【2022】新版新目标英语八年级下册unit1知识点总结

Unit1.what’sthematter?SectionAWhatsthematter?怎么啦？出什么事情了？(1)mattern.问题；事情What’sthematterwithyou?=What’sthetroublewithyou?=What’swrongwithyou?你怎么了？mattertroublethe或形容词性物主代词，wrongadj.thewith连用What’sthematterwithsb?=What’syourtrouble?=What’sup?=Whathappenstosb.?(2)mattervItdoesn’tmatter.没关系（用来回答别人道歉时的用语）DoesitmatterifI’malittlelate?(3)asamatteroffact=infact 事实上,实际上foot---feet脚<复> tooth---teeth牙齿<复>havea/an+疾病名词患……病(cold/fever/cough)haveacold=catchacold感冒 haveafever发烧haveasorethroat喉咙疼 haveasoreback背疼haveastomachache胃痛 haveatoothache牙痛haveaheadache头痛 haveabackache背痛 haveaearache耳朵痛backn背；背部 atthebackof......在 的后面adv回原处往回去 go/comeback返回 giveback归还hand n 手 handinhand手拉手v 交给；传递 handin上交 handon依次传递 handout分发toomuch+不可数名词 太多的…修饰动词，放在动词之后WatchingTVtoomuchisbadforyourmuchtoo+形/副 实在太…极其，非常toomany+可数名词复数 太多的…7.enoughadj.足够的，充分的修饰名词时，可放在名词之前或之后enoughtimeadv.足够地，十分，相当 修饰放在adj./adv后 expensiveenoughbe+adj.+enoughtodosth bestrongenoughtocarrythebox.with prep具有，带有,表示某物带有或具有某种特征 （反）withouthotteawithhoney加蜜的热茶 teawithsugar加糖的茶 coffeewithsugar加糖的咖啡Chinaisacountrywithalonghistory.Sheisagirlwithlonghair.prep.和......一起talkwithsb Iliketotalkfreelywithmyfriends.prep用......，使用某种工具 Cutitwithaknife. Writewitha(4)状语Hecameinwithabigsmile.Whatshouldshe她该怎么办呢？ShouldItakemytemperature?我应该量一下体温吗？should应该情态动词，后跟动词原形，表示责任和义务shouldnot=shouldn’t不应该主语should/shouldn’t+动词原形...takeone’stemperature量体温needvneed情态动词，仅用于否定结构和疑问句或if/whether引导的宾语从句态动词needsth需要某物Ineedyourhelp.人做主语sbneedtodosth某人需要做某事Doyouneedtodrinkmorewater?物做主语sthneeddoingsth=sthneedtobedone表被动needn’tdon’thaveto没有必要must,need引导的疑问句肯定回答用MustIhanditintoday?No.you .Youcandoittomorrow.A.mustn't B.can't C.needn'tMustIfinishmyhomeworknow?No,you .Youcangohomenow.A.needn’t B.mustn’t C.shouldn’t D.can’tMustIstartnow?No,you A.mustn't B.can't C.needn'tNeedIgotoschool?--Yes,youmust. No,youneedn’t.11.IthinkIsatinthesamewayfortoolongwithoutmoving.我想我以同样的姿势一动不动地坐得太久了。withoutdoingsth. 没有做某事、没做某事Iletthedayawaywithoutdoinganythingatall.我一点事也没干就让一天过去了。Thestormpassedoffwithoutdoingmuchdamage.暴风雨过去了，没有造成多大灾害。lie/lai/v.(lay/lei/) 躺；平躺lie→laylain v躺卧(lying).lie→lied→lied v撒谎 (现在分词lying).lay→laid→laid v下蛋，产卵(现在分词layingliedown躺下 liedownandrest躺下休息neck n.neckandneck不分上下，势均力敌hurt v.表示肉体感到疼痛或不适，使用时应用疼痛的具体部位作主语。Myleghurts.see（saw,seen）v看见seesb.dosth看见某人做某事（看到动作发生的全过程或经常看到动作发生，强调整个过程）seesb.doingsth看见某人正在做某事（强调动作正在发生）along/down相同点：prep顺着；沿着不同点：along强调顺着水平方向down指“沿着……下坡或者往南走geton--getoff上下大型交通工具（bus,train,plane）getinto—getoutof进入/出来 小型交通工具（car,taxi,lift）getup起床 getback回来；取回 getover克服；度geton／alongwellwith与……相处融洽 getinaword插话getto到达haveto客观需要 don’thaveto不需must主观必要 mustn’t不准，禁止haveto多种时态，有单三surprisev使吃惊→surprisingadj.令人吃惊的→surprisedadj.吃惊的surprisesb使某人吃惊Thebadnewssurprisedbesurprisedat对……感到吃惊besurprisedtodosth做某事而感到惊讶besurprised+that从句因...而惊讶n惊讶toone’ssurprise使某人吃惊的是 insurprise吃惊地toone’sjoy/disappointment/satisfacationagreev→(反)disagree–agreementn同意(1)agreewithsb.同意某人Iagreewithyou. (2)agreetodosth同意做某事(3)agreeonsththanksto多亏；由于thanksto习语介词，thanksthankyou，to后也不接动词原形，to表示感谢的对象thanksfor 因……而感谢，forv-ingThanks=thankyouontime 准时 intime 及时ontime=atexactlytherighttime. 准时（在规定的时间之内）强调与某个时刻一致intime=withenoughtimetospare/notlate及时（恰在时间点上）提前发生attimes=sometimes有时 haveagoodtime玩得高兴 havetime=befree有空allthetime一直atthesametime同时 bythetime到……时候 forthefirsttime第一次It’stimetodosth=It’stimeforsth是该做某事的时间了Ittakessb.sometimetodosth做某事花费某人多长时间satonce“立刻；马上”；ontime“按时”；byaccident“偶然”；atpresent“目前;现在”。trouble/'trʌbl/n问题；苦恼getintotrouble造成麻烦（或烦恼） beintrouble处于困境中havetrouble(in)doingsth做某事有困难Thatisamonkeyonhisback.Let’shelphim. C 沉重负担A.Hehasamonkey B.HelikesplayingwiththemonkyC.Heisintrouble D.Heisgoodatstudying反身代词反身代词的构成第一、二人称的反身代词构成:形容词性物主代词+self/selves构成单数单数复数myselfourselvesyourselfyourselves第三人称的反身代词构成:第三人称宾格+self/selves单数：单数：himself复数：herselfthemselvesitself反身代词的常见搭配：enjoyoneself=havefun=haveagoodtime玩得高兴 teachoneself=learn…byoneself自学byoneself=alone独自 helponeselfto随便吃 introduceoneselfto自我介绍反身代词必须与主语保持人称的一致。fall→fell→fallenv落下；跌落falldown Shefelldownfromherbikefalloff指从某物上跌落下来。Thegirlfelloffthebike.=Thegirlfelldownfromthebfallinto落入 Theleaffellintotheriver.fallbehind落后fallinlovewithsb.爱上某人 fallasleep入睡SectionBfeelsick生病；不舒服sick/ill adj.生病的sick adj.be(系动词)n.前作定语。besickof…讨厌；厌恶…… sickperson=patient病人ill adj.be(系动词)后作表语，beillinhospital生病住院illillness n.“”beinterestedinterestn兴趣→interestingadj.令人有兴趣的（表语/定语）→interestedadj.对……感兴趣（只做表语）interestv.引起……关注；使……感兴趣beinterestedinsth./doingsth.对……变得感兴趣=showgreatinterestinsth./doingsth.表现出对……的极大兴趣;take/haveaninterestin=beinterestedin对……感兴趣placesofinterest名胜loseinterestin失去兴趣as prep作为，以……身份beusedto(doing习惯于（做；适应于（做）use使用→usefuladj.有用的useup用完usesthtodosth用某物做某事usedtodosth过去常常做某事，表示过去做过的事现在已经不做，只用于过去时态。be/getusedtodoingsth习惯于做某事beusedtodosth被用来做某事=beusedfordoingsthoneof 之一oneof+the+adj.最高级+n复数，做主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。OneofthemostpopularcolorsisredinChina.hit/hit/v.(hit/hit/) 用手或器具击；打hitsb.击中/撞到某人Theballhithimintheface.almost/nearly adv 差不多、几乎、将近都是程度副词,可以用来修饰形容词、副词、动词和名词有时它们可以相互取代loselost→ lostvloseone’slife失去生命becauseof由于；因为跟句子时用because,加名词短语时用becauseofbecausebecausebecauseof词性连词介词短语用法后接句子后接名词或/vingbecauseof+n/ving/代词宾格(用于句中)She’sworriedbecauseherson.becauseconj+从句（引导原因状语从句）becausewhy引导的句子becauseso不能一起连用，二者只能用其一。on修饰具体的某一天onaSundaymorning onFridayfind→found→foundv寻找findsb.doi