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CHAPTER9ORGANIZATIONALDESIGN&LEARNINGCHAPTER9ORGANIZATIONALDESIGNOrganizationalDesign&LearningOrganizationalStructureOrganizationalOrganiza-tionallearning⊕
people⊕
documents⊕
competition⊕Environments⊕
Computernetworks⊕publishedinformationReactionstoDeclineDownsizingCorebusinessMergersAlliancesDifferentculturalresponsesTextACo’senvironmentsincludeItspublics,suppliers,anddistributionchannelsOrganizationalDesign&Learni2INTRODUCTION(Continued)
TheFirmandItsPublicsGovernmentPublicCitizen-ActionPublicMediaPublicFinancialPublicGeneralPublicLocalPublicTheFirmINTRODUCTION(Continued)
TheF3Reading1#BuildingaCoreCompetence
(continued)※theimplicationofbuildingacorecompetence;※waystobuildacorecompetence;※waysofdeterminingacorecompetence;
whetherithelpsacompanygetintoawidevarietyofmarkets;
whetheritaddssomethingimportanttothefinalproduct;
shouldbedifficultforcompetitorstoimitateorcopy;Reading1#BuildingaCoreComp4CorecompetenceProvideconsumerbenefitsNoteasyforcompetitorstoimitateLeveragedwidelytomanyproductsandmarkets.CorecompetenceCorecompetenceProvideconsume5CorecompetenceTheDiversifiedCorporation有些公司的房子很好看，但地基不稳，一有大风就倒了.-------马云CorecompetenceTheDiversified6READING#2
KnowledgeisEverybody’sBusiness◆featuresofaknowledge-creatingcompany:※notaspecializedactivity;※thejobofeveryone;※workers’ideasbecomeapartofthenewinformation;※uppermanagementtocoordinatetheideas.READING#2
KnowledgeisEveryb7
READING#2(CONTINUED)BenchmarkingUnrelatedbusinessesSeniorManagersMiddleManagersWorkersR&DPastexperienceSourcesofNewKnowledgeSourcesofNewKnowledgeREADING#2(CONTINUED)Benchma8READING#2(CONTINUED)Nowfillintheblankswiththeappropriateword.Trynottorepeatthesameword.Sometimes,theappropriatewordmaynotbeonthelist:learningcompany setting crucialproduction method newknowledgecontinually create generate operatedistribute doresearch informationlevel produceREADING#2(CONTINUED)Nowfill9READING#2(CONTINUED)Ifacompanywantstobecompetitive,itmust
continually
create
newknowledge
.Thisshouldhappenatevery
level
,fromthelowesttothehighest.Inotherwords,the
production
of
new
knowledge
iseverybody’sbusiness.Teamsprovideagood
setting
fornewideas.Theyallowpeopletoexchangeideasfreely.Oncenewknowledgeis
created
,itiscrucialto
distribute
ittotherestofthecompany.READING#2(CONTINUED)Ifacom10READING#2(CONTINUED)Spreading
newknowledgeisoneoftherolesofuppermanagement.Newknowledgeis
generated
inmanyways.Traditionally,acompanyhasanR&Ddepartmentthat
doesresearch
.Buttherearemanyothersourcesandmanykindsofknowledge.Theseincludenewproductsandnew
methods
ofproducingthem.Inthefuture,everysuccessfulcompanywillbealearning
company
.Itschiefbusinesswillbe
producing
new
knowledge.READING#2(CONTINUED)Spreadin11KEYTOEXERCISES管理学专业英语chapter9-ORGANIZATIONAL-DESIGN课件12Intro.EXERCISE#2.Whatkindsofrawmaterialswouldyouneedtomanufacturethefollowingproducts?
Furniture: wood,metal,leather,plastic,glassOfficeequipment: wood,metal,leather,plastic,glassCarsandtrucks: metal,rubber,glass,leather,glassIntro.EXERCISE#2.Whatkinds13
Company
CoreCompetenceProductsHondaelectronicsmaps-nav.systems,enginemaintenanceToyotaelectronicdisplaysystemsmaps-nav.systems,enginemaintenanceCasioelectronicscalculators,monitors,MiniatureTVs,cardashboardsCanonopticscopiers,cameras,imagescannersAsyouread,lookforthisinformationandfillintheblankboxes:EXERCISEEXERCISEEXERCISESTOREADING#1
CompanyCoreCompetencePro14EXERCISESTOREADING#2
KnowledgeisEverybody’sBusiness
Ifacompanywantstobecompetitive,itmust
continually
create
newknowledge
.Thisshouldhappenatevery
level
,fromthelowesttothehighest.Inotherwords,the
production
of
new
knowledge
iseverybody’sbusiness.Teamsprovideagood
setting
fornewideas.EXERCISESTOREADING#2
Knowle15EXERCISESTOREADING#2
KnowledgeisEverybody’sBusinessTheyallowpeopletoexchangeideasfreely.Oncenewknowledgeis
created
,itiscrucialto
distribute
ittotherestofthecompany.Spreading
newknowledgeisoneoftherolesofuppermanagement.Newknowledgeis
generated
inmanyways.EXERCISESTOREADING#2
Knowle16EXERCISESTOREADING#2
KnowledgeisEverybody’sBusinessTraditionally,acompanyhasanR&Ddepartmentthat
doesresearch
.Buttherearemanyothersourcesandmanykindsofknowledge.Theseincludenewproductsandnew
methods
ofproducingthem.Inthefuture,everysuccessfulcompanywillbealearning
company
.Itschiefbusinesswillbe
producing
new
knowledge
.EXERCISESTOREADING#2
Knowle17EXERCISESTOREADING#2
KnowledgeisEverybody’sBusinessTraditionally,acompanyhasanR&Ddepartmentthat
doesresearch
.Buttherearemanyothersourcesandmanykindsofknowledge.Theseincludenewproductsandnew
methods
ofproducingthem.Inthefuture,everysuccessfulcompanywillbealearning
company
.Itschiefbusinesswillbe
producing
new
knowledge
.EXERCISESTOREADING#2
Knowle18WORDS&MEANINGSClassifying.Whichtopicsdothesewordsbelongto?Putthewordinthecorrectcategory:benchmarking bestpractices customer transportationfailures media publics retailerstorage banks suppliers wholesalerNormal
Environmentsof
DistributionChannel
acompanyNewIdeas
storage
media
customers
transportation
banks
benchmarking
retailer
suppliers
bestpractices
wholesaler
failures
WORDS&MEANINGSClassifying.19WORDSTUDYPuttherightformofthewordinthecorrectspace:
1.relate(v),relationship(n),related(v,adj) Therearemany
related
factorsthataffectthedevelopmentofaneconomy.Someofthese
relationships
areobvious,suchasthe
relationshipbetweenproductivityandpeople’shealth.Inthesameway,therearemanyfactorsthatmotivateworkersonthejob.
WORDSTUDYPuttherightform20WORDSTUDYOneoftheseishowwellanemployee
relates
tohisboss.Theboss-
employee
relationship
isthemostimportantelementinaworker’ssatisfaction;evenmorethanpayandotherextrinsicfactors.
WORDSTUDY21WORDSTUDY2.employ(v),employment(n),employer(n),employée(n)Anotherwordforabossisan
employer
.Anotherwordforaworkerisan
employee.Anotherwordforworkisemployment.Whenacompany
employsaworker,itgiveshimasalaryandotherbenefits.Inreturn,an
employeetriestodoagoodjobforthe
employer
.Untilrecently,mostcompaniesinJapangavetheir
employees
lifetimeemployment
.However,withtheircurrenteconomicproblems,theynolongerhavesuchguarantees.Incontrast,employees
intheUSexpecttochangejobsseveraltimesduringtheirlifetime.WORDSTUDY2.employ(v),emplo22WORDSTUDY3.interview(v,n),interviewer(n),interviewée(n) Whenapersonappliesforajob,heusuallyhasajob
interview
.The
interview
isusuallyconductedbyamanagerofthedepartmentthatthe
interviewee
isapplyingto.OritmaybedonebysomebodyfromtheHumanResourcesDepartment.Eitherway,the
interviewer
normallyasksthe
interviewee
(theapplicant)aseriesofstandardquestionsabouthislife,hisgoals,whyhewantstoworkforthecompany,etc.WORDSTUDY3.interview(v,n),23WORDSTUDYWhenyouaregoingforajob
interview
,itisimportanttoprepareyouranswersbeforehand.Youshouldalsoprepareaseriesofquestionstoaskthe
interviewer
.Thesequestionsshouldshowthatyouareinterestedandthatyouknowsomethingaboutthecompanyanditsproblems.WORDSTUDYWhenyouaregoingf24WORDSTUDY4.aneffect(n.),toeffect,toaffect,tobeaffectedRemember: 1.aneffect=aresult2.toeffect =tocause3.toaffect =tohaveaneffect(on)Manyfactors
affect
themoderncorporation.Thesefactorsincludenewtechnologiesandnewwaysofdoingbusiness.Forexample,what
effect
wille-commercehaveonpeople'sbuyinghabits?Willmultinationals
effect
majorchangesinlocalindustries?Almostallaspectsofbusinesswill
be___affected
bycomputertechnology.Wedonotalwaysunderstandthe
effects_
ofthesechanges.Butweknowthattheywill
affect
ourbusinessesandourlives.WORDSTUDY4.aneffect(n.),t25WORDSTUDY
WordsthatGoTogether.Aswehaveseen,certainwordsappearwithotherwords.Decidewhichwordsgowiththefollowingwords.Choosethemfromthelistbelow.Wasteconductdealwith losefindtake meet solve reject dospend make1.Whatdopeopledowithtime? They waste,take,spend time.2.Whatdopeopledowithaproblem? They solve,dealwith aproblem.3.Whatdopeopledowithbusiness? They conduct,dobusiness.4.Whatdopeopledowithdemands? They make,reject demands.5.Whatdopeopledowithaninterest? Theytakeaninterestinsomething.
WORDSTUDY
WordsthatGoToget26WORDSTUDY
ACRONYMS
a. amajorinfluenceinglobalbusinesstodayb. oneofthemajorinternationaleconomicblocs, organizedonthebasisofasingleproductc. themajorinternationalpoliticalandculturalorganizationd. aspecialformoftraininge. thenameofanewsmallspecificeconomicblocf. thevalueofgoodsandservicesproducedbya countryinacertainperiodoftime(e.g.,oneyear)g. amanagementpolicythatemphasizescontinual improvementofproductsandprocessesh. themajorWesternculturalandeconomicblocWORDSTUDY
ACRONYMSa. amaj27WORDSTUDY
ACRONYMSEG:UN c
UnitedNations
1.MNC a
multinationalcorporation 2.OPEC
b
OrganizationofPetroleumExportingCountries3.TQM
g
totalqualitymanagement
4.OJT
d
onthejobtraining
5.GNP
f
grossnationalproduct
6.SADC
e
SouthernAfricanDevelopmentCommunity7.EU
h
EuropeanUnion
WORDSTUDY
ACRONYMSEG:UN 28ThankYou!ThankYou!CHAPTER9ORGANIZATIONALDESIGN&LEARNINGCHAPTER9ORGANIZATIONALDESIGNOrganizationalDesign&LearningOrganizationalStructureOrganizationalOrganiza-tionallearning⊕
people⊕
documents⊕
competition⊕Environments⊕
Computernetworks⊕publishedinformationReactionstoDeclineDownsizingCorebusinessMergersAlliancesDifferentculturalresponsesTextACo’senvironmentsincludeItspublics,suppliers,anddistributionchannelsOrganizationalDesign&Learni31INTRODUCTION(Continued)
TheFirmandItsPublicsGovernmentPublicCitizen-ActionPublicMediaPublicFinancialPublicGeneralPublicLocalPublicTheFirmINTRODUCTION(Continued)
TheF32Reading1#BuildingaCoreCompetence
(continued)※theimplicationofbuildingacorecompetence;※waystobuildacorecompetence;※waysofdeterminingacorecompetence;
whetherithelpsacompanygetintoawidevarietyofmarkets;
whetheritaddssomethingimportanttothefinalproduct;
shouldbedifficultforcompetitorstoimitateorcopy;Reading1#BuildingaCoreComp33CorecompetenceProvideconsumerbenefitsNoteasyforcompetitorstoimitateLeveragedwidelytomanyproductsandmarkets.CorecompetenceCorecompetenceProvideconsume34CorecompetenceTheDiversifiedCorporation有些公司的房子很好看，但地基不稳，一有大风就倒了.-------马云CorecompetenceTheDiversified35READING#2
KnowledgeisEverybody’sBusiness◆featuresofaknowledge-creatingcompany:※notaspecializedactivity;※thejobofeveryone;※workers’ideasbecomeapartofthenewinformation;※uppermanagementtocoordinatetheideas.READING#2
KnowledgeisEveryb36
READING#2(CONTINUED)BenchmarkingUnrelatedbusinessesSeniorManagersMiddleManagersWorkersR&DPastexperienceSourcesofNewKnowledgeSourcesofNewKnowledgeREADING#2(CONTINUED)Benchma37READING#2(CONTINUED)Nowfillintheblankswiththeappropriateword.Trynottorepeatthesameword.Sometimes,theappropriatewordmaynotbeonthelist:learningcompany setting crucialproduction method newknowledgecontinually create generate operatedistribute doresearch informationlevel produceREADING#2(CONTINUED)Nowfill38READING#2(CONTINUED)Ifacompanywantstobecompetitive,itmust
continually
create
newknowledge
.Thisshouldhappenatevery
level
,fromthelowesttothehighest.Inotherwords,the
production
of
new
knowledge
iseverybody’sbusiness.Teamsprovideagood
setting
fornewideas.Theyallowpeopletoexchangeideasfreely.Oncenewknowledgeis
created
,itiscrucialto
distribute
ittotherestofthecompany.READING#2(CONTINUED)Ifacom39READING#2(CONTINUED)Spreading
newknowledgeisoneoftherolesofuppermanagement.Newknowledgeis
generated
inmanyways.Traditionally,acompanyhasanR&Ddepartmentthat
doesresearch
.Buttherearemanyothersourcesandmanykindsofknowledge.Theseincludenewproductsandnew
methods
ofproducingthem.Inthefuture,everysuccessfulcompanywillbealearning
company
.Itschiefbusinesswillbe
producing
new
knowledge.READING#2(CONTINUED)Spreadin40KEYTOEXERCISES管理学专业英语chapter9-ORGANIZATIONAL-DESIGN课件41Intro.EXERCISE#2.Whatkindsofrawmaterialswouldyouneedtomanufacturethefollowingproducts?
Furniture: wood,metal,leather,plastic,glassOfficeequipment: wood,metal,leather,plastic,glassCarsandtrucks: metal,rubber,glass,leather,glassIntro.EXERCISE#2.Whatkinds42
Company
CoreCompetenceProductsHondaelectronicsmaps-nav.systems,enginemaintenanceToyotaelectronicdisplaysystemsmaps-nav.systems,enginemaintenanceCasioelectronicscalculators,monitors,MiniatureTVs,cardashboardsCanonopticscopiers,cameras,imagescannersAsyouread,lookforthisinformationandfillintheblankboxes:EXERCISEEXERCISEEXERCISESTOREADING#1
CompanyCoreCompetencePro43EXERCISESTOREADING#2
KnowledgeisEverybody’sBusiness
Ifacompanywantstobecompetitive,itmust
continually
create
newknowledge
.Thisshouldhappenatevery
level
,fromthelowesttothehighest.Inotherwords,the
production
of
new
knowledge
iseverybody’sbusiness.Teamsprovideagood
setting
fornewideas.EXERCISESTOREADING#2
Knowle44EXERCISESTOREADING#2
KnowledgeisEverybody’sBusinessTheyallowpeopletoexchangeideasfreely.Oncenewknowledgeis
created
,itiscrucialto
distribute
ittotherestofthecompany.Spreading
newknowledgeisoneoftherolesofuppermanagement.Newknowledgeis
generated
inmanyways.EXERCISESTOREADING#2
Knowle45EXERCISESTOREADING#2
KnowledgeisEverybody’sBusinessTraditionally,acompanyhasanR&Ddepartmentthat
doesresearch
.Buttherearemanyothersourcesandmanykindsofknowledge.Theseincludenewproductsandnew
methods
ofproducingthem.Inthefuture,everysuccessfulcompanywillbealearning
company
.Itschiefbusinesswillbe
producing
new
knowledge
.EXERCISESTOREADING#2
Knowle46EXERCISESTOREADING#2
KnowledgeisEverybody’sBusinessTraditionally,acompanyhasanR&Ddepartmentthat
doesresearch
.Buttherearemanyothersourcesandmanykindsofknowledge.Theseincludenewproductsandnew
methods
ofproducingthem.Inthefuture,everysuccessfulcompanywillbealearning
company
.Itschiefbusinesswillbe
producing
new
knowledge
.EXERCISESTOREADING#2
Knowle47WORDS&MEANINGSClassifying.Whichtopicsdothesewordsbelongto?Putthewordinthecorrectcategory:benchmarking bestpractices customer transportationfailures media publics retailerstorage banks suppliers wholesalerNormal
Environmentsof
DistributionChannel
acompanyNewIdeas
storage
media
customers
transportation
banks
benchmarking
retailer
suppliers
bestpractices
wholesaler
failures
WORDS&MEANINGSClassifying.48WORDSTUDYPuttherightformofthewordinthecorrectspace:
1.relate(v),relationship(n),related(v,adj) Therearemany
related
factorsthataffectthedevelopmentofaneconomy.Someofthese
relationships
areobvious,suchasthe
relationshipbetweenproductivityandpeople’shealth.Inthesameway,therearemanyfactorsthatmotivateworkersonthejob.
WORDSTUDYPuttherightform49WORDSTUDYOneoftheseishowwellanemployee
relates
tohisboss.Theboss-
employee
relationship
isthemostimportantelementinaworker’ssatisfaction;evenmorethanpayandotherextrinsicfactors.
WORDSTUDY50WORDSTUDY2.employ(v),employment(n),employer(n),employée(n)Anotherwordforabossisan
employer
.Anotherwordforaworkerisan
employee.Anotherwordforworkisemployment.Whenacompany
employsaworker,itgiveshimasalaryandotherbenefits.Inreturn,an
employeetriestodoagoodjobforthe
employer
.Untilrecently,mostcompaniesinJapangavetheir
employees
lifetimeemployment
.However,withtheircurrenteconomicproblems,theynolongerhavesuchguarantees.Incontrast,employees
intheUSexpecttochangejobsseveraltimesduringtheirlifetime.WORDSTUDY2.employ(v),emplo51WORDSTUDY3.interview(v,n),interviewer(n),interviewée(n) Whenapersonappliesforajob,heusuallyhasajob
interview
.The
interview
isusuallyconductedbyamanagerofthedepartmentthatthe
interviewee
isapplyingto.OritmaybedonebysomebodyfromtheHumanResourcesDepartment.Eitherway,the
interviewer
normallyasksthe
interviewee
(theapplicant)aseriesofstandardquestionsabouthislife,hisgoals,whyhewantstoworkforthecompany,etc.WORDSTUDY3.interview(v,n),52WORDSTUDYWhenyouaregoingforajob
interview
,itisimportanttoprepareyouranswersbeforehand.Youshouldalsoprepareaseriesofquestionstoaskthe
interviewer
.Thesequestionsshouldshowthatyouareinterestedandthatyouknowsomethingaboutthecompanyanditsproblems.WORDSTUDYWhenyouaregoingf53WORDSTUDY4.aneffect(n.),toeffect,toaffect,tobeaffectedRemember: 1.aneffect=aresult2.toeffect =tocause3.toaffect =tohaveaneffect(on)Manyfactors
affect
themoderncorporation.Thesefactorsincludenewtechnologiesandnewwaysofdoingbusiness.Forexample,what
effect
wille-commercehaveonpeople'sbuyinghabits?Willmultinati
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