四级英语写作方法及练习

四级写作--------写作方法Contents

实用句型写作模板四级写作大纲要求历届四级作文回顾四级分段式写作方法写作选取考生熟悉的题材。考生需根据规定的题目和提供的提纲、情景、图片或图表等，写出一篇不少于120词的短文。写作要求是思想表达正确、意义连贯、无严重语言错误。考试时间30分钟。大学英语四级考试写作部分要求考生达到教育部高等教育司最新《大学英语课程教学要求》（教学大纲）中的一般要求，即“能完成一般性写作任务；能描述个人经历、观感、情感和发生的事件等；能写常见的应用文；能就一般性话题或提纲在半小时内写出120个词的短文，内容基本完整，用词恰当，语意连贯。能掌握基本的写作技能。”大纲要求：IntroductionA思想表达

1.表达中心思想写作

2.表达重要和特定信息

3.表达观点、态度等B篇章组织

4.围绕所给的题目叙述、议论或描述，突出重点

5.连贯地组句成段、组段成篇考核技能：IntroductionC语言运用

6.运用恰当的词汇

7.运用正确的语法

8.运用合适的句子结构

9.使用正确的标点符号

10.运用衔接手段表达句间关系（如对比、原因、结果、程度、目的等）

D写作格式

11.运用正确的符合英语表达习惯的写作格式

考核技能真题回顾：2011年12月英语四级作文Outlines:1.坚强的意志是成功的重要保证。2.意志坚定的人才能完成伟大的使命3.学生也是这样，不刻苦学习，终究不会成为有用之才NothingSucceedsWithoutaStrongNothingrunssmoothlyinourlife.Toachievethingssuccessfully,astrongwillisessential.LifeislikeaMarathon.Manypeoplecan’tgettotheterminal.Thisisnotbecausetheyarelackofvitalitybutbecausetheirwillofsuccessisnotstrongenough.Totakequittingsmokingasanexample,someregarditasapieceofcake.Theymakeuptheirmindstoquititinthemorning,butintheeveningtheyfeelthatthesmellofcigarettesistempting.Theirthroatsaresore,theirmouthsarethirsty,andtheirhandsareshaking.Afterthepainfulmentalstruggle,theytellthemselvesthat“Onecigaretteisenough.Justtakeone,andthenextdayIwillquitit.”Bydoingthis,theysurrendertotheirweakwill.Intheend,theyhavequittedsmoking“ahundredtimes”,butinnotimetheysucceed.Justlikequittingsmoking,nothingsucceedswithoutastrongwill.Tobesuccessfulinone’slife,astrongwillmeansthatyouknowwhereyougoandyouwillpersistontheroadyouchoose.Undoubtedlysuccessbelongstothosewhoovercometheirweakwillandwhohanginthereuntilthelastminute.2011年6月大学英语四级作文1．现在网上购物已成为一种时尚2．网上购物有很多好处，但也有不少问题3．我的建议注意：此部分试题在答题卡1上。DoingShoppingOnlineWiththedevelopmentoftheInternet,shoppingisnolongeratiringthing.Justclickyourmousetochoosethearticlesyoulike,andthepurchaseisdone.Youdon'tevenhavetostepoutoftheroom.Itseemsalleasyandquick.However,people'sopinionsvaryonthistrend.Somebelievethatonlineshoppingistimeandmoneysaving.Withplentifulselectionoptions,theycanbuywhatevertheylikeatanytimeconvenient.Stillothersinsistthatmis-purchasingaloneisannoyingenough,nottomentionthecredibilityofthesellersandthesafetyoftheiraccounts.Inmyopinion,theconvenienceandexcitementofonlineshoppingisbeyondalldoubts.Inthemeantime,wemustalwaysbearinmindthatcertaintrapsdoexist,sowe'dbettermakesurethesellersaretrustworthybeforebuying.Inaddition,weshouldalsoguardourselvesfromthepotentialhackerswhomightstealouraccountinformation.2010年12月大学英语四级作文真题

1.目前不少父母为孩子包办一切2.为了让孩子独立,父母应该……HowShouldParentsHelpChildrentoBeIndependent?参考范文HelpChildrentoBeIndependentThankstothe“familyplan”policy,todayinChinamanyfamilieshaveonechild.LovingandcaringforchildrenisanoldChinesetraditionthathasremainedforthousandsofyears.Butthechildrenarespoiltsomuchthattheyhavelessindependence.Theyrelyontheirparentsineverything.Thatisbadforachild'sgrowing.Therefore,parentsshoulddevelopthechildren'sindependenceinsteadofdoingeverythingforthem.Therearesomewaystohelpchildrentobeindependent.Firstofall,youshouldbelieveyourchildrencandothethingswell.Second,givethemmorechancestopractice,whentheydon'tknowhowtodoit,justtellthemtheway.Third,don'tbeafraidtoseethemfail.Inthebeginning,theymaydosomethingbad.Butdon'tworry,justletthemtryagain.Theycandotheworkaswellasyouifgivenmoretime.Tobeindependentisgoodforthechildren.Achildwhoisindependentwillsucceedeasilyinthefuture.2010年06月大学英语四级作文真题1.如今不少学生在英语学习中不重视拼写

2.出现这种情况的原因

3.为了改变这种状况，我认为…DueAttentionShouldBeGivenToSpelling

CorrectspellingisabasicskillinEnglishstudy.However,nowadaysmanystudentsdonotpaymuchattentiontoit.

Theyhavetheirownreasonsformisspelling.Firstofall,theylikeaneasywayofstudying,whichcausessomeomissionsandchangesinspelling.Second,theteachersmightnotbeverystrictinstudents’spelling.InChina,teachersseemtobemoreconcernedwithgrammarandvocabularybutnotspelling.

Tochangethissituation,inmyopinion,theteachersandthestudentsshouldworktogether.Ononeand,theteachersshouldgivemoreattentiontostudents’spelling,askingthestudentstobeconsciousoftheimportanceofcorrectspellingfromtheverybeginningoftheirEnglishstudy.Ontheotherhand,thestudentsthemselvesaresupposedtobeawarethatcorrectspellingisamustinEnglishstudy.

Tosumup,correctspellingissoimportantthatbothstudentsandtheteachersshouldsparenoeffortstoachievecorrectspelling.2009年12月大学英语四级作文真题1.建设绿色校园很重要

2.绿色校园不仅指绿色的环境……

3.为了建设绿色校园，我们应该……CreatingaGreenCampus

Recently,withtheideaofmakingandmaintaining“agreenearth”beingthefocusofthesociety,“greencampus”hasbecomeamoreandmorepopularconceptinuniversitiesorcolleges,which,undoubtedly,willbringusanever-lastingbenefittobothourcampusandoursociety.

Theconceptof“greencampus”doesnotonlymeanagreenenvironmentbutalsoreferstoanenvironmentalsenseinpeople’smind.Campusplaysacrucialroleineducatingtheyounggenerationandtheconsciousnessof“greencampus”willdefinitelyproduceaprofoundeffectonstudents’variousenvironmentalprotectionactivitiesaftertheirgraduation.What’smore,theyounggenerationisundertheburdenofsevereenvironmentalpollutionandtherearemanyproblemswaitingforthemtosolve.

Tomake“greencampus”cometrue,firstly,itisnecessarytoworkouteffectiveprinciplesforthedevelopmentofsustainableandrecyclablecampus.Secondly,itcallsforpeople’sawarenessoftheseriouspollutionaroundusandactualactiontoreducethewaste.Lastbutnotleast,itisnecessarytostrengthenthetiesbetweencampusandsociety,soastoensurethat“greencampus”canworksmoothlywiththeco-effortofthewholesociety.2009年06月大学英语四级作文真题1.越来越多的博物馆免费对外开放的目的是什么？2.也会带来一些问题3.你的看法？FreeAdmissiontoMuseumsNowadays,anincreasingnumberofmuseumsareadmission-freetovisitorshomeandabroad.Thehiddenreasonbehindthisisnothardtoanalyzeasthere’sagrowingawarenessfortheauthoritiesregardingtheurgencyofpopularizationofculture,knowledgeandhistorywitheveryaveragepersoninoursociety.Onlywithfreeaccesstothislive‘database’,canmostpeoplefullyenjoywhatmuseumscouldoffertothem.However,freeadmissiontomuseumsmightleadtosomesocialproblemsaswell.Themostobviousproblemisthatitmightgivemuseumsaveryheavyeconomicburdenwhichdirectlyimpedesthesustainabledevelopmentoftheseorganizations.Asaresult,ourgovernmenthastoworkoutotherwaystocollectfundsfromdifferentchannels,whichmightbedifficulttooperateorcontrol.Ontheotherhand,freeadmissionattractstoomanyvisitors,someofwhichmightnotbewell-purposedanddosomeconsciousorunconsciousdamagetothevaluabletreasureswhichusedtobewell-preservedinthemuseums.Asauniversitystudent,Iaminfavorofthefree-admissionconduct.Yetitisproposedthatsomemeasuresshouldbetakentosolvethepotentialproblemscausedbyit.Forexample,museumscanmakesomeregulationstoguidethebehaviorofvisitorsorsetsome‘closed’daysformuseumsforregularmaintenance.Onlyinthiswaycanfree-admissiontomuseumsbecomealong-lastingphenomenonandhavesustainabledevelopment.2008年12月大学英语四级作文真题怎样改善学生的心理健康1.学生心理健康的重要性2.学校应该怎样做3.学生自己应该怎样做Howtoimprovepsychologicalhealth?Asisknowntoall,psychologicalhealthisasimportantas,ifnotmoreimportantthan,physicalhealthforastudentduringhis/hergrowth.However,it'squiteworryingthatnowadayssomestudentsarenotquitepsychologicallyhealthy.Undoubtedly,schoolsanduniversitiesshouldtakegreataccountintheresponsibilitiesofstudents'psychologicalhealth.Relevantcoursesandactivitiesshouldbeintroducedtostudentssothattheywouldbemoreawareofthesignificanceofpsychologicalhealthandfindappropriatewaystomaintainandimproveit.Forexample,thereshouldbeapsychologicalcounselinghotlineorofficeforstudentstoturntowhentheyneedsomepsychologicalaid.Ofcoursenopsychologicalhealthcanbeobtainedwithouttheeffortsfromthestudentsthemselves.Frommyperspective,whattheycandoistryingtostaypositive,optimisticandfollowtherightguidelinesfromtheirschools.Tobemorespecific,theycanparticipateinsomeactivitiessuchasvoluntaryworktocultivateanopeningandcaringmind.Meanwhile,harmfulimpactsfromthecyberspaceshoulddefinitelybeavoided.2008年06月大学英语四级作文真题1.有人认为网络可以让学习、工作更有效率2.还有人认为网络让青少年沉迷，进而影响学习3.你对于网络的看法参考范文 TheInternetIntheeraofinformationandtechnology,theInternethasplayedanimportantroleinoursociety.WiththeInternet,it'seasytogettheinformationweneed,improvingtheefficiencyofourstudyandwork.Wecan'tdenythatitisimpossibleforlotsofpeopletoachievegreatsuccessinthemodernsocietywithouttheInternet.However,somepeoplethinkthattheInternethasabadeffectonthegrowthoftheteenagers.TheteenagersaretooyoungtoresistsometemptationsfromtheInternet.SomeofthemindulgethemselvesintheInternetandatlastareluredawayfromthestudy.Inmyopinion,weshouldpaymoreattentiontotheadvantagesoftheInternetandmakethemostofit.Meanwhile,weshouldteachtheteenagershowtousetheInternetpositively,andmaketheInternetatoolfortheirhealthydevelopment.2007年12月大学英语四级作文真题

1、各大学开设了各种各样的选修课

2、学生因为各种原因选择了不同的选修课3、以你自己为例……

WhatElectivesToChoose

WiththereformofChinesehighereducation,moreandmorecollegesanduniversitiesputemphasisonnurturingstudents’abilities.Asaresult,electivecoursesareavailablenotonlyforexcellentacademicperformersbutalsoforstudentsabouttheaveragelevel.

Certainly,studentshavedifferentreasonstochoosetheirownelectives.Forsome,practicalskillsaretheessenceofcollegeeducation,andtherefore,coursesoncomputerscience,marketing,andfinancearehighlypreferred.Ontheotherhand,othersmayholdtheideaofliberaleducationandelectivesconcerningliterature,history,andphilosophyarethemostwelcome.

Takemeasanexample:beingadiscipleoffreeeducation,Istandforthenotionthatuniversityisnotaplaceforsurvivalskills,butapalaceofknowledgeandcriticalreasoning.Althoughmymajorischemistry,theelectivesIattendmostfrequentlyareEnglishliterature,anIntroductiontoClassicMusic,andDifferentSchoolsofWesternPainting.Theyreallywidenmyhorizon.2007年06月大学英语四级作文真题欢迎辞，欢迎加入俱乐部。标题：Welcometoourclub本文要求考生写一篇欢迎辞，属于一篇应用文写作，与04年6月的导游词类似，笔者认为难度不大，可按照以下提纲书写：

1.表达你的欢迎；

2.对你们的俱乐部作一个简要介绍。参考范文： LadiesandGentlemen,

Firstofall,pleaseallowmetoexpressthemostheartfeltwelcometoallofyouonbehalfofourEnglishClub.Wehavebeenlookingforwardtoseeingyouforlong.Itisawonderfuldaytoday.

NowIwouldliketobriefmyclubtoyousinceIwanttoleavethemostwonderfulforyoutodiscover.Ourclub,organizingvariousactivitiesregularlycateringfortheneedsofparticipants,iswell-knownamongmanyEnglishlearners.IfyouwanttomeetnativeEnglishspeakers,pleasejoinus.IfyouwanttospeakEnglishnotonlyaccuratelybutalsofluently,pleasejoinus.IfyouwanttodiscoverthemostattractiveaspectsinEnglish,pleasejoinus.IdohopethatyouwillenjoyyourjourneyofEnglishstudywithus.Thankyou!

SincerelyYours

LiMing2012年6月大学英语四级作文真题

1.许多商品都存在过度包装的现象

2.出现这种现象的原因及其带来的后果

3.为了改变这种状况，我认为……

On

Excessive

Packaging

I

assume

that

you

are

familiar

with

the

phenomenon

of

“Excessive

Packaging”.

Taking

a

look

around，we

can

find

examples

with

ease：a

small

computer

is

packed

in

a

thick

and

heavycarton，clothes

are

putted

in

a

well-designed

plastic

bagsand

moon-cakes

are

usually

placed

in

delicate

boxes.

What

are

the

causes

of

this

problem?

On

the

one

hand,

to

earn

moreeconomic

gains,

a

considerable

number

of

manufactures

usually

wrap

their

products

with

unnecessary

but

appealing

materials

aiming

at

attracting

customer’s

attention

,

arousing

their

curiosity

and

then

stimulating

their

purchasing

desire.

On

the

other

hand,

quite

a

few

customers

believe

that

the

moredelicate

the

package

seems，the

superior

the

quality

will

be,the

notion

has

also

encouraged

the

trend

of

excessive

packaging.

To

change

this

situation,

I

think

we

should

take

the

following

measures.

First,

laws

must

be

made

and

implemented

to

impose

restriction

onexcessive

packaging.

Moreover,

a

public

education

campaign

should

be

launched

to

arouse

customers'

consciousness

that

packaging

doesn't

equal

to

quality.

Only

in

this

way

can

we

put

an

end

to

this

trend.

(185words)2012年12月大学英语四级作文真题1.你的基本情况yourbasicinformation12.你申请贷款的原因、数额及用途youreasonfortheloan,theamountandpurpose3.你如何保证专款专用以及你的还款打算参考范文：EducationPaysTheabovebarchartclearlyshowsuseducationpaysin2010.Weseethatunemploymentrateofthosewithhighereducationbackgroundismuchlowerthanthosewithlowereducationdegree.Forinstance,theunemploymentrateofcollegestudentswithnodegreeisashighas14.9%whilethatofthosewithdoctoraldegreeisonly1.9%.Thefollowingreason,inmyopinion,isthemostimportantonetoaccountforthisphenomenon.Comparedwiththosewithcomparativelylowereducationdegree,peoplewhohavereceivedhighereducationpossessconsiderablywiderknowledge,moreremarkablelearningandresearchability,greaterinnovationandmostofall,resourcefulsocialnetwork,allofwhichmakethemmorequalifiedandcompetentfortheirtask.Thus,theyarelesslikelytolosetheirjobs.Thisphenomenontellsusthateducationisaworthyinvestment.Therefore,educationinvestmentshouldbestrengthenedwhilewe,ascollegestudents,shouldstudyhardertoavoidunemployment.2013年6月大学英语四级作文真题对白：子：Dad,I‘mabitworriedaboutdisposingofnuclearwaste.父：Ifyoucanemptythedustbin

here,youcandoanything!

图画作文分析：作文的第一段，要进行简单描绘图画内容，这是必须的，也是题目中强制要求的（abriefdescriptionofthepicture）。描述的时候，只要把父子两的对话移植到第一段，然后把父亲手指垃圾桶的动作描绘一下就可以了，非常简单。作文的第二段，进行主旨提炼并且论述。这幅图画很容易看出主题，那就是做大事之前，要先做小事（一屋不扫，何以扫天下）,而且题目中其实早就已经透露了主题了（expressyourviewsontheimportanceofdoingsmallthingsbeforeundertakingsomethingbig.）因此，第二段通篇论述小事做起的重要性就可以了。属于我在课堂上讲过的作文三大分类之“积极主题，论述意义”作文第三段，总结，启发。这一段再次强调小事做起的意义，我们不能低估他的威力。文章最后可以以名人名言作为结尾。参考范文一：

Inthispicture,wecantellthatthesonistalkingtohisfatherabouthisconcernaboutthenuclearwaste.Hisfathertoldhimthatifhecanemptythedustbinfirst,hecandoanything.Thisisaneasybutveryimportantstory,tellingusthatwehavetofocusonthingsaroundourdailylifefirst,andthenthethingsgreatenoughintheworld.

Inourdailylife,itisverycommontofindsomepeoplethattalkabouttheirgreatmindsontopicsthatfarawayfromtheirlives.However,theyprovidelittleconcernonstaffsthataroundtheirowndailylives.Thesepeopleareusuallynotverysuccessfulbecausetheirmindsarebeyondtheirgrasp.Tothisend,studentswhowanttobeabetterman,havetoknowthatonecanbecomegreaterandgreateriftheycancompletethingsaroundtheirdailylifewellonebyone.Theymaystandonthetopofthemountaininthesocietyfinally.

参考范文二：

Justasisrevealedinthepictureabove,theyoung,nowadays,justliketheboyinthedrawing,arepronetoreachforwhatisbeyondtheirgrasp,butignorethesignificanceofdoingsomethingtrivialandsimplebeforeaccomplishinggreatfeats.

Thereisnodoubtthatthesymbolicmeaningsubtlyconveyedinthepictureshouldbegivendeepconsideration.Asweallknow,amanwhodoesnotsweeparoom,doesn'tmentiontosweeptheworld.Inotherwords,thefoundationsofabuildingmustbestrong,orelsethewholestructurewillfalldownsomeday.Therefore,whenitcomestothekeytosuccess,themostimportantthingliesindoingeverytinythingwellaroundyou.

Asthesayinggoes,“thehighesteminenceistobegainedstepbystep.”Toachievethegoal,notmerelydoweneedambition;wealsoneedtorealizetheimportanceofdealingwithtrivialityfromthebeginning.Onlyinthiswaycanwegetonthewaytosuccessdowntoearth.

参考范文三：

Thepictureshowsusadialoguebetweenafatherandason.Thesontoldhisfather,“Dad,I’mabitworriedaboutdisposingofnuclearwaste”.Whilehisfathertoldhim,“Ifyoucanemptythedustbinhereyoucandoanything”.Itrevealstheimportanceofdoingsmallthingswellbeforeundertakingsomethingbig.ThereisalsoanoldChinesesayingtogowiththisthatapersoncan’tsweeptheworldbeforehecansweephisownroom.

Iagreeonthepointthatitisofgreatimportanceforapersontodosmallthingswellbeforeundertakingsomethingbig.Firstofall,doingsmallthingswellentailthequalitiesthatneededindoinggreatthingssuchaspatienceandabilityofcontrollingtime.Forexample,whenwesweepourroom,weneedtomanageourtimeandenergyreasonably.Accordingly,ifwesweepabiggerroom,forexample,aclassroomwithourclassmates,weshouldlearnhowtocooperateandallotassignmentsaswell.Andabigadvantageisthatwecandrawusefullessonsfromthefailureofperformingwellbecausetheydidn’tcostalot.

Inanotherword,thoughthesethingsseemtrivial,theyreinforceourmanipulativeabilityandthusourunderstandingtotheworld.Therefore,weshouldnotignorethesmallthings.

图片、图表作文的模版图片模板：Itseemstomethatthecartoon/drawingissendingamessageabout____________（图画内容），whichreveals

____________（稍作评价）.Inmyperspectiveofview,____________（表明个人观点）。Apparently,____________（将个人观点和图片内容相结合，得出观点。）Foronething,____________（从社会角度论证）.Foranotherthing,____________（从个人角度说明）.Forexample,____________（自己、朋友或他人，只要自己知道或听过的例子）.Lastbutnotleast,____________（从反面角度谈论）.Asaresult,thedraweroftheillustrationisurgingusto_____________（建议或措施）.Onlyinthiswaycanwe

____________（展望结果）.Inconclusion/Tomyunderstanding,____________（再次表明观点或态度）.Weshould____________（进一步说明个人的观点）.图表模板：Accordingtothebarchart/piechart/linegraphdisplaysthechangesinthenumberof____________（图表整体趋势）.Therewasanincreasein____________（图表细节）.Atthepointof____________,____________reachesitspeakvalueof____________(数据或变化).Whathascausedthesechanges?Therearemainlythreereasons.Firstly,____________（原因一）.Secondly,____________（原因二）.Thenumberof____________increasedovertheperiod.____________roseby_________from________to________________.Andtherewere____________.Finally,____________（最后一个原因）.Inconclusion/Wecansafelydrawtheconclusionthat____________（结论）.Therefore,____________（进一步谈论更多个人想法）.

英语写作的开篇方法:1.开门见山法文章一开头就点明主题，把中心思想一目了然地呈现给读者。这是六级作文最常用的一种开篇方法。

1)Whetheryouareasmokeroranonsmoker,youshouldtakemeasurestoprotectyourlungs.

2)Happinessiseasytofindandeasytolose.Itdependsonthewayyoulookatlife.

3)Communicationwithotherpeoplebytelephoneisveryconvenient,especiallywhenyouhavesomethingurgent.

4)It'shightimethatcollegestudentsgottoknowtheworldoutsidethecampus.

5)Thedictionaryisalivingteacher.Wheneveryoucomeacrossanewword,justconsultitandyouwillgetacleardefinition.2.交代背景法开篇就把事件发生的时间、地点、人物及情景等交代的清清楚楚。这种方法多用于叙述文和描写文。

1)Itwascoldandbleakinthelatewinter.Thenightwasdark;notastarwastobeseeninthegloomyanddismalsky.Thenorthwindwashowlingdreadfullyoutsidethehouse,likethescreamsofsomewoundedwildbeasts.

2)Todayismybirthday.ItisthefirsttimethatIspentmybirthdayintheUnitedStates.Beingaloneandfarawayfromhome,Iintendedtospendthedayquietlyallmyself.

3)Ihavealwaysbeenfondofwriting.EversinceIwasalittlechild,Iliketoscribblesomemeaninglesswords.Later,whenIwasalittleolder,Iporedoverthefamousstories,and...

4)Notveryfarfrommyhouseliesseashoreinthesouth.Wecangothereonfootinabouttenminutes.Insummereveningwhensunissetting,...3.提出问题法用提出问题的方法引出文章的主题，以激起读者的阅读兴趣。其后可以针对这个问题进行解答，这样也就展开了段落。这种方法可用于各种文体。

1)Whatissuccess?Differentpeoplemaygivedifferentanswerstothisquestion.Somepeoplethinkthat...

2)Whatmakeslifeworthliving?Therearemanypossibleanswerstothisquestion,suchas...

3)Haveyoueversaid“No”toanyonewhoasksyouforhelp?OnceaclosefriendofmineaskedmetotakeanEnglishexamforhim,....

4)Canwealthbringhappiness?Differentpeoplehavedifferentopinionsaboutthis.Somepeopletakeitforgrantedthatwealthissourceofhappiness.Somepeople...

5)Wealthorhealth,whichismoreimportant?Someyoungpeoplethinkthattheyareyoungandingoodhealth,andthatthemostimportantthingforthemistomakemoremoney...4.警句名言法所谓“警句名言”指人们耳熟能详的谚语、习语、俗语、警句、名人名言或伟人的论述等，它们常常具有权威性或其道理已为大家公认。由此开篇可以增强文章的说服力。但要注意你所引述的警句名言一定要“名”，家喻户晓，人所共知，不可引述生僻的名言。另外，一般是用直接引语来引述，所以务必准确无误。

1)Aproverbsays,“Timeismoney.”Butinmyopinion,timeisevenmorepreciousthanmoney.Because...

2)Asanoldsayinggoes,“Artislong,butlifeisshort.”Wehaveonlylimitedtimetoobtainunlimitedknowledge.

3)“Practicemakesperfect.”Thisself-evidentproverbmeansdoingsomethingrepeatedlyistheonlywaytobecomeverygoodatit.

4)AsanancientChineseproverbgoes,“Thewholeyear'sworkdependsonagoodstartinspring;thewholeday'sworkdependsonagoodstartinthemorning.”Thatisquitetrue.

5)“Knowledgeispower.”SuchistheremarkmadebyFranciscoBacon.Thisremarkhasbeensharedbymoreandmorepeople.

5.数据统计法此方法就是引用一些具体的，已经证实的统计数字来引出文章的主题。然后以这些数据作为证据，来论述、解释、说明你要表达的思想，这样开头可信度高，说服力强。使用此法时，要注意所引述的数据或数字一定要准确，有来源，切不可为了说明某一问题而杜撰数据。此法主要用于说明文和议论文中，图表作文中用的最多。

1)Unemploymentrosefrom7.5%inJune2002to7.8%inJuly2002,thehighestratesinceJanuaryofthatyear,theLaborDepartmentreported.

2)Accordingtoarecentpoll,61percentofAmericanhighschoolstudentshaveadmittedtocheatingonexamatleastonce.

3)Thereare7billionpeopleintheworld(2000figure),andthesmokersareabout1.4billion,whichmakeup20percentoftheworld'stotalpopulation.例1)是一篇关于失业问题的短文。文章的一开头就引用了来自劳动部的报告：失业率从2002年6月的7.5%上升到7月的7.8%，达到本年自元月份起的最高点。这一具体的数字有力论证了中心思想——失业问题的严重性。例2)和例3)同样是在文章的开头使用具体的统计数字，分别说明美国中学生作弊的普遍性和世界吸烟人数之多。

6.比较对比法

在作文的开头把人们熟悉的人物或事物与其他的人物或事物放在一起分析它们的相似之处或不同之处。通过比较对比，强调某一人物或事物，使读者对其有更为深刻的认识和理解。

1)Allpeoplewillagreethatwithoutwaternolivingthingscansurvive.Butnotallpeoplehaverealizedthatfreshwatercanbeusedup.Somesay:“Thereisinexhaustiblefreshwaterinriver,wells,lakesandsoon.”

2)Therelationshipbetweenateacherandastudentcanbegoodorbad,helpfulorharmful.Eitherway,therelationshipcanaffectthestudentfortherestofhislife.Agoodteach-studentrelationshipwillmakelearningenjoyableandinteresting,whereasabadrelationshipcandiscouragethestudentfromlearningandmaketeachinganunpleasanttask.

3)AreyouawareofthestrikingsimilaritiesbetweentwoofthemostpopularU.S.presidents,AbrahamLincolnandJohnF.Kennedy?LincolnandKennedyarebothrememberedfortheirsenseofhumor,aswellasfortheirinterestincivilrights.

4)WhenlisteningtoaconversationbetweenanAmericanandanEnglishman,youwillbecomeawareofthemostsignificantdifferencesbetweenthetwovarietiesoftheEnglishlanguage.例1)开头说明了水的重要性，然后用对比的方法，指出并不是所有的人都意识到淡水有用尽的时候，为后文驳斥淡水是取之不尽的观点，做好了铺垫。例2)用对比的方法开头，通过两种不同的师生关系对教与学产生的截然相反的影响，说明建立良好的师生关系的重要性。例3)是比较林肯和肯尼迪这两个人物的相同或相似点。例4)是比较英国英语与美国英语的差异。7.进行定义法

就是对文章要阐述的主题先下个定义，或者对文章题目中所用词汇、所持观点或所提事物进行定义，然后通过举例、逻辑推理等方法加以详细说明或论述。这种方法的作用就是解释概念，限定范围，然后引入正文。应该说明的是，文章所下的定义总的来说应该简练，而且也有别于哲学意义上的定义。此法常用于说明文和议论文。

1)Psychologyisthestudyofthemindandmentalactivities.Forexample,psychologistsareinterestedinwhysomethingsmakeyousad,butothersmakeyouhappy.Theywanttoknowwhysomepeopleareshy,butothersarequitetalkative.

2)Self-confidencemeanstrustinone'sownability.Asaveryimportantpsychologicalquality,itbringsyourcreativepower,arousesyourenthusiasmandhelpsyouovercomedifficulties.

3)Democracyisaformofgovernmentinwhichtheultimateauthorityisvestedinandexercisedbythepeople.

4)Patriotismmeanstheloveofone'scountry.Itmakesonereadytosacrificeone'slifeforhiscountryandtodomanyotherthings.例1)文章开头先给心理学下定义。接着通过举例的方法进一步解释这一定义，让读者对心理学的含义有了准确的理解。其他三例是分别对自信、民主和爱国主义进行简单的定义，然后再展开说明或论述。中段

写作模式：观点-范例-个例-结论五分钟中文思想，关键词如大学生如何度假Comparedwithotherrecreations,Ipreferreadingsuchas/including/likeA,B,CandD(个例).Iamcrazyabout…simplybecause…自测：Howtospendtwo-dayweekend?作为一名大学生，我特别喜欢各种各样的运动。比如说游泳，慢跑，蹦极等。我对慢跑尤其喜欢，因为我每天都要面对繁重的学习任务，这些事情令我tired（itmakesmefeelnothingbutsickandtired---only）。然而，每当我慢跑时，我感觉好多了，它强健了……，令我克服困难……一段论：我最喜欢的礼物Duringmylife,IhavereceivedsomanypresentsthatIcouldhardlyremember.ButtheoneIcouldeasilyrecallisthegiftthatIreceived(onmy18thbirthday).个例:从我拥有手机（cellphone）的那刻起(fromthatday)，我可以用它和许多人联系，如家人……，尤其是我遇到困难的时候，打开(unfold)手机，dail……此外，还可以用手机上网，下载音乐cheermeup，查询(inquireaboutsth)…..,发短信给我朋友也是我的最爱(preference)。结论：总而言之，手机让我的生活更方便更有乐趣。（Cellphonemakesmylifemoreconvenientandbringsenoughfun.Evenwordsfailtotellhowmuchitmeanstome.）论证方式：1、历史典故法(过去时)ItpaystobehonestOnceuponatime,emperor,befondofflute-playing,chorusKnownothingabout,pretendtopalyGetahighsalary,liveacomfortablelifeintheaPalaceSeveralyearslater,passawayEnjoysolo,askeveryplayertoperformonebyoneHavenothingtodo