Unit 3 Reading and Thinking导学案 高中英语人教版（2019）必修第三册

Unit3ReadingandThinking导学案词汇初探根据汉语提示写出正确的单词1．__________（多种多样的）cultures2．__________（幸运）cookies3．apiece/sliceof__________（奶酪）4．__________（承认）one’smistakes5．__________（确实）feelgood6．theearthquake__________（发生）in19067．near__________（市中心）8．intheMission__________（地区）9．__________（喜剧的）art10．gooutsoon__________（后来）11．__________（寻找）shelterfromtherain12．__________（赚得）fiftydollarsaday13．__________（挑选）abook14．draw__________a__________（图表）15．amonthly__________（刊物）16．__________（夺取）thousandsoflives17．a__________（一系列）of__________victories18．__________（避开）thecoldwinter阅读精研Ⅰ．文本整体理解：理清文章架构Ⅱ．文本细节理解：探寻语篇细节信息1．BeforeIcamebackinSanFrancisco，Ivisited__________．A．theGoldenGateBridgeB．NapaValleyC．theMissionDistrictD．Chinatown2．WhendidtheearthquakehappeninthecityofSanFrancisco？A．In1906．B．In1848．C．In1806．D．In1948．3．WhydidChineseimmigrantsgotoSanFrancisco？A．Toenjoyscenery．B．Tocallonrelatives．C．Toearnmoney．D．Toreceivefurthereducation．4．Wheredidthewritergofordinner？A．ACantoneserestaurant．B．Ajazzbar．C．Ashop．D．AMexicanrestaurant．Ⅲ．文本素养提升：阅读技能综合运用1．根据课文语境与语句知识细致解构语句（1）Manyofthepeople（livinghere）arefrom主语现在分词短语作后置定语MexicoorCentralAmerica．译文：生活在这里的许多人__________墨西哥或中美洲。（2）__________Iwalkedaroundlookingatthestreetartforafewhours．现在分司短语作伴随状语译文：我到处转了好几个小时，欣赏__________。人生智慧生活没有目标，犹如航海没有罗盘。Livingwithoutanaimislikesailingwithoutacompass．——JohnRuskin（3）Intheafternoon，IheadedtoalocalmuseumthatshowedthehistoricalchangesinCalifornia．先行词定语从句，that为引导词译文：下午，我__________当地的一家博物馆，这家博物馆__________了加利福尼亚的历史变迁。2．根据课文完成短文Today，IarrivedbackinSanFrancisco，anditfeelsgood（1）__________（be）backinthecityagain．Thecitysucceededin（2）__________（rebuild）itselfaftertheearthquakethat（3）__________（occur）in1906，andIstayedintheMissionDistrict，enjoyingsomedeliciousnoodlesmixedwithcultures．Intheafternoon，Iheadedtoalocalmuseum（4）__________showedthehistoricalchangesinCalifornia．Duringthegoldrush，manyChinesearrived，andsomeopenedupshopsandrestaurantsinChinatowntoearna（5）__________（live），Manyothersworkedon（6）__________（farm），joinedthegoldrush，orwenttobuildtherailwaythatconnectedCaliforniatotheeast．Themuseumshowedus（7）__________Americawasbuiltbyimmigrantsfrom（8）__________（difference）countriesandcultures．Intheevening，IwenttoChinatown，andateinaCantoneserestaurantthatservedfoodon（9）__________（beauty）chinaplates．Tomorrowevening，I'mgoingto（10）jazzbarintheRichmondDistrict．3．阅读主题活动（1）WhichplaceinSanFranciscowouldyouliketovisit？Listyourreasons．（2）WhatarethebenefitsofculturaldiversityinChina？阅读微技巧速读文章理清写作顺序，领会文化多样性基调按时间顺序，如today，intheafternoon，thisevening，tomorrowevening关注文化多样性表达，如Mexican-Chinesenoodles，arealmixofcultures，immigrantsfromdifferentcountriesandcultures，Chinatown，aCantoneserestaurant等要点精研1．admitvi．&vt．承认vt．准许进入（或加入）*Sheapologisedtomeandadmittedtaking/havingtakenmyumbrellabymistake．词汇复现她向我道歉并承认错拿了我的伞。*Thenarrowwindowsadmitlittlelightintotheroom．窗户狭窄，只有少量光线可以照进房间。*Womenwereonlyadmittedintotheclublastyear．这家倶乐部去年才接纳女会员。*Youwillnotbeadmittedtothetheatreaftertheperformancehasstarted．演出开始后不许进入剧场。【难点点津】只接动名词，不接不定式作宾语的动词还有：keep，delay，enjoy，practise，finish，imagine，suggest，advise，escape，miss，consider，mind等。语块积累admitdoingsth．/havingdonesth．承认做了某事admitsth．/that．．．承认/认可……admitsb．into．．．=allowsb．toenter．．．允许某人进人……；吸收某人参加……beadmittedto/into被（某校）录取；允许进入及时演练（1）语法填空①IstillrememberthreeyearsagowhenIwasadmitted__________thisschool．②Shecanalwaysputotherpeopleright，butwillneveradmit__________（make）anerrorherself．③Her__________（admit）toBeijingUniversitymadeherparentsveryhappy．（2）一句多译__________他承认违反了交通规则。①Headmitted__________thetrafficrules．②Headmitted__________thetrafficrules．③Headmitted__________thetrafficrules．2．occurvi．发生，出现*Andwhatacity—acitythatwasabletorebuilditselfaftertheearthquakethatoccurredin1906．这是一座什么样的城市，这是一座在1906年地震后得以重建的城市。*（2019•北京高考）Inaworldthatwarmsupby3°C，itfoundthatmultiplechangestothecolouroftheoceanswouldoccur．如果温度再上升3摄氏度，海洋的颜色就会发生各种各样的变化。*AgoodideaoccurredtomewhileIwaswatchingTV．我看电视时想到了一个好主意。*Itneveroccurstohimthatheshouldmakesuchgreatsuccessinteachingcareer．他从来没有想到他竟会在教学事业中获得如此巨大的成功。语块积累sth．occur（s）tosb．某人想到……浮现在某人的脑海中Itoccurstosb．todo/that从句某人想到……【巧学助记】图解occur【易混辨析】occur__________可指某事偶然发生，可与happen互换，但比较正式。表示“某人想到”时，用occur，后接介词tohappen__________vi．特指某事偶然发生。表示“某人发生了某事”，要用sth．happen（s）tosb．；happentodosth．表示“碰巧做某事”takeplace__________多指有计划、有目的、有步骤地发生，比如举办活动、发生变化等breakout__________多指自然灾害、战争、疾病的突然爆发以上这些表示“发生”的单词或短语都不能用于被动语态__________【想一想】表示“某人想到……”还可用哪些句型？及时演练（1）语法填空①It’sincrediblethattheideaoccurred__________himinadream．②Itneveroccurredtohim__________（ask）anyone．（2）选词填空（occur，happen，takeplace，breakout）①Theterriblewar____________________in1937．②What__________toyoulastnight？③Whenwillthewedding__________？④Itsuddenly__________tohimthathehadlefthiskeysintheoffice．3．usedtodo过去常常做*Thisdistrictusedtobeapoorareaoftown，butisnowacentreforart，music，andfood．这个地区过去是城市的贫困地区，但现在是艺术、音乐和食品中心。*Ineverusedtopayattentiontothepicturesonthewall．我过去从没注意过墙上的那些画。【难点点津】usedto◦有两个否定形式和两个疑问形式。一种直接使用used；一种借助于助动词did，如下：否定形式：usednottodo=usedn’ttododidnotusetodo=didn’tusetodo疑问形式：Used+主语+to+动词原形．．．？Did+主语+use+to+动词原形．．．？*Usedyourfathertodrinkalot？你父亲曾经喝酒很多吗？*Didn’theusetodrivetowork？他过去不曾开车上班吗？【易混辨析】usedtodosth．__________表示过去惯常化的动作或经常存在的状态，意为“过去常常做”beusedto（doing）sth．__________表示“习惯于……”，其中to为介词，后接（动）名词beusedtodosth．__________为被动语态，意为“被用来做某事”及时演练（1）选词填空（usedtodosth．，beusedto（doing）sth．，beusedtodosth．）①MrWhite__________liveinChina，sohe__________Chinesedishes．②Bamboocan__________buildhouses．（2）I__________，butIgaveupacoupleofyearsago．我以前抽烟，但几年前就戒掉了。（3）Ididn’tthinkIcouldever__________inabigcityafterlivinginthecountry．我觉得在农村住了之后，我不能适应大城市的生活。（4）I__________muchwhenwewereatschool．以前我们上学时，我并不太喜欢他。（5）Itcan__________almostanyemotion．它可用于几乎所有的情感表达。4．headto/for（朝……）前进；向……）去*Intheafternoon，IheadedtoalocalmuseumthatshowedthehistoricalchangesinCalifornia．下午，我前往当地的一家博物馆，这家博物馆展现了加利福尼亚的历史变迁。*ItisnotclearhowmanyofthemwillheadbacktoSaudiArabiatomorrow．尚不清楚他们当中有多少人明天将折回沙特阿拉伯。及时演练（1）Ifyouworkhardandnevergiveup，youwill____________________soonerorlater．如果你刻苦工作且从不放弃，你迟早会走向成功。（2）He__________thebusstop．他朝公交车站走去。5．seekone’sfortune寻找成功致富之路；闯世界*Over300，000peoplecamefromallovertheworldtoseektheirfortune，andSanFranciscoquicklybecameabigcity．来自世界各地的30多万人前来追求财富，旧金山很快就成为了一座大城市。双语共赏Youcan’thelpsomeonegetupahillwithoutgettingclosertothetopyourself．想要帮别人爬上山顶，你自己得先接近顶峰。*Weseektofindawaytomakeusgetalongwellwiththepeoplearoundus．词汇复现我们试图找一种方法使我们和周围的人相处融洽。*Manyyoungpeopleleavetheirhometowntoseektheirfortuneinbigcities．很多年轻人离开家乡到大城市寻找成功的机会。*FastergrowthisbecomingthenewtrendasChinaseekshigher-qualitydevelopment．在中国寻求更高质量发展的阶段，快速增长成为一个新的发展趋势。语块积累seekv．（sought，sought）寻求，寻找；追求；探求，探索；试图seektodosth．（正式）试图做某事seekone’sfortune寻找致富（或成功）的机会：seekafter/for追求，寻求seekout挑选出；找出及时演练语法填空（1）Don'tjustwaittobeinformed．Youshouldtrytoseek__________theinformationyouneed．（2）Localschoolsareseeking__________（reduce）thedropoutrate．（3）Chrisgaveuphishigh-payingjobinBeijingandtriedtoseek____________________（he）fortuneinhishometown．6．earnaliving谋生*Toearnaliving，someopenedupshopsandrestaurantsinChinatown．为了谋生，一些人在唐人街开办了商店和餐馆。*Hegotajobinanofficetoearnhisliving．他在一家事务所工作以谋生。*ThentheJohnsonshadtomakealivingwithoutthecow．于是约翰逊一家人不得不在没有奶牛的情况下谋生。*Savingagirlfromtheriverearnedhimagoodreputation．从河里营救了一个女孩为他赢得了好的名声。词汇复现即学适用（1）Sincehisparentsdiedearly，hehadto____________________whenhewasateenager．因双亲早亡，他十几岁的时候就不得不独自谋生。（2）Peopleoftheirvillage__________fromangorarabbitfarming．他们村的人都是靠伺养安哥拉兔挣大钱的。（3）Itishonorable____________________withyourhands．靠双手来养活自己是光荣的。7．bringabout导致；引起*Whatdoyouthinkbroughtabouttheculturaldiversity？你认为是什么导致了文化的多样性？*（2019•北京局考）Mooreisenthusiasticaboutthecandyshecreated，andshe’salsopositiveaboutwhatthefuturemightbring．穆尔对自己独创的糖果很热心，她对糖果可能的发展前景也很自信。*Mencius’fatherdiedwhenhewasyoung？andhewasbroughtupbyhismother．孟子很小的时候，他父亲就去世了，母亲把他抚养成人。*Hisworkbringshimin1，000dollarsamonth．他每月有1000美元的工作收入。*TheoutbreakofAfricanswinefeverlastyearhasbroughtdownthebreedingstockofpigsinChina．去年非洲猪瘟的爆发使得我国的生猪养殖数量下降。【难点点津】除bringabout外，常见的表示“引起，导致”的词汇还有：cause，resultin，leadto，contributeto等。语块积累bringup养育，抚养；提出；呕吐bringback带回；使想起bringdown降低；减少bringin引进；赚得，挣得bringout出版；阐明；使表现出及时演练用恰当的介、副词填空（1）ThefamousbasketballplayerLinShuhaowasbrought__________intheUS．（2）Whatbrought__________thechangeinhisattitude？（3）Thephotosbrought__________manypleasantmemories．（4）Canyoumakeasentencetobring__________themeaningofthephrase？8．claimvt．&n．夺取（生命）；宣称；断言*Over3，000liveswereclaimedinthe1906SanFranciscoearthquake．1906年的旧金山地震夺去了3000多人的生命。*Youcanclaimyourmoneybackifthegoodsaredamaged如果货物有损坏，你可以要求退款。*Itisclaimedthatsoappowderspollutethewaterwedrink．据说肥皂粉污染了我们的饮用水。*Youmaymakeaclaimonthefirmforthedamages．你可以向公司提出赔偿损失的要求。及时演练语法填空（1）Sofarnobody____________________（claim）thewalletdiscoveredintheclassroom．（2）Thescientistclaimed____________________（discover）anewkindofmedicine．（3）Shesaidthatshehadarightfulclaim__________theproperty．（4）It__________（claim）thathumourcanhelppatientsrecoverfaster．9．escapevi．&vt．逃走；逃脱；避开n．逃跑；逃脱；解脱*AftervisitingthesouthernpartofYunnan，IhavetoadmitthatitisthebestprovinceofChinatoescapethecoldwinter．在游览了云南南部之后，我必须承认它是中国最适合躲避寒冷冬天的省份。*（2019•天津高考）TheworldIonceknewasbeingsosimpleisbecomingmorecomplex，Ifindmyselfneedingawaytoescape．原来我认为很简单的世界现在变得愈发复杂了，我发现我得想法逃离它了。*Henarrowlyescapedbeingkilled．他险些丧命。*Theyescapedfromtheburninghouse．他们从着火的房屋中逃了出来。及时演练（1）Thedrivernarrowly__________inthetrafficaccident．这名司机在车祸中差一点被撞死。（2）Irememberseeinghimsomewherebefore，buthisname__________．我记得以前在某个地方见过他，但一时想不起他的名字。（3）句型转换①Shewasluckytoescapepunishment．→Shewasluckytoescape__________．②Henarrowlyescapedintheearthquake．→Hehad__________intheearthquake．10．ItislikelythatNativeAmericansmovedtoCaliforniaatleastfifteenthousandyearsago．美洲原住民很可能在至少一万五千年前迁往加州。【句式解构】Itislikelythat．．．为固定句式，意为“很可能……”。*Itisverylikelythatmyparentswillnotallowmetogo．我父母很可能不会让我去。*Ticketsarelikelytobeexpensive．入场券可能很贵。*Me？Goclimbing？Notlikely!我？去爬山？没门！及时演练（1）选词填空（likely，possible，probable）①Itis__________forhimtolendushiscar．②Weare__________tomakemistakeswhenlearningEnglish．③__________Itis__________thatitwillraintoday．Bringyourumbrellawithyou．（2）句型转换Itislikelythatsomepeoplewillsufferbackproblems．→Somepeople__________sufferbackproblems．11．1havetoadmitthatitdefinitelyfeelsgoodtobebackinthecityagain．我必须承认再次回到这座城市确实感觉很棒。【句式解构】本句中，it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的todo不定式tobebackinthecityagain。动词不定式作主语时，为了保持句子平衡，常用it作形式主语，而将真正的主语后置。常用于这个句型的形容词有easy，difficult，hard，important，possible等。*Itisdifficultforhertokeepabalancebetweenfamilyandwork．词汇复现她很难在家庭和工作之间保持平衡。*ItisnotpossibleforTomtorecoverinsuchashorttime．汤姆不可能在如此短的时间内恢复健康。【难点点津】it作形式主语时，真正的主语还可以由“动名词”或“从句”充当。*Hehadaninterestingattitudetocorrection—hesaiditdidn’tmatterwhetherwemademistakes．他对于纠正错误有一个有趣的态度——他说过我们是否出错并不要紧。*It’snoharmdrinkingrunningwaterinthatarea．在那个地区喝自来水是无害的。及时演练语法填空（1）Let’sgetoutquickly．It’snogood__________（waste）time．（2）__________issaidthattheticketshavebeensoldout．（3）It’sdifficultforme__________（memorize）alltheseEnglishwords．12．ManyofthepeoplelivingherearefromMexicoorCentra丨America．许多住在这里的人来自墨西哥或中美洲。【句式解构】本句中的livinghere为动词-ing形式短语作后置定语，修饰people，相当于一个定语从句wholivehere。动词-ing形式livinghere作后置定语，与被修饰词people之间是逻辑上的主谓关系。*Thechildstandingoverthereismybrother．站在那儿的孩子是我弟弟。*Iamonlyabletolookatnaturethroughdirtycurtainshangingbeforeverydustywindows．脏兮兮的窗帘悬挂在沾满灰尘的窗前，我只能透过它们观看大自然。*Therearemanyvolunteershelpingthefloodedareatoreturntonormal．=Therearemanyvolunteerswhoarehelpingthefloodedareatoreturntonormal．有很多志愿者在帮助遭遇洪灾的地区恢复正常。及时演练（1）Thepeople__________havemovedtootherareas．住在村子里的人们已经搬到其他地方了。（2）Whoisthegirl__________overthere？那边穿黄衬衫的女孩是谁？13．Iwalkedaroundlookingatthestreetartforafewhours．我在街上转了几个小时，欣赏街头艺术。【句式解构】lookingatthestreetart为现在分词短语作伴随状语。现在分词短语作伴随状语，表示伴随，所表示的动作与谓语动词同时发生，但与句子的主语是逻辑上的主谓关系。*Ihaveaverybusylifewithnotimetositaroundfeelingsorryformyself．我的生活很充实，没有时间闲坐着顾影自怜。*Laughingandtalking，theywentbackhome．他们有说有笑，回到了家。*Hesatatthetable，readingamagazine．他坐在桌子旁，读着一本杂志。及时演练（1）语法填空①Tonylentmethemoney，__________（hope）thatI’ddoasmuchforhim．②Allnightlonghelayawake，__________（think）oftheproblem．（2）句型转换①Allthestudentssatintheclassroom，andwaitedfortheirnewteacher．→Allthestudentssatintheclassroom，__________．__________．②Theyoungmanheldatorchinhishand，andclimbeduptothetopoftheclocktower．→__________，theyoungmanclimbeduptothetopoftheclocktower．一语闻天下1．Itcallsforeffortstolowertourismvenueprices，developmorediverseculturalandtourismproducts，includingvariousartperformancesandleisureagriculture．意见提出，继续推动景区门票降价，鼓励打造更多丰富的文化旅游演艺产品，发展休闲农业。2．Agrandeveninggalamarkingthe70thfoundinganniversaryofthePeople’sRepublicofChinastartedatTiananmenSquareindowntownBeijingTuesday．周二，庆祝中华人民共和国成立70周年联欢活动在北京天安门举行。3．EvenJapanhasnotescapedentirelythegrowingtrendtowardoverweightchildrenandchildhoodobesity．日本也未能完全摆脱超重和肥胖儿童日益增多的趋势。4．Talentdividendsbroughtaboutbyimprovededucationlevels，whichhavereplaceddemographicdividendsastheengineboostingeconomicgrowth，arebeginningtoemergeasasolidbaseforeconomicdevelopment．教育水平提升带来的人才红利已经取代人口红利成为拉动经济增长的引擎，并逐渐成为推动经济发展的重要基础。5．Anothercharacter，theDragonKing’sthirdsonAobing，isthemirrorimageofNezha’spersonality．Thoughbomasagod，healmostdestroysNezha’smythicalbirthplace，ChentangPass，inaselfishquesttorevivehisfamily’sfortunes．另一个人物龙王三太子敖丙是哪吒性格的镜像。虽然生而为神，但为了龙族复兴这个自私的目的，他几乎摧毁了哪吒的神秘出生地陈塘关。6．Anotherhighlyanticipatedfilm，TheCaptain，earned194millionyuantooccupysecondplaceontheboxofficecharts．另一部备受期待的电影《中国机长》以1．94亿元位居票房榜第二位。

参考答案1.1.diverse2.fortune3.cheese4.admit5.definitely6.occurred7.downtown8.Dic10.afterwards11.seek12.earn13.select14.diagram15.journal16.claim17.series18.escapeA.1.seekhisfortune2.openup3.findout4.moveto5.headedto6.earna/theirliving7.aseriesof8.bringabout9.apartfrom10.Thousandsof11.Inaddition12.usedto13.walkaround14.a