美国文学课件4The Literature of the Romantic Period 2

美国文学课件4TheLiteratureoftheRomanticPeriod2StudyQuestions(p38)1.Whatisthefunctionoftherepetitionoftheline“Inthiskingdombythesea”?2.Inwhatsensedoesthepoemreadlikeastory?3.Whatpersonalimageshelpthereadertograspthespeaker’sintensefeelingsofloss?4.HowdoesthespeakerdescribehisloveforAnnabelLee?AgendaⅠ.TheAppearanceofTranscendentalismⅡ.TheTranscendentalists1.RalphWaldoEmerson2.HenryDavidThoreau1.ThesummitofAmericanRomanticismTranscendentalismNatureIndividualSubjectivityRomanticismⅠ.TheAppearanceofTranscendentalism超验主义Nature&theOversoul超灵Transcendentalistwritersexpressedsemi-religiousfeelingstowardnature.Theysawadirectconnectionbetweentheuniverse&theindividualsoul.Divinitypermeatedallobjects,animateorinanimate.Thepurposeofhumanlifewasunionwiththe“Oversoul”–asortofconvergenceoftheindividual,God&Nature.TheOversoulNatureIndividualGod“InthefacesofmenandwomenIseeGod.”–WaltWhitman“ThegroveswereGod’sfirsttemples”–WilliamCullenBryant2.TheresultofnativePuritantraditionTheknowledgeofGodandtruthcanbeobtainedthroughmeditationorspiritualinsight.TranscendentalisminvolvedarejectionofstrictPuritanreligiousattitudes.BornBadorGood?

PuritansSinful

TranscendentalistsGoodⅡ.TheTranscendentalistsAmericanTranscendentalismbeganwiththeformationin1836oftheTranscendentalClubinBoston.Magazine:TheDial(日晷)BrookFarm:communallivingexperimentRalphWaldoEmersonHenryDavidThoreau1.RalphWaldoEmerson(1803-1882)FatherofAmericantranscendentalismPopularessayist,lecturer,poetHisbeliefs:Self-relianceTheimportanceoftheindividualThesuperiorityofintuitiontointellectThepresenceofaspiritualpowerinbothnatureandtheindividualhumanbeing“Naturealwayswearsthecolorofthespirit.”

RalphWaldoEmersonEmerson’s“transparenteyeball”inNature(p40)“Standingonthebareground,—myheadbathedbytheblitheair,andupliftedintoinfinitespace,—allmeanegotismvanishes.Ibecomeatransparenteye-ball;Iamnothing;Iseeall;thecurrentsoftheUniversalBeingcirculatethroughme;IampartorparticleofGod.”Emerson’smajoressays:Nature(1836);Essays(1841);SecondSeries(1844);RepresentingMen(1850);EnglishTraits(1856)Emerson’stwofamousaddresses:TheAmericanScholar(1837);DivinitySchoolAddress(1838)2.HenryDavidThoreau(1817-1862)Essayist,poet,philosopherBorninConcord,MassachusettsEmerson’struestdiscipleHistwoimportantworks:ThebookWalden(1854)TheessayCivilDisobedience《论公民的不服从》(1849)“IwenttothewoodsbecauseIwishedtolivedeliberately,tofrontonlytheessentialfactsoflife…”Walden(1854)REPLICAOFTHOREAU’SCABINDiscussionsaboutsomeideasinThoreau’sWalden

1.DidThoreaueverbuyafarm?Whydidheenjoytheactofbuying?(p43-44)

2.“Iwouldnothaveanyoneadoptmymodeofliving,eachshouldfindouthisownway,nothisneighbor’sorhisparents.”“Ifamandoesnotkeeppacewithhiscompanions,perhapsitisbecausehehearsadifferentdrummer.Lethimsteptothemusicwhichhehears,howevermeasuredorfaraway.”3.“Ifrequentlytrampedeightortenmilesthroughthedeepestsnowtokeepanappointmentwithabeech

山毛榉treeorayellowbirch黄桦,oranoldacquaintanceamo