2023年同等学力申硕外国语水平考试真题

1995年同等学力申硕外国语水平考试真题Hewas_____enoughtounderstandmyquestionsfromthegesturesImade.

A.intelligentB.efficientC.proficientD.diligentDoesit_____toletlittlechildrenplaywithfireworks?

A.makeclearB.makesureC.makeoutD.makesenseAllpartsofthissewingmachineare_____sothatitisverysimpletogetreplacementsforthem.

A.mechanizedB.minimizedC.modernizedD.standardizedHaveyouafunny_____orunusualexperiencethatyouwouldliketoshare?

A.amusementB.incidentC.accidentD.sectionAsasalesman,heworksona(n)_____basis,taking10%ofeverythinghesells.

A.incomeBmissionC.salaryD.pensionCutoffbythestorm,theywereforcedto_____foodforseveraldays.

A.goinforB.gooverC.gowithoutD.gooutChinaDailyneverlosessightofthefactthateachdayallofus_____atough,challengingworld.

A.encounterB.acquaintC.presideD.confrontWhileshoppinginadepartmentstore,I_____leftmypurselyingonacounterofhandbags.

A.initiallyB.fortunatelyC.frustratedlyD.accidentallyHepointedoutthatthelivingstandardofurbanand_____peoplecontinuedtoimprove.

A.remoteB.municipalC.ruralD.provincialWhydoesavegetarianrestaurantmakeitsdishesresemblemeatineverywayexcept_____?

A.ingredientsB.elementsCponentsDpounds_____theimpactoftheideasintroducedtoEuropebysoldiersreturningfromtheEast,theWestwasgreatlychanged.

A.BecauseofB.BymeansofC.InadditiontoD.InspiteofForthepasttwoyears,Audicarshave_____Germany'sTouringCarChampionship.

A.dominatedB.conqueredC.determinedD.contestedIfyoupushhardontheworld,theworldwillpushbackonyou;ifyoutouchtheworldgently,theworldwilltouchyougently_____.

A.inreturnB.inthelongrunC.inturnD.inplaceRejectingtheurgingofhisphysicianfathertostudymedicine,Hawkingchoseto_____onmathandtheoreticalphysics.

A.imposeB.centerC.overworkD.concentrateTheconcernswiththeoriginsoftheearth_____theirstudy.

A.motivatedB.advisedC.excitedD.impulsedThecashierwasaskedto_____everypennyofthemoneythathetookcareof.

A.accounttoB.useupC.amounttoD.accountforBytheendof1994,558kindsofproductshadbeen_____greenfood.

A.namedB.restrictedC.classifiedD.labeledAtapressconferenceaftertheawardceremony,the18year-oldgirlspokeinabarely_____voice.

A.audibleB.optionalC.legibleD.identicalAneatletterimprovesyourchancesofafavorable_____.

A.circumstanceB.requestC.receptionD.responseOurreadersarecomfortablewithourclear,_____wordsthatinformandentertainthem.

A.conventionalB.conciseC.creativeD.crucialQuestions36～40arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

“Hightech”and“stateoftheart”aretwoexpressionsthatdescribeverymoderntechnology.Hightechisjustashorterwayofsayinghightechnology.Andhightechnologydescribesanyinvention,systemordevicethatusesthenewestideasordiscoveriesofscienceandengineering.

Whatishightech?Acomputerishightech.Soisacommunicationssatellite.Amodernmanufacturingsystemissurelyhightech.

HightechbecameapopularexpressionintheUnitedStatesduringtheearly1980's.Becauseofimprovementsintechnology,peoplecouldbuymanynewkindsofproductsinAmericanstores,suchashomecomputers,microwaveovens,etc..

“Stateoftheart”issomethingthatisasmodernaspossible.Itisaproductthatisbasedontheverylatestmethodsandtechnology.Somethingthatis“stateoftheart”isthenewestpossibledesignorproductofabusinessorindustry.Astateofthearttelevisionset,forexample,usesthemostmodernelectronicdesignandparts.Itisthebestthatonecanbuy.

“Stateoftheart”isnotanewexpression.Engineershaveuseditforyears,todescribethebestandmostmodernwayofdoingsomething.

MillionsofAmericansbegantousetheexpressioninthelate1970's.Thereasonwasthecomputerrevolution.Everycomputercompanyclaimedthatitscomputerswere“stateoftheart.”

Computertechnologychangedsofastthatastateoftheartcomputertodaymightbeoldtomorrow.Theexpression“stateoftheart”becameascommonandpopularascomputersthemselves.Nowallkindsofproductsaresaidtobe“stateoftheart.”Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?

A.Totellhow“hightech”and“stateoftheart”havedeveloped.

B.Togiveexamplesofhightech.

C.Totellwhat“hightech”and“stateoftheart”are.

D.Todescribeverymoderntechnology.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?

A.Americanstorescouldprovidenewkindsofproductstothepeople.

B.Hightechdescribesatechnologythatisnottraditional.

C.“Stateoftheart”isnotaspopularas“hightech”.

D.Awoodenploughpulledbyoxenis“stateoftheart”.AllthefollowingexamplesarehightechEXCEPT_____.

A.amicrowaveoven

B.ahomecomputer

C.ahandpump

D.asatelliteWhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?

A.Sincethecomputerrevolution,theexpression“stateoftheart”hasbecomepopular.

B.“Stateoftheart”meanssomethingthatisthebestonecanbuy.

C.Withtherapiddevelopmentofcomputertechnology,astateoftheartcomputermayeasilybecomeoutofdate.

D.Allkindsofproductsare“stateoftheart”nowadays.Thebesttitleforthepassageis_____.

AputerTechnology

B.HighTechandStateoftheArt

C.MostAdvancedTechnology

D.TwoNewExpressionsQuestions41～45arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

IntheArcticCircle,itisnotthatEskimoslackabilityorindustry,butthesurroundingsrestrictconstructiveefforttothebarestnecessitiesofexistence.Thiseffectuallyretardsprogresstohigherdevelopment.

Agricultureisimpossibleallalongthethousandsofmilesofthenorthshore.Theonlywoodissuchasdriftsin.Otherthanthisdriftwood,theonlyavailablebuildingmaterialsaresnow,ice,stone,andbonesofanimals.Allofthesehavebeenusedforhabitationsandstorageplaces,differinginvarioustribesaccordingtotherequirementsandskilloftheworkers.

Thelackofnecessarytimberstobuildwallsandspanwidespacesisprobablyonereasonwhythesetribesconstructtheirhousesatleastpartlybeneaththesurfaceoftheground.Thisdevicealsomakesthehousesmoreimpervious(不能渗透旳)tothecold.

MostofusareinclinedtothinkthattheEskimolivesalwaysinaniglooorsnowhouse.Thisisnotentirelytrue.Afterthelongcoldwinter,thefamilyisverylikelytomove,whentheweatherpermits,intoatentofsealskin.Theactualconstructionofsuchatentissimilartothatusedbyother,moresoutherlytribesandwillbedescribedlater.

Thesnowhouse,however,isaninterestinganduniquehabitation.Oursummercamperswillnotbuildwithsnow,butthedelicateartisworthrecordingandsomeofourwintercampsinthemountainsmighttrytomakesnowhouses.Eskimos'effortstobuildhouses_____.

A.resultinvariousbuildings

B.arelimitedbyahostileenvironment

C.arerestrictedbytheirability

D.retardprogresstohigherdevelopmentWhichofthefollowingabouttheconstructionofhousesistrue?

A.Buildingmaterialsdifferfromtribetotribe.

B.Buildingmaterialsarethesameforallthehouses.

C.Buildingmaterialsareselectedaccordingtoweather.

D.Buildingmaterialsaredecidedbyskilledworkers.WhydoEskimosbuildtheirhousespartlyundertheground?

A.Theyliketoliveundertheground.

B.Theyareshortofessentialmaterialsforwallsandroofs.

C.Theywanttheirhouseslessaffectedbythecold.

D.BothBandC.Inthelongwinter,Eskimoscommonlylivein_____.

A.asnowhouse

B.astonehouse

C.astorageplace

D.atentofsealskinWhatdoestheauthorthinkofsnowhouses?

A.Interesting.

B.Artistic.

C.Unique.

D.Alloftheabove.Questions46～50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

IfEuropeansthoughtadroughtwassomethingthathappenedonlyinAfrica,theyknowbetternow.Afterfouryearsofbelownormalrainfall(insomecasesonly10percentoftheannualaverage),vastareasofFrance,Spain,Portugal,Belgium,BritainandIrelandaredryandbarren.WaterissolowinthecanalsofnorthernFrancethatwaterwaytrafficisforbiddenexceptonweekends.OystergrowersinBrittanyreporta30percentdropinproductionbecauseofthelossoffreshwaterinlocalriversnecessaryforoysterbreeding.InsoutheasternEngland,therollinggreenhillsofKenthaveturnedsobrownthatofficialshavebeenweighingplanstopipeinwaterfromWales.InPortugal,farmersinthesouthernAlentejoregionhaveheldprayermeetingsforrain——sofar,invain.

Governmentsindroughtplaguedcountriesaretakingdrasticmeasures.AuthoritiesinhardhitareasofFrancehavebannedwashingcarsandwateringlawns.InBritain,waterwillsoonbemetered,likegasandelectricity.“TheEnglishhavealwaystakenwaterforgranted,”saysGrahamWarren,aspokesmanofBritain'sNationalRiversAuthority.“Nowthey'reputtingapriceonit.”Evenasuddenendtothedroughtwouldnotendthemiseryinsomeareas.Itwilltakeseveralyearsofunusuallyheavywinterrain,theexpertssay,justtobringexistingwaterreservesuptotheirnormallevels.Whatdoestheauthormeanbysaying“theyknowbetternow”?

A.Theyknowmoreaboutthecausesofthedrought.

B.TheyhaveabetterunderstandingofthedroughtinAfrica.

C.TheyhaverealizedthatthedroughtinEuropeisthemostseriousone.

D.TheyhaverealizedthatdroughtshitnotonlyAfricabutalsoEurope.ThedroughtinEuropehasbroughtaboutallthefollowingproblemsEXCEPT_____.

A.belownormalrainfall

B.difficultnavigation

C.asharpdropinoysterharvest

D.bonedryhillsTheBritishgovernmentintendsto_____.

A.forbidthecarwashingservice

B.increasethepriceofthewaterused

C.endthemiserycausedbythedrought

D.chargefeesfortheuseofwaterWhichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothepassage?

A.Germanyistheonlycountryfreefromthedrought.

B.Waterreservesareattheirlowestlevelinyearsduetothedrought.

C.ThedroughtismoreseriousinBritainthaninFrance.

D.Europewillnothaveheavyrainuntilseveralyearslater.Whichofthefollowingisthemostappropriatetitleforthepassage?

A.EuropeinMisery

B.DroughtAttacksEurope

C.BeEconomicalwithWater

D.Europe,aWouldbeAfrica

Questions51～55arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Insomewaystheemploymentinterviewislikeapersuasivespeechbecausetheapplicant(interviewee)seekstopersuadetheemployer(interviewer)toemployhimorher.Severalsuggestionsmightprovehelpfultotheapplicantaspreparationismadefortheactualinterview.

Ajobapplicanthastheresponsibilityforascertainingcertaintypesofinformationpriortotheinterview.First,theapplicantshouldknowwhatkindofjobhewantsandhowthatjobrelatestohiscareerobjective.Itisimportantthattheapplicantbeabletostatehisreasonsforwishingtoworkforaparticularcompany.Second,theapplicantshouldseekasmuchinformationaspossibleconcerningthecompany.Relevantinformationfortheapplicanttolocateincludessuchitemsasthelocationofthehomeandregionaloffices,thefinancialstatusofthecompany,plansforexpansion,andcompanyphilosophy.Informationaboutmostmajorcorporationsisavailableinreferencebooksandperiodicals.

Aftergatheringinformationconcerningthecompany,theapplicantisreadyfortheinterview.Theinterviewer'sfirstimpressioncomesfromtheinterviewee'sappearance.Formostinterviews,appropriatedressformanisaconservative(保守旳)darkcoloredsuitwithalongsleevewhiteorlightblueshirtandconservativetie.Forwomenaconservative,tailoredsuitordressisappropiate.Bothmenandwomenshouldhaveneat,conservativelengthhair.Althoughhairstyleanddressaremattersofpersonaltaste,manypersonneldirectorsforminitialimpressionsfromthesecharacteristics.Forexample,onerecentcollegegraduate,whofelthimselfqualified,interviewedforapublicrelationsjob.However.thepersonnelmanagerconsideredthisyoungman'slonghair,sloppydress,andoverlycasualmannerunsuitedforthisparticularposition.Forwhomisthepassagemostlikelywritten?

A.Anemployee.

B.Anemployer.

C.Aninterviewee.

D.Aninterviewer.Astheauthorsuggests,whattheapplicantshouldknowbeforetheinterviewis_____.

A.thetypeofworkandhiscareerexpectation

B.hiscareerobjectiveaparticularcompanywilldecide

C.thereasonsaparticularcompanyhastoemployhim

D.alloftheaboveBeforetheinterview,theapplicantshouldobtainsomeinformationabout_____.

A.mostmajorcorporations

B.thecompanyhewantstoworkfor

C.referencebooksandperiodicals

D.businessandphilosophyWhattheapplicantwears,astheauthorsuggests,canmakehimlook_____.

A.personal

B.persuasive

C.informative

D.conservativeWhatistheauthortryingtotellusthroughtheexampleinthelastparagraph?

A.Theimportanceofpersonaltaste.

B.Theimportanceofpublicrelations

C.Theimportanceofselfconfidence.

D.Theimportanceoffirstimpression.Questions56～60arebasedonthefollowingpassage.INTHEBEDROOMDon'tsmokeinbed-itcausesabout1000firesayear,manywithfatalresults.Don'toverloadyourelectricalpoints:theidealis“oneappliance,onesocket”.Don'tuseanelectricunderblanketoveryouoranoverblanketunderyou.Anunderblanket,unlessofthelowvoltagetype,MUSTbeswitchedoffbeforeyougetintobed.Neverletfurnitureorclothinggetclosetoalightedfire.Makesurethatthereisasuitableguardfortheroomheater.Keepaerosoltypecontainers(喷雾器)awayfromheatandNEVERburnorpuncture(刺穿)them.Don'tdimatablelampbycoveringit:buyalowwattagebulb.Pyjamasandnightdresses,especiallyforchildrenandelderlypeople,shouldbemadefromflameresistantmaterial.

IFCUTOFFBYFIREClosethedooroftheroomandanyfanlightorotheropeningandblockupanycrackswithbedding,atc.Gotothewindowandtrytoattractattention.Iftheroomfillswithsmoke,leanoutofthewindowunlesspreventedbysmokeandflamecomingfromaroombelowornearby.Ifyoucannotleanoutofthewindow,lieclosetothefloorwheretheairiscleareruntilyouhearthefirebrigade.Ifyouhavetoescapebeforethefirebrigadearrives,makearopebyknottingtogethersheetsorsimilarmaterialsandtieittoabedoranotherheavypieceoffurniture.Ifyoucannotmakearopeandthesituationbecomesintolerable,dropcushionsorbeddingfromthewindowtobreakyourfall,getthroughthewindowfeetfirst,loweryourselftothefullextentofyourarmsanddrop.Ifpossibledropfromapositionabovesoftearth.Ifabovethefirstfloor,droponlyasalastresort.Accordingtotheinstructions,firesinthebedroomcanbecausedby.

A.oneappliance,onesocket

B.smokinginbed

C.underblanketsofthelowvoltagetype

D.alloftheabovementionedpointsInthebedroom,youaretold_____.

A.nottouseanelectricunderblanketoranelectricoverblanket

B.touseanunderblanketofthelowvoltagetype

C.toswitchoffanunderblanketofthelowvoltagetype

D.nottouseanelectricunderblanketoveryouYoushouldkeepfurnitureorclothesawayfromalightedfirebecause_____.

A.thefireistoolow

B.furnitureorclothesblocklight

C.thereisnoguardintheroom

D.furnitureorclothescatchfireeasilyIfyouarecutoffbyfire,youshouldfirst_____.

A.trytostopsmokefromcomingintotheroom

B.liedownandwaitforthefirebrigade

C.escapebyjumpingimmediatelyoutofthewindow

D.closethewindowandcallforhelpYoucanescapeafireby_____.

A.tyingaropetosheetsandthrowingitoutofthewindow

B.tyingasheettoaheavypieceoffurnitureandthrowingitoutofthewindow

C.tyingaropetoabedandthrowingitoutofthewindow

D.droppingwithcushionsandbeddingfromthewindowQuestions61～65arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Apersonmayhaveanideaabouthimselfthatwillpreventhimfromdoinggoodwork.Hemayhavetheideathatheisnotcapableofit.Achildmaythinkheisstupidbecausehedoesnotunderstandhowtomakethemostofhismentalfaculties,orhemayacceptanotherperson'smistakenestimateofhisability.Olderpeoplemaybehandicappedbythemistakenbeliefthattheyareincapableoflearninganythingnewbecauseoftheirage.

Apersonwhobelievesthatheisincapablewillnotmakearealeffort,becausehefeelsthatitwouldbeuseless.Hewon'tgoatajobwiththeconfidencenecessaryforsuccess.Heisthereforelikelytofail,andthefailurewillstrengthenhisbeliefinhisincompetence.

AlfredAdler,afamousdoctor,hadanexperiencewhichillustratesthis.Whenhewasasmallboyhegotofftoapoorstartinarithmetic.Histeachergottheideathathehadnoabilityinarithmetic,andtoldhisparentswhatshethoughtinorderthattheywouldnotexpecttoomuchofhim.Inthisway,theytoodevelopedtheidea,“Isn'tittoobadthatAlfredcan'tdoarithmetic?”Heacceptedtheirmistakenestimateofhisability,feltthatitwasuselesstotry,andwasverypooratarithmetic,justastheyexpected.

OnedayAdlersucceededinsolvingaproblemwhichnoneoftheotherstudentshadbeenabletosolve.Thisgavehimconfidence.Herejectedtheideathathecouldn'tdoarithmeticandwasdeterminedtoshowthemthathecould.Hisnewfoundconfidencestimulatedhimtogoatarithmeticproblemswithanewspirit.Henowworkedwithinterest,determination,andpurpose,andhesoonbecameextraordinarilygoodatarithmetic.

Thisexperiencemadehimrealizethatmanypeoplehavemoreabilitythantheythinktheyhave,andthatlackofsuccessisasoftentheresultoflackofknowledgeofhowtoapplyone'sability,lackofconfidence,andlackofdeterminationasitistheresultoflackofability.Accordingtothepassage,whichstatementisNOTtrue?

A.Achildmayacceptanotherperson'sunderestimateofhisability.

B.Hemaythinkthatheistooyoungtomakethemostofhismentalfaculties.

C.Apersonmayhavetheideathatheisincapableofdoinggoodwork.

D.Someoldpeopledon'tbelievethattheyarecapableoflearninganythingnew.Apersonwhobelievesinhisincompetencewill_____.

A.makenorealefforts

B.failtogoatajob

C.showacompletelackofconfidence

D.alloftheaboveAsaboy,AlfredAdlerwaspooratarithmeticbecause_____.

A.helosthisselfconfidence

B.hewasmentallyretarded

C.histeacherhadnoconfidenceinherself

D.hisparentsexpectedtoomuchofhimWhichofthefollowingisthemostimportantfactortoAdler'ssuccess?

A.Spiritandexperience.

B.Interest.

C.Confidenceanddetermination.

D.Purposeandknowledge.Adler'sexperiencemadehimrealizethat_____.

A.peoplearenotascapableastheythink

B.peoplecanbemorecapablethantheythink

C.lackofknowledgeleadstofailure

D.lackofabilityresultsinlackofdeterminationPartIVClozeTest(15minutes,10points)

Directions:Thereare20blanksinthefollowingpassage.ForeachblanktherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandDontherightsideofthepaper.YoushouldchoosetheONEthatbestfitsintothepassage.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheANSWERSHEETwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.

Weknowthekissasaformofexpressingaffection.Butlongbeforeitbecame66,itwasthecustominmanypartsoftheworldtousethekissasa(n)67ofrespect.

InmanyAfricantribesthenatives68thegroundoverwhichachiefhaswalked.Kissingthehandandfoothasbeenamarkofrespectfromthe69times.TheearlyRomanskissedthemouthoreyes70aformofdignifiedgreeting.OneRomanemperorallowedhisimportantnoblestokisshislips,butthe71importantoneshadtokisshishands,andthe72importantoneswere73allowedtokisshisfeet!

Itisquiteprobablethatthe