机能学实验-英文课件

Functionalexperiment--physiologyIntroductionoffunctionalexperimentation1ClicktoaddTitle2ClicktoaddTitle4Functionalexperimentation:

anewbranchofexperimentalmedicineconcernedwiththestudyoffunctionalchangesinexperimentalanimalsanewexperimentalcourseofbasicmedicalsciencesinChinesemedicalschoolencompassthreesubjects,physiology,pathophysiologyandpharmacology

PhysiologyisthescienceofthefunctionofalivingorganismHumanphysiologyisthescienceofthemechanical,physicalandbiochemicalfunctionsofhumansingoodhealthmuchofthefoundationofknowledgeinhumanphysiologywasprovidedbyanimalexperimentationLOGOMaincontentsoffunctionalexperimentationBasicexperimentalknowledge,techniquesandmethodsinbasicmedicalsciencesBasicexperimentalskilltraininginanimalexperimentsforexample:handlingofanimals,anesthesia,commonusedsurgicaloperationmethodsClassicalexperimentsofphysiology,includingpreparationofasciaticnerve-gastrocnemiusmusclesample,thefeaturesofmusclecontraction,humanECGrecordings,regulationofarterybloodpressureandsoon.LOGOLaboratorysafetyandrulesReadalldirectionsforanexperimentandfollowthemexactlyastheyarewritten.Nevereatordrinkinthelaboratory.Neverperformactivitiesthatarenotauthorizedbyyourteacher.Whenanexperimentiscompleted,youshouldcleanupyourworkareaandreturnallequipmentstoitsproperplace.Thereshouldbenoloudtalking,horseplayorpranksinthelaboratory.Thereshouldnotbelateorleaveearly.Ifyouhavesomethingtodealwith,youshouldaskforleaveinadvance.LOGOExperimentone:preparationofsciaticnerve-gastrocnemiussampleAim:

tolearnthebasicmethodofthepreparationofthesciaticnerve-gastrocnemiusspecimenintoad.toobservethephysiologicalpropertiesofskeletalmuscleExperimentalmaterials:

Animal:toadApparatus:dissectionneedle,glassprobe,toadboard,scissors,nail,silkthread,zinc-copperbowReagents:Ringer’ssolutionLOGOattention:becarefuloftoadvenomliquidtoyoureyes.pithing

InsertthedissectionneedleintotheforamenmagnumLOGOwipeoffbrainandviscera,peeloftheskincacroiliacjointattention

:towashyourhandsandapparatusbeforenextstep.LOGODissectionoflegsattention

:nottodamagethenerveplexus.CutthespecimenintohalfLOGODissectionofsciaticnerve-gastrocnemiusspinalcolumnthighAchillestendonattention

:toremainalengthofspinalcolumnand½lengthoffemur.KeepthetissuemoistatalltimeswithRinger’ssolution.Don’tpullthenerve.LOGOSciaticnerve-gastrocnemiusFigure2.Locationofthesciaticnerveinatoad.LOGODetectionofexcitabilityofsampleLOGOThankYou!Experimenttwo:thenatureofmusclecontractionAim:

toobservethephysiologicalpropertiesofskeletalmuscles,includingtheall-ornoneresponse,thetoniccontractionofsuchmusclecontractionbychangingtheintensityandfrequencyofelectricalpulses

(twitch,incompletetetanusandcompletetetanus).Experimentalmaterial:

Animal:toadApparatus:RM6240biologicaldataacquisitionsystem,thetensiontransducer,mountingbracket,muscularsocketReagents:Ringer’ssolutionLOGOProcedures:

preparationofsampleofsciaticnervegastrocnemiusconnectingstimulationandrecordingdevicesLOGO

turnonthesoftwareexperimentalcontent:1.Effectofstimulusintensityonmusclecontraction

Asingleimpulse,0.1ms,0.1V(graduallyincrease)LOGO2.SinglemusclecontractionandtoniccontractionStimulusstring,maximumstimulusintensity,0.1ms,1Hz~30Hz(graduallyincrease)LOGONotesKeepthesamplesintegratedSamplesmusthavearesttimeaftereachstimulusandkeepmoistduringtheexperimentTheconnectionbetweentransducerandtendonshouldnotbetootightortoolooseThenerveshouldbegoodcontactwiththeelectrodesLOGOThankYou!Experimentthree:compoundAPinthetoadsciaticnerveAim:

tomeasurecompoundactionpotentials(CAPs)(monophasicandbiphasicAPs)byusingelectrophysiologicalexperimentaltechnologyfromanisolatedtoadsciaticnerve.Experimentalmaterial:

Animal:toadApparatus:RM6240biologicaldataacquisitionsystem,nervetrunkshieldedbox,toadsurgicalinstrumentsReagents:Ringer’ssolutionLOGOProcedures:

preparationofspecimensoftoadsciaticnervetrunkonthebasisofsampleofsciaticnervegastrocnemius,continuetoexposethenervefrombetweenthegastrocnemiusdowntotheAchillestendon.LOGO

connectexperimentaldevice

shieldedboxnervetrunkstimulatorcablerecordingcableLOGO

inductionofsciaticnervetrunkAPToobservethechangesoftheamplitudefromtheAPwhenweincreasegraduallythestimulusintensitywithinacertainrangeLOGO

determinationofconductionvelocityofAP

observationofrefractoryperiod

V=d/tLOGONotes

Donotdamagenervetissueduringneuraltrunkseparationprocess.KeepthenervewetwithRinger’ssolutiontomaintaingoodexcitabilityandpreventsamplefromdrying.Tieneuraltrunktwoendswiththreadsothatitcanbehandledgently.Makesurethatthetoadsciaticnerveisincontactwiththeelectrodesintheshieldedbox.LOGOThankYou!Experiment4prematurecontractionandcompensatorypauseAim:

ToverifythecharacteristicsofmyocardialexcitabilitybystimulationindifferentperiodsofcardiacactivitiesExperimentalmaterials:

Animal:toadApparatus:RM6240biologicaldataacquisitionsystem,frogheartclip,toadsurgicalinstrumentsReagents:Ringer’ssolutionLOGOProcedures:

damagethebrainandspinalcordandsecurethetoadventralsideup.exposetheheartoftoadconnectionofexperimentaldevicesobservationitemsthenormalcurveoftoadheartbeatingrecordingprematuresystoleandcompensatorypausePrematuresystoleCompensatorypauseLOGOThankYou!Experimentfive:electrocardiogram(ECG)Aim:

Topracticetheprocedureofrecordi