如何建立有效的地沟油检测方法探讨,食品安全论文

如何建立有效的地沟油检测方法探讨,食品安全论文怎样建立有效的地沟油检测方式方法讨论时间：2021-11-25未知陈赛楠本文字数：3666字题目：怎样建立有效的地沟油检测方式方法讨论第一章：第二章：第三章：第四章：结论/以下为参考文献：内容摘要当前，全社会已广泛关注到了地沟油带来的危害。为加强监管、保障食品安全，建立简单、快速、有效的地沟油的鉴别检测方式方法就显得特别重要。本文分析、比照了正常食用油与地沟油的理化特点，初步建立了快速鉴别检测地沟油的方式方法，详细如下：1、检测了正常食用油、问题油样和地沟油的感官性质、水分、过氧化值、羰基值、皂化值、酸价等指标，通过分析、比照检测结果，发现地沟油与食用植物油在气滋味、过氧化值和酸价等指标上有较大差异，能够根据这些指标对正常食用油、粗制地沟油进行初步鉴别判定。2、酸价快速检测试纸的初步验证、优化。参照文献制作了以玻璃板为载体的微型薄层色谱。利用制作好的硅胶板可在15s内测定食用油的酸价范围，检测时只需取0.1mL油样滴在硅胶板上，快速显色后与标准比色板比照即可得出酸价范围，进而初步判定油质的好坏，但是只要当地沟油或问题油样的酸价大于3.95mgKOH/g时，才可被鉴定出来，并且酸价差距不大的油样颜色比照不明显，容易造成误判。本研究试图从显色条件、显色剂、粘合剂、显色载体上进行优化，以此来解决此方式方法的局限性，但是效果不理想。3、过氧化值快速检测试剂盒的试制。根据氧化复原的原理试制试剂盒，通过显色剂的选择、显色时间确实定等条件试验，最终确定过氧化值试剂盒以2mL的样品瓶做载体、自制亚甲基蓝溶液为指示剂、采用针管注射进样、适宜显色时间为10min.此试剂盒到达了快速、直观检测过氧化值的效果，能较好的区分地沟油和正常食用油。此方式方法与国标中滴定法检测过氧化值的方式方法相比，具有简单方便、快速、经济等特点；与酸价快速检测方式方法相比，具有灵敏、准确、颜色稳定等特点；可用来进行问题油样以及地沟油的快速初筛定性。4、核磁共振技术测定甘油三酯的含量。通过核磁共振技术考察了甘油三酯的弛豫面积与含量的相关性，利用核磁共振技术检测了不同油样中甘油三酯的含量，并进行了分析、比照。结果表示清楚，甘油三酯驰豫面积与其含量有相关性，相关性方程为y=7056.4x+342.05,相关系数为R2=0.9997.市售品牌油样甘油三酯的含量都在97.00%以上；粗制潲水油的甘油三酯含量很低，只要61.07%;但精炼地沟油的甘油三酯含量超过了95.00%,到达正常油脂的标准，久置油样低于正常油脂的标准。由此可知，正常食用油与粗制地沟油在甘油三酯含量上有较大差异，精炼后的地沟油甘油三酯含量可到达正常油脂的标准，久置油样属于问题油样。该法不需溶剂、可进行无损检测，相比利用核磁共振测定固体脂肪含量来鉴别地沟油而言，愈加简单快速，并且受温度影响较小，但当前优化的核磁共振参数只适用于粗制地沟油的快速鉴别检测。本文关键词语：地沟油；鉴别检测；优化；试剂盒；核磁共振AbstractAtpresent,theharmofcookingoilhasavidlycommandedwholesocietysattention.Inordertodevelopthesupervisionandtoensurefoodsafety,itisveryimportanttoestablishasimple,rapid,accurateandsuitabledetectionofillegalcookingoil.Thispaperanalyzedthedifferentphysicalandchemicalcharacteristicsofcookingoilandillegalcookingoil,andarapiddetectionmethodofillegalcookingoilwaspreliminarilyestablished,theresultsareasfollows:1.Thesensoryproperties,moisture,peroxidevalueandcarbonylvalue,saponificationvalue,acidvalueandotherindicatorsofcookingoil,problemsoilandillegalcookingoilaredetected.Throughtheanalysisandthetestresults,therearedifferencesbetweencookingoilandillegalcookingoilinthesmell,taste,peroxidevalueandacidvalue.Accordingtotheseindicators,normalcookingoilandcrudeillegalcookingoilcanbepreliminarilyjudged2.Therapiddetectionandoptimizationoftestpaperofacidvalue.Accordingtotheliteratures,microthinlayerchromatographywithsilicagelplateasthecarrierwasmade.Thesilicagelplatecanmeasureacidvaluerangeofillegalcookingoilin15seconds.Throughthesilicagelplatecolor,wecanpreliminaryjudgetheoily.Only0.1mlsampleoilonsilicagelplate,acidvaluerangeareobtainedafterthecomparisonbetweensampleoilcolorandstandardcolorimetricboard.Butthismethodonlywhenproblemsoilandillegalcookingoilacidvalueisgreaterthan3.95mgKOH/g,canbeidentified,whatsmore,thecontrastofsamplecoloracidvaluewithlittledifferenceisnotobvious,whichiseasytocausemiscarriage.Thisstudyattemptstooptimizecolorconditions,chromogenicagent,adhesive,chromogenicmedium,sothatwecansolvethelimitationofthismethod,butnotsucceed.3.Thetrialproductionofrapidlydetectionofperoxidevalue.Accordingtotheprincipleofoxidationreduction,testkitsweremade.Throughthechoiceofchromogenicagentandchromogenictime,2mlsamplebottlesasthecarrieroftheperoxidevaluekitisdetermined.Thenwithself-mademethyleneblueastheindicator,withthehelpoftheneedleinjection,theresultsshowsthattheappropriatecolorforis10minutes.Thiskitachievedrapidandintuitivetestingtheeffectofperoxidevalue,itcanbettertodistinguishillegalcookingoilandnormalcookingoil.Thismethod,comparedwithnationalstandardtestmethod,ismoresimple,convenient,rapidandeconomic.Comparedwiththeacidvalue,thisrapiddetectionmethods,hasthecharacteristicsofsensitive,accurateandstablecolor.Thiscanappliedtofieldandlaboratorydetectionofillegalcookingoil,problemsoilatthebeginningoftherapidscreeningofqualitative.4.Nuclearmagneticresonance〔NMR〕techniquefordeterminingthecontentoftriglycerides.Bymagneticresonanceimagingthecorrelationoftherelaxationareaandcontentoftriglycerideswasinvestigated.Byusingnuclearmagneticresonance〔NMR〕technologythecontentoftriglycerideindifferentsamplewasdetected.Nextthroughanalyzingandcomparingdifferentoil.Resultsshowedthatthesizeoftriglyceriderelaxedareawascorrelatedwithitscontent,thecorrelationequationwasy=7056.4x+342.OS,thecorrelationcoefficientforRZ一0.9997.Thecommercialbrandsampletriglyceridecontentof97%ormore.Crudeoilpigwashtriglyceridecontentisverylow,only61.07%.Butrefinedcookingoil,thecontentoftriglyceridereached96.55%,reachedthestandardofnormaloil,butthestandardsampleisbelow.Accordingly,normalcookingoilandcrudeoilhasgreatdifferencesintriglyceridelevels,illegalcookingoilafterrefiningtriglycerides,itscontentcanreachthestandardofnormalgrease.Themethoddowntneedsolvent,nondestructivetestingcanbeperformed,comparedtosolidfatcontentmeasuredbyNMRtoidentifycookingoil,theeasierandfaster,andislessaffectedbytemperature,butthecurrentoptimizednuclearmagneticresonance〔NMR〕isonlyapplicabletocrudeillegalcookingoilforquickdetection.KeyWords:illegalcookingoil;discrimination;optimization;reagentbox;nuclearmagneticresonance〔NMR〕目录内容摘要Abstract第1章绪论1.1地沟油1.2国内外研究现在状况1.2.1感官检测1.2.2常规油脂理化指标检测1.2.3电导率