化学药剂对人和环境的影响

TheImpactofChemicalsandPesticidesonEnvironmentandFoodSafetyThelistofactressAside………………ZhaoTongQueen………………YouHanliSnowwhite…………ZhaoGuochunAppleTree…………ChenGuilianPesicide……………JiaTingtingChemicalpigment…ZhaoTongAside Asalistener,WeallknowthatSnowWhitewaspoisonedbyherstepmother,Butwhatkindofpoisondidthequeenuse?It’sstillamyste-ry.Now,it’sjusttherighttimeforallofyoutoknowthetruth.ShowtimeShowtimeSeasonFirstQueen:MR.Mirror,Whoisthemostbeautifulwomanintheworld?Mirror:Sonwwhite,myhighness.Queen:What?that’simpossible!NO,NO……Pesticide:Oh,myhighness,don’tworry,here,Ihaveanidea.Queen:Great,let’sdoitrightnow.ShowtimeSeasonSecondQueen:Pest？Pesticide.Pesticide:Oh,yes,myhighness.Queen:En,Buttheylooktoosmallandsougly. Chemicalpigment,it’syourturn.Chemicalpigment:Yes.ShowtimeSeasonThirdQueen:Oh,mydearSnow,youarehere,I’vebeenlookingforyouforalongtime,IswearI’llneverhurtyouagain,Look,hereisanbeautifulapple,justformybeautifulSnow.Snowwhite:Really?Wow,Howbeautifultheapp-leis!I’lltrustyouonemoretime,I’lleatitrightnow.Queen:Ha-ha-ha-ha……I’mthemostbeautifulwomanfromnowon,Youknowwhat?Snow,itisanapplefrom21stcentury,ha-ha-ha-haSnowwhite:Oh,no……CONTENTS123'LOGO'COMPANYLOGOTYPEINSERTIntroductionofPesticideTheHarmofPesticideSuggestionsPesticides,whichareanysubstanceintendedtopreventordestroypests,areusedtoprotectfoodfrombacteria,weeds,mold,insectsandro-dents.AccordingtotheEnvironmentalProtecti-onAgency,pesticidescanbeharmfultopeopl-e,animalsortheenvironmentbecausetheyaredesignedtokillorharmlivingorganisms.Beca-useofthis,pesticideresidueonthefoodsyoueatcanhaveaneffectonyourhealth.Thoughthegovernmentregulatespesticideuse,residu-esarestillfoundinourfoodsupply.Introductionofpesticides2

TheharmofpesticideNervousSystemWeakenedImmuneSystemBreastCancerLearningProblems2.1pesticidescanbeharmfultopeopleCONTENTSCLICKTOADDCONTENTS!2.1.1LearningProblems

AccordingtoaMay17,2010,articlepublishedonCNN.com,childrenwhoarefrequentlyexposedtoasmallamountoforganophosphates,apesticidefoundoncom-merciallygrownfruitandvegetables,aremorelikelytohaveattentiondeficithyperactivitydisorderthanchildrenwhohavebeenexposedlessoften.Exposuretothesepesticideshasalsobeenlinkedtobehaviorandlearningproblemsinchildren.CONTENTSCLICKTOADDCONTENTS!

2.1.2NervousSystem

Organophosphateshavealsobeenshowntoaffectthenervoussystem.AccordingtotheDepartmentofNaturalResourcesandEnvironment,signsofanaffectednervoussystemincludeexcesssalivation,stomachpain,vomiting,constipationanddiarrhea.Themostpesticidesarefoundoncelery,peaches,berries,apples,peppers,greens,gra-pesandpotatoes.Eatingthesecommerciallygrownfoo-dsmorefrequentlymightincreaseexposure.CONTENTSCLICKTOADDCONTENTS!2.1.3BreastCancer

AccordingtoEnvironmentalHealthPerspectives,ajournalpublishedbytheNationalInstituteofEnvironmentalHealthSciences,growingevidenceshowsthatpesticidesfoundincommerciallygrownfoodcanbelinkedtosomecasesofbreastcancer.Theriskincr-easeswithcombinedwithotherfactors,includinglifes-tyle,dietandgenes.CONTENTSCLICKTOADDCONTENTS!2.1.4WeakenedImmuneSystem

AccordingtotheGlobalHealingCenter,severalstudieshaveshownthatpesticidesa-ltertheimmunesysteminanimalsandmak-ethemmoresusceptibletodisease.Pesticideshavebeenfoundtoreducethenumbersofwhitebloodcellsanddisease-fightingly-mphocytes,makingtheirbodiesunabletokil-lbacteriaandviruses.AccordingtotheGHC,theyalsoaffectthedevelopmentofthesplee-nandthymusandspleen,twoimmuneorga-ns.However,studiesonhumanshavebeeninconclusive.2

Theharmofpesticide2.2pesticidescanbeharmfultoenvironmentWater2

Theharmofpesticide2.2pesticidescanbeharmfultoenvironmentAnimalsSoilCONTENTSCLICKTOADDCONTENTS!2.2.1Water

Awidevarietyofchemicalsandbiologicalproductsareusedtotreatthewaterandsedimen-tofpondsinsemiintensiveandintensivesouth-eastAsianshrimpfarming.Theseproductsarealsooftenusedinshrimphatcheriesandtodisin-fectequipmentforshrimppondmanagement.In-spiteofthesizeandimportanceoftheshrimpfarmingindustryinseveralsouth-eastAsiancou-ntries,documentationofthequalityandquantityofchemicalsandbiologicalproductsuseddurin-gfarmingisscarce.CONTENTSCLICKTOADDCONTENTS!2.2.2Soil

WithinthesoilTheinitialimpactmaybefeltatthelowestlevelofthefoodchain,limit-ingproductivityoftheprimaryproducerswi-thinthesystemThematerialthencouldbetransportedandaccumulatedtobiologicallyhazardousconcentrationsintheupperlevelsofafoodchainSensitivefunctionsmaybethepointofimpactforthesubstance,forexa-mple,asensitivemechanisminthenutrientcycleorthereproductiveprocessofakeyspeciesmaybeaffected.CONTENTSCLICKTOADDCONTENTS!2.2.3Animals

Changesinthedensityofaspeciesasaresultofexposuretotoxicchemicalscanincr-easesusceptibilityofthewholeecosystemtootherstressesIfthesameorsimilarspecie-swerenotavailableforrecolonization,longlastingeffectsintheecosystemcanresultTestmethodsneedtobedevelopedthatwillpermi-tidentificationofthosechangesresultingfromachemicalandthosethatareresultsofnat-uralfluctuations.3Suggestions1 Growyourownproduce.Growingyourowncropsmeansthatyoucanusehealthfu-lmethodstocontrolanypests.Therearea-llnaturalremediesforcontrollingpestsan-denrichingsoil.Oryoucanuseorganicpe-sticides.3Suggestions2 Thethreatofillnessfrompesticidesc-anbeminimizedwithafewactionstaken.Itisagoodideatokeepyourskinandfacecoveredwhenyouareincloseproximityofpesticidesuse.3Suggestions3 Ifgrowingyourowncropsisnotanoptio-n,shophealthy.Visityourlocalfarmer’smarke-tsforthefreshestorganicallygrownfoods.Atyourlocalgrocerystor