英语16种时态-讲解

英语16种时态-讲解英语16种时态-讲解英语16种时态-讲解xxx公司英语16种时态-讲解文件编号：文件日期：修订次数：第1.0次更改批准审核制定方案设计，管理制度第2章动词的时态概念:时态是英语谓语动词的一种形式,表示动作发生的时间和所处的状态.英语中的时态是通过动词形式本身的变化来实现的.英语有16种时态,但中学阶段较常用的有十种:一般现在时,一般过去时,一般将来时,过去将来时,现在进行时,过去进行时,将来进行时,过去完成时,英在完成时和现在完成进行时.将来完成时1）构成willhavedone2）概念a.状态完成：表示某事继续到将来某一时为止一直有的状态。例如：Theywillhavebeenmarriedfor20yearsbythen.到那时他们结婚将有二十年了。b.动作完成：表示将来某一时或另一个将来的动作之前，已经完成的动作或获得的经验。例如：YouwillhavereachedShanghaibythistimetomorrow.明天此时，你已经到达上海了现在进行时现在进行时的基本用法：a.表示现在（指说话人说话时）正在发生的事情。例如：Wearewaitingforyou.我们正在等你。b.习惯进行：表示长期的或重复性的动作，说话时动作未必正在进行。例如：Mr.Greeniswritinganothernovel.他在写另一部小说。（说话时并未在写，只处于写作的状态。）c.表示渐变，这样的动词有：get,grow,become,turn,run,go,begin等。例如：Theleavesareturningred.叶子在变红。It'sgettingwarmerandwarmer.天越来越热了。d.与always,constantly,forever等词连用，表示反复发生的动作或持续存在的状态，往往带有说话人的主观色彩。例如：Youarealwayschangingyourmind.你老是改变主意。过去进行时1）概念：表示过去某时正在进行的状态或动作。2）过去进行时的主要用法是描述一件事发生的背景；一个长动作延续的时候，另一个短动作发生。3）常用的时间状语有thismorning,thewholemorning,alldayyesterday,fromninetotenlastevening,when,while等。例如：Mybrotherfellwhilehewasridinghisbicycleandhurthimself.我兄弟骑车时摔了下来，受了伤。Itwasrainingwhentheyleftthestation.他们离开车站时，正下着雨。WhenIgottothetopofthemountain,thesunwasshining.我到达山顶时，阳光灿烂。将来进行时1）概念：表示将来某时进行的状态或动作，或按预测将来会发生的事情。例如：She'llbecomingsoon.她会很快来的。I'llbemeetinghimsometimeinthefuture.将来我一定去见他。注意：将来进行时不用于表示"意志"，不能说I'llbehavingatalkwithher.2）常用的时间状语有soon,tomorrow,thisevening，onSunday,bythistime，tomorrow,intwodays,tomorrowevening等。例如：Bythistimetomorrow,I'llbelyingonthebeach.明天此时，我正躺在海滩上呢。15.一般现在时代替一般将来时When,while,before,after,till,once,assoonas,solongas,bythetime,if,incase（that）,unless,evenif,whether,themoment,theminute,theday,theyear,immediately等引导的时间状语从句，条件句中，用一般现在时代替将来时。例如：HeisgoingtovisitherauntthedayhearrivesinBeijing.他一到北京，就去看他姨妈。16.一般现在时代替一般过去时1）"书上说"，"报纸上说"等。例如：Thenewspapersaysthatit'sgoingtobecoldtomorrow.报纸上说明天会很冷的。2）叙述往事，使其生动。例如：Napoleon'sarmynowadvancesandthegreatbattlebegins.拿破仑的军队正在向前挺进，大战开始了17.一般现在时代替现在完成时1）有些动词用一般现在时代替完成时，如hear,tell,learn,write,understand,forget,know,find,say,remember等。例如：Ihear（=haveheard）hewillgotoLondon.我听说了他将去伦敦。Iforget（=haveforgotten）howoldheis.我忘了他多大了。2）用句型"Itis…since…"代替"Ithasbeen…since…"。例如：Itis（=hasbeen）fiveyearssincewelastmet.从我们上次见面以来，五年过去了。18.一般现在时代替现在进行时。在Herecomes…/Theregoes…等句型里，用一般现在时代替现在进行时。例如：Theregoesthebell.铃响了。19.现在进行时代替将来时1）表示即将发生的或预定中计划好的活动。例如：Areyoustayingwithusthisweekend和我们一起度周末好吗

Weareleavingsoon.我们马上就走。2）渐变动词，如get,run,grow,become,begin以及瞬间动词die等。例如：Heisdying.他要死了。20.时态一致1）如果从句所叙述的为真理或相对不变的事实，则用现在时。例如：Atthattime,peopledidnotknowthattheearthmoves.那时，人们不知道地球是动的。Hetoldmelastweekthatheiseighteen.上星期他告诉我他十八岁了。2）宾语从句中的，助动词ought,need,must,dare的时态是不变的。例如：HethoughtthatIneednottellyouthetruth.他认为我不必告诉你真相。三.巩固练习:1、I’llgivethebooktohimassoonashe________back.

2、Hasthebaby________cryingyet

(stop)

3、Idon’tknowwhetherMother

__________metoBeijingnextmonth.(take)

4、She_______onhercoatandwentout.(put)

5、“Whataretheydoing”

“They

__________readyforthesportsmeeting.”(get)

6、Theboyaskedhismother________himgoandplaybasketball.(let)

7、I’msorrytokeepyou____________foralongtime.(wait)

8、It________(take)himhalfanhour

_______(finish)hishomeworkyesterday.

9、Ifit________aninterestingfilm,we’llseeittomorrow.(be)

10、Theyusually________(do)theirhomeworkaftersupper.

11、Listen!Who_____________(sing)inthenextroomnow?

12、__________(be)yourparentsinShanghailastyear?

13、Mr.Yu_____________(teach)usmathssince1982.

14、TheywillhaveatriptotheGreatWallifit_________(notrain)tomorrow.

15、LiMingoften_________(listen)totheradiointhemorning.

16、A:“Father,mayIgooutandplayfootball”

B:“_____you____(do)yourhomework”

17、Allthepeopleinthetownareglad______(hear)thatafamousmusician

___aconcertthisSaturdayevening.(give)

18、Ourteachertoldusifit_____(notsnow)wewouldvisittheScienceMuseumthenextday.

19、Theyoften

_______(play)footballintheafternoon.

20、A:What’reyoudoingDad

B:I

_______

(mend)theradio.21、Let’s_______(carry)theboxestothehouse.

22、Yesterdayshe______

(want)verymuchtoseethefilm,butshecouldn’t

__(get)aticket.

23、I_________(write)toyouassoonasIgettoShanghai.

24、Mike___________(visit)severalplacessincehecametoBeijing.

25、He___________(write)fourletterstohiswifeeverymonth.

26、Don’tmakeanynoise,Grandma

___________

(sleep).

27、Hisaunt___________(do)somecookingwhenhecamein.

28、Whenthey

___________

(reach)thestation,thetrainhadalreadyleft.

29、There

___________

(be)ameetingnextMonday.

30、We___________(know)eachothersinceourboyhood..

31、Sometimesmyfather___________(come)backhomelate.

32、They___________(have)anEnglisheveningnextweek.

33、I’mveryglad___________(hear)that.

34、WeiFangisn’there.She___________(go)tothereading-room.

35、Thestory___________(happen)longago.

36、They___________(visit)theHistoryMuseumlastweek.

37、ZhangHong___________(make)manyfriendssinceshecametoParis.

38、She___________(go)tothecinemawithherclassmatestomorrowevening.

39、Stayhere,bag.Don’tgoout.It___________(rain)now.

40、LiPing___________(write)acompositioneveryweek.

41、Thescientist___________(give)usatalkyesterday.

42、Myparents___________(live)inBeijingsince1949.

43、Look!Theyoungworker___________(show)thestudentsaroundthefactorynow.

44、They___________(build)anewbridgeovertherivernextyear.

45、Thestudents___________(clean)theirclassroomtomorrow.46、Thewindowsofourlab___________(clean)onceaweek.

47、Ourteacher___________