阅读理解专项训练二- 浙江高考英语总复习

浙江高考英语总复习-阅读理解专项训练二（附答案解析）ABritishsculptorJasonTaylorhasmadeithismissiontousehistalenttoconserveourecosystemsbycreatingunderwatermuseums.Overtheyears,theenvironmentalisthasputover850massiveartworksunderwaterworldwide.OnFebruary1,2021,Taylorlaunchedhislatestwork—TheUnderwaterMuseumofCannes.―Themaingoalwastobringattentiontothefactthatouroceansneedourhelp,‖TaylortoldDezeen.―OceanecologyhasbeendestroyedbyhumanactivityintheMediterraneanoverthepastfewdecades,anditisnotobviouswhatistakingplacewhenobservingtheseafromafar.‖TheUnderwaterMuseumofCannescontains6sculpturesfeaturinglocalresidentsofvariousages.TheyrangefromMaurice,an80-year-oldfisherman,toAnouk,a9-year-oldstudent.Toweringover6-feet-tallandweighing10tons,thefacesaresectionedintotwoparts,withtheouterpartlikeamask.Themaskindicatesthattheworld’soceansappearpowerfulandunbeatablefromthesurfacebuthouseanecosystemthatisextremelyfragiletocarelesshumanactivities.Thoughthewaterssurroundingthesculpturesnowappearapristineblue,theseabedwasfilledwitholdboatengines,pipes,andotherhuman-madetrashwhentheprojectbeganaboutfouryearsago.Besidesremovingthetrash,Tayloralsorestoredthearea’sseagrass.Justonesquaremeteroftheseagrasscangenerateupto10litersofoxygendaily.Theseagrassalsohelpspreventcoastalerosionandprovideshabitatsformanyoceancreatures.―Theideaofcreatinganunderwatermuseumwastodrawmorepeopleunderwateranddevelopasenseofcareandprotection,‖TaylortoldDezeen.―Ifwethrewunwantedwastenearaforest,therewouldbeapublicoutcry.Butthisishappeningeverydayinoursurroundingwatersanditlargelygoesunnoticed.1．Whydoestheouterpartofthesculptureslooklikeamask?A．Topopularizethefeaturesofthelocals.B．Toremindpeopletoprotectthemselves.C．Toreflectpeople’sprotectionoftheocean.D．Tostressthesensitivenessoftheecosystem.2．What’sparagraph4mainlyabout?A．Howtheprojectwasstarted.B．Howtheseagrasswasrestored.C．Whatrecoveryefforttheprojectmade.D．Whythesurroundingswereimproved.3．WhatcanweinferfromwhatJasonTaylorsaidinthelastparagraph?A．Thesituationoftheoceaniseasilyignored.B．Thedestructioncausedtotheoceanisnoticeable.C．Forestsplayamoreimportantroleinecosystems.D．Peoplehavezerotolerancetodamagedonetonature.4．Whatmightbethebesttitleforthetext?A．TheUnderwaterMuseum,alongwaytogo.B．TheUnderwaterMuseum,abigdifferencetothesea.C．TheUnderwaterMuseum,anappealtoconserveecosystems.D．TheUnderwaterMuseum,amasterpieceofJasonTaylor.BOlderadultswhosleepsixhoursorfeweranightmayhaveelevatedriskfordementia(痴呆症)andothercognitive(认知的)issues,anewstudyfinds.ResearchersatStanfordUniversitymeasuredseniors'(ages65to85)dementiariskandcognitiveabilities,findinghigherriskinthosepatientswhoregularlysleptsixorfewerhourscomparedtothosewhosleptsevenoreighthours.Thoseseniorswhosleptnineormorehoursalsohadlowercognitivefunctionsandotherhealthissues,buttheresearchersdidn'tfindthesamehighdementiariskinthisgroup.Thefindingsdemonstratehowimportantitisforadultstomaintainahealthysleepcycle,especiallyastheygetolder.Asadultsage,it'scommonfortheirsleeppatternstochangeorbecomedisrupted—leadingtolonger,shorter,ormoreirregularsleep.ThisdisruptionmaybelinkedtoAlzheimer'sandotherformsofdementia,impactingseniors'abilitytorememberinformation,problem-solve,andgothrougheverydaybehaviors.Sleepdisruptioncanalsobecausedbyorheightendepression,cardiovasculardisease（冠心病）,andotherconditions.Arecommendedsleeptimeforseniorsisseventoeighthours,theresearcherssaid.Sixorfewerhourscorrespondedtoshortsleep,whilenineormorehourscorrespondedtolongsleep.TheStanfordresearchersmeasuredlevelsofbetaamyloid,aproteininthebrainthatistypicallyfoundinhighlevelswhenapatientdevelopsAlzheimer's.Inaddition,theresearchersusedseveraltestsformemory,attention,spatialskills,andexecutivefunctiontoidentifypatients'cognitiveabilities.Thosepatientssleepingforsixhoursorfeweranightweremorelikelytodevelopdementia,theresearchersfound.Thelow-sleeppatientshadhigherlevelsofbetaamyloid.TheStanfordresearchersfoundthatpatientswithlowersleepalsoperformedworseonmemorytests,whilethosewithhighersleep(morehours)performedworseonexecutivefunctiontests，whichmeasurethebrain'sabilitytoswitchbetweendifferenttasks.―Themaintakeawayisthatitisimportanttomaintainhealthysleeplateinlife,WinertoldCNN.5．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“disrupted”inparagraph4mean?A．difficult B．disorderedC．dissolved D．different6．Accordingtothefindings,whichofthefollowingisNOTrelatedtothedisruptedsleep?A．Itismorelikelytocauseoldpeopletohavebadmemoriesoverissues.B．Itmaycontributetodementia,cardiovasculardiseaseandotherillnesses.C．Somedailybehaviorsperhapsdifferfromthosewhosesleepingisnormal.D．Ittendstobringalltheoldpeopletoundergobrainscansandcognitivetests.7．Whatcanweinferfromthestudy?A．Apropersleeptimeforseniorsisseventoeighthours.B．Lowandhighsleeppatientswerebothpooratmemorytests.C．Executivefunctiontestisappliedtomeasurethecapacityofbrain.D．Keepingahealthysleepforolderadultslateinlifeiscrucial.CAboyshiversintheharshOslowinter,patheticallywrappinghisarmsaroundhimselfonabusstopbench.Heisn'twearingacoatandtemperaturesintheNorwegiancapitalregularlyplungeto-10℃duringwinter.It’saheartbreakingscene,buttheactionsoftheordinarypeoplewhowitnessedthedilemmaof11-year-oldJohanneLonnestadFlaatenarebothjoyousandinspiring.Ayoungblondewomansittingnexttotheboynoticeshimrubbinghisarms.Sheimmediatelyaskshim:“Don'tyouhaveajacket?”“No,someonestoleit,”hereplies.Shequestionshimanddiscovershewasonaschooltripandwastoldtomeethisteacheratthebusstop.Sheaskshimthenameofhisschoolandwherehe'sfromassheselflesslydrapesherowncoataroundhisshoulders.Later,anotherolderwomanatfirstgiveshimherscarf,andthenwrapshiminherlargepaddedjacket.Throughouttheday,moreandmorepeopleofferedJohannestheirglovesandeventhecoatsofftheirbacksastheywaitedfortheirbus.Actually,Johanne'sdilemmawasahiddencameraexperimentbyNorwegiancharitySOSChildren’sVillage,aspartoftheirwintercampaigntogatherdonationstosendmuch-neededcoatsandblanketstohelpSyrianchildrengetthroughthewinter.Manyoftherefugeeshavelefttheirhomeswithoutwinterclothing.“PeopleshouldcareasmuchaboutchildreninSyriaastheycareaboutthisboy,”SynneRonning,theinformationheadofSOSChildren'sVillagesNorway,toldTheLocal.Shealsonotedthatthechildwasavolunteerwhowasneverinanydangerduringthefilming.8．WhatisthepurposeofthewintercampaignlaunchedbySOSChildren’sVillage?A．ToraisemoremoneyforSyrianchildreninwinter.B．TocarryoutascientificexperimentforSyrianchildren.C．TocollectwinterclothingforSyrianchildren.D．TomakeSOSChildren’sVillagebetter-known.9．Accordingtothetext,whichofthefollowingstatementsisn’ttrue?A．Peopleofferedhelptothechildwhilewaitingforthebus.B．OsloisthecapitalofNorway,wherewintercanberathercold.C．People’sreactiontoJohanne'sdilemmawasveryinspiring.D．Theyoungblondewomanwrappedtheboyinherjacketthemomentshenoticedhim.10．WhatcanwelearnabouttheboynamedJohannefromthetext?A．Hewastoonervoustoperformwell. B．Hewastoopoortobuyacoat.C．Hedidtheexperimentforfree. D．Hetookariskintheexperiment.DCulturalexchangesandcooperationbetweenCambodiaandChinahavebeendevelopingrapidlysincetheannouncementoftheBeltandRoadInitiative.ChinahasdonatedmillionsofdollarstohelpwiththerestorationofAngkorWat（吴哥窟）,shoulderingmoreresponsibilityforworldheritageprotection.Cambodia'sAngkorWatwaslistedasaWorldHeritagesitein1992andChinabegantherestorationin2000.Mostofthe98templeswerecompletedby2013.LiuJiangisfromtheChineserestorationteam.HesaystherestorationworkattheChauSayTevodaTemplehasbeenpraisedbytheCambodianside.CambodiahopestheycandomorerestorationworkforotherhistoricsitesofAngkorWatinthefuture.PhaySiphan,spokesmanfortheCambodianCouncilofMinisters,saysthesuccessfulrestorationoftheChauSayTevodaTempleshowsthatChinaisnotonlyinfluentialintheeconomicandpoliticalfield,butalsointheculturalfields.Now,theWorldHeritageSiteisapopulardestinationforChinesetourists.Sofar,ChinahasovertakenVietnamtobecomethelargestsourceoftouriststoCambodia.Cambodialauncheda"ChinaReady"strategyin2016,withtheaimofattractingmoreChinesetourists.Thecountryreceivedabout1millionChinesetouristslastyear,anditaimstodoublethenumberofChinesetouriststo2millionby2020.ManytouristssaycultureistheirreasonforvisitingCambodia.Ashowcalledthe"SmileofAngkor",whichwascreatedbybothChineseandCambodianartists,hasbeenonshowsince2010inCambodia.ItwassponsoredbytheChineseMinistryofCultureandtheCambodianMinistryofCulture.Sofar,ithasbeenperformedmorethan1,000times,andseenbyoveramillionaudiencemembers.11．WhichofthefollowingistrueabouttheWorldHeritageSiteAngkorWatinCambodia?A．TheChineserestorationworkofAngkorWatiswellreceived.B．ChinahashelpedCambodiarestoreallthetemplesofAngkorWatsofar.C．ChinesevisitorstouredCambodia’sAngkorWatforthe“ChinaReady”strategy.D．The“SmileofAngkor“isaimedtoraisemorefundsfortherepairworkofAngkorWat.12．WhatdoesPhaySiphanthinkofChina’sroleintheglobalfields?A．Rewarding B．SignificantC．Challenging D．Trustworthy13．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“overtake”inthelastparagraphbutonemean?A．Gofasterthan B．DoawaywithC．Getalongwith D．Becomegreaterinquantitythan14．What’sthepassagemainlyabout?A．Cambodia’sAngkorWatisunderrepair.B．CambodiatriesherbesttoattractChinesevisitors.C．ChinaandCambodiacooperatetoprotectAngkorWat.D．CulturalexchangesandcooperationbetweenChinaandCambodiaarepromising.参考答案1．D2．C3．A4．C【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了Taylor创建水下博物馆的初衷以及该项目所造成的积极影响。1．推理判断题。根据第三段“Themaskindicatesthattheworld’soceansappearpowerfulandunbeatablefromthesurfacebuthouseanecosystemthatisextremelyfragiletocarelesshumanactivities.（这张面具表明，世界上的海洋表面上看起来强大而不可战胜，但却包含着一个对粗心的人类活动极其脆弱的生态系统。）”可知雕塑的外部看起来像一个面具是为了强调生态系统的敏感性。故选D。2．主旨大意题。根据第四段“Besidesremovingthetrash,Tayloralsorestoredthearea’sseagrass.Justonesquaremeteroftheseagrasscangenerateupto10litersofoxygendaily.Theseagrassalsohelpspreventcoastalerosionandprovideshabitatsformanyoceancreatures.（除了清除垃圾，泰勒还修复了该地区的海草。一平方米的海草每天可以产生10升的氧气。海草还有助于防止海岸侵蚀，为许多海洋生物提供栖息地。）”可知第四段主要讲了项目做出了哪些恢复努力。故选C。3．推理判断题。根据最后一段“TaylortoldDezeen.―Ifwethrewunwantedwastenearaforest,therewouldbeapublicoutcry.Butthisishappeningeverydayinoursurroundingwatersanditlargelygoesunnoticed.（泰勒告诉Dezeen。如果我们在森林附近扔多余的废物，会引起公众的强烈抗议。但在我们周围的水域，这种情况每天都在发生，而且基本上没有人注意到。）”可推断出海洋的情况很容易被忽视。故选A。4．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“BritishsculptorJasonTaylorhasmadeithismissiontousehistalenttoconserveourecosystemsbycreatingunderwatermuseums.（英国雕刻家杰森·泰勒(JasonTaylor)将利用自己的才能创建水下博物馆作为自己的使命来保护我们的生态系统。）”可知，本文主要讲的是Taylor创建水下博物馆的初衷以及该项目所造成的积极影响，因此最好的题目是C选项TheUnderwaterMuseum,anappealtoconserveecosystems.（水下博物馆呼吁保护生态系统），故选C。5．B6．D7．D【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了研究表明，老年人睡得太少或太多都会加速大脑退化。5．词义猜测题。根据文章第四段第一句划线词后文“leadingtolonger,shorter,ormoreirregularsleep.（导致更长、更短或更不规律的睡眠）”可推测划线词disrupted为“紊乱的”，A.difficult困难的；B.disordered紊乱的；C.dissolved解散；D.different不同的。故选B项。6．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“ThisdisruptionmaybelinkedtoAlzheimer'sandotherformsofdementia,impactingseniors'abilitytorememberinformation,problem-solve,andgothrougheverydaybehaviors.Sleepdisruptioncanalsobecausedbyorheightendepression,cardiovasculardisease（冠心病）,andotherconditions.（睡眠紊乱可能和老年痴呆症或其他类型的痴呆症有关，影响着老年人记忆信息、解决问题的能力，并会影响日常行为）可知，根据调查结果D选项：Ittendstobringalltheoldpeopletoundergobrainscansandcognitivetests.（它倾向于让所有老年人接受脑部扫描和认知测试）没有提及到。故选D。7．推理判断题。根据文章第二段的“ResearchersatStanfordUniversitymeasuredseniors'(ages65to85)dementiariskandcognitiveabilities,findinghigherriskinthosepatientswhoregularlysleptsixorfewerhourscomparedtothosewhosleptsevenoreighthours.Thoseseniorswhosleptnineormorehoursalsohadlowercognitivefunctionsandotherhealthissues（斯坦福大学的研究人员测量了老年人（65至85岁）患痴呆症的风险和认知能力，发现经常睡6小时或更少的患者比睡7小时或8小时的患者患痴呆症的风险更高。睡眠时间在9小时或以上的老年人也有较低的认知功能和其他健康问题）”和最后一段的“Themaintakeawayisthatitisimportanttomaintainhealthysleeplateinlife（主要的收获是，晚年保持健康的睡眠很重要）”可推知，老人晚年保持健康的睡眠至关重要。故选D项。8．C9．D10．C【分析】这是一篇记叙文。本文通过人们帮助一个志愿者小男孩的故事，呼吁人们关注叙利亚的孩子。8．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Actually,Johanne'sdilemmawasahiddencameraexperimentbyNorwegiancharitySOSChildren’sVillage,aspartoftheirwintercampaigntogatherdonationstosendmuch-neededcoatsandblanketstohelpSyrianchildrengetthroughthewinter.(事实上，乔安娜的困境是挪威慈善机构SOS儿童村的一个隐藏相机实验，作为他们冬季活动的一部分，收集捐款，为叙利亚儿童送去急需的外套和毯子，以帮助他们度过冬天)”可知，SOS儿童村冬季活动的目的是为叙利亚儿童收集冬装。故选C。9．细节理解题。根据第三段“Ayoungblondewomansittingnexttotheboynoticeshimrubbinghisarms.Sheimmediatelyaskshim:“Don'tyouhaveajacket?”“No,someonestoleit,”hereplies.Shequestionshimanddiscovershewasonaschooltripandwastoldtomeethisteacheratthebusstop.Sheaskshimthenameofhisschoolandwherehe'sfromassheselflesslydrapesherowncoataroundhisshoulders.(坐在男孩旁边的一个年轻的金发女人注意到他在搓胳膊。她马上问他：“你没有夹克吗？”“没有，有人把它偷走了，”他回答。她询问了他，发现他参加了学校的旅行，并被告知要在公交车站接他的老师。她问他学校的名字和他来自哪里，她无私地把自己的外套披在他的肩膀上)”可知，D选项“年轻的金发女人一注意到男孩，就用她的夹克把他包了起来”不正确。故选D。10．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Shealsonotedthatthechildwa