高考英语阅读解题技巧

高考英语阅读解题方法指导－－

猜词技巧二年十四班高考英语阅读理解的常见题型：

主旨大意题细节理解题推理判断题猜测词义题教学目标让学生了解英语阅读理解中猜词的常见题型。2.让学生掌握英语阅读理解中的猜词技巧并能够熟练运用。猜测词义题常见的题型有:Theunderlinedword(phrase,term)“…”means_____.Accordingtothepassage,theword“…”properlymeans_____.Theword“…”inparagraph…refersto____.By“…”,theauthormeans_____.Whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningto“…”?1、定义或解释说明

猜词技巧2、对比关系3、因果关系4、举例法5、重述6、同义词、近义词7、生活经验,生活常识,逻辑推理8.根据生词所在的上下文猜测词义9.根据常见的前缀，词根和后缀进行猜词信号词：1.be2.becalled…3.means…4.bedefinedas…5.referto

1、定义或解释说明（definitionorexplanation）是…被称为…意思是…被定义为…指的是…

Ex.1◎Apersonwhoisskilledatmakingorrepairingwoodenobjectsiscalledacarpenter.

◎Hisuncleisazoologist,anexpertwhodoesresearchonanimals.◎Acalendar

isalistofthedays,weeks,monthsofaparticularyear.

木匠

动物学家日历2、对比关系(contrast)信号词:1.but/however/yet/while…2.otherwise/or/orelse…3.insteadof4.although/though/as

但是；然而否则代替;而不是尽管

Ex.2

◎Johnusuallywastesalotofmoneyonsuchuselessthings,hiswife,however,isverythrifty.◎Ifyouagree,write“yes”;ifyoudissent,write“no”.◎Althoughalargenumberofpeopleconsideredhimtohavestolenthemoney,Iwassurethathewasinnocentofthething.无辜的节约的不同意3、因果关系（causeandeffect）

信号词:1.because/since/as/for/dueto…2.so/therefore/thus/consequently…3.so…that/such…that

因为所以如此…,以至于…Ex.3◎

Allhisattemptstounlockthedoorwasfutile,becauseshewasusingthewrongkey.◎Shewantedthehairdressertotrimherhairabitbecauseitwastoolong.◎Theriverisso

turbid

thatitisimpossibletoseethebottomevenwhenitisshallow(浅的).无用的,徒劳的修剪混浊的4、举例法(examples)信号词:1.suchas/forexample/forinstance2.like3.especially4.include/including5.consistof例如…像….特别是…包括….由…组成Ex.4◎Carsmusthavecertainsafetydevices

suchasseatbelt,headlights,andgoodbrakes（刹车）.◎Onthefarmtheymainlyraisepoultry,suchaschickens,ducksandgeese,fortheireggsandmeat.家禽装置n.鹅5、重述(retelling)信号词:1.thatis(tosay)…2.inotherwords/or…3.toputitanotherway…那就是说….换句话说…从另一个角度说EX.5◎Insomecountrieswherethereisverylittlerain,thefarmershavetoirrigate,orwatertheirfields.◎Allwhalesconsistoftwogroups,thosewithteethandthosewithout,Dolphinsbelongtoodontoceti,thatistosay,theyaretoothedwhales.灌溉有牙齿的齿鲸类6、同义词、近义词、反义词

信号词:or,like,as…as,thesameas

◎

Thenewtaxlawsupersedes,orreplaces,thelawthatwasineffectlastyear.◎

Motherwastall,fatandmiddle-aged.Myauntwasanoldwoman,almostas

plump

asmother,andmuchshorter.◎代替圆胖的7、生活经验,生活常识,逻辑推理

◎

Whenadoctorperformsanoperationonapatient,heusuallygivesananaesthetictomakehimunconscious,becausehedoesnotwanthispatienttofeelpainortoknowwhatishappeningtohim.

◎

Whenyouthrowastoneintostillwaterofalake,youwillwatcha

ripplespreadinringsonthesurfaceofwater.

◎Metalexpandswhenheatedandcontracts

whencooled.

麻药波纹膨胀冷缩8.根据生词所在的上下文猜测词义例题：Tomcan’tfindhissneakers.C.shoesTomcan’tplaytennisnowbecausehecan’tfindhiswhitesneakers.A.moneyB.bowlsJaneisusuallyprompt.A．lateB．ontimeC．pleasedJaneisusuallypromptforallherclasses，butshearrivedinthemiddleofherfirstclasstoday.adj.敏捷的,迅速的,即时的adv.准时地Theladyaskedthewaitresstogetherasaucer．A．aglassB．acakeC．asmallplateTheladyaskedthewaitresstogetheracleansaucertoputhercoffeecupon．茶托(1)Overworkmaycausediseases.over（过分的、过量的）＋work＝overwork“工作过度”(2)Therewasadissatisfied

lookinthemanager'seyes.dis“不”+satisfied“满意的=dissatisfied“不满意的”9.构词法（前缀、后缀、复合、派生等）Wordformation

中学英语中常见的前缀和后缀super-（超），-able（能……的），inter-（在……之间），-hood（状态；性质；时期），

mini-（极少的，微型的）-ish（如……的；有点儿……的）；

micro-（极微小的），-wards（向），

re-（再，反复），-less（不；无），co-（共同），post-(后)，pre-（前）mis-（误；恶），un-（不；非），