山东省济南市怀仁中学2021年高一英语下学期期末试题含解析

山东省济南市怀仁中学2021年高一英语下学期期末试题含解析一、选择题1.FencingisFairy’sfavoritehobbyand_____.

A.She’dliketocollectcoins

B.Shefeelslikecollectingcoins,too

C.tocollectcoinsisalsoherhobby

D.Playtingbasketballalsogiveshergreatpleasure.参考答案：D2.—Whatdoyouthinkoftheirmarriage?—______,ifIwereKate,Iwouldnotmarryhim.A.Generallyspeaking

B.Ihavenoidea

C.Tobehonest

D.Tomysurprise参考答案：C3.Ihavenodoubt______hewillwinthefirstprizeinthecompetition.

A.if

B.whether

C.that

D.about.参考答案：C4.Hearingthesonpaidlittleattentiontothemarriageand_________heremained_________withhiswork,themotherwasquiteanxiousifhecouldfindagirlfriend.A./,occupied

B.that,tobeoccupiedC./,tobeoccupied

D.that,occupied...参考答案：D考查宾语从句和过去分词。听到儿子对婚姻不重视，他仍忙于工作，妈妈为他是否能找到一名女朋友十分焦虑。第一空是that引导的宾语从句，因为它前面有一个that（已省略）引导的宾语从句，则第二个that不能省略；第二空beoccupiedwith专心于，remain是连系动词，相当于be，则第二空填occupied。根据句意可知选D。5.Don’tbetoohard________theboy;hedidn’tmean_________it.A.at;doing B.on;doing C.for;todo D.on;todo参考答案：D6.Thereisnodoubt_______hewillsucceed.A.whether

B.which

C.that

D.if参考答案：C7.Wedon’tneedtodoextraworkthisevening.Theday’sworkwasalmost______now.A.attheend

B.atanend

C.atoneend

D.atourend参考答案：B8.Thecompetitionbetweenthetworestaurantswas______.A.inB.onC.awayD.out参考答案：B略9.—Lookifheseems

ofsomethingelse.一Yes,heisabsent-minded.A.tobethought

B.tothinkC.tohavethought

D.tobethinking参考答案：D10.Andyissatisfiedwiththetoy.Itis_______hehasevergot.A.well

B.thebetterC.thebest

D.good参考答案：C句意：Andy对这个玩具很满意。它是他曾经得到的最好的玩具。表示“最好的……”，用最高级，选C。11.Whoseisthepencilbox?

It____________beTom’s.Lookathisnameonthecover!

A.can

B.may

C.must

D.need参考答案：C略12.Toeveryone’sgreat__________,alocalreporterjumpedoutandthrewashoeatBushatthepressconference.A.surprisedB.surprisingC.surpriseD.surprisingly参考答案：C略13.AnhourbeforetheFury___________GretelandBrunowerebroughtdownstairs,wheretheyreceivedarareinvitationintoFather'soffice.A．soakeduptheapplauseoftheguests

B．showedoffC．eruptedinexcitement

D．wasduetoarrive参考答案：

D

考查动词短语辨析。A.soakeduptheapplauseoftheguests享受客人们的掌声；B.showedoff炫耀；C.eruptedinexcitement突然激动起来；D.wasduetoarrive预定到达。句意：在Fury到达的前一个小时，格莱托和布鲁诺被带到了楼下，在那里他们收到了一份罕见的请柬，邀请他们去父亲的办公室。故D选项正确。14.Choosingtherightdictionarydependson_______youwanttouseitfor.A.how

B.why

C.what

D.whether参考答案：C15.Inthepastfewyears,severalNon-GovernmentalOrganizations______allovertheworld.A.havefounded

B.havebeenfoundedC.arefounding

D.arebeingfounded参考答案：B16.Theschool________studiedforonlytwoyearswasthreekilometersaway.A.what

B.that

C.where

D.which参考答案：C17.Theoldmaninsistedthathewasstrongenoughandthathe________backtoworkagain.A.wassent

B.shouldbesent

C.shouldsend

D.sent参考答案：B二、短文改错18.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文，短文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。Iamhappystandheretomakeaspeech.Thetopicofmyspeechis“MySchool”.Myschoolisverybig.Thereis2,000students.Wehaveabigplaygroundwithlotsoftreesaroundit.Wehadfunatschool.Aftertheclassweplaygamesanddosports,likeplaybasketballandfootball.Sometimeswehaveclassmeetings.Theyareveryinterested.Myschoolislikeabigfamily.Theteachersarekindandthestudentsarefriendlyforeachother.Inmyeye,myschoolisoneofthebetterschools.Iamprideofit.参考答案：Iamhappy∧standheretomakeaspeech.Thetopicofmyspeechis“MySchool”.

toMyschoolisverybig.Thereis2,000students.Wehaveabigplaygroundwithlots

areoftreesaroundit.Wehadfunatschool.

have

Aftertheclassweplaygamesanddosports,likeplaybasketballandfootball.

去掉

playingSometimeswehaveclassmeetings.Theyareveryinterested.Myschoolislikeabig

interestingfamily.Theteachersarekindandthestudentsarefriendlyforeachother.Inmy

to

eye,myschoolisoneofthebetterschools.Iamprideofit.eyes

best

proud1.happy后加to考查固定搭配，be+adj+todosomething做某事…很…，故在happy后加to。

2.There后的is→are考查主谓一致，therebe句型中be动词要与后面的名词保持一致，后边是students，故将There后的is改为are。

3.Wehad→Wehave考查时态，文章是讲述现在的情况，用一般现在时，故将Wehad改为Wehave。

4.Aftertheclass→Afterclass考查定冠词，afterclass课下是固定搭配，故将the去掉。5.likeplay→likeplaying考查动词搭配，likedoingsomething喜欢做某事，表示经常性的动作，故将likeplay改为likeplaying。

6.Interested→interesting考查动词ing形式和ed形式作形容词的区别，ing形式表示让人感觉…的，ed形式表示感觉…的。根据句意：它们很有趣。故将interested改为interesting。7.friendlyfor→friendlyto考查固定搭配，befriendlytosomebody对某人友好，故将friendlyfor改为friendlyto。

8.eye→eyes考查名词单复数，在某人看来inone’seyes，用复数形式，故将eye改为eyes。9.better→best考查形容词最高级，我们学校是最好的学校之一，故将better改为best。

10.pride→proud考查固定搭配，为…骄傲beproudof，故将pride改为proud。19.假如英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处；每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加，删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。修改：在错的词下划—横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：每处错误及其修改均仅限一词。Aladyoncewrotealongstoryandsenttoafamouseditor．Afterafewweek,thestorywasreturnedtoher．Theladygotveryangrily．Shewrotetotheeditor,“Dearsir,howdoyouknowwhythestoryisnotgood?Youdidn'treadit．AfterIsentittoyou,Ipastedpages21,22or23together．ThiswasatesttoseewhetherIwouldreallyreadthestory．Whenitcameback,thepagesstillpastedtogether．Isthisthewayinthatyoureadthestoriesthataresenttoyou?”Theeditorwritesback,“Dearmadam,atbreakfastwhenIopenanegg,Idon'thavetoeatthewholeegginordertodiscoverthatitisbad.”参考答案：Aladyoncewrotealongstoryandsent∧toafamouseditor．Afterafewweek,thestorywas

it

weeks

returnedtoher．Theladygotveryangrily．Shewrotetotheeditor,“Dearsir,howdoyouknowangrywhythestoryisnotgood?Youdidn'treadit．AfterIsentittoyou,Ipastedpages21,22or23why或why—that

Before

and

together．ThiswasatesttoseewhetherIwouldreallyreadthestory．Whenitcameback,the

you

pages∧stillpastedtogether．Isthisthewayinthatyoureadthestoriesthataresenttoyou?”were

in或that—which

Theeditorwritesback,“Dearmadam,atbreakfastwhenIopenanegg,Idon'thavetoeatthewrotewholeegginordertodiscoverthatitisbad.”【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的一位女士把故事寄给著名编辑，而编辑没看退回的故事。【详解】1.考查it用法。句意：一位女士曾经写了一个很长的故事并把它寄给一个著名的编辑。此处用it指代前文的story。故答案为it。2.考查名词复数。Afew“几个”，修饰可数名词复数，故把week—weeks。3.考查形容词做表语。此处get“变得”，是连系动词，后面用形容词做表语，故把angrily—angry。4.考查宾语从句。句意：你怎么知道这个故事不好?结合句意可知此处是that引导的宾语从句，that引导的宾语从句可以把that省略，故去掉why或why—that。5.考查时间状语从句。句意：我寄给你之前,我粘贴页21日22日和23日在一起。结合句意可知把After—Before。6.考查并列连词。句意：我寄给你之前,我粘贴页21日22日和23日在一起。故把or—and。7.考查人称代词。句意：这是一个测试你是否会真的愿意读这个故事。结合上下文可知把I—you。8.考查被动语态。句意：当它回来的时候，页面仍然被贴在一起。结合句意可知此处用一般过去时态的被动语态，故在still前加were。9.考查定语从句。句意：这是你阅读寄给你的故事的方式吗?此处theway做先行词，后面的定语从句用that/inwhich/省略来引导定语从句。故去掉in或that—which。10.考查时态。句意：编辑回信说。根据上文可知句子用一般过去时态，故把writes—wrote。三、阅读理解20.Whenbuildinghouses,peopleusedtothinkaboutnotonlytheclimateoftheareasbutalsothebuildingmaterialsandthefashionsfortheirhouses.However,sinceelectricitybecamemoreandmoreexpensive,peoplebegantopaymuchmoreattentiontotheenergytheycouldgetfortheirhousesandthenewwaystheycouldfindtoprotecttheirhousesfrombothcoldandheat.Now,housesofanoldyetnewtypehavebeenwidelybuilt.Insomepartsoftheworld,peoplesharetheirhouseswiththeirlivestock（家畜）.Duringcoldweather,theygathertheircows,goats,orotheranimalsandkeepthemonthefirstflooroftheirhouses.Thereasonsarethattheanimalscanbeprotectedfromthecoldandthattheycanhelptoheatthehousesaswell.Thebodyheatgivenoffbytheanimalsrisestothesecondfloorofthehouses,wherepeoplelive.Bysharingtheirhouseswiththeirlivestock,peoplegainasourceofheat.Peoplewholiveinornearcitiesdonotusuallykeeplivestock.However,homebuildersusethefactthatheatrises.Thisnaturallawcanbeusedinbuildinghousesintheseareas.Insteadofkeepinglivestockonthefirstfloor,buildersfillitwithlargerocks.Astheyareopentothesun’sraysduringcoldweather,theserockstakeinheat.Theyalsogiveofftheheat,and,ofcourse,thewarmairrisesintothelivingareasofthehouses.Sothesehousesareenergy-saving.House-buildingbecomesagreatchallengetobuildingdesignersandenergyengineers.Theytrytomeetthischallengebylearningfromoldtraditionsandbyusingmoderntechnology.Andsomedayinthefuture,peoplewillbeabletoliveinmoreenergy-savinghouses.52.Whatdidpeoplebegintoconsideraselectricitywasnolongercheap?A.Theclimateoftheirareas.

B.Theenergyfortheirhouses.C.Thefashionsfortheirhouses.

D.Thebuildingmaterialsfortheirhouses.53.Peopleinsomeareasgainasourceofheatby_________.A.keepingtheirlivestockdownstairsB.protectingtheirlivestockfromthecoldC.sharingtheirhousesonlywiththeircowsD.livingonthesecondfloorwiththeirlivestock54.Theunderlinedwords“naturallaw”inthethirdparagraphrefertothefactthat________.A.heatraisesthetemperatureinthehousesB.heatgoesintheupwarddirectionC.heatgoesupiftemperatureisraisedD.heatincreasesthetemperatureofrocks55.Fromthepassage,wecanconcludethat__________.A.peoplewillnolongerconsiderbuildingmaterialsinthefutureB.energy-savingbuildingswillbecomemorepopularinthefutureC.almostallpeoplewillmoveintothehousesheatedbylargerocksD.energyengineerswilldevotethemselvesonlytomoderntechnology参考答案：因电能能越来越贵，为了使房屋达到住房保暖驱寒的效果，人们越来越注重研究新的保存能量方式。52.B细节理解题。第一段第二句说明人们为了使房屋达到保暖驱寒的效果，更加注重新的保存能量的方式。53.A细节理解题。第二段第二、三句及尾句可知54.B词义理解题。由划线词所在句的上一句可知，that引导同位语从句指代热量上升的原理。55.B推断判断题。由第一段前两句知人们在房屋建设时依然需要考虑建筑材料。从第三段可知利用岩石吸热随后放热的方法只是针对生活在城市及城市郊区的人们，且只是其中的一种方法。21.阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Asifthereweren’tenoughofthemintheworldalready,scientistshavesucceededincloningflies.Thealikefruitfliesarethefirstinsectsevercloned,saystheCanadianteamthatcreatedthem.Thequestioneveryoneasksiswhyanyonewouldwanttoclonefliesinthefirstplace.Shehopesthattheinsects,whichareveryeasytoexperimentwith,willhelptoadjustthecloningprocessinotheranimalsandeveninhumans,wherethetechniqueisbeingresearchedtoaidproductionoftherapeutic(治疗的)stemcells.Incloning,theDNA-containingnucleusofanadultcellisinjectedintoaneggwhoseownnucleus(细胞核)hasbeenremoved.Atthemoment,themajorityofclonedmice,sheepandotheranimalsdiebeforebirth.ItisthoughtthisisbecausetheadultDNAisnotproperly‘reprogrammed’.Usingflies,researchersmightdiscovergenesthatareimportantforthisreprogramming,andthathavematchesinotheranimals.Thatisbecauseitislyeasyinfliestoknockoutthefunctionofasinglegeneandthenattemptcloningwiththesecells,whichwilltestwhetherthatgeneisimportant.Ifsuchgenesareconfirmed,thenintheoryclonedmammalianembryos(晶胚)mightbegrowninselectedsolutionsthatchangetheactivityofthosegenestoimprovethetechnique’ssuccessrate.Althoughsomegroupshaveattemptedtocloneinsec