高考英语总复习语法填空专练 第2练

高考英语总复习语法填空专练第2练1.

阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Intheearly19thcentury,anoutbreakofcholerahitEurope.Nooneknewhowtopreventortreatit.JohnSnow,aBritishdoctor,felt①___________(frustrate).Butheneverlosthisdesiretodestroycholeraonceand

②___________all.Ingeneral,doctorsinthosedayshadtwocontradictorytheoriestoexplainhowcholeraspread,andSnowsubscribedtothesecondtheorythatcholera③___________(cause)byaninfectionfromgermsinfoodorwater.Itwascorrect,butabundant④___________(prove)wasstillneeded.Hewasdeterminedtofindoutwhy.

Snowbeganby⑤___________(mark)onamaptheexactplaces

⑥___________allthosewhodiedhadlived.Snowdoubtedifthewaterpumpwas⑦___________(blame).Atlast,JohnSnowwasabletoannouncethatthepumpwatercarriedcholeragerms.Accordingly,hehadthehandleofthepump⑧___________(remove).Throughhisintervene,thediseasewasstoppedinitstracks.⑨___________(fortunate),wenowknowhowtopreventcholera,thankstotheworkofJohnSnow.Moreover,Snowtransformedthewayscientistsstudieddiseases.Forthisreason,Snowisconsidered

⑩___________fatherofmodernepidemiology.2.

阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。TworarevolumesofanancientChineseencyclopediaweresoldformorethan€8million($9million)atauctionTuesday,morethan1,000timesthe①__________(estimate)price.Theencyclopedia,knownastheYongleDadian,was②__________(original)commissionedbytheYongleEmperor,thethirdruleroftheMingDynasty,whoreigned(统治)from1402to1424.Morethan2,000scholarsworked

③__________theencyclopediabetween1404and1408,accordingtoapressreleasefromBeaussantLefèvre,theParis-basedauctionhousethatmadethesale.

TheYongleDadianisthelargestencyclopediaintheworld,andoriginallyconsistedof22,877④__________(chapter).In1562,theJiajingEmperor,the11thMingruler,⑤__________(order)twocopiesoftheencyclopediatobemade,buttheoriginal⑥__________(lose)duetothemanywars,theftsandfiresthatoccurredundertheMingDynasty(1368—1644),theauctionhousesaid.

⑦__________thetwovolumessoldTuesdayarecopies,theyareextremelyrare,withonly400knownvolumes,or4%oftheoriginalencyclopedia,leftin⑧__________(exist),accordingtoBeaussantLefèvre.

Thebooks,

⑨__________measure20inchesby12inches,werewritteninredandblackinkonpaper.While⑩__________(print)techniqueshadbeendevelopedatthetime,theencyclopediawaswrittenbyhandduetoitslength.3.

阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Itwaslateafternoon

①__________ourcarstoppedinfrontofaschoolinShuanggou,JiangsuProvince.Ihadbeenselected②__________(head)outtothisdisadvantagedschool.Ihadbeenlooking③__________(excite)totheopportunitytodosomevolunteeringinChina.As

④__________matteroffact,oncethetwo-dayvisitwasdone,myco-workerandIwerethinkingaboutanothertriphereinthefuture.

Greetedbysmilingteachersanddirectors,thenwe⑤__________(direct)toaguestroomforarest.Therewerefiveofushere,⑥__________(include)twogirlsfromCanadaandonefromSriLanka.

The⑦__________(wonder)thingaboutthekidsisthattheydon'tletpovertykeepthemdown.Theywereallsmilinguponseeingus.Someboysgrabbedmyhandatoncetoshakeit.Girlsstoodbackandtookphotosofthe⑧__________(foreign)astheypushedthroughaseaofscreamingkids.

It'satiringexperiencebutwegainedagreatdealof⑨__________(satisfy)fromit.Whetherwewereinclassorkickingaballaroundwith300ofourclosestfriends,weweremovedbyjusthoweagerthesekidsweretohaveaccess

⑩__________astrangerforafewshorthours.4.阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。StephenCurry’sgrandfatherbuiltasimplebasketby①_______(attach)apieceofplastictoatelephonepole.Stephenspentmanychildhoodhoursplayingonthis②_______(mud)basketballcourt.Itwaswherehelearnttobecreativeandflexibleasaplayer.③_______(know)wheretheballwouldgowasn’teasyinthosepoorconditions.Hehadtoadjusthisownplayingstyleasaresult.Shootingwithgreataccuracy

④_______anotherthinghelearnt.PractisingdayinanddayouthelpedStephensharpenhisskills.Manypeopledidn’tthinkhewouldbeasuccessfulbasketballplayer,

⑤_______henevergaveup.Hiscreativityand⑥_______(persevere)madehimDavidson’sstarplayer.⑦_______(select)fortheNBAin2009,heperformed

⑧_______everyone’sexpectationswithhisaccurateshootingandcontinuousefforts.StephenwonhisfirstNBAchampionshipin2015.AfterreceivingtheMostValuablePlayerawardfortwoyearsin

⑨_______row,Stephenexplainedhisphilosophy.Inhisopinion,

​⑩_______hewantedtodowasjustbehimself.Whathedidwastoworkeverysingledaytogetbetter.Atthesametime,whatothersthoughtofhimdidn’tinfluencewhathebecame.5.阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Oneverycontinent,wildlifehabitatsofallkindsarethreatenedwithdevelopmentand①__________(construct),butperhapsnonestandatgreaterriskthancoastlineecosystems.

LastmonthinScotlandoneofthelastremainingdune(沙丘)ecosystemsofitskindintheentirecountry②__________(save)fromanattempttoturntheuniquesandyshoreintoagolfcourse.ThewetlandsareaknownasCoulLinksisaRamsarsite③__________(recognize)byUNESCO.Afterfouryearsofcampaigningby④__________(citizen)andwildlifegroupstopreservethecoastline,Scottishministersmadetheirdecisionthisweek,⑤__________(refuse)toallowthedevelopmenttocontinue.TheScottishWildlifeTrustcheeredthenewsandtheybelievedthatthedecisionwassurely⑥__________(benefit)toallpeople.

"Today'sdecisiondemonstratesthatindividualscanmakearealdifferencebytakingthetimetostandup

⑦__________nature,"commentedtheScottishWildlifeTrust'sChiefExecutiveJoPike."SavingCoulLinksfromdevelopmentisastrongsign

⑧__________theScottishgovernmentisdevotedtoprotectingScotland'sfantasticnaturalenvironment,"sheadded.

TheEastSutherlandsiteis

⑨__________importantstopoverlocationformanyrarebirdspecies.⑩__________(fortunate),thegovernmentiswillingtosupportthewildplacesofScotlandandtheiradmirers.6.阅读下面材料,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Whenwasthelasttimeyouusedaphoneboothonthestreet?①______theriseofmobilephones,theyhavebecomeoutofdate.ButShanghaiistryingtobringnewlifetotheoldphoneboothsbyturning②______(they)intomini-libraries.Shanghaiplans③______(divide)263phoneboothsinXuhuiDistrictintosixnew④______(type).Onetypewillofferbooksforpeopletoreadandanotherwillprovideaudiobooks(有声书).Shanghaiisnottheonlycity⑤______istryingtosavetheoldphonebooths.TheBritishcareaboutthemevenmore,sinceredphoneboothshavelongbeen⑥______partofthecountry’ssymbol.Theworld’sfirstphonebooth⑦______(build)inGermanywasinthe1880s.Butinthe1930stheUKpaintedthemred,makingthemaspecial⑧______(attract)incities.Inrecentyearsthecountry⑨______(come)upwithmanyideastomakephoneboothscontinuetobe⑩______(help).TheUKcompanyBritishTelecomhasaddedscreensandfreeWiFitosomebooths.Maybeinthefuturephoneboothswillbecomecityattractionsonceagain,butinamorecreativeway.7.

阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Happinessislikeasmallstone①________(drop)intoapooltocauseacircleofripples.

②________Stevensonhassaid,beinghappyisaduty.Thereisnoexactdefinitionoftheword"happiness".Happypeoplearehappy

③________allsortsofreasons.Thekeyisnotwealthorphysicalwell-being,sincewefind④________(home)people,disabledpeopleandso-calledlosersareextremelyhappy.

Beinghappyisasortofunexpectedgain.Butstayinghappyis

⑤________accomplishment,asuccessofsoulandcharacter.Actuallyitisnotselfishtostriveforit.Itis,indeed,adutytoourselvesandothers.

Beingunhappyislikeaninfectiousdisease.Itcausespeople⑥________(stay)awayfromthesufferer.Hesoonfindshimselfalone.Thereis,however,acureforit:ifyoudon'tfeelhappy,pretendtobe.

Itworks.Beforelongyouwillfindthatinsteadofrepellingpeople,youattractthem.Youwilldiscover

⑦________deeplyrewardingitistobethecenterofwiderandwidercirclesofgoodwill.Thenthemake-believebecomesa⑧________(real).Youbecomereallyhappy.

Beinghappy,onceitisrecognizedasadutyanddevelopsintoahabit,⑨________(open)doorsintoamazinggardenswhicharefullof⑩________(thank)friends.8.阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

"Anappleadaykeepsthedoctoraway".①_____(similar),ifwedrinkalittlemorewatereveryday,wemayfindthatweneedtogotothedoctoralot②_____(little)often.Ahealthydietismadeupofwaterand③_____largenumberofdifferentkindsoffoods.Weknowthathealthyfoods④_____fruit,vegetablesandfishareimportantastheyprovideuswithenergyandfiber,withoutgivingustoomuchfatandsugar.

Butwhyiswaterimportant?Thehumanbodyneedswater⑤_____(survive).Waterisimportantasit⑥_____(carry)poisonsandwasteoutofourbodies.Somedoctorsbelievethatwaterisimportantforourhealthinallkindsofways.Theybelievethatagreatmany⑦_____(ill)andhealthproblemsarearesultofalackofwaterinthebody.⑧_____issurprisingtolearnthat⑨_____wefeelthirsty,wearealreadyinthefirststageofdehydration(脱水).Infact,we⑩_____(advise)todrinkwaterbeforewefeelthirsty.9.

阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。ACCTVjournalistsucceededinarousingaheateddiscussionamongnetizensbyaskingpeoplewhethertheywerehappy.Theresponses

①_________thequestionwerevarious,evensomequitefunnyonesincluded.Althoughpeople②_________(play)jokesontheanswers,itdidnottakelong

③_________theybegantofigureoutthetruemeaningofhappiness.

Itiscertainthatpeople'sviewsonhappiness④_________(affect)greatlybytheirownlifeexperience.Unfortunately,toomanypeoplerefertobeingrichashappinessandthereisnosignofadecreaseinthenumberofthosewhoarevoluntarilyatthemercyofwealth.Somepeoplewhose⑤_________(intend)istomakebigmoneyappreciatebeinggivenanychancetoincreasetheirincome,believingthatis

⑥_________theirhappinesslies.Someareeagertoinherittheirparents’property,especiallythose

⑦_________areknownassilver-spoonkids.Evenworse,somewouldratherbreakthelaw⑧_________(satisfy)theirfinancialdesireorseektheirfortune⑨_________(legal).

Inmyopinion,happinessisnotabout⑩_________(pursue)wealthbutaboutadmiringthebeautifulthingsinlife.Therefore,liveyourlifetothefullestandbehappy.10.

阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Inthel880s,thefirstautomobile(汽车)wasdeveloped,andabouttwodecadeslater,theWrightbrothersinNorthCarolinainventedthefirstsuccessfulairplane.Today,theworldiscloserto①___________(combine)thosetwoconceptsbecauseaJapanesetechcompanysaiditcompletedamannedtestflightofa"flyingcar".

Thecompany,SkyDrive,saidinanewsreleaseFridaythatithadcompletedaflighttestusing"theworld'sfirstmannedtestedmachine",anelectricalvertical(垂直的)takeoffandlanding(eVTOL)vehicle,and

②___________theflighttimewasfourminutes.Theaircrafthadoneseatand③___________(operate)witheightmotorsandtwopropellers(螺旋桨)oneachcomer.Itliftedabout10feet

④___________theairandwasoperatedbyapilot,thecompanysaid.

TomohiroFukuzawa,SkyDrive'schiefexecutive,saidthatfiveyearsagothere⑤___________(be)variousprototypesofflyingcars,usuallywithfixedwings.SkyDrive'sproduct,hesaid,wasoneofthemostcompactinsizeandwas⑥___________(light),comparedwithotherdesigns.

⑦___________(safe)isoneoftwochallengespreventingthetechnologyfrombecoming⑧___________(wide)used,saidDeryaAksaray,

⑨___________assistantprofessorofaerospaceengineeringandmechanicsattheUniversityofMinnesota.SafeautonomoustechnologyforeVTOLaircraftsisstillbeingdeveloped,Aksaraysaid.

Theotherchallengeisdesign:Thevehiclesshouldbepowerfulenough⑩___________(carry)anynecessaryweight,yetquietenoughtoflyatundeterminedlowaltitudes,shesaid.

答案以及解析1.答案：frustrated;for;wascaused;proof;marking;where;toblame;removed;Fortunately;the

解析：本文是一篇记叙文,主题语境是人与社会。文章主要介绍了JohnSnow医生击败霍乱的故事。之后人们根据他的方法,进行了有效的预防。①考查形容词,句意:英国医生JohnSnow感到很沮丧。此处为表语,表示人的感受,故填frustrated。②考查固定短语。句意:但他从未失去彻底消灭霍乱的愿望。固定短语onceandforall“彻底地,一劳永逸地”,故填for。③考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:总的来说,当时的医生有两种相互矛盾的理论来解释霍乱是如何传播的,Snow支持第二种理论,即霍乱是由食物或水中的细菌感染引起的。根据subscribed可知用一般过去时,主语cholera和cause为被动关系.故填wascaused。④考查名词。句意:这是正确的,但还需要充足的证据。abundant为形容词,修饰名词,故填proof。⑤考查非谓语动词。句意:Snow开始在地图上标出所有死者居住过的确切地点。by为介词,后面需加动名词作宾语。故填marking。⑥考查定语从句。空处引导定语从句,修饰地点,故填where。⑦考查固定用法。句意:Snow怀疑水泵是不是罪魁祸首。betoblame“应该负责,该受资备”,故填toblame。⑧考查非谓语动词。句意:因此,他请人把水泵的把手取了下来。havesth.done“请某人做某事”,故填removed。⑨考查副词。句意:幸运的是,多亏了JohnSnow的工作,我们现在知道了如何预防霍乱。空处修饰整个句子,需用副词形式作状语,位于句首,首字母需大写。故填Fortunately。⑩考查冠词。句意:因此,Snow被认为是现代流行病学之父。此处表示特指,故填the。2.答案：estimated;originally;on;chapters;ordered;waslost;Although;existence;which;printing

解析：本文是一篇新闻报道,主题语境是人与社会。文章主要介绍了百科全书——《永乐大典》的相关信息。在周二的巴黎拍卖行BeaussantLefèvre拍卖会上,一本罕见的中国古代百科全书的两册抄本以超过800万欧元(900万美元)的价格成交,是预估价的1000多倍。①考查非谓语动词。句意:在周二的拍卖会上,两册罕见的中国古代百科全书以超过800万欧元(900万美元)的价格成交,是预估价的1000多倍。estimate与price构成逻辑上的被动关系,故填estimated。②考查副词。句意:这部百科全书被称为《永乐大典》,最初是由明朝第三位统治者永乐皇帝委托制作的,他在位时间为1402年至1424年。此处要用副词修饰动词,故填originally。③考查介词。句意:此次拍卖的巴黎拍卖行BeaussantLefèvre发布的新闻稿称,在1404年至1408年间,有2,000多名学者参与了这本百科全书的编纂工作。短语workon“从事……”,故填on。④考查名词复数句意:《永乐大典》是世界上最大的百科全书,最初共有22,877章。chapter是可数名词,故填chapters。⑤考查动词的时态。句意:拍卖行称,1562年,明朝第11任统治者嘉靖皇帝下令制作两册百科全书,但由于明朝(1368-1644年)期间发生的多次战争、盗窃和火灾,原件已丢失。由In1562可知时态是一般过去时,故填ordered。⑥考查动词的时态和语态。由上文可知时态是一般过去时,主语theoriginal与lose之间是被动关系,故填waslost。⑦考查连词。句意:尽管周二售出的两册都是抄本,但它们极其罕见,BeaussantLefèvre称,目前已知的百科全书只有400卷,占原始百科全书的4%。根据句意,此处与下文之间是让步关系,故填Although。⑧考查名词。短语inexistence“现有,存在”,故填existence。⑨考查非限制性定语从句的关系词。句意:这些书长20英寸,宽12英寸,用红、黑墨水写在纸上。此空是一个非限制性定语从句的引导词,先行词为物,故填which。⑩考查名词。句意:虽然印刷术在当时已经发展起来,但由于百科全书的长度,它是手写的。名词短语printingtechniques“印刷技术”。故填printing。3.答案：when;tohead;excitedly;a;weredirected;including;wonderful;foreigners;satisfaction;to

解析：本文是一篇记叙文,主题语境是人与社会。文章主要记叙了作者和另外几个外国人一起来到一所贫困学校支教,这次志愿者活动给作者留下了深刻印象。①考查状语从句。句意:下午晚些时候,我们的车停在江苏省双沟的一所学校前。②考查非谓语动词。句意:我被选中前往这所贫困的学校。“被选中做某事”短语为beselectedtodosth.。故填tohead。③考查副词。句意:我一直兴奋地期待着在中国做一些志愿工作的机会。修饰动词应用副词,故填excitedly。④考查冠词。句意:事实上,两天的访问结束后,我的同事和我正在考虑将来再来这里一次。asamatteroffact“事实上”,故填a。⑤考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:老师和主任微笑着迎接我们,然后我们被带到客房休息。指过去发生的事情,且主语we与direct构成被动关系,用一般过去时的被动语态,谓语动词用复数。故填weredirected。⑥考查词形变化。句意:我们有五个人,包括两个来自加拿大的女孩和一个来自斯里兰卡的女孩。此处需要介词including,表示“包括”。故填including。⑦考查形容词。句意:孩子们最美妙的事情是他们没有让贫穷束缚他们。修饰后文名词thing应用形容词,故填wonderful。⑧考查名词的数句意:女孩们退后一步,在这些外国人挤过尖叫的孩子们的海洋时给他们拍照。结合后文they可知,应用复数。故填foreigners。⑨考查名词。句意:这是一次令人疲惫的经历,但我们从中获得了极大的满足。短语agreatdealof修饰不可数名词,故填satisfaction。⑩考查介词。句意:无论我们是在课堂上,还是和300个最亲密的朋友踢球,我们都被这些孩子渴望与陌生人接触短暂的几个小时的热切程度所感动。短语haveaccessto“接近……”,故填to。答案以及解析4.答案：1.attaching2.muddy3.Knowing4.was5.but6.perseverance7.Selected8.beyond9.a10.what5.答案：construction;wassaved;recognized;citizens;refusing;beneficial;for;that;an;Fortunately

解析：本文是一篇说明文,主题语境是人与自然。文章叙述了由于开发和建设苏格兰的海岸线生态系统受到了极大威胁,经过市民和相关组织的努力,苏格兰政府本周做出拒绝继续开发的决定。①考查名词。句意:在每一个大陆上,各种野生动物的栖息地都受到开发和建设的威胁,但也许没有一个比海岸线生态系统面临更大的风险。此处和development一起作with的宾语,应填名词形式,故填construction。②考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:上个月,在苏格兰,整个国家仅存的一个沙丘生态系统在将独特的沙滩改造成高尔夫球场的尝试中被拯救。分析句子可知,设空处为句子谓语动词,根据时间状语Lastmonth及主语与save的被动关系,可知应用一般过去时的被动语态,故填wassaved。③考查非谓语动词。句意:这片作为库尔林克斯而闻名的湿地是联合国教科文组织认可的拉姆萨尔湿地。分析句子可知,设空处应用非谓语动词作后置定语,表被动,故填recognized。④考查名词的数。句意:经过市民和野生动物保护组织四年的保护海岸运动,苏格兰的部长们本周做出决定,拒绝允许继续开发。结合语境可知,此处泛指苏格兰的市民,故填citizens。⑤考查非谓语动词。此处应用非谓语动词作状语,refuse和逻辑主语ministers是主动关系,故填refusing。⑥考查形容词。句意:ScottishWildlifeTrust对这一消息表示欢迎,他们相信这一决定肯定对所有人有益。此处应用形容词作表语,故填beneficial。⑦考查介词。句意:ScottishWildlifeTrust的执行总裁JoPike评论说:“今天的决定表明,个人可以通过花时间来支持大自然做出真正的改变。”固定短语standupfor“支持”。故填for。⑧考查同位语从句。句意:她补充说:“从开发中拯救库尔林克斯是苏格兰政府致力于保护苏格兰美妙自然环境的有力信号。”分析句子可知,设空处引导同位语从句,对sign进行进一步解释说明,故填that。⑨考查冠词,句意:东萨瑟兰是一个很多珍稀鸟类物种重要的中途停留地,此处泛指一个地方,且important的发音是元音音素开头,故填an。⑩考查副词,句意:幸运的是,政府愿意支持苏格兰的荒野和它们的崇拜者此处应用副词作状语,修饰后面的句子。故填Fortunately。6.答案：1.With2.them3.todivide4.types5.that6.a7.built8.attraction9.hascome10.Helpful7.答案：dropped;As;for;homeless;an;tostay;how;reality;opens;thankful

解析：这是一篇说明文,主题语境为人与自我。“幸福”这个词没有确切的定义。快乐的人因为各种各样的事情而快乐。而快乐,一旦被认为是一种责任,并发展成一种习惯,就会打开奇妙花园的大门。①考查非谓语动词。空处用非谓语动词,与逻辑主语stone构成被动关系,故填dropped。②考查定语从句。句意:正如Stevenson所说,快乐是一种责任。此处为非限制性定语从句,as表示“正如”,句首字母要大写,故填As。③考查介词。短语behappyfor表示“为……而感到高兴”,故填for。④考查形容词。修饰下文名词people应用形容词,故填homeless。⑤考查冠词。此处表泛指,且accomplishment为以元音音素开头的单词,故填an。⑥考查非谓语动词。句意:它使人们远离患者。短语causesb.todosth.“使某人做某事”,故填tostay。⑦考查宾语从句。创意:你会发现成为越来越广泛的善意圈子的中心是多么值得的。此处为感叹句,根据副词deeply,可知填how。⑧考查名词。根据上文冠词a可知应填单数名词。故填reality。⑨考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意:快乐,一旦被认为是种责任,并发展成一种习惯,就会打开大门,进入充满感恩的朋友的奇妙花园。本句主语为Beinghappy,且描述客观事实用一般现在时,故谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填opens。⑩考查形容词。修饰下文名词friends应用形容词,故填thankful。8.答案：①Similarly②less③a④like⑤tosurviv