基于高考命题研究的试题解析 课件-高三英语二轮备考策略

讲评课：基于高考命题研究的试题解析通过课程标准分析，理解学科核心素养，知晓国家育人方向。通过高考命题研究分析，了解高考评价体系，理解高考命题立意。通过高考真题分析，理解高考考查方向，制定试题解析模板。学习目标目录CONTENTS

一析课程标准，知育人方向

二析高考命题，悟命题立意

三析高考试题，定解析模板析课程标准，知育人方向一具有理想信念和社会责任感具有科学文化素养和终身学习能力具有自主发展能力和沟通合作能力德智体美劳全面发展的社会主义建设者和接班人有理想有本领有担当在义务教育的基础上进一步提升学生综合素质着力发展学生核心素养在义务教育的基础上，进一步促进学生英语学科核心素养的发展，培养具有中国情怀、国际视野和跨文化沟通能力的社会主义建设者和接班人。析高考命题，悟命题立意二来自哪里？性格特点？爱好特长？做事风格？新导向01：坚决把中国优秀传统文化考出来新导向02：坚决把社会主义核心价值观考出来新导向03：坚决把创新思维、创新能力考出来新导向04：坚决把依法治国考出来李华何许人也？原理思维世界观方法论思维观念重大社会现实问题关键历史事件无价值，不入题无思维，不命题无情境，不成题高考评价体系命题理念知识政治立场核心价值金线能力素养银线能力素养银线情境载体串联线生活实践情境学习探索情境发现问题解决现实问题生活实践情境学习探索情境情境设计的主要目标与日常生活生产实践密切相关源于真实的研究过程或实际探索过程增强试题的开放性和探究性引导独立的思考和理性的判断完成开放性或探究性的任务发现新问题、找出新规律、得出新结论解决现实问题和科学前沿探索第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分,满分15分）阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Chinahasbecomethefirstcountrytolandaspacecraftonthefarsideofthemoon.TheunmannedChang’e-4probe(探测器)----thenamewasinspiredbyanancientChinesemoongoddess----61

(touch)downlastweekintheSouthPole-Aitkenbasin.Landingonthemoon’sfarsideis62

(extreme)challenging.Becausethemoon’sbodyblocksdirectradiocommunicationwithaprobe,Chinafirsthadtoputasatelliteinorbitabovethemooninaspot63

itcouldsendsignalstothespacecraftandtoEarth.Thefarsideofthemoonisofparticular64

(interesting)toscientistsbecauseithasalotofdeepcraters(环形山),moreso65

thefamiliarnearside.ChineseresearchershopetousetheinstrumentsonboardChang’e-466

(find)andstudyareasoftheSouthPole-Aitkenbasin.“Thisreallyexcitesscientists,”CarlePieters,ascientistatBrownUniversity,says,“becauseit67

(mean)wehavethechancetoobtaininformationabouthowthemoon68

(construct).”Dataaboutthemoon’scomposition,suchashow69

iceandothertreasuresitcontains,couldhelpChinadecidewhether70

(it)plansforafuturelunar(月球的)basearepractical.2020年全国I卷英语讲述“嫦娥四号”无人探测器在月球背面成功着陆的重大事件，这是人类走向太空的永恒主题，也彰显中国成为第一个让探测器在月球背面着陆的国家的自豪感。生活实践情境学习探索情境情境设计的主要目标与日常生活生产实践密切相关源于真实的研究过程或实际探索过程增强试题的开放性和探究性引导独立的思考和理性的判断完成开放性或探究性的任务发现新问题、找出新规律、得出新结论解决现实问题和科学前沿探索析高考试题，定解析模板三第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。GoingtoMountHuangshanremindsmeofthepopularBeatles’song“TheLongandWindingRoad”._____56_____issobreathtakingabouttheexperienceistheout-of-this-worldscenes.Therollingseaofcloudsyouseeonceyouareatthetopwillremindyouhowtinywe_____57_____(human)are.Thehotspringatthefootofthemountainissomethingyoumusttryaftertheclimb.Itwill_____58_____(undoubted)helpyougetrefreshed!Theamazingthingaboutthespringisthatthecolderthetemperaturegets,the_____59_____(hot)thespring!Strange,isn’tit?Butthat’shownatureis—alwaysleavingus_____60_____(astonish).Whatcomesnextistheendlessseriesofsteps.Youcan’thelpwonderinghowhardit_____61_____(be)forthepeoplethentoputallthoserocksintoplace.Thoughitistheonlyunnaturalthingonyourwayupthemountain,stillithighlightsthewholeadventure_____62_____offersaplacewhereyoucansitdowntorestyour_____63_____(ache)legs.Asthesonggoes,thislongandwindingroad“willneverdisappear”,anditwillalwaysstickinthevisitor’smemory.Itsuredoesin_____64_____(I).Whileyou’reinChina,MountHuangshanis_____65_____musttovisit!2021年新高考全国I卷英语本题介绍游览黄山美景的经历。这些语篇和情境以浸润的方式引导考生加强对中国历史文化和社会主义核心价值观的认同，通过讲述中国故事倡导传承中华优秀传统文化，引导考生坚定“四个自信”。英语科的核心价值包括中国情怀和国际视野。中国情怀是指考生强调对中华优秀传统文化、社会主义先进文化的认同，正确认识中国特色和国际比较，自觉践行社会主义核心价值观，坚定“四个自信”；国际视野是指考生应了解人类文明历史和世界发展动态，具有全球意识，以开放包容的态度看待文化多样性，积极参与跨文化交流。2021年新高考全国I卷英语第二节(满分25分)阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。AMOTHER’SDAYSURPRISEThetwinswerefilledwithexcitementastheythoughtofthesurprisetheywereplanningforMother’sDay.HowpleasedandproudMotherwouldbewhentheybroughtherbreakfastinbed.TheyplannedtomakeFrenchtoastandchickenporridge.Theyhadwatchedtheirmotherinthekitchen.Therewasnothingtoit.JennaandJeffknewexactlywhattodo.Thebigdaycameatlast.Thealarmrangat6a.m.Thepairwentdownthestairsquietlytothekitchen.Theydecidedtoboiltheporridgefirst.TheyputsomericeintoapotofwaterandleftittoboilwhiletheymadetheFrenchtoast.Jeffbroketwoeggsintoaplateandaddedinsomemilk.Jennafoundthebreadandputtwoslicesintotheeggmixture.Next,Jeffturnedonthesecondstoveburnertoheatupthefryingpan.EverythingwasgoingsmoothlyuntilJeffstartedfryingthebread.Thepanwastoohotandthebreadturnedblackwithinseconds.Jennathrewtheburntpieceintothesinkandputintheothersliceofbread.Thistime,sheturneddownthefiresoitcookednicely.ThenJeffnoticedsteamshootingoutofthepotandthelidstartingtoshake.Thenextminute,theporridgeboiledoverandputoutthefire.Jennapanicked.Thankfully,Jeffstayedcalmandturnedoffthegasquickly.Butthestorewasamessnow.JennatoldJefftocleanitupsotheycouldcontinuetocooktherestoftheporridge.ButJeff’shandtouchedthehotburnerandhegaveacryofpain.Jennamadehimputhishandincoldwater.Thenshecaughtthesmellofburning.Ohdear!Thepieceofbreadinthepanhadturnedblackaswell.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。读后续写选取在母亲节当天为母亲做早饭的语篇，引导考生尊敬父母，在真实的生活体验中感受劳动的辛苦和荣耀，倡导珍惜工作所得。DPopularizationhasinsomecaseschangedtheoriginalmeaningofemotional(情感的)intelligence.Manypeoplenowmisunderstandemotionalintelligenceasalmosteverythingdesirableinaperson’smakeupthatcannotbemeasuredbyanIQtest,suchascharacter,motivation,confidence,mentalstability,optimismand“peopleskills.”Researchhasshownthatemotionalskillsmaycontributetosomeofthesequalities,butmostofthemmovefarbeyondskill-basedemotionalintelligence.Weprefertodescribeemotionalintelligenceasaspecificsetofskillsthatcanbeusedforeithergoodorbadpurposes.Theabilitytoaccuratelyunderstandhowothersarefeelingmaybeusedbyadoctortofindhowbesttohelpherpatients,whileacheatermightuseittocontrolpotentialvictims.Beingemotionallyintelligentdoesnotnecessarilymakeoneamoralperson.Althoughpopularbeliefsregardingemotionalintelligencerunfaraheadofwhatresearchcanreasonablysupport,theoveralleffectsofthepublicityhavebeenmorebeneficialthanharmful.Themostpositiveaspectofthispopularizationisanewandmuchneededemphasis(重视)onemotionbyemployers,educatorsandothersinterestedinpromotingsocialwell-being.Thepopularizationofemotionalintelligencehashelpedboththepublicandresearchersre-evaluatethefunctionalityofemotionsandhowtheyservepeopleadaptivelyineverydaylife.Althoughthecontinuingpopularappealofemotionalintelligenceisdesirable,wehopethatsuchattentionwillexciteagreaterinterestinthescientificandscholarlystudyofemotion.Itisourhopethatincomingdecades,advancesinsciencewilloffernewperspectives(视角)fromwhichtostudyhowpeoplemanagetheirlives.Emotionalintelligence,withitsfocusonbothheadandheart,mayservetopointusintherightdirection.2021年新高考全国I卷英语选自DaisyGrewal和PeterSalovey于2005年7月发表的论文：TheScienceofEmotionalIntelligence。作者介绍了情商概念的普及带来的误解及其有利的方面。该文章主题语境是人与社会，选材意义重大，试题关注青少年心理健康发展，引导人们对情绪研究的兴趣，探讨未来科技进步能为人们如何经营自己的生活等研究提供新视角，积极倡导和谐的人际关系。本文是一篇议论文，议论文讲究使用主题段或主题句，所以应注意分析篇章结构，理清论点与论据的结构关系。文章涉及社会学、心理学等相关背景知识，又有大量的合成词、派生词、低频词和学术词汇，还存在熟词生义和词类活用等现象。文章中长难句较多，而且出现了很多不同形式的倒装句，该文设题大多是推进判断类题目，导致考生准确理解这篇文章的难度加大。32.Whatisacommonmisunderstandingofemotionalintelligence?A.ItcanbemeasuredbyanIQtest.B.Ithelpstoexerciseaperson’smind.C.Itincludesasetofemotionalskills.D.Itreferstoaperson’spositivequalities.33.Whydoestheauthormention“doctor”and“cheater”inparagraph2?A.Toexplainarule.

B.Toclarifyaconcept.C.Topresentafact. D.Tomakeaprediction.34.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetothepopularizationofemotionalintelligence?A.Favorable. B.Intolerant. C.Doubtful. D.Unclear.35.Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytalkaboutconcerningemotionalintelligence?A.Itsappealtothepublic. B.Expectationsforfuturestudies.C.Itspracticalapplication. D.Scientistswithnewperspectives.2021年新高考全国I卷英语第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ARomecanbepriceyfortravelers,whichiswhymanychoosetostayinahostel(旅社).ThehostelsinRomeofferabedinadormroomforaround$25anight,andforthat,you’lloftengettostayinacentrallocation(位置)withsecurityandcomfort.YellowHostel

IfIhadtomakejustonerecommendationforwheretostayinRome,itwouldbeYellowHostel.It’soneofthebest-ratedhostelsinthecity,andforgoodreason.It’saffordable,andit’sgotafunatmospherewithoutbeingtoonoisy.Asanaddedbonus,it’sclosetothemaintrainstation.HostelAlessandroPalace

Ifyoulovesocialhostels,thisisthebesthostelforyouinRome,HostelAlessandroPalaceisfun.Staffmembersholdplentyofbareventsforguestslikefreeshots,barcrawlsandkaraoke.There’salsoanareaontherooftopforhangingoutwithothertravelersduringthesummer.YouthStationHostel

Ifyou’relookingforcleanlinessandamodernhostel,looknofurtherthanYouthStation.Itoffersbeautifulfurnishingsandbeds.Thereareplentyofotherbenefits,too;itdoesn’tchargecitytax;ithasbothairconditioningandaheaterfortherooms;italsohasfreeWi-Fiineveryroom.HotelandHostelDesArtistes

HotelandHostelDesArtistesislocatedjusta10-minutewalkfromthecentralcitystationandit’sclosetoallofthecity’smainattractions.Thestaffisfriendlyandhelpful,providingyouwithamapofthecitywhenyouarrive,andofferingadviceifyourequiresome.However,youneedtopay2eurosadayforWi-Fi.21.Whatisprobablythemajorconcernoftravelerswhochoosetostayinahostel?A.Comfort. B.Security. C.Price. D.Location.22.Whichhostelbestsuitspeoplewhoenjoyanactivesociallife?A.YellowHostel. B.HostelAlessandroPalace. C.YouthStationHostel. D.HotelandHostelDesArtistes.23.WhatisthedisadvantageofHotelandHostelDesArtistes?A.Itgetsnoisyatnight. B.Itsstaffistootalkative. C.ItchargesforWi-Fi. D.It’sinconvenientlylocated.主要介绍了在罗马的四家价格低廉、安全舒适的旅社。该文以一篇旅游类广告为语篇话题情境，贴近考生生活，属于考生出行可能遇到的住宿问题，意在培养考生的实用生活技能。其核心价值体现在引导考生通过比较，识别各种信息，根据不同的环境条件，客观分析各种信息之间的关联和差异，提高跨文化意识，具有国际视野。情境设置力求为真实的英语学习与跨文化交际情境，要考生能综合使用多项语言技能。高考关键能力指向（英语科）听力理解获取具体信息理解主旨要义理解说话人的观点与态度理解说话人的目的推理判断阅读理解书面表达口语表达理解词汇理解具体信息理解主旨要义理解观点态度理解目的推理判断理解文章结构和类型内容词汇语法语篇结构写作规范语音语调词汇语法语言组织互动交际学业质量是学生在完成本学科课程学习后的学业成就表现。学业质量标准是以本学科核心素养及其表现水平为主要维度，结合课程内容，对学生学业成就表现的总体刻画。情境创新价值引领能力素养课标要求答案呈现解题过程IfirstmetPaulNewmanin1968,whenGeorgeRoyHillthedirectorofButchCassidyandtheSundanceKid,introducedusinNewYorkCity.Whenthestudiodidn’twantmeforthefilm—itwantedsomebodyaswellknownasPaul—hestoodupforme.Idon'tknowhowmanypeoplewouldhavedonethat;theywouldhavelistenedtotheiragentsorthestudiopowers.ThefriendshipthatgrewoutoftheexperienceofmakingthatfilmandTheStingfouryearslaterhaditsrootinthefactthatalthoughtherewasanagedifference,webothcamefromatraditionoftheaterandliveTV.Wewererespectfulofcraft(技艺)andfocusedondiggingintothecharactersweweregoingtoplay.BothofushadthequalitiesandvirtuesthataretypicalofAmericanactors:humorous,aggressive,andmakingfunofeachother—butalwayswithanunderlyingaffection.Thosewerealsoatthecore(核心)ofourrelationshipoffthescreen.Wesharedthebeliefthatifyou'refortunateenoughtohavesuccess,youshouldputsomethingback–hewithhisNewman'sOwnfoodandhisHoleintheWallcampsforkidswhoareseriouslyill,andmewithSundanceandtheinstituteandthefestival.PaulandIdidn'tseeeachotherallthatregularly,butsharingthatbroughtustogether.Wesupportedeachotherfinanciallyandbyshowingupatevents.Ilastsawhimafewmonthsago.He'dbeeninandoutofthehospital.HeandIbothknewwhatthedealwas,andwedidn'ttalkaboutit.Ourswasarelationshipthatdidn'tneedalotofwords.24.Whywasthestudiounwillingtogivetheroletotheauthoratfirst?A.PaulNewmanwantedit.B.Thestudiopowersdidn'tlikehisagent.C.Hewasn'tfamousenough.D.Thedirectorrecommendedsomeoneelse.25.WhydidPaulandtheauthorhavealastingfriendship?A.Theywereofthesameage. B.Theyworkedinthesametheater.C.Theywerebothgoodactors. D.Theyhavesimilarcharacteristic.26.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inParagraph3referto?A.Theirbelief. B.Theircareforchildren.C.Theirsuccess. D.Theirsupportforeachother.27.Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthetest?A.Toshowhisloveoffilms. B.Torememberafriend.C.Tointroduceanewmovie. D.Tosharehisactingexperience情境创新价值引领能力素养课标要求答案呈现解题过程本阅读理解题以“友谊”作为切入点，选取的材料情境与考生的生活贴近，容易使考生产生共鸣，以更好地实现价值观的输入和输出。文本描述了作者因为名人PaulNewman的支持出演了电影，二人通过互动建立了友谊。他们性格相似、兴趣相投，并且都愿意通过做慈善带助弱者，回馈社会、本题以上述情境为载体，将立德树人作为根本出发点，通过文本的描述实现了对考生价值观的正向引导。语料的选择充分体现了高考评价体系中“一核”“四层”“四翼”的要求，将核心价值观、社会责任等具有鲜明时代特征的理念融入到对考生语言知识能力的考查中，突出了英语学科素养对学习能力和思维品质的强化，特别是对考生的批判性思维提出了更高的要求。情境创新价值引领能力素养课标要求答案呈现解题过程2-8能判断和识别书面语篇的意图，获取其中的重要信息和观点；能识别语篇中的主要事实与观点之间的逻辑关系，理解语篇反映的文化背景；能推断语篇中的隐含意义。2-9能识别语篇中的内容要点