高考英语一轮复习 高三语法专项复习：并列连词、复合句及特殊句式 课件

空白演示单击输入您的封面副标题并列连词复合句特殊句式空白演示单击输入您的封面副标题一.并列连词

六.Therebe句型

二.定语从句

七.感叹句三.名词性从句

八.反意疑问句

四.状语从句

九.倒装句

五.祈使句

十.省略空白演示单击输入您的封面副标题并列连词用法例句andboth...and...notonly...but(also)....neither...nor...butyetwhilewhereasoreither...or...not...but...forso表示顺承或递进关系表示对比或转折关系表示选择关系表示因果关系Hehadplentyofmoneyandhespentitfreely.Notonlydidhespeakmorecorrectly,but(also)hespokemoreeasily.Janesaidshewasill,but(yet)Isawherinthestreetjustnow.Somemenarerich,while(whereas)othersarepoor.Eitheryouareright,orIam.Sheisnotateacherbutastudent.Itmusthaverainedlastnight,foritiswetallover.Theshopswereclosed,soIdidin'tgetanymilk.空白演示单击输入您的封面副标题注意：(1)

and,or还可用于“祈使句+and/or+陈述句”中，相当于

“if.../if...not...+主句”。①Workhardandyouwillsucceed.=Ifyouworkhard,youwillsucceed.②Dresswarmly,oryou'llcatchacold.=Ifyoudon'tdresswarmly,you'llcatchacold.空白演示单击输入您的封面副标题(2)but还可用于I’msorrybut...”和“Excusemebut...”

句型中。①IamsorrybutIwon'tbeabletocometonight.②Excusemebutcouldyoukeepthisseatformeforawhile.空白演示单击输入您的封面副标题(3)when还可用作并列连词，其意义为“这时，那时”，相当于

andatthis/thattime.常用于下列句式：①sb.wasdoingsth.when...②sb.wasabouttodo/onthepointofdoingsth.when...③Sb.hadjustdonesth.when...。①Wewerehavingameetingwhensomeonebrokein.②Wewereabouttosetoffwhenitsuddenlybegantorain.③IhadjustfnishedmyhomeworkwhenTomcametome.空白演示单击输入您的封面副标题用并列连词填空①Shallwegoouttothecinema____stayathome?②Therearemanykindsofsports,____myfavoriteisswimming.③Henryisverysmart,____manyofhisclassmateslikehim.④Workhard_____youwillbeadmittedtoakeyuniversity.⑤Hurryup____youwillmissthebus.orbutsoandor空白演示单击输入您的封面副标题一、限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别分类用法例句限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句对先行词起修饰限定的作用对先行词起补充说明作用。先行词与定语从句往往由逗号隔开。相当于并列句、状语从句等。Hehastwosonswhoworkinthesamecompany.(Perhapshehasmorethantwosons.)Hehastwosonswhoworkinthesamecompany.(hehasonlytwosons.)空白演示单击输入您的封面副标题同义句转换①Thatishisfather,andheworksinShanghai.Thatishisfather,_____worksinShanghai.②Iliketheboy,whoisverylovely.Iliketheboy,______________heisverylovely.③Hetoldmeastoryyesterday,andIthoughtitwasveryinteresting.Hetoldmeastoryyesterday,_______Ithoughtwasveryinteresting.whobecause/forwhich空白演示单击输入您的封面副标题二、关系代词的基本用法关系代词用法例句whowhom用于限制性定语从句或非限制性定语从句。先行词指人，在定语从句中作主语、宾语。在限制性定语从句who可用that代替用于限制性定语从句或非限制性定语从句。先行词指人，在定语从句中作宾语。在限制性定语从句中可用who或that代替，但介词提到关系代词前，只能用whom①Sheisthegirlwho(that)livesnextdoor.②Doyouknowtheboywho(that)isstandingthere?①That'sthegirl(whom/who/that)Iteach.②Thisisthescientist,theachievemntsofwhomarewellknown.(=Thisisthescientist,ofwhomtheachievemntsarewellknown.空白演示单击输入您的封面副标题关系代词用法例句whichthat用于限制性或非限制性定语从句。先行词指物或一句话，在定语从句中作主语、宾语。在限制性定语从句中which可用that代替只用于限制性定语从句。先行词指人或物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语。指人时通常可以用who,whom互换，指物时可以和which互换，但关系代词作宾语且介词提到其前面时，不用thatThatisthebook(that/which)Iwanttoread.Hewaslateagain,whichmadetheteacherveryunhappy.Sheisthegirlthat(who)likessports.Thatistheplacethat(which)allofusareeagertovisit.空白演示单击输入您的封面副标题关系代词用法例句whoseas用于限制性或非限制性定语从句。先行词指人或物且在定语从句中作定语，相当于ofwhom或ofwhichThisisthescientistwhose

achievementarewellknown.Thisisthehousewhose

windowbrokelastnight.用于限制性定语从句中，先行词指人或物且在限制性定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语。常用句型为：①such(+名词)+as...(像......一样的，像......之类的)②thesame+名词+as...(和......同样的)用于非限制性定语从句中，先行词为整个主句或主句中的一部分，意为：正如......,像......Wehavefoundsuchmaterialsasareusedintheirfactory.ThisbookisnotsuchasIexpect.(as作宾语）Ihavethesamebookashehas.Asisknowntousall,ChinaisintheeastofAsia.空白演示单击输入您的封面副标题用who,whom,that,which,whose,as填空④Thehouse_________windowsfacenorthbelongstohim.⑤Theman____________________youmetjustnowismyoldfriend.⑥Theman___________iswalkingintheplaygroundismyoldfriend.⑦Takethebook___________islyingonthetable.⑧Sheissuchagirl______isalwaysfindingfaultwithotherpeople.whosewho/whom/that/不填who/thatwhich/thatas空白演示单击输入您的封面副标题三、关系代词that和which的特殊用法1.限制性定语从句中，用关系代词that而不能用which的情况：①当先行词是不定代词all,little,few,much,everything,anything,nothing,none,some等时Doyouhaveanythingthatyouwanttosayforyourself?②当先行词前面有theonly,thevery(恰恰，正好),any,every,no,all,few,little,much,theright,thelast等词修饰时ThisistheverybusthatI'mwaitingfor.③当先行词是形容词最高级或先行词的前面有形容词最高级修饰时Thisisthebestwaythathasbeenusedagainstpollution.④当先行词是序数词或它前面有序数词修饰时ThistrainisthelastthatwillgotoSuzhou.空白演示单击输入您的封面副标题⑤当先行词既有人又有物时Doyouknowthethingsandpersonsthattheyaretalkingabout?⑥当主句的主语是疑问词who或which时Whichisthebikethatyoulost?⑦有两个定语从句时，其中一个关系代词宜用which,另一个宜用thatTheysecretlybuiltupasmallfactory,whichproducedthingsthatcouldcausepollution.空白演示单击输入您的封面副标题2.当先行词指事/物时，定语从句中关系代词用which不用that的情况：①在非限制性定语从句中②当动词短语中的介词提前时注意：在一些固定搭配的动词短语中，由于动词和介词不可分割，因此不能把介词至于关系代词之前Thesportsmeetingwasputoff,whichastonishedme.ThisisahouseinwhichLuXunoncelived.(√)Thisisthepen(which/that)I'mlookingfor.(×)ThisisthepenforwhichI'mlooking.③先行词后面有插入语时HereistheEnglishgrammarbookwhich,asI'vetoldyou,willhelpyouimproveyourEnglish.④先行词本身就是that时What'sthatwhichflashedthroughtheskyjustnow?空白演示单击输入您的封面副标题用关系代词that或which填空(9)Irefusetoaccepttheblameforsomething________wassomeoneelse'sfault.(10)WheneverImether,_______wasfairlyoften,shegreetedmewithasweetsmile.(11)Allthepresents________yourfriendsgaveyouonyourbirthdayshouldbeputaway.(12)Thisistheverybook_______Ihavebeenlookingfor.(13)Hewaslatefortheopenningceremony,_______wasverysurprisingtome.thatthatthatwhichwhich空白演示单击输入您的封面副标题四、关系代词as,which的区别as和which都可以引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为整个主句或主句中的一部分内容，关系词在定语从句中做主语、宾语或表语，as和which均不可省略，有时两者可以互换。1.下列情况通常只用as而不用which:空白演示单击输入您的封面副标题条件例句当定语从句置于主句前面时Asyousee,theChinesepeoplearehard-working.关系词作主语且定语从句为被动语态形式时，从句谓语通常为：beknown,besaid,bereported,beannounced,bementioned等Shehasbeenabsentagain,asisexpected.在下列习惯用语中：as(it)seemslikely,as(it)oftenhappens,as(it)waspointedout,as(it)wassaidearlier,asIremember(it),asIunderstand(it),as(it)appears,asisoftenthecase,asanybodycansee,aswehaveexpectedJackhaswonthefirstprize,asitoftenhappens.ShehasreadwidelyinRomanticLiterature,asitappearsfromheressay.空白演示单击输入您的封面副标题2.下列情况通常用which而不用as:条件例句①关系代词代表前面主句中的宾语从句或定语从句的谓语带有一个复合宾语结构时Idon'tthinkthathewillcometoseeme,whichmakesmesad.②当主句和从句存在逻辑上的因果关系时Tomwaslateforschoolagainandagain,whichmadehisteacherveryangry.③当非限制性定语从句是否定句或表示否定时Hecamehereverylate,whichwasunexpected(notexpected).Hepretentednottoknowme,whichIdidn'tunderstand.④非限制性定语从句中的be动词不能省略时，用which;反之用asJanetoldmeshewonthematch,whichwasalie.(was不可省略）As(was)planned,wemetattheairport.空白演示单击输入您的封面副标题单句填空(14)Alotoflanguagelearning,____hasbeendiscovered,ishappeninginthefirstyearoflife,soparentsshouldtalkmuchtotheirchildrenduringthatperiod.(15)Thereisnosimpleanswer,____isoftenthecaseinscience.

asas空白演示单击输入您的封面副标题五、“介词+which、whom”引导定语从句的用法1.当介词放在关系代词的前面时，关系代词常用which或whom,

并且不能省略。（1）Hepaidtheboy$10forwashingtenwindows,mostofwhichhadn'tbeencleanedforatleastayear.（2）Inthedarkstreet,therewasn'tasingleperson,towhomshecouldturnforhelp.空白演示单击输入您的封面副标题2.在非限制性定语从句中，“介词+which/whom从句”结构中的介词不能移到从句的后面。HehasvisitedGu'anNo.OneHighSchoolseveraltimes,inwhichhehasmanyfriends.(in不能放在定语从句句末）空白演示单击输入您的封面副标题3.“复合介词短语+which”引导的定语从句常与先行词用逗号分开，定语从句常用倒装。Helivedinabighouse,infrontofwhichstoodabigtalltree.空白演示单击输入您的封面副标题4.“介词+which/whom+不定式”结构。Thepoormanhasnohouseinwhichtolive.=Thepoormanhasnohouse(that/which)hecanlivein.=Thepoormanhasnohouseinwhichhecanlive.=Thepoormanhasnohousetolivein.空白演示单击输入您的封面副标题单句填空(16)Hemaywinthecompetition,in_______caseheislikelytogetintothenationalteam.(17)Frank'sdreamistohavehisowngardenin______toproducemanybeautifulflowers.whichwhich空白演示单击输入您的封面副标题六、关系副词的用法关系副词用法例句whenwherewhy指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语，相当于“表时间的介词（如：in,at,on,during等）+which”指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语，相当于“表原因的介词（如：in,on,at,under等）+which”指原因，在定语从句中作原因状语，相当于“表原因的介词（如：for)+which”IstillrememberthedaywhenIfirstcametobeijing.(when=onwhich)Canyoutellmetheofficewhereheworks?(where=inwhich)Doyouknowthereasonwhyheisabsent?(why=forwhich)空白演示单击输入您的封面副标题注意：1.当先行词为situation,case,stage,point等，且关系词在定语从中作状语时，也要用关系副词where引导。Theyhavereachedthepointwheretheyhavetoseparatewitheachother.空白演示单击输入您的封面副标题单句填空(18)Hewrotealetter________heexplainedwhathadhappenedintheaccident.(19)Salesdirectorisaposition________communicationabilityisjustasimportantassalesskills.wherewhere空白演示单击输入您的封面副标题2.有时为表达清楚，还可以在关系副词where/when前加介词from/to等。Chinaisthebirthplaceofkites,fromwherekiteflyingspreadstoJapan,Korea,ThailandandIndia.3.关系副词when,where可用于非限制性定语从句中，而关系副词why不可以。空白演示单击输入您的封面副标题一、名词性从句的结构和功能总述

名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。名词性从句是一种具有名词功能的非独立分句。名词性从句主要有四种从句结构：以that引导的从句；以whether/if引导的从句；以连接代词/副词who,where,why等引导的从句；以what或wh-ever等引导的名词性关系从句。此外，asif/asthough也可引导表语从句。具体用法见下表：空白演示单击输入您的封面副标题主语从句宾语从句表语从句同位语从句thatwhether/if连接代词/副词名词性关系从句一般不省略一般不省略一般不省略一般不省略可以省略作及物动词宾语作介词宾语放于句首时常用whether用whether/if均可，但有区别常用whether常用whether常用whether注意语序要用陈述语序注意语序要用陈述语序空白演示单击输入您的封面副标题完成下列句子(1)Canyoutellme__________(我如何能)gettotherailwaystation?(2)Thesephotographswillshowyou_________________________(我们村看上去是什么样子的)。howIcanWhatourvillagelooks/islike空白演示单击输入您的封面副标题二、以that引导的从句（一）that从句作主语1.that从句作主语时，常用it作形式主语，常见的句型有：

句型例句It+be+形容词(obvious,true,natrual,surpring,good,wonderful,funny,possible,likely,certain,probable,etc)+that从句

It+be+名词（词组）（nowonder,anhonor,agoodthing,apity,nosurprise,etc)+that从句Itiscertainthatshewilldowellinherexam.It'snosurprisethatourteamhaswonthegame.空白演示单击输入您的封面副标题句型例句It+be+过去分词（said,reported,thought,expected,decided,announced,arranged,etc.)+that从句ItissaidthatMr.GreenhasarrivedinBeijing.It+动词或动词短语（seem,appear,happen,matter,turnout,prove,occur,etc.)+that从句Ithappenedthathewasout.Itprovesthatheissilly.空白演示单击输入您的封面副标题2.在口语中，that常可省略，尤其是在非常短的句子中，但that从句位于句首时，that是不能省略的。It'sapity(that)you'releaving.Thatweareinvitedtotheconcertthiseveningisgoodnewstous.空白演示单击输入您的封面副标题（二）that从句作宾语1.that从句可作及物动词的宾语，常用的结构有：结构例句及物动词、besure等+that从句及物动词+it+宾补+that从句Doyouknow(that)hehasjoinedthearmy?Hehasmadeitclearthathewillnottgivein.空白演示单击输入您的封面副标题2.that从句作介词宾语，常用结构有：结构例句in/except+that从句Heisagoodstudentexceptthatheisalittlebitcareless.Hedifferedfromhisclassmatesinthathedevotedhissparetimetoreading.其他介词+it+that从句YoumaydependonitthatIshallalwayshelpyou.空白演示单击输入您的封面副标题（三）that引导的表语从句、同位语从句从句用法例句表语从句同位语从句that从句作表语，that一般不省略that从句作同位语，that不可省略Mydecisionisthatallofusaretostartat6o'clocktomorrowmorning.There'safeelinginmethatwe'llneverknowwhataUFOis.空白演示单击输入您的封面副标题（四）that引导同位语从句与that引导定语从句的区别从句例句区别同位语从句定语从句Thenewsthatourfootballteamwonthematchwasencouraging.Thenews(that)weheardontheradiowasnottrue.①对前面的名词起补充说明的作用②同位语从句（ourfootballteamwonthematch)不缺任何成分①对先行词起修饰限制的作用②定语从句（weheardontheradio）是残缺的句子空白演示单击输入您的封面副标题单句填空(3)Itisobvioustothestudents_____theyshouldgetwellpreparedfortheirfuture.(4)Thenews____wearehavingaholidaytomorrowisnottrue.

thatthat空白演示单击输入您的封面副标题三、以whether/if(是否)引导的从句1.whether/if(是否)引导的表语从句、同位语从句从句用法例句表语从句同位语从句只用whether只用whetherTheproblemiswhetherthemeetingwillbeheld.Ihavenoideawhetherthemeetingwillbeheld.空白演示单击输入您的封面副标题2.whether/if(是否)引导的主语从句条件引导词例句whetherwhether或ifwhetherwhether句首it作形式主语，主语从句置于句末与ornot直接连用与表示选择的or...连用与ornot不直接连用Whetherthemeetingwillbeheldisstillaproblem.Itmakesnodifferencewhetherornothecomes.

Itmakesnodifferencewhetherhecomesorleaves.Itmakesnodifferencewhether/ifhecomesornot

.

空白演示单击输入您的封面副标题3.whether/if(是否)引导的宾语从句引导词条件例句只用whether不用if与ornot直接连用与表示选择的or...连用为了强调宾语从句，将宾语从句提前时用if表示“是否”容易产生歧义时后加不定式时作介词宾语作discuss的宾语与ornot不直接连用宾语从句中不含or(not)用if或whether均可Idon'tcarewhetherornothecomes.Idon'tcarewhetherhewillleaveorstay.WhetherhewillcomeIamnotsure.WhetherheismarriedIdon'tknow.Pleaseletmeknowwhetheryouneedhelp.Pleaseletmeknowifyouneedhelp.（如果/是否）Idon'tknowwhethertogothere.Itdependsonwhetheryoucandotheworkwell.Wearediscussingwhetherwewillaccepthisoffer.Hedidn'ttellmeif/whetherhewouldcome.Idon'tcarewhether/ifhecomesornot.空白演示单击输入您的封面副标题用whether/if填空(5)Itisstillunderdiscussion__________theoldbusstationshouldbereplacedwithamodernhotelornot.(6)Iamnotsure__________hewillcomehereornot.(7)Thisdecisionwillhaveaneffecton_______ornothewillsucceed.whether/ifwhether/ifwhether空白演示单击输入您的封面副标题四、以连接代词/副词where,who,how,why等引导的从句名词性从句例句主语从句宾语从句表语从句同位语从句Whyheisoftenabsentfromclassisamystery.Itmakesnodifferencewhereweshallhavethemeeting.Ican'timaginehowhedidit.(从句作及物动词的宾语)Italldependsonhowwesolvetheproblem.(从句作介词on的宾语)Theproblemiswhereweshouldstay.MyquestionhowIshallgetintouchwithhimhasnotbeenanswered.空白演示单击输入您的封面副标题单句填空(8)I'mafraidhe'smoreofatalkerthanadoer,whichis______heneverfinishedanything.why空白演示单击输入您的封面副标题五、以what或wh-ever等引导的名词性从句引导词用法例句whatwhateverwhicheverwhoever=thething(s)that...,意为：.......的东西=anythingthat...,意为：......的任何东西=anymemberofagroupofpeopleorthingsthat...,意为：（在某范围之内）......的任何人、物=anyonewho...,意为：......的任何人Whattheyneed(=Thethingthattheyneed)isagoodtextbook.Whateverhelikes(=Anythingthathelikes)willbegiventohim.Youcanwriteaboutwhatevertopicyouprefer(=anytopicthatyouprefer.Whicheverbookheboughtwouldbepaidfor.Itdoesn'tmattertomewhicheveryouchoose.

Whoeverdidthisjobmustberewarded.空白演示单击输入您的封面副标题单句填空(9)ManyyoungpeopleintheWestareexpectedtoleave_______couldbelife'smostimportantdecision-marriage-almostentirelyuptoluck.(10)________oneofyoubreaksthewindowwillhavetopayforit.(11)Thebookcanbeofhelpto_________wantstodothejob.(12)Sheisverydeartous.Wehavebeenpreparedtodo_________ittakestosaveherlife.(13)--Howaboutcampingthisweekend,justforachange?--OK,_________youwant.(14)Toimprovethequalityofourproducts,weaskedforsuggestions_________hadusedtheproducts.whatwhateverwhateverwhicheverwhoeverwhoever空白演示单击输入您的封面副标题六、名词性从句的几个易混点（一）That通常不可省略的情况

1.that引导的主语从句置于句首时。Thatpriceswillgoupiscertain.2.当一个句子有两个或多个并列的宾语从句时，引导第二个和以后几个从句的

that不可省略。Hetoldmethehadtoleaveandthathewouldbebacksoon.3.由it作形式宾语时，引导宾语从句的that大多不可省略。Youcanputitthatitwasarrangedbefore.

空白演示单击输入您的封面副标题（二）asif/asthough,because,why也可引导表语从句。(1)Itlookedasifitwasgoingtorain.(2)That'sbecausehedidn'tworkhardenough.(3)ThatwaswhyIaskedforthreedays'leave.because引导表语从句时，主句主语不能是reason或cause，而且since和as不能引导表语从句。Thereasonisthat...才是正确的。注意：空白演示单击输入您的封面副标题一、时间状语从句1.when,while,as连词词义用法whenwhileas当......时候当......时候一边......一边......,随着状语从句的谓语动词可是延续性动词，也可是瞬间动词状语从句的谓语动词是延续性动词状语从句的谓语动词是延续性动词从句动作可先于主句动作，也可和主句动作同时发生侧重主句动作和从句动作同时发生表示从句和主句的两个动作交替进行或同时完成空白演示单击输入您的封面副标题如：WhenIlivedthere,IusedtogototheseashoreonSundays.Whenthefilmended,thepeoplewentback.Pleasedon'ttalksoloundwhileothersareworking.Astimegoeson,it'sgettingwarmerandwarmer.如果主句表示的是短暂性动作，而从句用延续性动词的进行时态表示在一段时间内正在进行的动作，此时when,while与as可互换使用。注意：When/While/AsIwaswalkingdownthestreet,Icameacrossanoldfriendofmine.

空白演示单击输入您的封面副标题用when,while,as填空①_______________Iwaswaitingatthebusstop,Inoticedapolicecarinfrontofthestore.②_______Johnarrived,Iwascookinglunch.③____hegrewolder,helostinterestineverythingexceptgardening.When/While/AsWhenAs空白演示单击输入您的封面副标题2.表示“一.......就......”的连词分类例词例句连词像名词的连词像副词的连词固定句式assoonas,oncethemoment,theminute,theinstantimmediately,directlyhardly/scarcely...when...;nosooner...than...IwillcallyouassoonasIarrive.

ThemomentIheardthevoice,Iknewmyfatherwascoming.Theboyburstintotearsimmediatelyhesawhismother.HardlyhadIgothomewhenitbegantorain.空白演示单击输入您的封面副标题注意：nosooner...than..,hardly/scarcely...when...结构的时态搭配为：nosooner与hardly/scarcely所在的主句的谓语动词应用过去完成时，而than与when引导的从句的谓语动词应用一般过去时。此外，当把nosooner和hardly/scarcely提到句首时，其所在的主句应用倒装语序。Wehadnosoonerarrivedatthestationthanthetrainleft.=Nosoonerhadwearrivedatthestationthanthetrainleft.空白演示单击输入您的封面副标题单句填空④Hehadnosoonerfinishedhisspeech______thestudentsstartedcheering.⑤Youwillbesuccessfulintheinterview_____youhaveconfidence.⑥Justusethisroomforthebeing,andwe'llofferyoualargeroneas_____asitbecomesavailable.thanoncesoon空白演示单击输入您的封面副标题3.till,until和not...until连词位置句式例句tilluntilnot...until句中句首、句中一般句式倒装句式强调句式主句的谓语动词必须是延续性动词，意为“某动作一直延续到某时间点才停止”主句的谓语动词必须是非延续性动词，意为“某动作直到某时间才开始”Heremainedthereuntil/tillshearrived.UntilyoutoldmeIhadnoideaofit.Hewon'tgotobedtill/untilshereturns.NotuntilyoutoldmedidIhaveanyideaofit.ItwasnotuntilyoutoldmethatIhadanyideaofit.空白演示单击输入您的封面副标题同义句转换Ididn'tleaveuntilshecameback.⑦_________shecameback_____Ileave.⑧_______notuntilshecameback_____Ileft.Notuntil

didItwasthat空白演示单击输入您的封面副标题4.after,beforeafter意为“在......之后”before意为“在......之前，还未......就......,不到......就.......,.......才......,还没来得及......就......”等。Hechangedhisideaafterhethoughtitover.Wehadsailedfourdaysandfournightsbeforewesawland.ItwashalfayearbeforeIcameback.Itwin'tbelongbeforewemeetagain.空白演示单击输入您的封面副标题5.since引导的时间状语从句（1）since的基本用法since意为“自从......”，引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词一般是非延续性动词，用一般过去时；主句的谓语动词是延续性的或者是反复发生的动作，其时态常用现在完成时或现在完成进行时。IhavewrittenhomefourtimessineceIcamehere.Shehasbeenworkinginthisfactorysincesheleftschool.空白演示单击输入您的封面副标题(2)“Itis+一段时间+since从句”句型在“Itis+一段时间+since从句”句型中，since引导的从句的谓语动词若是延续性动词，时间的计算从since从句的动作或状态结束时算起；若since引导的从句的谓语动词是终止性动词，计时起点从动作开始时算起。Itisthreeyearssincethewarbrokeout.(终止性动词）ItisthreeyearssinceIsmokedacagar(=sinceIstoppedsmokingacigar).(延续性动词)我不吸烟已经三年了。如果译成“我吸烟已经三年了”，应为：ItisthreeyearssinceIbegantosmoke.（终止性动词）空白演示单击输入您的封面副标题⑨Itisthreeyearssinceshewasinourclass._____________________________________________⑩Itisthreeyearssincehelivedhere.________________________________________英译汉单句填空⑪Asisreported,itismorethan100years______TsinghuaUniversitywasfounded.⑫Becauseoftheheavytraffic,itwasalreadytimeforlunch_____shegottoheroffice.⑬Ihaveheardalotofgoodthingsaboutyou_______Icamebackfromabroad.她离开我们班已有三年了。他不在这住已有三年了。sincesincewhen空白演示单击输入您的封面副标题6.everytime，eachtime，nexttime，thelasttime，anytime等名词短语用来引导时间状语从句，表示“每当......；每次......；下次......”等。Every/EachtimeIwasintrouble,hewouldcometohelpmeout.Nexttimeyoucome,doremembertobringyoursoonhere.ThelasttimeshesawJames,hewaslyinginbed.空白演示单击输入您的封面副标题二、地点状语从句连词词义从句位置例句wherewherever......的地方指具体地点时，从句可用于主句之前或之后；表示抽象条件的含义时，从句需放在主句之前Youarefreetogowhereveryoulike.(具体地点)

Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.(抽象地点)空白演示单击输入您的封面副标题单句填空⑭Afterthewar,anewschoolbuildingwasputup_________therehadoncebeenatheatre.⑮Ihavekepttheportrait______Icanseeiteveryday,asitalwaysremindsmeofmyuniversitydaysinLondon.wherewhere空白演示单击输入您的封面副标题三、原因状语从句引导原因状语从句的从属连词主要有：because因为as由于since/nowthat既然inthat因为seeingthat鉴于consideringthat考虑到

IwasabsentfromthemeetingbecauseIwasill.Asitisraining,weshallnotgotothepark.Nowthat/Sinceeverybodyishere,let'sbeginourmeeting.空白演示单击输入您的封面副标题单句填空⑯Ididit_________hehadtoldmeto.⑰______thatmyheadhadcleared,mybrainwasalsobeginningtoworkmuchbetter.becauseNow空白演示单击输入您的封面副标题四、目的状语从句连词词义例句inorderthat（置于句首或句中）sothat(置于句中）forfearthatincase以便......;为了......唯恐，以免某事会发生以防I'llspeakslowlysothat/inorderthatyoucanunderstandme.Inorderthatwemightseethesunrise,westartedforthepeakearly.Marydidn'twanttogetoutofbedforfearthatshemightwakeherbaby(up).Takeyourraincoatincaseitrains.空白演示单击输入您的封面副标题单句填空⑱Itookmydrivinglisencewithmeonholiday,in______Iwantedtohireacar.⑲Shefinallyranawayfor_____thatherparentswouldscoldher.casefear空白演示单击输入您的封面副标题五、结果状语从句1.引导结果状语从句的从属连词有：so...that...,such...that...。注意其结构：so+形容词/副词+that从句so+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数形式+that从句so+many/much/few/little(少)+名词+that从句such+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数形式+that从句such+形容词+可数名词复数形式/不可数名词+that从句such+alotof/lotsof+名词+that从句空白演示单击输入您的封面副标题如：Mikeissuchanhonestworkerthatweallbelieveinhim.=Mikeissohonestaworkerthat

weallbelieveinhim.Itissuchfineweatherthatweallwanttogotothepark.Heearnedsolittlemoneythathecouldn'tsupporthisfamily.空白演示单击输入您的封面副标题注意：(1)为了强调形容词和副词，当so或such置于句首时，主句要用倒装语序。Socleverasrudentwashethathewasabletoworkoutallthedifficultproblems.(2)当so或such所在的主句主语与结果状语从句中的主语一致时，还可简化为：so/such...asto...。Hewassocleverastudentthathewasabletoworkooutallthedifficultproblems.→Hewassocleverastudentastobeabletoworkoutallthedifficultproblems.空白演示单击输入您的封面副标题用so或such填空(20)Itisnotsurpringthat_______littlewormseatsolittlegrain.(21)Canyoubelievethatin______arichcountrythereshouldbesomanypoorpeople?(22)Heis____smartaboythatIlikehimverymuch.suchsuchso空白演示单击输入您的封面副标题2.除结果状语从句外，too...to...（太......而不能......),enoughto...(达到某种程度可以......)等结构同样可以表示结果。他起床太晚了，没有赶上那班公交车。Hedidn'tgetupearlyenoughtocatchthebus.=Hegotuptoolatetocatchthebus.空白演示单击输入您的封面副标题同义句转换Heissoyoungthathecan'tjointhearmy.(23)Heisnotold__________tojointhearmy.(24)Heis______youngtojointhearmy.(25)Heis_____youngasnottojointhearmy.enoughtooso空白演示单击输入您的封面副标题3.such...that...引导的状语从句与such...as...引导的定语从句的区别。首先观察两个句子：①Heissuchacleverboyaseveryonelikes.②Heissuchacleverboythateveryonelikeshim.他是一个人人都喜爱的聪明孩子。他是一个如此聪明的孩子，以至于人人都喜欢他。①句中everyonelikes为残缺的句子，缺少宾语，故可判定此处为定语从句；②句中everyonelikeshim结构完整，不缺任何成分，故可判定此处为状语从句。空白演示单击输入您的封面副标题用as,that填空(26)Suchadvice______hewasgivenprovedalmostworthless.(27)Itwassuchaboringspeech______Ifellasleep.asthat空白演示单击输入您的封面副标题六、条件状语从句连词词义例句ifunlessso/aslongasincaseonconditionthatsuppose/supposing(that)providedthat如果除非只要万一条件是假设，如果如果You'llfailtheexamunlessyoustudyhard.(=ifyoudon'tstudyhard).Aslongasyoudon'tloseheart,youwillsucceed.Suppose/Supposing(that)theyrefuseus,whoelsecanweturntoforhelp.Incasethereisafire,whatwillwedofirst?空白演示单击输入您的封面副标题单句填空(28)___________ourmanagerobjectstoTom'sjoiningtheclub,weshallaccepthimasamember.(29)Youmayusetheroomasyoulike________longasyoucleanitupafterwards.Unlessas/so空白演示单击输入您的封面副标题七、方式状语从句引导方式状语从句的从属连词有：as正如；好像

asif/asthough好像，仿佛asif或asthough引导的从句可以用虚拟语气，但如果从句中所陈述的情况很可能实现，也可用陈述语气。Doasyouareold,oryouwillbefired.Theladytreatstheboyasifhewereherownson.(虚拟语气）Heclosedhiseyesasifhewastired.(陈述语气）空白演示单击输入您的封面副标题单句填空(30）Leavethetable_______itis.(31)Jackwasn'tsayinganythingbuttheteachersmiledashimas_______hehaddonesomethigveryclever.asif空白演示单击输入您的封面副标题八、让步状语从句连词词义例句although/thoughaseventhough/eveifwhether...or...疑问词+-every与nomatter+疑问词尽管，虽然尽管，虽然即使不管......还是......不管......;无论......Heisunhappy,though/althoughhehasalotofmoney.Childasheis,theboyknowsalot.Eventhough/Evenifitisraining,we'llgothere.Whetheryoubelieveitornot,itistrue.Whatever(=Nomatterwhat)yousay,hewon'tbelieveyou.空白演示单击输入您的封面副标题

注意：(1)although与though两者意思相同，一般可互换，都可以与yet,still或nevertheless连用，但不能和but连用。Althoug