高考英语【知识梳理+点播拓展】阅读理解技巧 （语言知识与技能类）课件

得高分得阅读者AnEnglishpaper（150points）Readingcomprehension:50pointsIsthatyou?

文章好长,生词好多啊，看不下去！！！2.我很认真地看啊，但看完后还是不知道它在讲什么！3.我看懂了，可我就是做不对！4.我排除了两个答案，2选1时老选错！5.速度慢，来不及，最后只能猜了！6.检查时改错了好几题！Whatdoweneedinreading?词汇语法语篇理解解题技巧+++☻读懂词汇≠读懂文章☻基于语言知识，分析文本，把握主旨结构，是理解语篇的关键☻解题技巧锦上添花浙江省普通高考考试说明中关于阅读理解的要求考生能读懂书、报、杂志、网络中关于一般性话题的短文以及公告、说明、广告（生词量不超过3%).考生应能：理解主旨和要义；2.理解文中具体信息；3.根据上下文推断生词的词义；作出判断和推理；理解文章的基本结构；6.理解作者的意图、观点和态度。Readingcomprehension1、细节理解题(detailquestions)2、词义猜测题(meaningguessingquestions)3、推理判断题(inferencequestions)4、主旨大意题(mainideaquestions)5.篇章结构题（structurequestions)1.Detailquestions

属浅层理解，一般可直接或间接找出答案。解题方法：原文定位法/查读法Ceely’snearmissmadethenewsbecausesheblameditontheGPS(导航仪).Shehadneverdriventheroutebefore.Itwasdarkandrainingheavily.CeelywasrelyingonherGPS,butitmadenomentionofthecrossing.“Iputmycompletetrustinthedeviceanditledmerightintothepathofaspeedingtrain,”shetoldtheBBC.1.WhatdidPaulaCeelythinkwasthecauseofheraccident？A.Shewasnotfamiliarwiththeroad.B.Itwasdarkandrainingheavilythen.C.Therailwayworkersfailedtogivethesignal.D.HerGPSdevicedidn’ttellheraboutthecrossing.答非所问自相矛盾OneeveninginFebruary2007,astudentnamedPaulaCeelybroughthercartoastoponaremoteroadinWales.Shegotouttoopenametalgatethatblockedherpath.That’swhensheheardthewhistlesoundedbythedriverofatrain.HerRenaultCliowasparkedacrossarailwayline.Secondslater,shewatchedthetraindraghercaralmostakilometerdowntherailwaytracks.Whoistoblamehere?RickStevenson,whotellsCeely’sstoryinhisbookWhenMachinesFailUs,pointsthefingeratthelimitationsoftechnology.Weputourfaithindigitaldevices,hesays,butourdigitalhelpersaretoooftennotuptothejob.Theyarefilledwithsmallproblems.Andit’snotjustGPSdevices:Stevensontakesusonatourofdigitaldisastersinvolvingeverythingfrommobilephones..3.WhichofthefollowingwouldRickStevensonmostprobablyagreewith?A.Moderntechnologyiswhatwecan’tlivewithout.B.Digitaltechnologyoftenfallsshortofourexpectation.C.Digitaldevicesaremorereliablethantheyusedtobe.D.GPSerrorisnottheonlycauseforCeely’saccident.无中生有无中生有张冠李戴2.Inferencequestions属深层理解，要求透过现象看本质.1、因果推测题2、人物性格、态度推测题3、预测想象(上下文）推测题4、写作意图推测题5、文章来源、读者对象推测题inferimplyindicatesuggest客观判断是标准直接陈述不可选排除方法可帮忙细细追查情感词IfNASA’snotpayingOberg,perhapsitcouldputthemoneytogoodusebyhiringtwobigguystodragNeilArmstrongoutofthehouse.Armstrongisanextremelyprivateman,butheisalsothefirstmanonthemoon,somaybehehasadutytobeabitmoreoutspokenabouttheexperience.OrNASAcouldjustbuyAldrinacommemorateplaque（纪念匾）forhisrecenttouchonthefaceofMrX.9.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.NASAshouldnothavebotheredwiththenon-believers.B.Armstrongwasaveryprivateanddeterminedperson.C.ArmstrongshouldhavebeenasoutspokenasBuzzAldrin.D.NASAshouldsendmoreastronautstoouterspace.自相矛盾

Onceuponatime,

--July20,1969,tobeexact,twomengotout…IfNASA’snotpayingOberg,perhapsitcouldputthemoneytogoodusebyhiringtwobigguystodragNeilArmstrongoutofthehouse.Armstrongisanextremelyprivateman,butheisalsothefirstmanonthemoon,somaybehehasadutytobeabitmoreoutspokenabouttheexperience.OrNASAcouldjustbuyAldrinacommemorateplaque（纪念匾）forhisrecenttouchonthefaceofMrX.10.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribethetoneofthispassage?A.Matter-of-factB.PessimisticC.HumorousD.Friendlyoptimisticpessimistic（悲观的）

negativepassivepositivesubjectiveobjective（客观的）

Neutral中立的indifferent漠不关心的

criticalironic（讽刺的）approvaldisapprovalopposedDoyouknowthesewords?TIPS

Putyourselfinthewriter’sshoes!判断有据，推论有理，忠实原文,杜绝主观。原句最重要其次上下句3.Meaningguessingquestions解题思路：代入替换法OneeveninginFebruary2007,astudentnamedPaulaCeelybroughthercartoastoponaremoteroadinWales.Shegotouttoopenametalgatethatblockedherpath.That’swhensheheardthewhistlesoundedbythedriverofatrain.HerRenaultCliowasparkedacrossarailwayline.Secondslater,shewatchedthetraindraghercaralmostakilometredowntherailwaytracks.Ceely’snearmissmadethenewsbecausesheblameditontheGPS(导航仪).Shehadneverdriventheroutebefore.Itwasdarkandrainingheavily.CeelywasrelyingonherGPS,butitmadeno..2.Thephrase“nearmiss”canbestbereplacedby______.closehit

B.heavyloss

C.narrowescape

D.bigmistake4.mainideaquestions文章标题☻☻主旨大意题解题思路：主题段定位法段落大意题解题思路：主题句定位法

主旨大意题/段落大意题标题选择“三原则”：1、概括性（关键词-精准）2、深刻性3、醒目性把握文章体裁，分析结构特点，提高篇章理解能力，抓文章主旨记叙文——按事件的发生、发展、结局展开夹叙夹议文--描述事情,发表议论/阐明道理

(分-总）议论文——论点、论据、结论（总-分-总）说明文——导语（探讨问题）-分析问题(说明背景，过程）-结论（说明结果）（总-分-总）应用文——提供信息，缩略词，语法简略，

先题后文，跳读，查读法

主题段在文首-议论文(总-分-总)，说明文（总-分-总），新闻报导2.主题段在文尾–

夹叙夹议（分-总）3.主题段在文中–

引题-主题-解释主题句往往位于段首，段尾，偶有段中主题段+主题句定位法Thegamebetweenhumansandtheirsmartdevicesisamusingandcomplex.Itisshapedbyeconomicsandpsychologyandthecultureswelivein.Somewhereinthemixofthoseforcestheremaybeawayforawiseruseoftechnology.5.Whatistherealconcernofthewriterofthisarticle?A.Themajorcausesoftrafficaccidentsandcarthefts.B.Therelationshipbetweenhumanandtechnology.C.Theshortcomingsofdigitaldevicesweuse.D.Thehumanunawarenessoftechnicalproblems.以偏概全

干扰选项“四宗罪”：无：无中生有答非所问

反：自相矛盾因果倒置偏：以偏概全范围扩大或缩小多了/少了定语或状语混：张冠李戴

正确答案的特征：

1、原则：同义替换

2、语气：正确选项中经常含有不确定语气词，如：might,may,possibly,belikelyto,should,usually,could

等绝对词否定法：含must,only,never,hardly,completely,no,always等绝对词的通常不是正确答案

3、锅盖法：概括性，深刻性地表达中心1112131415PracticeTimeImaginethatsomeoneinyourneighborhoodbrokethelaw,andajudgeputthewholeneighborhoodundersuspicion.Howfairwouldthatbe?Well,ithappenseverydaytohighschoolers.Justbecausesomestudentshavestolenthingsinshops,allofusaretreatedlikeshoplifters.EventhoughI’dneversteal,storeemployeeslookatmelikeI’msomekindofcriminalmastermind.11.Shoplifters(Paragraph1)referto

.A.theneighborsB.thievesC.employeesD.storeowners猜测词义题

Forexample.Duringonelunchperiod,myfriendDannyandIwenttotheGrabs‘n’GoonTuesday.Wearrivedtofindalineofstudentswaitingoutside.Anewsigninthewindowtoldthestory：“NOMORETHANTWOSTUDENTSATATIME.”After15minutes,wefinallygotin,butthestoremanagerlaidtheevileyeonus.Iaskedhimaboutthenewsign,andhesaid,“Youkidsareliftingtoomuchstuff.”Youkids?Toomuchstuff!Notonlywereweassumedtobeshoplifters,butbrilliant,greedyshoplifters!12.ThemanageroftheGrab‘n’Gothoughtthat

.A.peoplemightbeangryabouttheliningupB.theshopmightbeover-crowdedC.studentsmightstealthingsD.kidsshouldbeaccompaniedbytheirparents事实细节题

Youknow,thiskindofprejudicecangobothways.

IworkattheCDCrib,andeverydayIseeadultscommitaterriblecrime.Theyputonasetofheadphonesandsortofdancetothemusic.Talkaboutbad!Tomorrow,I’mgoingtoputasigninthewindow:“NOMORETHANTWOADULTSLISTENTINGTOMUSICATATIME.”13.Bysaying“thiskindofprejudicecangobothways”,thewriterintendsto

.A.putupanoticetopreventadultsfromcommittingacrimeB.encourageadultstolistentoCDsbeforetheybuythemC.stopadultsfromtalkingbadthingswheninCDstoresD.accuseadultsinthesamewayastheydidtowardstheboys推理判断题Themostannoyingthing,though,isthewayemployeeswatchmyfriendsandme.It’salmoststrangeandfrightening.Once,atadrugstore,Iwentdownanaisleandfoundaguystandingonabox,stockingtheshelves.Hewaswatchingmyhands,whichwereempty.Hegotdownoffhisboxandrushedoff,asifhewasgoingtogetthestoremanager.Howcrazyisthat?14.Whatisthetoneofthewriter?A.angryB.sadC.pleasedD.excited推理判断题TheGrab‘n’Goisn’tanisolatedcase.Earlierthisyear,adepartmentstoreworkertoldmetoleavemybackpackatthefrontofthestore.WhenIaskedwhowasgoingtokeepaneyeonmystuff,shesaid,“Don’tworry.Itisn’tgoinganywhere.”Inotherwords,Ihadtorisklosingmystuffsothatthestorewouldn’thavetorisklosingtheirs.“Don’tworry,“Ireplied,“Idon’tneedtoshophereanymore.”15.Howdoesthewriterdevelophisargument?A.ByexamplesB.ByclassificationC.BycomparisonandcontrastD.Bycauseandeffect篇章结构题篇章结构题：考查文章的结构考查对文章的写作手法，修辞手段的赏析能力Howis