新概念英语第二册Lesson57知识点详解讲义

LESSON如何描述个性人物：对付势利小人Part1.词汇脱口秀1.hesitate为啥hesitate表示“犹豫”？词根：her,hes=stick,表示“粘着，附着”再比如：coherent这个词表示“连贯的”co表示共同，her表示“粘糊”后缀-ent表示形容词；hesitate如何使用？用法1：做...很犹豫 hesitatetodosth./behesitantaboutdoingsth.Ifyouhesitatetodosomething,youdelaydoingitorareworriedaboutdoingit,usuallybecauseyouarenotsurethatitisright.Bill收到了一个工作邀约。Hereceivedajoboffer.Billhesitatedtoacceptthejoboffer,asthecompanywasfarfromhishome.Hewashesitantaboutsigningthecontract.Billdidn'thesitateforamomenttotakethejob.用法2：neverhesitatetodo/dosth.withouthesitationVincentneverhesitatestohelphisfriendsinneed.=Vincentalwayshelpshisfriendsinneedwithouthesitation.Heneverhesitatestomakeimportantdecisions.Hewhohesitatesislost.=Itisimportanttomakedecisionsanddothingsinaquickanddefinite（确切）way.Ifyouhaveclearandsoliddecision-makingprinciples,youwillnothesitatetomakedecisions.用法4：Pleasedonothesitatetodo...Pleasedonothesitatetocontactmeifyouhaveanyquestions.Pleasedonothesitatetocontactmeifyouneedanyhelp.Scornisopendisrespectforsomeoneorsomething.Ifyouscornsomethingorsomeone,youlookdownuponthem.场景造句：Theladylookedatthemanwithscorn.=Theladylookedatthemanscornfully.Theladyscornedthemanbygivinghimadirtylook.GeorgeBernardShaw：“Silenceisthemostperfectexpressionofscorn.”Scornforyourrivalssometimesleadstofailure.GuanYufeltscornforLuXun,whichledtothelossofJingProvince.=GuanYuwasscornfulofLuXun,whichledtothelossofJingPronvince.Scornfuladj.轻视的，蔑视的bescornfulofsb./sth.ManyAmericanswerescornfulofthepoliticians.Somepeoplescornedtheviewsofthepoliticiansasold-fashioned.小结：对一个人或一件事表示轻视蔑视scornsb./sth.feel/havescornforsb./sth.3）bescornfulofsb./sth.2.punish 惩罚用法1：punishsbforsthFinally,thekillerwaspunishedforhiscrime.用法2：bepunishedby...受到....的惩罚Thekillerwaspunishedbydeath.Carelessdriverswillbepunishedbyheavyfines.Thekillerdeservedhispunishment.Capitalpunishment=deathpenaltypunishment <> rewardPeoplearemotivatedbybothpunishmentsandrewards.Ifyouwantpeopletodotheirbest,youhavetouseboththecarrotandthestick.acarrotandstickapproach？Ifboththecarrotandthestickareusedinaproperway,peoplewillbeeffectivelymotivated.fur*fur 可以指动物的毛Furisthethickandusuallysofthairthatgrowsonthebodiesofmanyanimals.Furryadj.Afurryanimaliscoveredwiththick,softhair.furrykittensfurrypuppiesfurryfriendsOurfurryfriendsareadorable.[adorable非常可爱的]注意：fur这个词也可以指动物的“毛皮”(毛+皮)裘皮大衣afurcoat*skin 人的皮肤一个人皮肤白/黑，该怎么表达？Michaelhasdarkskin.Susanhasfairskin.Herskinisclearandsmooth.skincareproducts注意：Skin也可以表示动物的皮/毛皮crocodileskin/leopardskinFurskin有什么区别? 1】此外：Skin还可以表示 【听记2】如，bananaskins当然：瓜果蔬菜的皮更常用的是：peelbananapeels/applepeelsPeelv.去皮Ifyoupeelfruitorvegetables,youremovetheirskins.peelanapple/peelanorange皮鞋怎么说？leathershoesLeatheristreatedanimalskin,whichisusedformakingshoes,clothes,andbags.leatherbagseager adj.渴望的，热切的Whenyouareeagertodosomething,youwanttodoitverymuch.用法1：beeagertodoAlbertisabrightkidandeagertolearn.Heiseagertoknoweverythingabouttheworld.Theyoungathletesareeagertosucceed.=Theyoungathletesareeagerforsuccess.用法2：beeagerforsth渴望获得...Ifyouareeagerforsomething,youwanttohaveitverymuch.Thefansarewaitingoutsidethehotel,eagerforaglimpseoftheiridol.【idol偶像 区别：idiot白痴】拓展：如何表达：我特别想见到你Iameager/anxious/impatienttoseeyou.Ican’twaittoseeyou.Iamdyingtoseeyou.Ibadlywanttoseeyou.【听记答案】skin瓜果蔬菜的皮LESSON如何描述个性人物：对付势利小人Part2.句型精讲Shereturnedtotheshopthefollowingmorningdressedinafurcoat,withahandbaginonehandandalongumbrellainthe亮点赏析：dressedin...描述衣着with... 描述携带的物品，或身体特征注意：...intheother=intheotherhand,不能说成inanotherThepresidentwalkedontothestagedressedinablacksuit,withabunchofflowersinhishands.Ayoungmanwaswaitingforhisgirlfriendattheairportdressedinatuxedo,withabunchofrosesinhishands.Aladyreturnedtoherparents’homedressedinabrightredcoat,withachickeninonehandandaduckintheotherandachubbybabyonherback.作者是如何描述势利眼的“售货员”的前后两天的不同表现的？第一天：Glancingatherscornfully,hetoldherthatthedresswassold.第二天：Notrealizingwhoshewas,theassistantwaseagertoserveherthistime.分词状语：如果有否定词,not要在分词前面。场景造句：Nothavinganythingtodolastweekend,Iwanderedaroundthecityaimlessly.Notknowingwhichwaytogo,Istoppedtoaskastrangerfordirections.Butitseemedthatthestrangerdidn’tspeakEnglish.NotunderstandingwhatIwastalkingabout,themanlookedatmewithaweirdexpression.Thenheansweredmeinastrangelanguage.Notwantingtoembarrassbothofus,Inoddedmyhead,pretendingtoknowhiswords.你真的会用“before”么？Sheenjoyedherselfmakingtheassistantbringalmosteverythinginthewindowbeforefinallybuyingthedressshehadfirstaskedfor.两个重要结构：1）enjoyoneselfdoingsth... 通过某个方式开心，自得其乐造句：Nancyalwaysenjoysherselftalkingtoherfurryfriends.2）这句话中的before...怎么理解？before时间思维:相当于：“才”Nearlyaweekpassedbeforeshewasabletoexplainwhathadhappenedtoher.相当于：“就”Lessthantwoyearspassedbeforehefinishedalltherequiredcoursesincollege.相当于“然后”AndyspenthisearlylifeinChinabeforemovingtoCanada.问题：何时表示“才”，何时表示“就”，何时表示“然后”？答： 【听记1】Before核心思维：AhappenedbeforeBhappened2】 before对应中文中的“才” before对应中文中的“就” before对应中文中的“然后”比较：JustoneweekpassedbeforeKevinlearnedhowtoswim.NearlyoneweekpassedbeforeKevinlearnedhowtoswim.Theyhadbeenseeingeachotherforjustthreedaysbeforetheygotmarried.Theyhadbeenseeingeachotherfortenyearsbeforetheygotmarried.Thestockpricedroppedto20dollarsbeforeitsoaredto30dollars.Thestockpricedroppedallthewayto20dollarsbeforeitbegantoincrease.Thestockpriceroseforjustonedaybeforeitbegantodropsharply.造句：Itwilltakeyoualongtimebeforeyoutrulyunderstandaperson.Itwillbeawhilebeforeyouknowtheresults.IhesitatedforalongtimebeforeIfinallymadethedecisiontoquitmyjob.Ihadsleptforlessthantenminutes,beforemycellphonerangloudenoughtowakethedead.WevisitedSanFranciscobeforeweflewtoLosAngeles.=WevisitedSanFranciscobeforeflyingtoLosAngeles.YoushouldtaketheTOEFLandtheSATbeforeapplyingforadmissiontoU.S.universities.【听记答案】关键看主句A持续的时间很长；A持续的时间比较短；A持续时间的长短LESSON如何描述个性人物：对付势利小人Part3.故事转述中英文逐句转述上周，我的朋友Amy在购物的时候，遇到了一件不开心的事。Lastweek,myfriendAmywentshoppingandhadanunpleasantexperience.她身穿着蓝色牛仔裤，走过一家高档的商店，这时橱窗里的一件漂亮的衣服吸引了她的目光。Dressedinbluejeans,shepassedbyanexpensiveshopwhenanicedressinthewindowcaughthereye.她在橱窗前站了好一会儿，才最终走了进去要求看看那件衣服。Shewasstandingatthewindowoftheshopforquitealongtimebeforeshefinallywentinandaskedtoseethedress.*atthewindowsitatatable坐在桌旁很显然，那个售货员不喜欢一个穿着这么随意的顾客。Obviously,theshopassistantdidn’tlikeacustomerwhowasdressedsocasually.他轻蔑地扫视了Amy一眼，然后傲慢地告诉她那件衣服已经卖出了。GlancingatAmywithscorn,hearrogantlytoldherthatthedresswasalreadysold.Amy被他的粗鲁给激怒了，她走出了商店，心里琢磨着第二天如何惩罚这个非常势利眼的售货员。Enragedbyhisrudeness,Amywalkedouttheshop,thinkingabouthowtopunishthesnobbishassistantthenext第二天早上，Amy回到了商店，身穿一件裘皮大衣头戴一顶漂亮的帽子，一手提着个时尚的手提包，另一只手拿着一把长柄雨伞。Thefollowingmorning,Amywentbacktotheshopdressedinafurcoatandwearingabeautifulhat,withastylishhandbaginonehandandalongumbrellaintheother.她惊艳的外表，立刻引起了很多店员的注意。Herdazzlingappearanceimmediatelyattractedtheattentionofmanyassistants.*dazzling=veryimpressiveandattractive在找出那个势利的店员后，Amy走上前去，要求看昨天同一件衣服。Afterseekingoutthesnobbyassistant,Amywentuptohimandaskedforthesamedress.【seekoutv.=totrytofindsomeoneorsomething,especiallywhenitisnoteasy;snobby=snobbishadj.势利的】售货员一定是被Amy的外表给征服了，并没有认出她来。TheassistantmusthavebeenoverwhelmedbyAmy’slookanddidn’tevenrecognizeher.他的脸上露出灿烂的笑容，非常殷切地给这样一位外表漂亮，可能很富贵的女士效劳服务。Withabigsmileonhisface,hewaseagertoservesuchagood-lookingandpotentially“rich”lady.尽管要费好大劲，他还是爬进了狭小的橱窗为Amy去取那件衣服。Despitethegreatdifficulty,heclimbedintothenarrowshopwindowtogetthedressforAmy.*注意：表示尽管：despiteinspiteofalthough后面接句子然而，Amy刚一看到这件衣服，就说不合她的心意。However,immediatelyafterAmysawthedress,shesaiditwasnottoherliking.【betoone’sliking=suitone’sinterestsortastes】她很开心地让售货员把橱窗里几乎所有东西都拿了出来，这才最终决定买下第一件衣服。Sheenjoyedaskingtheassistanttotakeoutalmosteverythinginthewindowbeforefinallydecidingtotakethefirstone.AmyWhenAmydeliberatelytookoffherhatandfurcoattoputonhernewdress,thesnobbishassistantsuddenlyrealizedwhoshewasandfeltextremelyembarrassed.全英文转述Lastweek,myfriendAmywentshoppingandhadanunpleasantexperience.Dressedinbluejeans,shepassedbyanexpensiveshopwhenanicedressinthewindowcaughthereye.Shewasstandingatthewindowoftheshopforquitealongtimebeforeshefinallywentinandaskedtoseethedress.Obviously,theshopassistantdidn’tlikeacustomerwhowasdressedsocasually.GlancingatAmywithscorn,hearrogantlytoldherthatthedresswasalreadysold.Enragedbyhisrudeness,Amywalkedouttheshop,thinkingabouthowtopunishthesnobbishassistantthenextThefollowingmorning,Amywentbacktotheshopdressedinafurcoatandwearingabeautifulhat,withastylishhandbaginonehandandalongumbrellaintheother.Herdazzlingappearanceimmediatelyattractedtheattentionofmanyassistants.Afterseekingoutthesnobbyassistant,Amywentuptohimandaskedforthesamedress.TheassistantmusthavebeenoverwhelmedbyAmy’slookanddidn’tevenrecognizeher.Withabigsmileonhisface,hewaseagertoservesuchagood-lookingandpotentially“rich”lady.Despitethegreatdifficulty,heclimbedintothenarrowshopwindowtogetthedressforAmy.However,immediatelyafterAmysawthedress,shesaiditwasnottoherliking.Sheenjoyedaskingtheassistanttotakeoutalmosteverythinginthewindowbeforefinallydecidingtotakethefirstone.WhenAmydeliberatelytookoffherhatandfurcoattoputonhernewdress,thesnobbishassistantsuddenlyrealizedwhoshewasandfeltextremelyembarrassed.东欣点评 势利小人和谦谦君子有啥区别Snobn.势利的人Snobbish/snobbyadj.势利的DebbyMayne写的一篇文章Anindividualsnobissomeonewhothinksheorsheisbetterthaneveryoneelseinoneorallareasoflife.Thiscreatesamindsetofentitlement.【Entitlementn.权利Anentitlem