【2022】新版新目标英语八年级下册unit3知识点总结

Unit3Couldyoupleasecleanyourroom?SectionACouldyoupleasedosth?肯定回答：Sure./Ofcourse./Certainly./Noproblem.否定回答：Sorry,Ican’t./I’mafraidIcan’t.couldcould看作cancouldcan,could之外，还可以用may，句子的表达方式也各有不同，可以用不同的方式来表示同一个概念。Could/Can/MayIuseyourcarforaday?作允答可以各种各样：Yes，或Sure或Certainly，还可说Yes,(do)please.或Ofcourse.(youmay/can).或That'sOK/allright.如果不同意，可以说I'msorryyoucan't.或I'mreallysorry,butIhavetouseittoday.要避免说No,can't.这样显得很不礼貌。否定回答通常用委婉语气。take(1)取，拿：Pleasetakesomebookstotheclassroom.(2)吃，喝，服用Takesomemedicine.乘车，船等Wecantakeabustothepark.花费（时间、金钱）Ittookme2hourstodomyhomework.takecareof照顾 takeawalk散步 takeawa拿 takeup占据 takeplace发生 takeoff脱下takeone’stime慢慢来problem question 问题problem客观存在待解决的问题，侧重困难。Solvetheproblemquestion因存疑而提出问题，侧重疑惑。answerthequestion4.(1)neitheradvnor替换neitherIdon’tlikethisdress.我不喜欢这件连衣裙。Neither/NordoI.我也不喜欢。【注意】肯定句：Helikesbeef..--SodoI.我也喜欢。neither…nor…既不…也不…,NeitherTomnorIamastudentneither作代词表示“两个都不”，它作主语时，谓语动词常用单数。Neitherofmyparentsisathome.辨析also,too,either,neither(1)also较正式，在句中位于行为动词前，系动词、助动词或情态动词之后。Peteralsolikesbeef. Iamalsoastudent. Shecanalso(2)too较口语，多用在肯定句句末。either表示“也”时，一般只用于否定句句末。Idon’thavemuchmoneyeither.neither用作副词，意为“也不”解释，句子须采用部分倒装。also和too常用于肯定句，neither用于否定句；either表示“也”用于否定，但either…or用于肯定。5.or否定句也不 Wedon’thaveteaorcoffee.陈述句或者 Answermeyesorno.疑问句还是 Doyoulikeredorpink?表转折否则祈使句 Hurryup,oryouwillbeeover过来comeacross （偶然）发现 comeback回来 comeupwith想出 cometrue实现comefrom来自 comeon加油 comein/into 进入,进来comeout出来，(花)开，(照片)冲洗出来surpriseinsurprise惊奇地惊讶地Helookatmeinsurprise.Thatisabigsurprise.不可数名词惊奇 tosurpriseTomysurprise,hedidn’tleave.及物动词，使惊奇surpriseHissuccesssurprisedus.workon从事，忙于 workat学习、致力于、在……上下工夫borrowsomemoney借一些钱borrowsth.fromsb.向某人借某物(借入)=borrowsbsthlendsb.sth.=lendsth.tosb.借给某人某物(借出)Youcanborrowsomemoneyfromyourbrother. 你可以向你哥哥借些钱。Canyoulendmeyourbike?你能借给我你的自行车吗？注意：keep延续性动词Icankeepthebookforonepasssbsth=passsthtosb地给某人某物need v需要作实义动词常用于肯定句人做主语，sb.needtodosth某人需要做某事物做主语，sthneeddoing=sthneedtobeneed做情态动词用于否定句或疑问句.(1)needn’tdon’thaveto没有必要(2)need,mustmust,needn’tMustIgotherenow?Yes，youmust/No,youneedn’tSectionB1.invitevinvitation n邀请invitesb.todosth邀请某人做某事invitesb.to+地点邀请某人去某地2.wastev 浪费wastetime/moneyonsthwastetime/money(in)doingsth在做某事上花费时间/金钱nawasteof浪费awasteoftime浪费时间 awasteofmoney浪费金钱adjwastepaperspend/pay/cost/take花费spend→spent→spentv花费,主语是人sb.+spend时间/钱+onsth在某事上花费......sb.+spend时间/钱+（in）doingspendon=payfor支付Hespendstoomuchtimeonthecomputergames.pay→paid→paidv支付，主语是人sb.+pay+钱+forsth Ipay10yuanforthebook.costcostcost v花费，主语是某物或某事sthcostsb.+钱 某物花费某人多少钱Anewcomputercostsmealotofmoney.take→tooktakenv花费Ittakes/tooksb.sometimetodosth.做某事花费某人多长时间Ittakeshim3hourstodohishomework.inorderto目的是；为了后接动词原形 句首句尾都可以inordertodosth为了做某事providev为某人提供某物=providesb.withsth.(1)offer侧重表示愿意给予offersb.sth.=offersthtosb.对某人提供某物offertodosth主动提出干某事(2)supply定期供应,强调替代或补充所需物品supplysb.withsth=supplysth.tosb.为某人提供某物dependon依靠；信赖Italldepends.=Thatdepends.视情况而定since conj.由于，因为，既然引导原因状语从句(表示对方已知的事实或理由，常放在句首）Sincewedon’thavemoney,wecan’tbuyahouse.自....以后，自.....以来引导时间状语从句It’stwoyearssincewevisitedyourmother.keep+sth/sb.+adj. 使 处于某种状态keep keep+adj.Wemustkeephealthy.实义动词保持；继续keep(on)doingsth继续做某事Hewasingreatpainbuthekeptonworkingkeepsb.doingsth让某人一直做某事I’msorrytohavekeptyouwaitingforsolong.asaresult（插入语，放在句首，用逗号隔开）asaresultof由于 ，作为 的结果10.the+比较级，the+比较级 越......越......Thefaster,thebetter.independentadj 独立的，自主的makemade→madev.做，制作，使得makesb/sth+形容词 让某人或某物… makeyouhappymakesb/sthdosth使某人做某事 makemelaugh.makesure确信 makeadialogue编对话 makeamistake犯错误(bymistake由于疏忽makeanoise吵闹 makefaces做鬼脸 makefriends(with)和..交朋友makeroomfor给..让地方maketea沏茶makemoney赚钱 makeadecision作出决定makethebed整理床铺 makealiving谋生makefunof=laughat取笑havetimetodosth.havetime=befree有空getinto=enter进入getup起床getback返回 getover克服getdressed穿衣getinto进入 get/belost丢getoff/on下/上车getonwellwithsb.与某人相处得好getoutof从…出来 getwarm变暧getreadyfor+n.为…做准备 getreadytodosth.准备做某事getwell康复getachance有机会、得到机会 get/gotosleep(fallasleep)入睡 相关：(beasleep睡着)getolder长大get/become/go辨析：(1)get+adj较多地与形容词比较级连用 Thedaysaregettinglongerand(2)become强调变化的结果It'sbecomingcolderandcolder.(3)go+adj.表示令人不快的事情 gobad变坏，goblind变瞎，gohungry挨饿doone’spart尽职责；尽本分doone’spartindoingsth在做某事上尽职责developindependence培养独立意识developv→developmentn发展→developinga