如何提高英语水平

1HowtoImprovetheEnglishSkill?如何提高英语水平?2新世纪人才的七能力独立思考创新自动自发专业训练加商业知识

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国际观3有梦想才美Weallhavedreams….Weallwanttobelievedeepdowninoursoulsthatwehaveaspecialgift,thatwecanmakeadifference,thatwecantouchothersinaspecialway,andthatwecanmaketheworldabetterplace.What’soneofyouraspirations(抱负)?Maybeit’sadreamyou’veforgottenorhavebeguntorelinquish.Ifthatvisionwerealivetoday,whatwouldyourliftbelike?Takeamomentnowjusttodreamandtothinkaboutwhatyoureallywantforyourlife.4It’snotwhatwedoonceinawhilethatcounts,butourconsistentactions.Andwhatisthefatherofallaction?Whatultimatelydetermineswhowebecomeandwherewegoinlife?Theanswerisourdecisions.It’sinthesemomentsthatourdestinyisshaped.Morethananythingelse,Ibelieveourdecisions–nottheconditionsofourlives–determineourdestiny.5Whowouldhavethoughtthattheconvictionofaquiet,unassuming(谦虚)man–alawyerbytradeandapacifistbyprinciple–wouldhavethepowertotoppleavastempire?YetMahatmaGandhi’sdecision,hisbeliefinnonviolenceasameanstohelpingIndia’speopleregaincontroloftheircountry,setinmotionanunexpectedchainofevents.Realizethepowerofasingledecisionacteduponimmediatelyandwithutterconviction.Thesecretistomakeapubliccommitment,onesoforcefulyoucannotturnbackfromit.Whilemanythoughtthathiswasanimpossibledream,Gandhi’sconsistentcommitmenttohisdecisionmadeitanundeniablereality.Whatcouldyou,too,accomplishifyouinvoked(诉诸)asimilarlevelofpassion,conviction,andactiontocreateunstoppablemomentum?6Eachofusisendowedwithinnate(先天的)resourcesthatenableustoachieveallwe’veeverdreamedof–andmore.Thefloodgatescanbeopenedbyonedecision,bringingusjoyorsorrow,prosperityorpoverty,companionshiporsolitude,longlifeorearlydeath.Ichallengeyoutomakeadecisiontodaythatcanimmediatelychangeorimprovethequalityofyourlife.Dosomethingyou’vebeenputtingoff…masteranewsetofskills…treatpeoplewithnewfoundrespectandcompassion…callsomeoneyouhaven’tspokentoinyears.Justknowthatalldecisionshaveconsequences.Evenmakingnodecisionatallisadecisioninitsownway.Whatdecisionshaveyoumadeorfailedtomakeinthepastthatpowerfullyinfluenceyourlifetoday?7Jacob’sEnglishJourney(inDean’sOffice)台中一中台中二中师范大学新社国中溪南国中CentralMissouriStateUniversityUniversityOfOklahomaUniversityOfHoustonUniversityofTexas-PanAmerican8FirstSetofTipsImageyourselfinthefutureRememberthatyouarealreadygoodRememberthereisalotthatyoudon’tknowUseyourEnglishwheneveryoucanTalktopeopleaboutEnglishFindafriendwhoislearningEnglishRememberthatlearningEnglishrequiresaction9SecondSetofTipsUtilizeeveryopportunitytopickupnewword,newpattern,andnewconcept.Don’tbeshyfromspeakingout.Readnewspaper,magazine,andEnglishdocuments.ListentoradioandwatchEnglishTVprograms/movieswithcaption.AttendEnglishcornerorToastMasterprogram.Practice!Practice!Practice!10成功的法门–向”失败”学习(TheSecret/KeytotheSuccess–LearnfromtheMistake/Failure)Chairman’sEncouragement总裁训勉11FrequentlyConfusedWordsAccept,ExceptIaccepttheoffer.Everyoneleftexceptme.Advice,AdviseSheneedsyouradvice.Pleaseadvisehimofhisrights.Affect,EffectInflationalwaysaffectsourlevelofincome.Thecomputerhashadaprofoundeffectonoureverydaylives.Ithaseffectedacompletechangeinthewaywedobusiness.12FrequentlyConfusedWords

(continued)Capital,CapitolThenation’scapitalbraceditselffortheholidayweekend.Weneedmorecapitaltofinanceournewproductline.Theyareputtinganewroofonthecapitol.Complement,ComplimentHerhumoristheperfectcomplementtomyseriousness.Myfatheralwayscomplimentsmymotheronherpainting.Theboss’scomplimentmeantalottoCarl.13FrequentlyConfusedWords

(continued)Later,LatterThey’llmailitlatertoday.Ifit’sachoicebetweenthebeachandthemountains.I’lltakethelatter.Personal,PersonnelCanIaskyouapersonalquestion?Thepersonnelofficekeepsrecordsonallcompanypersonnel,includingofficers.14FrequentlyConfusedWords

(continued)Rise,RaiseThemoonriseslatereachnight.Yourstatementtothegovernorcertainlygotariseoutofhim.Raisethepicturealittlehigher.Afterfourmonths,hefinallygotaraiseinpay.Stationary,StationeryThechairisstationary.Hetookoutasheetofstationeryandwrotealetter.15FrequentlyConfusedWords

(continued)Lie,LayThecatalwaysliesdownonmysweater.Yesterdayhelayonitallday.Iwishhehadlainsomewhereelse.Ilaythesweateronthecouch.Ilaidittherewithoutthinkingaboutthecat.Ihavelaidittheremanytimes.Lose,Loose,LossDon’tlosethetickets.Thescrewislooseontheshowerhead.Turnthekidslooseinthepark.Hisleavingwasalosstothecompany.16FrequentlyConfusedWords

(continued)Past,PassedThepastpresidentgavethegaveltothenewpresident.Wepassedmycousinontheroad.Principle,PrincipalSoundprinciplescanhelpyoumakegooddecisions.Sheisthestat’sprincipalwitnessinthiscase.I’llneverforgetmygradeschoolprincipal,Mr.Harvey.17Verb-PrepositionCombinationsOnbehalfof,InbehalfofThelawyerwillactonbehalfofmybrothertosettletheestate.Isetupatrustfundinbehalfofmydaughter.Agreewith,AgreetoIagreewithCarlthatweshouldoperatetomorrow.Iagreetoanoperationformyulcer.18Verb-PrepositionCombinations

(continued)Inthemarket,OnthemarketWe’reinthemarketforagreatchocolatedessert.Halputhishouseandboatonthemarketyesterdayandhopestoselltheminaweek.Differfrom,DifferwithThemoviedifferedfromthebookinseveralways.Thefiguresinthegovernmentreportdifferwiththoseinourstudy.19BrevityIngeneral,avoidthephrasesthereisandthereare.Avoid:TherearethreereasonsforMary’soddbehavior.Better:IcantellyouthreereasonsforMary’soddbehavior.Trytocondenseclausesbeginningwithwhich,that,orwhointofewerwords.Poor:Thevisitor,whowasfromEngland,broughtusapackagethatwassquareandheavy.Better:TheEnglandvisitorbroughtusasquare,heavypackage.20Brevity(continued)Eliminatewordyandredundantphrasesandexpressions.Avoid:Thebirdsarebrightyellowincolor.Better:Thebirdsarebrightyellow.Avoid:Ofcourse,I’monlythinkingonatheoreticalbasis.Better:Ofcourse,I’monlythinkingtheoretically.Avoid:InthemonthofJune,wetraveledthroughthestatesofGeorgia,NorthCarolina,andVirginia.Better:InJune,wetraveledthroughGeorgia,NorthCarolina,andVirginia.21ClarityKeepthewordsfreshbyavoidingjargonandbuzzwords.Avoid:Thecomputerdownloadedallthedatatotheprinter.Better:Thecomputersentallthedatatotheprinter.Avoid:Idon’tknowhowwellGregisgoingtointerfacewithLinda.Better:Idon’tknowhowwellGregisgoingtogetalongwithLinda.22Clarity(continued)KeepwordsspecificandconcreteAbstract:Histennisgameisoff.Concrete:Hisbackstrokeisweak,andhecan’tmaintainhisconcentration.Placeadverbsclosetothewordstheymodify.Incorrect:Ionlywantedthreehotdogs,notfive.Correct:Iwantedonlythreehotdogs,notfive.23Clarity(continued)KeepstructuresparallelIncorrect:WesoldcomputerstotheSpanish,theFrench,Italians,andGermans.Correct:WesoldcomputerstotheSpanish,theFrench,theItalians,andtheGermans.Correct:WesoldcomputerstotheSpanish,French,Italians,andGermans.24AccuracyDouble-checkfigures,dates,specifications,andotherdetails.Besurethatallnames,titles,andabbreviationsarespelledproperly.Verifytheaccuracyofdirectquotations.Makesurethatideasarepresentedclearly.Makesureyourworkisneatandlegible.25Gender-InclusiveLanguageAvoidusingmantorefertopeopleasagroup.Usethetermshumanity,humanbeings,persons,humanrace,orpeopleinstead.Avoid:Manisagregariouscreature.Better:Peoplearegregariouscreature.26Gender-InclusiveLanguage

(continued)Usepersonasthesuffixorprefixinsteadofmanwheretheusagewouldnotcreateabsurdconstructions.Avoid:Abusinessmancanflyhalffare.Better:Abusinesspersoncanflyhalffare.Usewordsotherthanpersontoreplace–manAvoid:Thepolicemangavemeaticket.Better:Thepoliceofficergavemeaticket.27SocialTitlesUseMr.forallmen.UseMs.Forallwomenwhenyoudonotknowhowtheyprefertobeaddressedordonotknowtheirmaritalstatus.UseMissorMrs.Whenthewomanherselfusesthesetitleswithhername.Useamarriedwoman’sfirstname,notherhusband’s.Mrs.DorothyBrandt,NOTMrs.HaroldBrandt.28SalutationsAvoidusingDearSir,DearGentlemenorMyDearSirs.Usingthefollowingvariations.LadiesandGentlemen:Gentlepersons:DearMadamesandSirs:MyDearSirsandMadames:MyDearSirorMadam:29Salutations(continued)Addressindividualsbytitleorgroupname.Title:DearExecutive,DearManager,DearPersonnelDirector,DearProfessor,DearMedicalWriterGroupName:DearCustomer,DearFriend,DearSubscriber,DearInvestor30OccupationalTitlesAvoidSalesmanCraftsmanDraftsmanFiremanWatchmanNewsmanForemanRepairmanMailmanPolicemanRevisedSalespersonCraftworkerDrafterFirefighterGuard,securityofficerReporter,newspeopleSupervisorRepairerMailcarrierPolice,policeofficer31TheTechniquesofWritingOrganizingthetheme–Generalizingbymeansofkeywords–5W1HWritingathemestatementScratchoutlineUsingindexcards32GeneralizingbyMeansofKeyWords

-WhatQuestion-Whataresomeofthecausesofchildabuse?Statement–Poor:Thereareseveralcauses,butfrustrationisoneofthethingsthatleadstochildabuse.Better:Expertsinthefieldsofsocialandmedicalsciencewhohavestudiedallaspectsofchildabusehaveidentifiedanumberofcausesthatmayleadtobreakthroughsinsolvingthisdreadfulproblem.33GeneralizingbyMeansofKeyWords

-HowQuestion–Howcantheconsumerprotecthimselfagainstthedangersofshoddymerchandiseandservices?Statement–Poor:OnewayistogetintouchwiththeBetterBusinessBureau.Better:Todaythereareseveralmeasuresthatconsumerscanfollowtoprotectthemselvesfrompoorgoodsandservicesandseveralorganizations,bothprivateandgovernmental,thatconsumerscanturntoforaid.34GeneralizingbyMeansofKeyWords

-WhyQuestion–WhyisthedivorcerateintheUnitedStatesincreasingatsuchanalarmingrate?Statement–Expertswhohavestudiedtheproblemhavepositedanumberofcausesforthealarmingincreaseinthedivorcerateinrecentyears.35Generaliz