2023年硕士研究生入学考试英语全真模拟试题

硕士硕士入学考试英语全真模拟试题(一)SectionⅠListening

ComprehensionDirections:This

section

is

designed

to

test

your

ability

to

understand

spoken

English.

You

will

hear

a

selection

of

recorded

materials

and

you

must

answer

the

questi

ons

that

accompany

them.

There

are

three

parts

in

this

section,

Part

A,

Part

B

and

Part

C.Remember,

while

you

are

doing

the

test,

you

should

first

put

down

your

answers

in

your

test

booklet.

At

the

end

of

the

listening

comprehension

section,

you

willhave

5

minutes

to

transfer

all

your

answers

from

your

test

booklet

to

ANSWER

SHEET

1.If

you

have

any

questions,

you

may

raise

your

hand

NOW

as

you

will

not

be

allowed

to

speak

once

the

test

has

started.Now

look

at

Part

A

in

your

test

booklet.Part

ADirections:You

will

hear

a

conversation

about

TV

shows.

Listen

to

it

and

fill

out

the

tablewith

the

information

youve

heard

for

questions

1-5.

Some

of

the

information

has

been

given

to

you

in

the

table.

Write

only

1

word

in

each

numbered

box.

You

will

hear

the

recording

twice.

You

now

have

25

seconds

to

read

the

table

below.(5

points)These

are

actually

old

shows,

but

NBC

has

of

them.1Frie

Channels

like

Nick-at-Nite

show

sit-coms

almost

every

night

except

Sundays.2Channel

45

is

Super-Station.

That

channel

has

a

lot

good

.3What's

bothering

me

is

the

.4A

two-hour

movie

can

run

three

and

half

hours

because

of

the

commercials.

That's

really

.5Part

BDirections:You

will

hear

a

talk

about

obesity

(fatness)

and

heart

diseases.

For

questions

6-10,

complete

the

sentences

and

answer

the

questions

while

you

listen.

Do

not

use

more

than

three

words

for

each

answer.

You

will

hear

the

recording

twice.

You

now

have

25

seconds

to

read

the

sentences

and

questions

below.

(5

points)The

reports

that

the

number

of

overweight

people

is

increasing.6Obese

people

are

fatter

than

those

who

are

.7Health

experts

fear

this

increase

in

obesity

will

lead

to

an

increase

in

the

number

of

people

with

heart

.8is

another

common

problem

caused

by

obesity.

9People

in

cities

eat

fewer

fruits

and

vegetables

and

more

fatty

foods

and

foods

with

no

.10Part

CDirections:You

will

hear

three

pieces

of

recorded

material.

Before

listening

to

each

one,

you

will

have

time

to

read

the

questions

related

to

it.

While

listening,

answer

each

question

by

choosing

A,

B,

C

or

D.

After

listening,

you

will

have

time

to

check

your

answers.

You

will

hear

each

piece

once

only.Questions

11-13

are

based

on

the

following

talk

about

the

great

musician

Beethoven.

You

now

have

15

seconds

to

read

questions

11-13.11.

Beethoven

was

firmly

established

as

the

greatest

composer

of

his

time.Awith

his

powerful

middle-period

works.Bwhen

his

first

three

piano

concertos,

his

first

two

symphonies

and

a

set

of

six

string

quartets

were

finished.Caround

1802.Daround

1795.12.

The

years

after

1812

were

relatively

unproductive

because

.Ahe

felt

good

in

his

romantic

relationshipsBhe

realized

that

his

hearing

was

compromisedChe

felt

inadequate

to

create

more

musical

piecesDHe

was

seriously

depressed13.

For

Beethoven,

the

act

of

composition

had

always

been

a

;

in

the

late

works

the

sense

of

agonizing

effort

is

a

part

of

the

music.AenjoymentBplayCstruggleDroutineYou

now

have

30

seconds

to

check

your

answers

to

Questions

11-13.Questions

14-16

are

based

on

the

following

talk

about

how

separate

public

schools

for

boys

and

girls

in

the

United

States.

You

now

have

15

seconds

to

read

questions

14-16.14.

The

Bush

administration's

attitude

towards

the

single-sex

school

is

.AdisapprovedBsupportiveCvagueDignore15.

For

thirty

years,

the

government

has

generally

disapproved

of

these

single-sex

public

schools.

It

has

done

so

because

of

.A1972

law

called

Title

NineBthe

government

bans

unequal

treatment

based

on

sexCEducation

Department

officials

say

they

will

reconsider

the

lawDchildren

can

learn

better

in

single-sex

schools16.

Which

of

the

following

statement

is

NOT

TRUE?Agirls

who

attend

school

with

boys

may

not

do

as

well

as

the

boys.Bsome

teachers

and

schools

do

not

treat

girls

equallyCsingle-sex

education

generally

does

not

appear

to

help

girls.Dresearch

about

the

effects

of

same-sex

schools

has

shown

no

resultsYou

now

have

30

seconds

to

check

your

answers

to

Questions

14-16.Questions

17-20

are

based

on

the

following

talk

about

a

new

healthy

drink

developed

by

the

Coca-Cola

company

for

people

in

developing

countries.

You

now

have

15

seconds

to

read

questions

17-20.17.

The

new

drink

Vitango

.Atastes

like

orange

drinkBcontains

twenty

vitamins

and

mineralsCdesigned

to

help

prevent

blood

problems,

blindness

and

other

common

sicknessesDfor

people

in

developing

countries18.

The

United

Nations

Children's

Fund

says

the

most

common

vitamins

lacking

in

the

diets

of

people

in

developing

countries

does

not

include

.Aiodine

Bvitamin

ACzincDcalcium19.

Many

in

developing

countries

do

not

receive

enough

zinc

in

their

diets.AchildrenBmenCwomenDpregnant

women20.

Which

of

the

following

statement

is

NOT

TRUE?AVitango

is

fully

developedBit

will

be

on

the

market

by

the

end

of

.CThe

Coca-Cola

Company

will

offer

it

first

in

at

least

one

country

in

Africa

and

South

America.Dthe

company

hopes

to

sell

it

throughout

the

world

at

as

low

a

cost

as

possible.You

now

have

40

seconds

to

check

your

answers

to

Questions

17-20.You

now

have

5

minutes

to

transfer

all

your

answers

from

your

test

booklet

to

ANSWER

SHEET

1.That

is

the

end

of

Listening

Comprehension.SectionⅡUse

of

EnglishDirections:For

each

numbered

blank

in

the

following

passage,

there

are

four

choices

marked

A,

B,

C

and

D.

Choose

the

best

one

and

mark

your

answer

on

ANSWER

SHEETⅠby

blackening

the

corresponding

letter

in

the

brackets

with

a

pencil.

(10

points)During

recent

years

we

have

heard

much

about“race”:

how

this

race

does

certain

things

and

that

race

believes

certain

things

and

so

on.

Yet,

the21phenomenon

of

race

consists

of

a

few

surface

indications.

We

judge

race

usually22the

coloring

of

the

skin:

a

white

race,

a

brown

race,

a

yellow

race

and

a

black

race.

But23you

were

to

remove

the

skin

you

could

not24anything

about

the

race

to

which

the

individual

belonged.

There

is25in

physical

structure.

The

brain

or

the

internal

organs

to26a

difference.

There

are

four

types

of

blood.27types

are

found

in

every

race,

and

no

type

is

distinct

to

any

race.

Human

brains

are

the28.

No

scientists

could

examine

a

brain

and

tell

you

the

race

to

which

the

individual

belonged.

Brains

will29in

size,

but

this

occurs

within

every

race.30does

size

have

anything

todo

with

intelligence.

The

largest

brain31examined

belonged

to

a

person

of

weak32.

On

the

other

hand,

some

of

our

most

distinguished

people

have

had33brains.

Mental

tests

which

are

reasonably34show

no

differences

inintelligence

between

races.

High

and

low

test

results

both

can

be

recorded

by

different

members

of

any

race.35equaleducationaladvantages,

there

will

be

no

difference

in

average

standings,

either

on

account

of

race

or

geographical

location.

Individuals

of

every

race36civilization

to

go

backward

or

forward.

Training

and

education

can

change

the

response

of

asgroupsof

people,37enable

them

a

behave

in

a38way.

The

behavior

and

ideals

of

people

change

according

to

circumstances,

but

they

can

always

go

back

or

go

on

to

something

new39is

better

and

higher

than

anything40the

past.

21.

A.

complete

B.

full

C.

total

D.

whole22.

A.

in

B.

from

C.

at

D.

on23.

A.

since

B.

if

C.

as

D.

while24.

A.

speak

B.

talk

C.

tell

D.

mention25.

A.

something

B.

everythingC.

nothing

D.

anything26.

A.

display

B.

indicate

C.

demonstrate

D.

appear27.

A.

All

B.

Most

C.

No

D.

Some28.

A.

same

B.

identical

C.

similar

D.

alike29.

A.

remain

B.

increase

C.

decrease

D.

vary30.

A.

Only

B.

Or

C.

Nor

D.

So31.

A.

ever

B.

then

C.

never

D.

once32.

A.

health

B.

body

C.

mind

D.

thought33.

A.

big

B.

small

C.

minor

D.

major34.

A.

true

B.

exact

C.

certain

D.

accurate35.

A.

Provided

B.

ConcerningC.

Given

D.

Following36.

A.

make

B.

cause

C.

move

D.

turn37.

A.

and

B.

but

C.

though

D.

so38.

A.

ordinary

B.

peculiar

C.

usual

D.

common39.

A.

that

B.

what

C.

whichever

D.

whatever40.

A.

for

B.

to

C.

within

D.

inSectionⅢReading

ComprehensionPart

ADirections:Each

of

the

passages

below

is

followed

by

some

questions.

For

each

question

there

are

four

answers

marked［A］,［B］,［C］and［D］.

Read

the

passages

carefully

and

choose

the

best

answer

to

each

of

the

question.

Then

mark

your

answer

on

ANSWER

SHEET

I

by

blackening

the

corresponding

letter

in

the

bracket

with

a

pencil.

(40

points)Passage

OneIn

another

sign

that

Hispanics

will

dominate

California's

future,

a

university

study

has

found

the

ethnicsgroupsaccounted

for

nearly

half

of

all

births

in

the

state

by

the

end

of

the

last

decade.

Hispanic

mothers

had

247,796

of

the

521,265children

born

in

California

in

1998,

or

47.5

percent,

according

to

the

University

of

California,

Los

Angeles

study

released

in

December

.

Non-Hispanic

Whites

had

33.9

percent,

followed

by

Asians

and

Pacific

Islanders

with

10.7

percent.Blacks

represented

6.8

percent

of

births

and

American

Indians

a

half-percent

of

all

births.

California's

future

economic

health

depends

upon

those

Hispanics,

who

soon

will

be

the

majority

of

young

adults

and

hence

the

working

force,

says

David

Hayes-Bautista,

director

of

the

Center

for

the

Study

of

Latino

Health

and

Culture

at

UCLA.

The

study,

based

on

state

health

department

statistics,

confirms

the

ethnic

shift

that

made

the

year

California

officially

lost

its

White

majority.

The

U.S.

Census

showed

that

Hispanics

made

up

nearly

a

third

while

non-Hispanic

Whites

slipped

to

less

than

half

of

the

state's

total

population

of

33.9

million.

California's

experience

is

part

of

a“sea

change”in

the

United

States,swheres23

states

already

have

Hispanics

as

their

largest

ethnic

minority.

Dr.

Harry

Pachon

says,“Hispanics

are

becoming

more

prominent

in

everything

from

movies

to

politics,and

that

is

good

for

the

state.

If

there

was

no

penetration

of

social

and

political

institutions,

then

you

would

have

an

isolated

minority

and

that's

a

recipefor

social

unrest.

On

the

other

hand,

by

the

third

generation

one

of

every

two

Hispanics

have

married

outside

of

their

ethnic

group.

There's

a

Latinization

of

America

but

there's

also

an

Americanization

of

Latinos.

By

third

generation,

a

lot

of

them

are

losing

their

Spanish,

they

prefer

American

NFL

to

soccer.”Overall,

nearly

65

percent

of

all

Hispanic

mothers

were

immigrants,

ranking

themsecond

to

Asian

and

Pacific

Islanders

at

more

than

84

percent.

The

babies

tend

to

grow

up

healthy

as

well.

Studies

have

shown

that

at

virtually

all

stages

of

life,

Hispanics,

at

least

in

California,

Arizona

and

Texas,

tended

to

suffer

fewer

major

health

problems,

such

as

heart

attacks,

cancer

and

strokes,

than

other

ethnic

groups,

Hayes-Bautista

noted.

Only

about

15

percent

of

Hispanic

mothers

were

19

years

old

or

younger.

By

comparison

nearly

17

percent

of

Blacks

and

19

percent

of

American

Indians

were

teen-agers.

Non-Hispanic

Whites

had

a

figure

of

nearly

7

percent.

41.

Hispanic

mothers

had

of

the

babies

born

in

California

in

1998.A50%B47.5%C33.9%D10.7%42.

David

Hayes-Bautista

believes

that

.AHispanics

will

become

the

backbone

of

future

Californian

economyBthe

white

culture

will

dominate

California's

futureCthe

state

government

should

keep

control

on

the

population

growthDthe

population

distribution

should

be

somehow

re-arranged43.

By

,

Carlifornia

has

.Amore

Hispanics

than

any

other

ethnic

groupBwhite

people

as

minorityCNonHispanic

white

is

still

the

largestsgroupsby

numberDAsian

population

of

1／344.

Dr.

Harry

Pachon

is

most

likely

to

agree

with

which

of

the

following

statements?AIt's

good

that

Hispanics

are

more

involved

in

politics.BSocial

unrests

are

more

likely

to

occur

when

one

ethnicsgroupsbecomes

overpowering.CHispanics

are

more

likely

to

marry

within

their

own

ethnic

group.DLatinization

of

America

is

taking

place

faster

than

the

Americanization

ofLatinos.45.

What

can

be

inferred

from

the

last

paragraph?AThe

percentage

of

immigrant

Hispanic

mothers

is

the

highest

among

all

ethnic

groups.BHispanic

babies

all

over

the

United

States

are

typically

healthier

than

other

babies.CNon-Hispanic

White

mothers

are

the

least

likely

to

be

teenagers.DNearly

19

percent

of

Blacks

were

teenagers.Passage

TwoMore

Americans

are

cohabiting-living

together

out

of

wedlock-than

ever.

Some

experts

applaud

the

practice,

but

others

warn

playing

house

doesnt

always

lead

tomarital

bliss.

At

one

time

in

America,

living

together

out

of

wedlock

was

scandalous.

Unmarried

couples

who“shacked

up”were

said

to

be“living

in

sin.”Indeed,

cohabitation

was

illegal

throughout

the

country

until

about

1970.

(It

remains

illegal

in

12

states,

although

the

laws

are

rarely,

if

ever,

enforced.)

Today,

statistics

tell

a

different

tale.

The

number

of

unwed

couples

living

together

hasrisen

to

a

new

high-more

than

4.1

million

as

of

March

1997,

according

to

the

Census

Bureau.

That

figure

was

up

from

3.96

million

couples

the

previous

year

and

represents

a

quantum

leap

from

the

430,000

cohabiting

couples

counted

in

1960.

The

bureau

found

that

cohabiting

is

most

popular

in

the

24-to-35

age

group,

accounting

for

1.6

million

such

couples.

Cohabitants

say

they

live

together

primarily

to

solidify

their

love

and

commitment

to

each

other,

studies

report.

Most

intend

to

marry;

only

13

percent

of

cohabitants

dont

expect

to

make

their

relationship

legal.

But

the

reality

for

many

couples

is

different:

Moving

in

doesnt

leadto“happily

ever

after.”Forty

percent

of

cohabitants

never

make

it

to

the

altar.

Of

the

60

percent

who

do

marry,

more

than

half

divorce

within

10

years

(compared

with

30

percent

of

married

couples

who

didnt

live

together

first).

Cohabiting

partners

are

more

unfaithful

and

fight

more

often

than

married

couples,

according

to

research

by

the

Howard

Center

for

Family,

Religion

and

Society.

Other

studies

have

come

to

equally

dour

conclusions.

Still,

experts

predict

the

number

of

cohabiting

couples

is

likely

to

grow.

As

the

children

of

the

baby

boomers

come

of

age,

theyre

likely

to

defer

marriage,

asdid

their

parents.

This

will

lead

to

more

cohabitation

and

nontraditional

families.

Analyst

Robert

Knight

of

the

Family

Research

Council

agrees

the

trend

will

hold

for

the

near

future.

Until

people

discover

that

living

together

has

pitfalls,

it

wont

wane

in

popularity,

says

Knight,

author

of

Age

of

Consent:

The

Riseof

Relativism

and

Corruption

of

Popular

Culture.

Cohabiting

has

been

portrayed

with“careful

neutrality”in

the

media,

and

Hollywood

celebrities

who

move

in

and

out

of

each

other's

homes

set

the

standard.

But

Warren

Farrell,

the

San

Diego-based

author

of

Why

Men

Are

the

Way

They

Are,

argues

that

living

together

is

a

good

idea

for

a

short

period.“To

make

the

jumpfrom

dating,

when

we

put

our

best

foot

forward,

to

being

married”-without

showing

each

other

the“shadow

side

of

ourselves”-is

to

treat

marriage

frivolously,he

says.

46.

It

is

suggested

in

the

passage

that

.Acohabitation

is

still

illegal

in

all

the

states

in

the

United

Statesbut

people

do

it

anywayBpeople

believe

it

is

sinful

for

unmarried

couples

to

live

togetherCmost

of

married

people

have

had

some

experience

of

cohabiting

with

someoneDunmarried

couples

almost

never

encounter

legal

troubles

for

living

together47.

Based

on

the

numbers

provided

in

the

passage,

it

can

be

inferred

that.Athe

number

of

cohabiting

couples

has

gone

up

tremendously

since

the

1960sBcohabitation

did

not

become

legal

in

the

United

States

until

1960Cmost

of

the

couples

living

together

eventually

dont

get

marriedDdivorce

rate

among

the

cohabitants

is

similar

to

that

of

the

married

couples

who

didnt

live

together

first48.

In

the

year

1996,

the

number

of

people

involved

in

cohabitations

was

.A4.1

millionB3.96

millionC430,000D1.6

million49.

Experts

say

the

current

trend

of

cohabitation

will

persist

because

.Ayoung

people

today

oftentimes

come

from

broken

familiesBpeople

are

often

unaware

of

the

danger

of

living

togetherCpeople

tend

to

follow

the

examples

of

Hollywood

celebrities

who

are

often

involved

in

cohabitationDboth

B

and

C50.

What

does

the

word“frivolously”(last

paragraph,

last

line)

most

probably

mean?AemotionallyBlightlyCresponsiblyDfalselyPassage

ThreeA

report

on

a

new

software

that

enables

eyes

to

do

the

typing

appears

in

Wednesday's

edition

of

the

journal

Nature.

Replacing

a

keyboard

or

mouse,

eye-scanningcameras

mounted

on

computers

have

become

necessary

tools

for

people

without

limbs

or

those

affected

with

paralysis.

The

camera

tracks

the

movement

of

the

eye,

allowing

users

to“type”on

a

virtual

keyboard

as

they

look

at

the

screen.

And

now,

researchers

from

the

Cavendish

Laboratory

at

Cambridge

University

say

they

have

developed

software

that

replaces

the

standard

QWERTY

keyboard

layout

with

onethat

is

nearly

twice

as

efficient,

more

accurate

and

easier

on

the

eyes.

CalledDasher,

the

prototype

program

tapssintosthe

natural

gaze

of

the

eye

and

makes

predictable

words

and

phrases

simpler

to

write.

Any

off-the-shelf

camera

capable

of

scanning

eye

movement

can

be

used

with

Dasher,

though

the

person

must

sit

fairly

still

during

the

interaction.

The

letters

of

the

alphabet

appear

in

a

single

column

on

the

right

of

the

screen,

with

an

underscore

symbol

to

represent

a

space.

Each

letter

is

framed

by

a

colored

box.

As

the

user

looks

at

a

particular

letter

on

the

right

side

of

the

screen

and

drags

it

to

the

left

with

their

eye,

another

sub-alphabet

column

begins

to

emerge

inside

the

box

on

the

right-hand

side,

along

with

more

letters

framed

in

colored

boxes.

Dasher

is

designed

to

anticipate

which

letter

will

be

needed,

so

although

the

successive

sub-alphabet

columns

are

initially

very

small,

the

letters

or

combination

of

letters

that

simultaneously

appear

are

most

likely

to

be

used

next

in

that

sequence.

For

example,

if

a

person

starts

with

the

letter“h,”the

language

models

in

Dasher

will

bring

up“a,”“e,”“i,”“o”and“u”in

the

sub-alphabet

box,

along

with

a

few

other

possible

combinations

like“ello”to

form

the

word“hello.”Each

box

has

a

complete

alphabet

within

it,

though

the

firstletters

to

appear

have

the

highest

probability

of

usage.

The

letters

are

then

placed

together

to

form

a

sentence

on

the

left

side

of

the

screen.

Researchers

say

people

will

be

able

to

write

up

to

25

words

per

minute

with

Dasher

compared

to

on-screen

keyboards,

which

they

say

average

about

15

words

per

minute.

With

a

bit

of

practice,

MacKay

said,

Dasher

offers

an

easier

and

more

satisfying

way

for

disabled

people

to

communicate,

providing

them

with

better

tools

to

write

e-mail

or

create

word

processor

files.

MacKay

said

Dasher

could

work

inmost

languages.51.“Paralysis”(paragraph

1,

line

4)

is

probably

.Ashort-sightednessBallergyCinability

to

moveDcolor-blindness52.

With

the

new

software

Dasher,

people

can

type

with

their

eyes

through.Aa

computer

screen

with

eye-scanning

sensorsBan

eye-scanning

camera

on

computerCa

colored

box

attached

to

the

computerDa

regular

keyboard

with

sensors53.

The

new

method

of

typing

will

most

benefit

those

people

who

.Ahave

reading

difficultiesBare

physically

challengedCare

visually

incompetentDdo

not

have

a

big

vocabulary54.

The

software

Dasher

.Ais

able

to

predict

the

next

sequence

of

words

the

user

is

going

to

writeBdoes

not

allow

the

user

to

move

a

lot

during

the

interactionChas

to

be

used

with

eye-scanning

cameras

specially

designed

for

the

softwareDcan

form

coherent

sentences

based

on

the

first

word

typed

in

by

the

user55.

Which

of

the

following

is

true

about

Dasher?AIt

can

be

used

to

write

15

more

words

than

onscreen

keyboard.BIt

is

easier

to

use

than

ordinary

keyboards.CIt

can

provide

hints

for

possible

letters

to

be

written.DIt

is

an

independent

text

processor.Passage

FourFederal

researchers

are

crediting

sexual

abstinence

and

increased

contraception

use

as

the

main

reasons

for

the

recent

declines

in

teen

pregnancy,

abortion

and

birthrates.

The

teen-pregnancy

rate

fell

to

a

record

low

in

1997,

reflecting

a

slide

in

pregnancy,

abortion

and

birthrates

that

began

earlier

in

the

decade,

sayresearchers

with

the

National

Center

for

Health

Statistics

(NCHS).

The

1997

teen-pregnancy

rate,

the

most

recent

figure

available,

was

94.3

pregnancies

per

1,000

teens

ages

15

to

19,

or

872,000

pregnancies.

This

is

19

percent

lower

than

the

teen-pregnancy

rate

in

1991,

when

the

rate

peaked

at

116.5

pregnancies

per

1,000

teens.

This

also

is

the

lowest

rate

since

1976,

when

consistent

collection

ofnational

pregnancy

rates

began.

Jennifer

Manlove,

a

researcher

with

Child

Trends

Inc.,

thinks

teen-pregnancy

rates

may

continue

to

fall

since

abortion

rates

have

been

declining

and

teen

birthrates

fell

in

both

1998

and

1999.

Pregnancy

rates

are

based

on

the

number

of

livebirths,

induced

abortions

and

fetal

losses,

such

as

miscarriage

or

stillbirth.

In

1997,

the

teen-pregnancy

rate

included

52.3

live

births,

27.5

abortions

and

14.5

fetal

losses

per

1,000

teens.

The

total

pregnancy

rate

in

1997

also

was

a

record

low,

with

103.7

pregnancies

per

1,000

women

ages

15

to

44.

The

6.2

million

pregnancies

included

3.88

million

live

births,

1.33

million

abortions

and

0.98

million

fetal

losses.

The

findings

are

greatly

encouraging,

especially

since

teen-pregnancy

rates

fellfor

all

racial

and

ethnic

groups.

Experts

urge

parents

to

talk

to

their

teens

about

pregnancy

issues.

The

White

House

is

dedicated

to

doing

its

part

as

well,

requesting

million

to

strengthen

the

role

of

fathers

in

families,

millionfor

teen

maternitysgroupshomes

and

equal

funding

for

abstinence

education

and

programs

that

teach

about

contraception

use.

On

the

other

hand,

35

national

organizations

recently

denounced

abstinence-only

education

as“government

censorship.”A

program

that

exclusively

teaches

youngpeople

to

be

sexually

abstinent

until

marriage“silences

speech

about

sexual

orientation,”undermines

church-state

separation

and

is“ineffective,

unnecessary

and

dangerous,”claim

leaders

of

the

National

Coalition

Against

Censorship.

Leaders

of

Project

Reality,

an

abstinence

program

in

Golf,

Ill.,

counters

that

some

of

the

coalition's

members

have“a

vested

interest”in

ending

federal

funding

for

abstinence

education

because

it

competes

with

their

safe-sex

approach.

John

Diggs,

a

member

of

the

Physicians

Consortium,

also

criticizes

the

coalition,

arguing

that

it

is

hypocritical

to

teach

that

condoms“make

sex

safe”when

theydont

protect

against

sexually

transmitted

diseases.56.

It

is

suggested

that

in

the

year

1997,

.Ateen-pregnancy

rates

peaked

at

116.5

pregnancies

per

1,000

teensBpromotion

of

the

use

of

contraception

and

sexual

abstinence

startedCteen-pregnancy

rates

fell

to

a

historically

lowest

pointDthe

teen-pregnancy

rates

were

still

consistently

high57.

Consistent

collection

of

national

pregnancy

rates

did

not

begin

until.A1971B1976C1991D199758.

Jennifer

Manlove

would

probably

agree

with

which

of

the

following

statements?ATeen

pregnancy

rates

usually

do

not

follow

a

clearly

identifiable

patternBTeen

pregnancy

rates

may

continue

to

go

down

based

on

the

trend

from

previous

years.CThe

pregnancy

rates

of

1998

and

1999

are

not

necessarily

accurate

predictors

of

future

trends.DTeenage

girls

should

prioritize

natural

births

instead

of

abortions.59.

What

can

be

inferred

from

the

numbers

provided

in

the

passage?AMost

girls

choose

abortion

rather

than

live

births.BTeen

pregnancy

rates

fell

only

within

the

white-ethnic

group.CTeen

pregnancy

rates

have

been

declining

through

the

1990s.DThe

total

pregnancy

rates

for

all

American

women

was

record

low

in

1997.

60.

Leaders

of

the

National

Coalition

Against

Censorship

believe

that

.Athe

government

is

not

doing

its

part

in

promoting

sexual

abstinenceBsexual

abstinence

education

is

doing

more

harm

than

goodCthe

government

should

not

teach

the

teenagers

to

practice

safe

sexDthe

government

should

invest

more

funding

to

reduce

teen

pregnanciesPart

BDirections：Read

the

following

Text

carefully

and

then

translate

the

underlined

sentencessintosChinese.(10

points)What

has

happened

to

the

American

family-the

fraying

effect

of

harassed

workingparents,

the

stranglehold

of

the

media,

the

pressures

of

peer

culture-is

a

theme

much

ranted

about.

Yet

one

aspect

of

what

has

happened

has

been

overlooked

:kids

like

those

we

see

in“Kids”-they

come

from

all

over

the

social

spectrum-never

seem

to

sit

down

to

a

proper

meal

at

home

anymore-61.This

isnot

another

pious

harangue(高谈阔论)

on“spiritual

starvation”;this

is

about

the

fact

that

we

may

be

witnessing

the

first

generation

in

history

that

has

not

been

required

to

participate

in

that

primal

rite

of

socialization,the

family

meal.

62.

The

family

meal

is

not

only

the

core

curriculum

in

the

school

ofcivilized

discourse;

it

is

also

a

set

of

protocols(典礼)

that

curb(阻挠)

our

natural

savagery

and

our

animal

greed

and

cultivate

a

capacity

for

sharing

and

thoughtfulness.Dinner

rituals

have

nothing

to

do

with

class,

or

working

women's

busy

lives,

orany

particular

family

structure.

Ive

had

dinners

of

boiled

potatoes

with

families

in

Siberia,

suppers

of

delicious

cold

cuts

with

single

welfare

mothers

in

Chicago,

bowls

of

watery

gruel

in

the

Sahara-63.all

made

memorable

by

the

grace

with

which

they

were

offered

and

by

the

sight

of

youngsters

learning

through

experience

the

art

of

human

companionship.

The

teenagers

ondisplay

in“Kids”are

not

only

physically

starved

by

the

junk

food

they

consume

as

they

slouch

in

front

of

the

TV

or

lope

toward

their

next

bacchanal.

Far

worse,

they

are

deprived

of

the

main

course

of

civilized

life-the

practice

of

sitting

down

at

the

dinner

table

and

observing

the

attendant

conventions.

Like

the

Passover

seder

or

the

Communion

bread,the

ritual

of

nutrition

helps

to

imbue

families,

and

societies

at

large,

with

greater

empathy

and

fellowship.-64.

However,

all

rituals

involve,to

some

degree,

a

sacrifice,

and

the

home

meal

requires

genuine

sacrifices

of

time

and

energy,large

expenditures

of

those

very

traits

it

nurturespatience,compassion

and

selfdiscipline.Many

of

the

teenagers

in“Kids”-the

more

affluent

ones-are

the

offspring

of

the“me

generation,”members

of

what

Christopher

Lasch

called“the

culture

of

narcissism(自恋).”And

those

parents

may

be

the

most

at

fault.

Might

it

be

that

they

have

stinted

on

the

socializing

of

their

children

by

focusing

on

their

own

rituals

of

selfimprovement-enjoying

their

workout

highs

at

health

clubs

or

their

learning

highs

in

evening

classes.-65.How

much

more

fun

it

is,

how

much

less

tiring,for

us

to

enjoy

a

fine,quiet

dinner

by

ourselves,or

with

our

buddies(哥们),without

the

litany(许多)

of

questions

and

corrections

that

y