2023学年完整版Unit4Astronomythescienceofthestars同步测试6

Unit4Astronomythescienceofthestars同步测试Ⅰ.单项填空1．(2013·山东青岛二中月考)Afterthe18thCPCNationalCongress,manynewlawsandpolicieswillbe________tomakesureoftherapidandsteadygrowthofChina'seconomy.A．inpower B．incontrolC．inauthority D．inforce解析：inforce生效。句意：十八大后，许多新法律和政策将会生效来保证中国经济的快速平稳增长。答案：D2．Ararevirusjustattackedmycomputer________，soithasbrokendown.A．theory B．systemC．style D．design解析：system体制，系统；theory理论；style风格；design设计，布局。句意：一种罕见的病毒刚刚攻击了我的电脑系统，导致电脑坏了。答案：B3．(2013·三亚调研)Thebusdriveraskedthepassengersnottohurryandgetonthebus________.A．inturn B．inreturnC．intime D．incase解析：inturn依次，轮流；inreturn作为回报；intime及时；incase以防万一，万一。句意：那个公车司机对乘客说不要着急，一个一个上车。答案：A4．Itiswidelyknownthattoomuchdecorationinthehousehasa(n)________effectonthehealth.A．violent B．usefulC．harmful D．obvious解析：violent暴力的；useful有用的；harmful有害的；obvious明显的。句意：众所周知，室内过度装修会对人体健康有危害。答案：C5．Thebraveman________hisclothesandjumpedintotherivertosavethedrowningboy.A．pulledon B．putoffC．tookon D．pulledoff解析：句意：那位勇士(匆忙)脱下衣服，跳进河里救那个落水男孩。pulloff在此表示“(匆忙)脱下”。答案：D6．Whynotstayathome________theroadissoslipperyaftertheheavysnow?A．sincethat B．afterthatC．thenthat D．nowthat解析：句意：大雪过后既然道路这么滑，为什么不待在家呢？nowthat既然，符合句意。答案：D7．Heworkeddayandnight，________payingoffhisdebtswithintwoyears.A．and B．stillC．also D．thus解析：thus如此，这样；注意句中现在分词paying作结果状语，因此不能和连词and共用，只能选择副词thus。句意：他日夜工作，这样两年就还清了所有债务。答案：D8．(2013·通化检测)Treesonthismountainwouldpreventthesandfrom________.A．blowingaway B．tobeblownawayC．blownaway D．beingblownaway解析：preventsb./sth.(from)doingsth.阻止……做某事，根据句意可知sand和blowaway是被动关系，因此选beingdone。句意：这山上的树可以防止沙子被吹走。答案：D9．Don'tloseheart.Keeponworkinghard，andyou'llrealizeyourdream________.A．intime B．allthetimeC．ontime D．attimes解析：intime及时，迟早；allthetime一直；ontime按时；attimes有时。句意：不要灰心，继续努力，你迟早会实现自己的梦想。答案：A10．Thoughmostpeopleknowthatsmoking________theriskofcancer，itisstillhardforthemtogiveitup.A．multiplies B．addsC．combines D．gains解析：考查动词辨析。句意：尽管大多数人知道吸烟增加得癌症的几率，但是让他们戒掉依然很难。multiply增加。add增加(如果adds后加to则可选)；combine结合，联合；gain获得，得到。答案：A11．Allpeople，________theyareoldoryoung，richorpoor，havebeentryingtheirbesttohelpthoseinneedsincethedisaster.A．evenif B．whetherC．nomatter D．however解析：句意：自这次灾难以来，所有的人，不管他们是年老的还是年轻的，富有的还是贫穷的，都在尽自己最大的努力去帮助那些需要帮助的人。whether...or...是固定搭配，意为“无论是……还是……，不管是……还是……”。答案：B12．Thenewbridgeis________theonebuiltlastyear.A．threetimesaswideras B．threetimesthewidthofC．threetimesthewidth D．asthreetimesas解析：考查倍数表达法。A项中wider应用原级；C项表达残缺；D项应为threetimesaswideas。答案：B13．BeforetheLibyanwar________，manypeopleputawayinsafeplacespossessionstheycouldn'ttakewiththem.A．brokedown B．brokeupC．brokeout D．brokeoff解析：breakout爆发。句意：在利比亚战争爆发之前，许多人把不能带走的财物放到安全的地方。breakdown(机器)损坏，破坏；breakup打碎，分裂，解体；breakoff突然中止，中断。答案：C14．WhenMarywastalkingtoherfriendonthephone，someoneknockedatthehadto________theconversationandansweredthedoor.A．breakoff B．breakdownC．breakinto D．breakout解析：考查动词词组辨析。句意：玛丽正在给朋友打电话，这时有人敲门。她不得不中断谈话去开门。breakoff中断；停止讲话；breakdown停止运转；出故障；breakinto闯入；breakout爆发。答案：A15．Alifeguardisanexcellentswimmerwhoistrainedandemployedto________otherswimmersandrescueanyoneindangerofdrowning.A．watchover B．watchoutC．lookout D．lookover解析：考查动词词组辨析。句意：救生员是受过训练的优秀游泳者，他们受雇照看其他游泳者并救助有溺水危险的人。watchover看守；照顾；watchout注意，小心；lookout找出；留意；lookover浏览。答案：AⅡ.阅读理解(2012·辽宁高考)Astronautsonshortershuttlemissions(使命)oftenworkverylongarescheduledsotightlythatbreaktimesareoftenusedtofinishtheday'stypeofscheduleisfartoodemandingforlongmissionsontheInternationalSpaceStation(ISS)．ISScrewmembersusuallyliveinspaceforatleastaquarterofaworkfivedaysonandtwodaysofftomimicthenormalwaytheydothingsonEarthasmuchasgivethecrewvaluabletimetorestanddoafewhoursofcancommunicatewithfamilyandfriendsbyemail，internetphoneandthroughprivatevideoconferences.Whileastronautscannotgotoabaseballgameoramovieinorbit，therearemanyfamiliaractivitiesthattheycanstillamission，thefamilyandfriendsofeachISScrewmemberputtogetheracollectionoffamilyphotos，messages，videosandreadingmaterialfortheastronautstolookatwhentheywillbefloating370kilometersabovethetheirmission，thecrewalsoreceivescarepackageswithCDs,books，magazines，photosandasfromearly2010，theinternetbecameavailableontheISS，givingastronautsthechancetodosome“websurfing(冲浪)”intheirpersonalrelaxingwiththesemorecommonentertainments，astronautscansimplyenjoytheexperienceoflivinginspace.ManyastronautssaythatoneofthemostrelaxingthingstodoinspaceistolookoutthewindowandstareattheuniverseandthetheshuttleandtheISScircletheplanetseveraltimeseachday，andeverymomentoffersanewviewoftheEarth'svastlandmassandoceans.1．Whatdoestheword“mimic”inParagraph1probablymean?A．Find. B．Copy.C．Change. D．Lose.2．WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesthefamiliesoftheastronautsontheISS?A．Theyarecaringandthoughtful.B．Theyareworriedandupset.C．Theyareimpatientandannoyed.D．Theyareexcitedandcurious.3．Inthefinalparagraph，theauthorshowsthatastronauts________.A．getmorepleasureinspacethanontheEarthB．findlivinginspaceabitboringandtiringC．regardspacelifeascommonD．lovetoseetheEarthfromspace4．Thepassagemainlydiscusseshowastronauts________.A．workforlongermissionsinspaceB．connectwithpeopleontheEarthC．observetheEarthfromspaceD．spendtheirfreetimeinspace答案与解析1．B词义猜测题。根据theydothingsonEarth可知他们练习模仿他们在地球上的生活方式，故选B项。2．A推理判断题。从第二段第二句他们的家人和朋友将会把许多的家庭照、信息、视频和阅读材料放在一起供宇航员观看可知，他们的家人考虑的很周到也很体贴，故选A项。3．D推理判断题。从“...oneofthemostrelaxingthingstodoinspaceistolookoutthewindowandstareattheuniverseandtheEarth.”及“...everymomentoffersanewviewoftheEarth'svastlandmassandoceans.”可知选D项。4．D主旨大意题。本文主要叙述了宇航员的空余时间是如何度过的，故选D项。Ⅲ.阅读填句(2012·北京高考)EmpathyLastyear,researchersfromtheUniversityofMichiganreportedthatempathy,theabilitytounderstandotherpeople，amongcollegestudentshaddroppedsharplyoverthepast10Today，peoplespendmoretimealoneandarelesslikelytojoingroupsandclubs.JenniferFreed，aco­directorofateenprogram，hasanotherontheTV，andyou'reshoweredwithnewsandrealityshowsfullofpeoplefighting，competing，andgenerallytreatingoneanotherwithnoTherearegoodreasonsnottofollowthosebadaresociallyrelatedbyResearchershavealsofoundthatempatheticteenagersaremorelikelytohavehighself­，empathycanbeacureforloneliness，sadness，anxiety，andfear.Empathyisalsoanindicationofagoodfact，Freedsays，manytopcompaniesreportthatempathyisoneofthemostimportantthingstheylookforinnew“Academicsareifyoudon'thaveemotional(情感的)intelligence，youwon'tbeassuccessfulinworkorinyourlovelife，”shesays.What'sthebestwaytoupyourEQ(情商)？Forstarters，letdownyourguardandreallylistentoToreallydevelopempathy，you'dbettervolunteeratanursinghomeorahospital，joinacluborateamthathasadiversemembership，havea“sharingcircle”withyourfamily，orspendtimecaringforpetsatananimalshelter.A．Everyoneisdifferent，andlevelsofempathydifferfrompersontoperson.B．Thatcouldbebecausesomanypeoplehavereplacedfacetimewithscreentime，theresearcherssaid.C．“Onedoesn'tdevelopempathybyhavingalotofopinionsanddoingalotoftalking，”Freedsays.D．Humanslearnbyexample­andmostoftheexamplesonitareanythingbutempathetic.E．Empathyisamatteroflearninghowtounderstandsomeoneelse—bothwhattheythinkandhowtheyfeel.F．Goodsocialskills—includingempathy—areakindof“emotionalintelligence”thatwillhelpyousucceedinmanyareasoflife.G．Havingrelationshipswithotherpeopleisanimportantpartofbeinghuman—andhavingempathyisdecisivetothoserelationships.答案1—5BDGFCⅣ.短文改错(2012·浙江高考)Twoyearsbefore,ItraveledtoBrazilandIrentedforacar.Unfortunate，Ihadanaccidentandhitanothercar,andIneededtostayinahospitalforatleasttwoweek.Icalledmyparents,soIdidnottellthemwhathadhappened.Iknewthattheywillbeworriedaboutmyselfbe