2023年二副面试英语

下面收集了一部分问题,可供参考。

1.

Ｃan

you

tell

me

aboｕt

yｏur

ｅduｃａtion

bａckｇroｕｎd

anｄ

ｗorkinｇ

expｅrｉenｃe？

(Omitteｄ)

Plｅaｓe

rｅｆeｒ

to

tｈe

same

quｅｓtｉons

for

thｅ

masｔer.

2.

Caｎ

you

tell

mｅ

abｏut

your

last

veｓsel?

(Ｏmittｅｄ）

Plｅase

refer

to

ｔｈe

ansｗers

tｏ

ｔhｅ

ｓａmｅ

quｅsｔiｏns

ｔｏ

thｅ

master

ｏｒ

chieｆ

ofｆicｅr．

3．

Ｗhat

arｅ

your

ｒespoｎｓｉbilｉtieｓ

as

ａ

Sｅcｏnd

Officeｒ?

The

Secoｎd

Ofｆicｅr

is

tｈe

naviｇａtiｏnal

officｅr

and

ｓometｉmes

ａlｓo

ｍediｃal

ｏfficer

on

bｏard.

Besｉdes,

ｔhｅ

Sｅｃond

Offiｃｅr

ｓhall

assｉst

tｈe

Chief

Offiｃer.

Ｈis

duties

mａy

inｃlude

ｔhe

foｌlowｉng：

(1)

Naｖigatiｏn

ｗatch

ｋeepｉng

(from

１2００

to

１６0０,

and

from

0000

ｔo

04０0);

(2)

Cｈａrt

aｎd

naｖiｇａｔｉoｎal

pｕblication

coｒreｃtions;

（3）

Pａssａge

ｐlan

ｍakｉｎg;

(4)

Usuａllｙ

working

aｓ

thｅ

ｄesignated

ｃoｍmuｎicationｓ

officer;

（５)

Maｉnｔeｎanｃe

of

cｏmmunicａtｉｏn

ｅquiｐmｅｎt,

inｓtruｍｅntｓ

and

ｓparｅ

pａｒts

oｎ

board

the

ｓhip;

(6)

Care

oｆ

ａｌｌ

thｅ

basic

navigaｔion

eｑｕiｐment

ａｎd

iｎｓtruｍenｔｓ,

inclｕdｉng

magnetiｃ

compaｓsｅs,

ｇyｒocompasｓes，

gｙrｏ

ｒepeａtｅrs,

rｉmｅ

cｈanｇes,

deptｈ

ｓoｕndeｒs

anｄ

couｒse

reｃoｒder．

(7）

Ｍaintenance

of

invｅｎtoｒiｅｓ

of

the

staｔioneｒｙ

（8)Meｄｉcａl

duｔｉes,

anｄSomｅ

otｈｅr

wｏrk

desｉgnａtｅd

by

maｓteｒ

or

Chief

Offｉcer．

二副应当能用自己的语言流利地说出自己的职责。

4.

Plｅase

ｂｒieflｙ

desｃribｅ

ｔhｅ

proceｄuｒe

ｏf

ｄealinｇ

with

nａviｇational

ｗａrningｓ．

Ｆirstｌy,

Ｉ

sｈａll

registｅｒ

the

nａvigaｔionａl

warｎinｇｓ

in

tｈｅ

Ｒegｉsｔer

Ｂoｏk

and

recｏrd

the

wａrninｇ

ｎｕmｂer

ｉn

ｔhe

ｃard.

Sｅcｏndly,

I

ｓhaｌｌ

sｅlect

ｔhe

cｈaｒtｓ

tｈat

are

afｆｅｃｔｅd

by

ｔhe

ｗaｒnings.

Thｅn

I

shalｌ

uｓe

peｎs,

sciｓsｏｒs

aｎｄ

ｇluｅs

ｔｏ

ｆix

permaｎent

noｔices.

I

ｓｈaｌl

ａlso

use

ｐenｃｉls

tｏ

ｆｉx

ｔｅｍ­

poraｒy

and

pｒｅlimｉnary

nｏtices.

The

chaｒtｓ

are

to

ｂｅ

ｃorrｅcted

aｃcorｄiｎｇ

to

all

ｔｈe

cｏｎcｅｒｎed

warｎｉngs．

When

I

correct

the

cｈart,

I

shalｌ

freqｕｅｎtly

consult

the

geograｐhｉcａl

index.

5.

Ｃan

ｙｏｕ

ｄescriｂｅ

thｅ

cｈartｓ

correctｉon

ｐrocedｕreｓ?

Pleaｓe

refｅr

tｏ

the

same

qｕestioｎ

foｒ

the

Mａster．

Firstly,

the

Sｅｃond

Offｉcer

has

ｔｏ

make

ｓurｅ

thａt

he

has

recｅivｅd

the

ｌatｅst

Noｔice

to

Marineｒ

aｎｄ

that

he

hａs

to

wrｉte

tｈe

nｏtiｃｅ

rｅquｅｓt

on

time.

Thｅ

Master

shaｌl

ｍake

emergency

reｑueｓt

if

ｔｈｅ

ｌａtｅst

iｓ

not

ｒecｅｉvｅｄ.

Ｓｅcｏｎｄly,

the

Sｅｃoｎd

Officer

haｓ

to

ｒｅcorｄ

the

Notice

to

Mariner

oｎ

the

cｏｒrｅcｔｉｏn

logs

on

tｉｍｅ

accｏrdｉng

to

ｔhe

cｈｒｏnolｏgicａl

ｏｒder．

Tｈirdly,

ｗｈen

corrｅctｉng

thｅ

cｈａｒt,

ｈe

ｈａｓ

ｔo

make

suｒe

thａt

the

last

small

ｃｏrｒeｃｔion

has

bｅen

maｄe

on

the

ｃｈａｒt.

Eraｓure

ｓhｏuld

ｎever

be

maｄe

when

ｄeleｔｉng

inｆorｍation

croｓｓeｄ

throｕgｈ.

Instead,

ｓｅrｉes

ｏf

shorｔ

douｂle

sｔrokeｓ

shouｌd

be

ｕsed

whiｌe

cｏrrectioｎ

fｌuｉd

sｈouｌｄ

ｎot

bｅ

used.

Always

inserｔ

inｆｏｒmatｉoｎ

befｏre

yｏu

deｌete

aｎy

iｎｆｏrmａtioｎ.

任何海图和维护海图是二副最重要的职责之一,对于海图更新的有关程序是考官经常考到的题

目,一定要好好准备。关键是如何用自己的话表述出这个复杂的过程。

6.

Ｗｈo

should

draft

tｈe

pasｓａge

pｌan

oｎ

boarｄ?

Whaｔ

are

ｉｎｃludeｄ

iｎ

paｓsａｇe

pｌan？

Wｈen

you

mａke

the

pａssaｇe

pｌａn，

ｗhaｔ

ｉnformatｉｏn

ｄo

yoｕ

nｅed?

Usuａｌlｙ,

thｅ

passaｇe

pｌan

should

be

preparｅd

by

thｅ

Secｏnd

Officｅr

aｎd

aｐｐrovｅｄ

ｂy

ｔhｅ

Mａsteｒ.

During

passaｇe，

when

ａn

erｒor

or

mistake

iｓ

found

about

the

passaｇe

ｐlan,

it

ｓhouｌd

be

ｒeporteｄ

ｔo

tｈｅ

Masteｒ

first

aｎd

correctｅd

afteｒｗards

ｂｙ

tｈe

Second

Ｏfficeｒ.

Buｔ

durｉng

voyａge

ｔhｅ

pａｓｓage

ｐlａn

caｎnot

ｂe

cｈaｎｇｅd

ｗｉthｏuｔ

ｔｈｅ

Maｓter

s

apｐroｖａl.

The

passａge

pｌan

shoｕld

inｃｌudｅ

sucｈ

inｆoｒｍａtion

as

way

pointｓ，

ｔｈe

disｔａnｃe

betweｅn

way

poinｔs,

ｃouｒｓeｓ，

currｅｎt,

ｔide,

weａther

ｃｏnｄitｉoｎｓ

aｎｄ

mｅanｓ

oｆ

cｏmｍuｎications,

ｍｅanｓ

of

fixing

ｐositiｏn

aｎd

iｎterval

aｎd

so

on.Besides,

the

folｌｏwiｎｇ

informatioｎ

anｄ

publications

arｅ

necessａｒｙ

in

making

ｔhe

ｐassage

plan:

sａｉlｉng

directiｏnｓ,

pｉlｏt

book，

port

ｅｎtry

guidanｃe,

tide

tables

ｌocaｌ

aｒea

wａrning,

wａrniｎg

ｆrom

the

NAVＡＲＥA

areａｓ,

list

of

light

and

ｒadｉｏ

sigｎaｌs,

Admiraｌty

Ｎotice

to

Ｍariｎer,

sea

ｃhaｒｔ

anｄ

cataｌogue

of

admirａｌtｙ

cｈarｔs

anｄ

oｔｈｅr

publicatiｏns.

7.

Ｗhaｔ

is

ｔhe

sｃope

ｔhｅ

passagｅ

plaｎ

cｏｖer?

If

you

miss

one

ｏr

ｔｗo

ｂig

or

smａll

scaｌｅ

chaｒtｓ

for

nｅxt

vｏyaｇe,

cａn

ｔhe

ｓhip

give

sea

going

or

noｔ？

Ｔhe

pａｓsaｇe

plａn

ｓｈｏuｌd

ｃover

the

sailing

ｒｏｕtｅ

froｍ

bｅrtｈ

to

berth.

Lack

of

iｎfoｒmaｔion

for

sｏme

ａｒeas

maｙ

lead

to

ｓｏｍe

sｅrｉous

acｃidｅｎts.

Ｔhe

ｓｈip

cannｏt

ｇo

iｆ

ｏne

or

ｔwo

ｃｈarｔs

are

not

avａｉlable.

8.

If

ｔhe

ｓignaｌ

ｏf

"ｔhｒｅe

ｒｅd

liｇhts

veｒticaｌly

alignｅd"

is

founｄ

oｎ

bｏaｒd

a

shiｐ

duriｎg

night

vｏｙａge,

whaｔ

do

yoｕ

think

is

wroｎg

with

ｔhe

ｓhip?

Iｆ

ａ

mｏｔor

ｓhip

is

mｏvinｇ

under

ｔhｅ

wａy,

buｔ

ｎot

uｎdeｒ

comｍａnd,

what

kind

oｆ

sｉgｎａls

shoulｄ

she

use?

Ｏｎ

whaｔ

ocｃaｓiｏｎ

do

yoｕ

diｓｐlay

two

blａck

ｂallｓ

duｒing

ｔhｅ

day?

Tｈe

veｓseｌ

ｉs

cｏnstrained

ｂy

her

ｄrauｇht.

It

is

veｒy

hard

for

ｈer

ｔo

manｅuvｅr.

Oｕｒ

vｅｓsｅｌ

ｓhouｌd

giｖe

a

wide

bｅｒtｈ

aｎd

take

ａcｔionｓ

to

keｅp

away

frｏm

her．

The

motoｒ

shｉp

shｏuld

use

not­unｄeｒ­conｔroｌ

liｇhts,

i.e．，

ｔｗo

red

lighｔs

ｖerｔicallｙ

aligneｄ

dｕｒing

night

time,

ａnd

tｗｏ

blａck

ｂalｌｓ

vｅrtically

aｌigned

ｄurｉｎg

day

time．

Ｗe

sｈall

dispｌaｙ

two

ｂlａck

balｌs

when

our

vessel

canｎot

get

ouｔ

ｔhｅ

wａy

of

ａｎother.

各种信号灯的含义和英文表达也是面试中经常提到的问题。希望二副全面复习一下这方面的知

识。请参阅

CＯＬREＧ

1972

"NＡＶIGATION

UGHTＳ"

部分。

9．

Pｌｅａｓｅ

dｅｓcrｉbe

hｏｗ

you

taｋe

carｅ

of

the

magｎｅtｉc

coｍpａss.

The

ｌiqｕid

magnｅｔｉc

comｐass

should

be

regularly

ｃhｅcked

for

air

buｂbles

anｄ

ｉｔ

sｈould

always

ｂｅ

ｃoｖｅrｅｄ

wｈｅn

ｉt

iｓ

ｎｏt

iｎ

usｅ.

The

devｉａtiｏn

oｆ

the

comｐasｓ

shoulｄ

ｂe

ｃhecked

and

oｂserved

ｄｕｒinｇ

eveｒy

watch.

10.

How

do

ｙoｕ

seｔ

aｎｄ

aｄｊuｓt

ｇyｒｏcompａsｓ?

The

Ｓeconｄ

Officeｒ

ｓhould

fｒeｑueｎtly

cｈｅck

thｅ

gｙｒocomｐａss'

erｒor.

Actuaｌly，

ｇyrocompass

aｃcｕracy

ｓｈouｌd

ｂe

ｃhecked

ａt

leａst

ｏnce

a

ｄay

ａt

ｓeａ

and

at

anｃｈor,

ａnｄ

fｏｒ

ｅacｈ

courｓｅ

stｅeｒed.

During

the

waｔch,

tｈe

simｕlｔaｎeous

checｋ

ｓhould

be

ｍadｅ

at

leasｔ

houｒｌy．

If

theｒe

is

aｎy

sｉgniｆｉ­

canｔ

deviatioｎ

errｏｒ,

ｔhe

Seｃｏnd

Officer

shoｕld

rｅporｔ

it

to

tｈｅ

Ｍaｓter

ａnd

reｃoｒd

iｎ

tｈｅ

Cｏmpａss

Ｒｅcｏrd

Boｏk

and

Ｄeｃk

Lｏgbook．

Thｅ

elecｔroｎｉｃ

dｅｖｉcｅs

shoｕld

be

kept

ａway

froｍ

ｔｈｅ

cｏｍpａsｓes

in

ａ

rｅasonａｂlｅ

distance．

The

Ｃhｉef

Ｏfｆiｃｅr

or

other

desｉgnated

ofｆiｃerｓ

shoulｄ

teｓt

tｈe

eｒrｏｒ

ｉn

ｔｈe

moｒning

anｄ

evening.

11.

What

are

yｏur

reｓpoｎsｉbiliｔies

as

ｔｈe

Ｓecｏnd

Oｆｆicer

wｈｉｌe

the

ｖessel

iｓ

in

pｏｒt?

My

ｒｅｓpｏnsｉbｉｌitｉes

aｒe

ｔo

keeｐ

good

wａtch,

tｏ

ｅｎsure

ｔhe

safeｔｙ

of

life,

the

ship

anｄ

the

ｃargo

ａnd

to

mａintaｉｎ

goｏｄ

workiｎg

orderｓ

on

ｔhｅ

veｓｓel.

Duｒing

mｙ

ｗａtch

I

ｓｈｏｕｌｄ

be

ａwaｒe

of

the

draft，

ｕnｄer

keel

cｌeaｒancｅ,

the

stａte

ｏｆ

ｓhip，

tｈe

mｏoｒiｎg

coｎditions

so

ａs

tｏ

avoiｄ

dａngerous

listinｇ,

trｉｍ

or

ｈｕll

stress

durinｇ

caｒgo

operａtioｎ.

I

shouｌd

aｌsｏ

mａkｅ

surｅ

ｔhat

de­ballastｉng

cａuses

nｏ

ｍaｒine

poｌlutiｏn.

I

shoｕld

watｃh

ａｎd

ｓｕｐｅｒｖiｓe

ｔhe

lｏaｄiｎg

pｒｏceｓs

aｎd

ｒepｏｒt

any

ｉnｃident

or

acｃideｎt

to

tｈe

Chｉef

Offｉｃer.

1２．

Ｐｌease

tell

me

tｈe

diｆference

betｗeen

the

grｅａt

cｉｒclｅ

ｌiｎe（大圆航线)

and

rhomb

line

(恒向线)?

Iｎ

thｅory,

thｅ

gｒeａｔ

circｌｅ

lｉnｅ

iｓ

ｔhｅ

sｈｏrtest

ｄiｓtａncｅ

betｗeen

two

pｌａｃｅs,

while

thｅ

rhomb

ｌｉｎe

iｓ

ｌｏｎger

thａｎ

the

grｅat

ｃircｌe

liｎe．

Ｈoｗevｅr,

it

is

ｖery

haｒｄ

foｒ

a

veｓsｅl

jusｔ

to

take

the

cｉrclｅ

ｌine

or

rｈoｍb

ｌinｅ.

13.

Ｄｕrｉｎg

cａrgo

loadｉng,

if

yoｕ

find

ｃaｒgo

dａmａgeｓ

ｉn

ｈolds,

ｗhat

should

ｙｏｕ

do?

Ｉ

ｓhould

recｏｒd

thｅｍ

ｉｎ

writiｎｇ

or

ｅven

photograph

the

damａgｅs

aｎd

rｅport

tｈe

ｓitｕations

to

the

Chief

Offiｃeｒ

immediately.

Tｈｅ

Cｈiｅｆ

Officer

shｏｕｌd

reｐorｔ

it

to

the

tallymａｎ

and

ａsｋ

them

to

ｒeｐlaｃe

thｅ

ｃａrｇｏ，

ｉf

possｉblｅ．

At

ｔｈe

same

time,

the

oｆfｉcer

on

dｕty

sｈoｕld

make

tｈe

on­ｔhe­ｓpot

record．

Ｉｆ

ｔｈｅ

ｄaｍages

are

ｒｅaｌly

vｅry

sｅrｉous,

we

should

repｏrｔ

ｔo

the

Ｍasｔeｒ

and

ask

fｏr

his

ｉnｓtrｕctioｎs．

１4.

Whｅｎ

you

ｕsually

dｏ

thｅ

chart

work?

Whｅn

yｏu

ａｒe

keeping

watch,

can

you

do

the

charｔ

wｏrk?

Wheneveｒ

I

reｃeive

the

Nｏtiｃe

ｔo

Ｍaｒiner，

I

will

do

thｅ

cｏｒrｅction

anｄ

drawing

aｓ

sｏon

aｓ

possible．Generally,

I

ｓhouｌd

not

dｏ

thｅ

chart

work

wheｎ

ａm

ｋeeping

ｗａtch．

Doinｇ

chart

work

during

ｗａtch

keeping

can

givｅ

riｓe

to

some

potenｔial

danｇｅｒ

ｔo

tｈｅ

maneuvering

of

ｔｈe

veｓseｌ．

1５.

What

iｓ

thｅ

maximum

blｏod

alcohol

conceｎtｒａtiｏn

(ＢAG)

ｒａｔｅ

on

board？

Aｃｃordｉng

ｔo

ｔhｅ

ＳTCW

Ｃode,

tｈｅ

ＢAC

shalｌ

noｔ

be

mｏrｅ

thaｎ

0.0８%

ｂy

wｅigｈt

at

any

time

wｈeｎ

being

teｓteｄ.Watcｈ­keepｅrs

ａre

noｔ

ａｌlowed

to

dｒiｎｋ

any

ａlｃoｈolic

ｂeveragｅ

4

hours

before

their

ｗatcｈ．

Beｓｉdｅｓ，

when

bunkerinｇ,

loaｄing

and

uｎloadｉng，

mooring

aｎd

unmooring,

4

hours

befoｒe

aｎd

afｔeｒ

port

all,

the

saiｌor

oｎ

bｏard

cannｏｔ

hａvｅ

anｙ

alcｏhｏlｉc

drinks.

１6.

Pleasｅ

tell

ｍe

yoｕr

dutiｅs

as

tｈe

mediｃal

offiｃer.

I

am

ｒｅｓｐoｎsible

foｒ

mａintaiｎinｇ

the

mｅdical

ｉnvｅnｔorｙ.

Ｉ

shｏulｄ

ｋeｅp

a

goｏｄ

record

of

the

usｅ

of

ｄiffｅrｅnt

mｅdicines

and

mａke

suｒｅ

that

ｔｈｅ

aｉde

bags

ａre

ａt

ｐroper

loｃationｓ.

I

sｈｏuｌｄ

alsｏ

be

careful

ｗith

thｅ

meｄicｉnｅ

lockｅr．

The

eｘpｉred

mｅdiｃines

shoｕld

ｂe

rｅplaｃeｄ

on

timｅ.

When

sｏme

iｍportaｎt

medicｉnｅｓ

aｒe

out

of

ｓtock,

I

should

ｒeport

ｔo

thｅ

Maｓtｅr

aｎd

ｍaｋｅ

requisiｔion

for

ｓupｐlｙ.

17.

Wｈｅn

ｄo

you

calｌ

the

Ｍasteｒ

ｔo

the

bｒidge？

In

ｔhe

ｆoｌloｗiｎｇ

ｓituａｔions,

acｃｏｒｄｉng

tｏ

the

SMS

manual，

I

will

hａｖe

to

caｌl

the

Mastｅr

tｏ

thｅ

bｒidge:

(1)

When

the

visiｂility

is

loｗｅr

ｔhan

the

oｎe

ｍenｔｉoned

ｉn

the

Ｍaｓter＇s

staｎｄing

ordｅr;

(2)

Brｅaｋdoｗn

of

ｔhe

mａｉｎ

ｅngｉne,

ｓtｅｅriｎg

gear,

gｙro­cｏmpass

or

any

ｏtｈer

crｉtｉｃａl

eｑuiｐmeｎｔ

related

tｏ

the

safety

ｏf

ｔhe

vｅsseｌ;

(3）

Ｗhen

thｅ

sｈip's

ｐoｓition

and

sounding

are

unuｓual

oｒ

strａnge;

(４)

Wｈen

ｔｈｅ

naviｇational

marks

or

souｎdｉng

ｄo

noｔ

appear

aｓ

ｅxpeｃtｅｄ;

(5）

Wｈｅn

heavy

weatｈer

iｓ

encountered;

(6)

When

the

ship

iｓ

behavinｇ

in

aｎ

unｕsｕal

wａy;

(7)

Whｅn

mａｒｉnｅ

poｌlution

is

seen

or

sｕsｐｅctｅd;

(８)

Wｈeｎ

distｒess

mｅssａge

ｉs

reｃeived

ｏr

acｃｉdenｔ

oｂｓｅrved;

(９）

Anｙ

oｔheｒ

siｔuation

when

the

offiｃeｒs

arｅ

ｉn

ｄoubt;

(10）

Whenｅvｅr

the

sｈｉｐ

is

in

dangｅr;

知道何时叫船长到驾驶台是非常重要的，

这对船舶的安全航行非常重要，

通常船长在ｂｒidｇe

oｒｄeｒ

或

stanｄｉng

oｒｄer

里都有具体的说明,ＳTCW９５公约关于船员值班部分也有具体的规定。

１8.

Wｈｅｎ

RADAR

and

ARPAR

ａre

ｉn

ｕse,

do

tｈｅｙ

ｒｅlieｖe

ｙouｒ

duｔy

oｆ

lｏckout

ａs

a

waｔcｈ­kｅeper?

No,

thｅse

apｐaratuses

dｏ

ｎoｔ

ｒelieve

the

watcｈ

officer

of

ｈiｓ

duty

tｏ

maｉntain

ａ

pｒopｅr

locｋout

ａt

aｌl

ｔimes.

Ｔhis

is

ｖery

ｉmportant

tｏ

ｔhe

mａｎeｕvｅring

oｆ

the

vessel．

Acｃideｎｔs

ｏfｔen

aｒｉse

bｅcaｕｓｅ

of

ｔhe

ｏfficers'

ｃompｌete

ｄeｐendeｎcｅ

on

thｅ

ＲADAR,

AＲPAR,

GPS

anｄ

ｏther

eｑｕiｐment，

especiaｌlｙ

ｉn

hazａrdous

aｒeaｓ,

such

aｓ

tｈe

cｏａst

ａnｄ

pｏrt

areaｓ,

ｌｏw

visibiｌity

areａ,

reｓtriｃtｅdaｒeas

and

heavy

ｗeaｔher

ｒeｇiｏnｓ.

Ａlｌ

in

all,

ｔｈｅ

rules

aｎd

rｅｇuｌatiｏn

of

ｔhe

COLRＥG

1972

mｕｓｔ

bｅ

ｓtｒiｃtly

ｏbeyｅd.

19.

Whａｔ

do

you

know

aｂoｕｔ

EC

and

ＥＣDＩS?

EＣ

meanｓ

Ｅlectｒoｎｉc

Charｔ,

anｄ

ECDIS

meａｎs

Eｌectrｏnic

Chａrｔ

and

Inｆorｍatioｎ

System．

This

sｙsteｍ

usｅs

thｅ

cｏmpｕter

teｃｈnoｌｏｇy

ｔo

ｐrｏvｉde

ｃｈaｒt

dｅtaｉls

ｏn

a

ｖisuａｌ

ｄiｓｐlay

unｉｔ,

combｉneｄ

with

aｎ

auｔomatｉc

ｉndication

oｆ

ｓhｉp’s

pｏｓitｉon，

aｎｄ

ｐosｓiblｙ

a

raｄａr

imaｇe,

aｎd

a

naviｇａｔion

aｉde.

Ｔhis

kｉnｄ

of

charｔ

nｅeｄs

basiｃ

coｍpｕｔｅr

opｅratｉoｎ

skills

aｎd

automation

ｋnowledgｅ.

20．

Can

yｏu

teｌl

me

ｔｈe

ｍaiｎ

contｅntｓ

oｆ

a

typicaｌ

Admiralｔy

Noticｅ

to

Maｒｉnｅｒ?

Ｈow

ｄiｄ

ｙｏu

geｔ

the

Notice

to

Marineｒ

on

your

last

veｓｓｅl?

The

Ａｄｍiralty

Notiｃe

ｔo

Maｒiners

iｓ

a

maritimｅ

pｕblicaｔion

ｉssued

by

the

Hydrographic

Ｄepａrtment

of

the

Ｕniｔed

Kingｄom.

Theｙ

include

Aｄmiｒalｔy

Ｎotices,

Austrａlian

and

Ｎew

Zeａｌaｎｄ

Noｔｉcｅs.

Tｈｅy

are

pｕｂliｓhed

on

a

weｅkly

ｂａｓis.

There

ｉs

ａlsｏ

ａｎ

anｎuａｌ

ｓummary

vｅrsｉoｎ.

Ｔhe

Adｍiｒaltｙ

Notｉce

to

Mariner

incｌudeｓ

6

sections.

Section

ｏne，

Expｌaｎatoｒｙ

Ｎｏteｓ

and

ｉｎdｅｘes

ｔo

Secｔion

two.

Ｓeｃtioｎs

ｔwｏ.

Admiralｔy

Ｎotices

to

Mａｒinｅｒs­Ｃorｒectｉonｓ

to

chａrｔｓ．

Sｅcｔｉon

ｔｈree,

rｅｐrinｔs

of

Ｒadio

Ｎaｖigaｔｉonaｌ

Warnｉngs．

Section

fｏur,

Corｒectionｓ

ｔo

Ａdmiｒalｔy

Sａiｌinｇ

Di­

rectiｏnｓ.

Sectｉon

fivｅ，

Ｃorｒｅctionｓ

tｏ

Admiｒaltｙ

Lｉｓｔ

oｆ

lｉghts

anｄ

Fｏｇ

Siｇnals.

Seｃｔion

ｓiｘ,

Ｃorrections

to

Ａdmirａlty

ｌiｓt

of

Raｄio

Ｓignals.

On

ｍｙ

ｌast

ｓhip,

thｅ

ship

ｏwｎer

provideｄ

us

witｈ

the

Nｏticｅ

tｏ

Ｍarｉners

in

ｅｖerｙ

mａjor

pｏrt.

H

they

faileｄ

to

give

us

ｔhｅ

Ｎoｔｉｃe,

we'

11

senｄ

thｅm

a

reｑｕest

fｏr

this．

2１．

It

iｓ

very

ｉmporｔａｎt

to

geｔ

rid

oｆ

the

ouｔdaｔeｄ

chaｒｔｓ

ａnd

oｔhｅr

ＳMＳ

doｃuｍenｔs

on

ｂoａｒd.

Ｗhy?It

is

ｖerｙ

impｏｒｔant

to

ｋｅep

the

laｔｅsｔ

rｅvised

charts

（also

somｅ

ｏｔher

IＳＭ

docuｍents

on

boaｒd)

ｉｎ

the

deck

ａnｄ

engine

room，

aｎd

keep

aｗay

thoｓe

oｕｔ­of­datｅd

cｈartｓ

ｂｅｃauｓe

afｔｅr

a

peｒｉｏd

ｏｆ

ｔiｍe,

you

ｗill

ｎot

ｂe

ａble

to

know

wｈat

doｃumｅnｔs

are

the

neｗｅsｔ

oｎeｓ.

Ｔhe

mｉｘtｕre

of

ｔｈe

old

ａnd

nｅｗ

ｄocｕmenｔs

oｎ

ｂｏard

ｃａn

easily

ｇive

ｒise

to

ｓomｅ

ｐｒobleｍs

for

tｈe

sａｆｅtｙ

oｆ

he

vessel.

Sｏ

it

is

very

iｍportant

to

do

away

witｈ

thｅ

ｏｂsoletｅ

ｄｏcuments

as

ｓoon

ａs

possｉｂle.

22．

How

do

ｙou

maiｎtain

the

clocks?

Ｉ

am

rｅｓponsiｂle

fｏr

thｅ

veｓsel

ｃloｃｋs

ｅｘcepｔ

ｆｏｒ

thoｓｅ

in

the

eｎgｉne

ｒoｏm.

Beforｅ

gｅｔtiｎg

ｕnderwaｙ,

ｃlｏｃks

shａll

be

compａred

and

synchrｏｎized,

anｄ

tｈe

synｃhroｎizatｉｏn

recｏrd

shalｌ

bｅ

ｅntereｄ

into

thｅ

Dｅck

Logboｏk.

23.

Uｎdｅｒ

ｗhat

sｉｔｕatiｏns

dｏ

ｙou

call

ｔhe

ｅｎgiｎe

rｏｏm

whｅｎ

you

ａre

ｏn

dｕtｙ?

(1)

Wｈeneｖｅr

it

is

nｅcessary

to

ｍａkｅ

sure

tｈat

enginｅ

rooｍ

anｄ

bｒidge

clｏckｓ

ａrｅ

ｓynchronizeｄ;

(２)

At

least

ｏne

hｏur

before

sｔarｔing

or

ｅｎdｉng

a

sｅa

paｓsaｇe;

(３）

As

soｏn

as

iｔ

appeaｒs

ｔhａt

ｅngiｎe

opeｒａｔioｎ

ｍaｎeｕｖers

ｍay

be

ｒequireｄ,

wｉth

one

ｈｏur＇s

notiｃe

ｉf

ｐossiｂle;

(4)

Whenｅver

ｔhｅ

ｓhiｐ

ｍachinerｙ

oｐerａtioｎ

mａｙ

be

ａｆfectｅd

by

weatｈer

or

other

cｏnditiｏn

changes,

sucｈ

aｓ

shallow

ｗater

ａpproach,

coｎcentrａｔｉoｎ

oｆ

mａｒine

life

or

ｓeaｗeed,

iｃe

in

waｔer,

ｏr

ｃhaｎｇe

of

trim

or

draft

ｄue

to

balｌasting

ｓhiftｉng;

(5)

One

ｈouｒ

before

ineｒｔ

gas

syｓtem

operａtiｏn

is

rｅquireｄ

(for

tanker）;

(6)

One

hour

befoｒe

sｔeam

is

required

oｎ

deck;

(7)

Wheｎｅｖer

ｔhe

teｍｐerature

fallｓ

to

2

ｄｅgree

Ceｎtigｒaｄe

to

ｐrevenｔ

damａge

tｏ

ｅquｉｐment;

(8)

Ａt

ｌｅast

one

hｏuｒ

ｂeｆｏrｅ

tｈe

stａndby

gｅnerator

is

rｅｑuired;

(9）

Wｈeｎｅveｒ

thｅ

cａrｇｏ

ｐumｐs

ａre

used;

（１０)

Ｏne

hoｕｒ

priｏr

to

ｇeｔtｉｎg

underway.

24.

Ｗhａt

shｏuｌd

you

ｄo

ｆirst

aftｅr

yoｕ

jｏin

a

vessel?

Fiｒｓｔｌy，

Ｉ

ｓｈａll

familｉarize

ｍｙself

with

the

Familiａrｉｚaｔｉoｎ

Ｂoｏklet,

the

Muster

Lists

aｎd

Emeｒgency

Cａrd

in

ｍｙ

cａbin.

Secoｎd,

Ｉ

shall

repｏrt

to

thｅ

Mastｅr

ａnd

geｔ

familｉaｒ

with

other

ofｆiceｒs

and

creｗ

on

bｏard

the

vｅsseｌ.

Thｉrd，

wiｔh

ａccomｐaｎiｍent

ｏｆ

ｔhe

reliｅvｅｄ

Seｃond

Oｆficｅｒ，

Ｉ

shaｌl

have

an

ｉｎspecｔion

oｆ

thosｅ

items

he

was

ｒeｓponｓｉｂle

ｆoｒ.

I

shaｌl

ｄiscｕss

immeｄiａteｌy

ｗith

tｈｅ

Mａsteｒ

oｎ

any

unｓａｔｉsfａcｔory

coｎdiｔions,

inclｕding

equiｐｍent

ｍalfuncｔioｎs.

I

shaｌl

also

takｅ

ovｅr

all

the

ｄｏcumentｓ

the

Second

Oｆficer

shoｕlｄ

take

care

oｆ.

A

ｇood

ｈanｄover

ｗitｈ

thｅ

ｒeｌievｅｄ

Seｃoｎd

Ofｆｉｃeｒ

is

tｈｅ

mosｔ

important

tｈinｇ

for

mｅ.

2５.

Whｅn

do

yｏu

hａve

to

cｈange

fｒoｍ

ｔhｅ

automatiｃ

ｓteeｒinｇ

to

manual

steｅｒinｇ？

Tｈe

sｔｅｅｒing

ｍode

should

be

ｃｈaｎｇｅd

from

ａuｔomatic

ｔo

ｍanual

ｍｏde

undeｒ

tｈe

foｌlowing

circuｍstanceｓ:

(1)

in

ａny

ｅmｅrｇency

ｓituaｔionｓ;

(2）

in

diｍinｉｓhｉnｇ

and

ｒｅstricｔeｄ

viｓｉbility,

as

ｄeｆined

by

the

Ｍａｓtｅr;

(３）

wｈｅn

ｔhe

sｈiｐ＇s

ｓｔeeｒing

in

sｈalｌow

watｅｒ;

(4）

wｈen

ｔhe

Mａstｅr

tｈinks

ｎｅcesｓarｙ.

Wheｎ

the

steering

moｄe

is

ｃhaｎgｅd,

thｅ

waｔｃｈ

ofｆicers

shaｌl

suｐeｒvｉse

tｈe

process.

2６.

If

sｈip

cｏllision

happens

wｈen

yoｕ

aｒe

oｎ

duty，

wｈａt

pｒoｃedure

should

yｏu

follow？

Ｉ

sｈould

follｏw

the

ｅmergeｎcｙ

checklist.

Fiｒstlｙ,

I

ｗill

ｓouｎd

the

alａrm

ｆor

emeｒgeｎｃｙ;

Seｃoｎdｌy,

I

wilｌ

inｆorm

ｔhe

Masｔｅr

immediatｅly;

Ｔｈiｒdly,

I

will

inform

the

eｎginｅ

room

ａｎd

ｐrｅｐare

ｅｎginｅ

staｎdbｙ;

Aｆter

ｓhiｐ

ｃｏllisioｎ,

all

tｈe

ｔanks

shｏulｄ

be

sｏuｎded

aｎd

ｔhe

sｈｉp

ownｅr，

maｎager

shoulｄ

ｂe

ｉnfｏrmｅd

of

the

aｃｃident.

Ｔhe

accidｅｎｔ

repoｒt

shouｌd

also

be

sｅnt

tｏ

ｔｈe

alｌ

coｎcｅｒnｅd

partｉｅｓ

ａnd

the

coast

counｔｒy.

Ａnｄ

ａll

the

abｏｖe

acｔｉonｓ,

ｓhip’s

ｐosｉtioｎ,

tｉmes,

ｅtｃ.

shoｕｌｄ

ｂe

recorded

pｒoperly．

２７．

Ｂefoｒe

ｔｈe

ship

saｉls

to

a

new

poｒｔ,

if

you

do

not

ｈave

oｎe

ｏr

ｔwo

ｎｅceｓｓａry

cｈarts,

whａt

sｈould

you

pｏｓsiblｙ

do？

Ｉｆ

possｉｂｌｅ,

Ｉ

ｗｉｌl

ａｓk

for

ｈｅｌｐ

ｆrom

the

Master.

Ｉｆ

tｈｅ

Masteｒ

ｃanｎoｔ

hｅｌp,

Ｉ

mａy

ａｓｋ

for

help

ｆｒom

the

vｅｓsｅｌs

saiｌｉnｇ

in

thｅ

same

arｅａ.

Anyway,

I

will

tｒy

to

soｌve

thｅ

prｏblem

befｏｒe

the

veｓsｅl

saiｌs

ｔｏ

thｅ

porｔ．

这是一个合格的二副所应当具有的应变的能力。相信绝大多数船东都能准时提供海图,但是万

一出现上述情况,二副应千方百计想办法弄到海图。

28.

Ｗhaｔ

is

safeｔy

speed

ｄurｉng

ｓailｉng?

Wｈaｔ

fａctors

ｓhouｌd

you

consider

hi

deｃiding

tｈe

sｐeｅd

of

a

vesseｌ

dｕring

saｉling

ｈi

ｔhe

sｅa?The

saｆｅ

sｐeed

ｉｓ

tｈｅ

spｅｅd

ａｔ

whｉch

tｈｅ

vesｓel

ｃan

ｔａke

proper

anｄ

effecｔiｖe

actioｎｓ

to

be

ｓtoｐpｅｄ

in

ａ

safｅ

ｄiｓtance.

Ｔhe

ｆolｌowing

ｆaｃtoｒs

sｈoｕｌd

be

takｅn

into

acｃounｔ

to

ａｃhieｖe

sａｆe

speed:

viｓibiｌity,

ｎuｍbｅr

of

shiｐs

in

tｈe

area，

ｔｈe

ship's

mａneuvｅｒabｉlity，

wind

foｒcｅ,

seａ

tide

aｎｄ

cuｒrent，

ｂackground

ligｈｔs,

ｄｒauｇｈｔ

ａｎd

availabｌe

depｔh

of

water,

ｐｒoximity

ｏf

ｎaｖigationａｌ

hａzards,

sｔａndard

and

operatioｎ

oｆ

teｃhnicａｌ

equｉpment

on

boaｒｄ，

iｃe

ｃondｉtion

and

sｏ

on.

2９.

When

naｖｉｇatiｎg

iｎ

a

crｏsｓiｎg

sitｕation，

aｓ

master

ｏr

dｕty

ofｆiceｒ，

wｈａt

ａnｔi­cｏllisiｏn

ｍeaｓｕreｓ

sｈould

ｂe

tａkeｎ?

Wｈen

ｔhe

veｓsels

aｒe

proｃeed

ｏn

head­ｏn

coｎｄｉtioｎ,

what

ａntｉ­cｏllisiｏn

rｕle

shoｕld

be

oｂsｅrvｅｄ?

Wｈｅｎ

a

poweｒ­ｄｒiven

ship

and

ｓailiｎg

ｍeet

in

thｅ

sea，

what

ａｎti­collｉsｉon

rule

shoｕld

be

obｓerｖeｄ?

Wｈｅｎ

two

ｐower­ｄriven

shｉps

aｒe

crossｉnｇ,

ｔhe

shiｐ

ｗhich

hａs

the

other

ship

on

hｅr

own

starbｏard

side

shaｌl

keep

oｕｔ

of

way.

To

dｏ

ｔｈiｓ,

ｔhis

ｓhiｐ

cａｎ

eithｅr

aｌter

cｏuｒse

to

sｔarboaｒd

sｉｄe

ｏr

slow

doｗｎ

her

speed

in

order

to

aｖoid

coｌliｓｉon.

Wｈeｎ

two

ｐowｅｒ­driveｎ

shｉps

aｒe

ｍeeting

head­oｎ

situａtion

ｏｒ

ｎeａr

ｈeaｄ­on

situation,

each

shｉp

sｈall

alter

course

ｔｏ

sｔaｒｂoａrd

sｏ

thａt

ｔhｅy

ｃａｎ

pass

oｎ

the

ｐｏrt

ｓide

ｏf

eacｈ

ｏthｅr

at

a

safｅ

distａnce.

Wｈen

a

ship

ｓａils

at

a

ｈigheｒ

spｅed

ｏvertaｋes

ａｎotｈｅｒ

ship,

ｔhｅ

ｓhip

shall

sａils

at

ｈigher

speed

ｏｒ

sｈall

alter

ｉtｓ

coｕrsｅ

ｔo

ａvoiｄ

coｌlｉsiｏn．

A

power­drｉvｅn

ship

shall

ｋeeｐ

oｕt

of

thｅ

waｙ

of

ａ

sailiｎｇ

sｈip．

Thｉs

ｃan

ｂe

dｏne

eitheｒ

aｌｔering

itｓ

coｕｒse

or

sｐeｅd

up

to

aｖoiｄ

coｌｌｉsｉon．

30.

You

are

the

watｃh

ｏfｆicer

aｔ

ａｎchor

ｏn

aｎ

８０0０­ｔｏｎ

ship

wｈiｃh

ｉｓ

abｏut

400

feet

ｌonｇ.

Iｆ

ｔhe

weatheｒ

ｂecoｍes

fogｇy

aｎd

foggy,

ｗｈat

ｐrecautionｓ

should

ｙｏu

take?

Ｉ

woulｄ

station

a

maｎ

fｏrwａrd

wiｔh

ｏrders

ｔｏ

ｒinｇ

ｔｈｅ

shｉp’s

bｅll

ｒapｉｄｌy

foｒ

abｏuｔ

５

sｅconds

ｅvｅｒy

ｍiｎutes

aｎd

anotｈeｒ

mａｎ

aft

to

soｕｎd

ｔｈe

ｇong

likewｉｓe.

Shiｐ'ｓ

ｗhisｔle

or

siｒen

would

ｂe

ｒeａdy

fｏｒ

use

in

ｃaｓｅ

of

ｎｅｃｅｓｓity

to

gｉｖe

ｗａrnｉng

ｏf

ｍy

pｏsiｔiｏn

ｔｏ

a

vesseｌ

appｒoａｃhｉｎg.

The

ｓigｎalｓ

for

this

ｗarnｉnｇ

sｈall

ｂｅ

3

blasts

in

suｃｃession.

３1.

Wｈen

shoｕld

a

tuｒnｏｖer

（hａndover）

ｏｆ

watｃｈ

be

defeｒred

or

postponｅd?

Ｕsually,

under

the

ｆｏlｌowiｎg

ｓituａtioｎs,

thｅ

tｕｒnｏvｅr

cａn

be

ｄｅｆeｒred

or

eｖeｎ

pｏstpoｎed:

(1)

K

thｅ

ｏffｉcｅr

on

watch

has

rｅasｏn

tｏ

beliｅve

that

the

ｒeｌｉevinｇ

offiｃer

iｓ

obｖｉouslｙ

ｎot

ａｂle

tｏ

carry

out

his

dutｉｅs

eｆｆｅctｉvｅly;

（2）

ｗhen

ｂridge

maneｕvｅr

uｓ

ｔakｉｎg

pｌａce,

turｎover

of

ｗａtｃh

mｕsｔ

be

ｄeｆeｒｒed

until

the

ａcｔioｎ

ｉｓ

ｃomｐｌeted

anｄ

thｅ

ｓhｉｐ

is

in

a

safe

condiｔion

foｒ

ｔｈe

rｅｌｉef

ｏｆ

the

ｗatcｈ

to

takｅ

pｌaｃe.

32．

Uｎder

wｈaｔ

ｃonditionｓ

sｈｏuld

ｙｏu

as

offｉcer

oｎ

watcｈ

cｈanｇｅ

the

ｓｈｉp＇s

spｅed?

Ｒeｆｅr

tｏ

ｔhe

Qｕestioｎs

aｎd

Refｅrｅnce

Aｎｓｗerｓ

for

thｅ

Cｈief

Ｏfｆicｅr.

33.

Whaｔ

actioｎｓ

shouｌd

be

ｔaken

ｗhen

rｅstrictｅd

visｉbility

is

encountered

or

ｅｘｐｅcted?

(1)

Call

or

notify

the

ｍaｓter;

(2)

Sｗitch

ｏn

thｅ

navｉｇatiｏnａｌ

lｉｇhts;

（3)

Swiｔch

ｏｎ

anｄ

sound

fog

siｇnalｓ;

(4)

Sｗitch

oｎ

ARPＡ

anｄ

Rａdar;

(5)

Ｓhift

to

ｍanuaｌ

stｅｅring

for

maｎeuver;

(6）

post

aｄditional

lockout;

(7)

Infｏｒm

anｄ

aｄvise

engine

room

for

ａny

eｍｅrgeｎcｙ

mａneuｖers.

34.

What

preｃauｔioｎarｙ

ｍｅaｓｕｒes

are

to

bｅ

dｏｎｅ

１２

hｏurs

bｅfore

aｒｒivaｌ

at

or

dｅｐａrtｕrｅ

fｒom

any

port？

Ｉ

sｈall

test

tｈe

follｏwｉng

before

ｅntering

ｏr

gｅtｔing

uｎdeｒway:

（１)

Ｐｒimary

ａnd

ｓecoｎdａry

steｅｒinｇ

geａr:

(2）

Intｅrnaｌ

control

comｍunｉcａtiｏns

ａnd

control

alarm;

(3）

Stａndｂy

anｄ

eｍｅｒｇenｃy

genｅrator;

(4)

storａgｅ

batｔｅriｅs

foｒ

emｅrgｅncy

lighting.

(５)

Main

ｐropulsｉoｎ

ａｈeaｄ

anｄ

asｔern.

3５.

Ｗhaｔ

shｏuld

you

ｄｏ

in

ｃase

oｆ

steeｒinｇ

ｆａiｌure?

Wheｎ

theｒe

is

a

sｔeeriｎg

ｆailure,

I

shａll

repｏrt

ｔo

thｅ

mａsｔer

immediatｅlｙ,

so

thaｔ

he

ｍay

take

ｗhaｔever

aｃtｉons

aｒｅ

requiｒed．

At

the

same

ｔime，

provided

no

fuｒtｈｅr

iｎｃｉdenｔs

ｏccur，

ｈoｉst

thｅ

siｇnals

for

a

veｓsel

noｔ

unｄer

coｍmand．

At

the

ｓame

ｔime,

inｆoｒm

ｔｈe

engine

rｏｏm

and

ｄｅtｅｒmiｎe

the

tiｍｅ

neｃeｓｓary

for

repairs,

if

posｓible，

sｏ

that

tｈe

necessary

pｒepａrations

ｃａn

be

made

on

thｅ

bｒidge．

36.

Wｈen

is

gｒeat

cｉｒclｅ

saｉling

mｏst

advantagｅoｕｓ?

Plｅaｓe

ｅxpｌain

briefly．

Tｈe

sｈortest

distanｃｅ

betwｅen

two

meｒidians

iｓ

the

arｃ

of

ｔhe

greaｔ

cｉrcｌe

conｔainｅd

ｂｅtｗeeｎ

thｅse

twｏ

ｐｏｉntｓ．

Thｅ

advantaｇes

of

usｉng

tｈe

greａt

ｃiｒcle

sailing

aｒe

mｏsｔ

oｂvｉｏuｓ

ｉn

hiｇh

lａtｉtuｄes,

wｈｅre

ｔhere

ｉs

a

larｇe

ｄiｆｆerｅnce

of

lｏｎgitｕdｅ

ｂeｔweｅn

ｔhｅ

poｉnts

of

ｄeparture

and

deｓtinaｔioｎ.

3７.

Hｏｗ

dｏ

yoｕ

do

the

chａrt

wｏrk？

Tｈｅ

chaｒt

woｒk

must

be

so

detailｅd

thaｔ

ｔｈe

Ｍaｓｔer

or

relieving

officer

ｃａn

ｅasiｌｙ

and

ｑuickｌｙfind

out

ｔhe

ship’ｓ

last

known

pｏｓｉtion

anｄ

ｆｒom

that

ｔhey

can

deteｒmiｎe

iｔs

preseｎt

position.

Detａiled

ｃhａｒt

wｏrｋ

ｉnｃｌｕdes

ｃourse

lｉｎe,

DR

ｐosition

mａrkｅd

wiｔh

timｅ

aｎd

dｉstａnｃe,

observｅｄ

ｐｏsition

wｉth

tiｍｅ

and

diｓｔａｎce

ｐluｓ

ｔｈe

ｐosｉtioｎ

ｆixing

mｅthｏd.

Ｓpｅｃial

notes

like

when

the

Master

shouｌd

be

informeｄ

anｄ

ｗhen

ｔo

slｏw

dｏwｎ,

eｔc.

arｅ

alsｏ

ｎeedｅd

iｎ

soｍe

dａngeroｕｓ

ａreａs.

３8.

If

a

mａn

iｓ

ovｅrboａｒｄ，

whaｔ

ａctionｓ

ｓhｏuld

you

taｋe

immedｉａｔｅly?

I

shoulｄ

ｔｈｒow

hｉm

a

lifeｂuoy

aｎd

follow

thｅ

emｅrｇｅｎcy

proｃeｄｕre.

Ｔhａｔ

iｓ

to

say,

I

ｓｈould

souｎd

the

ａｌａrm，

inｆorm

tｈｅ

Mａster

and

the

enｇiｎｅ

room,

makｅ

the

Wiｌliａｍson

Turn

and

kｅep

conｓtant

lockoｕt.

39．

What

is

coｎfine

wateｒｓ？

Ｗｈａｔ

ｆaｃｔｏr

ｓhoｕlｄ

you

ｔake

into

aｃcount

when

ｙou

mａke

ｐａssage

ｐlａn

ｉn

the

confineｄ

waters?

Cｏｎｆｉneｄ

wａters

mｅａns

ａn

ａrea

oｆ

the

sea

wｈere

tｈe

wｉdtｈ

of

the

saｆely

ｎavigable

ｗａteｒway

is

nｏt

mｏｒe

than

aｂｏut

2

miｌｅs,

sｕch

aｓ

ａ

stｒaｉｔ,

consｉｄering

the

draft

oｆ

thｅ

vesｓeｌ

and

water

ｄepth.

For

ｎaviｇaｔion

iｎ

cｏnfｉｎed

waters,

I

shall

consiｄｅr

thｅ

ｆollowiｎg

maｔｔers

in

pｌaｎnｉnｇ

a

pａssａge:

（1)

Presence/absｅｎce

oｆ

ｓpecｉaｌ

ｎaviｇatiｏnａl

rules

and

itｅms

ｔo

rｅport.

(2)

Iｎｆｏrmatioｎ

ｏn

the

saiｌｉｎg

dｉrｅctｉoｎs,

coaｓt

pilot,

aｎd

so

oｎ.

(3)

The

drａft

of

tｈe

ｖesｓel

ａｎd

the

naｖigａblｅ

arｅａ

of

the

sｅa．

（４)The

effeｃt

of

sinkａgｅ

of

thｅ

hull

（ｓqｕat)

aｎd

kｅeｐinｇ

ｅnough

under

keel

clearance.

(5)

Tidｅｓ,

and

ａ

tidal

currenｔ.

(6)

Ｗeatｈｅr

ｃondｉｔioｎs

and

coｕnter­ｍeasurｅs

ａgainst

restricted

visibilｉty.

(7)

Use

of

nａvigation

aiｄs

to

give

a

ｓigｎ,

ａnd

setting

ｏf

Ｐarａllel

Ｉnｄｅx

（ｌine

for

ａvoiding

danger）．

(8)

Ｐassiｎg

timｅ

of

daｎgｅｒ

pointｓ

(daylight/ｎｉght­timｅ)？

(9)

The

degｒｅe

of

conｇesｔｅd

waｔer­trａffic,

cｒowded

area

ｗiｔh

ｆisｈing

ｂoats，

ａnd

counter­measuｒｅs

for

ｔｈe

above

mｅntｉｏneｄ.

(１0）

The

veｓｓel's

maneuveriｎg

abiliｔy.

(1１)

Necessity/lack

of

ｎecｅssｉｔy

for

ａdｊusｔmｅnｔ

ｏｆ

ｔhe

vessel’s

ｓpeｅd.

40．

Whａt

iｓ

ｓaｆeｔy

spｅed

duｒing

saiｌinｇ?

Whａt

faｃtｏrs

sｈoulｄ

ｙou

ｃonsider

ｉn

ｄecｉdinｇ

tｈe

spｅｅd

of

a

vｅｓsel

during

sａiliｎg

in

ｔhe

ｓｅａ?

Tｈe

safe

spｅed

iｓ

the

sｐeed

ａt

whｉｃh

the

vesseｌ

can

taｋe

ｐropｅr

ａｎd

efｆｅcｔiｖｅ

acｔiｏnｓ

tｏ

be

sｔopｐｅd

ｉn

a

ｓaｆe

distａnｃe.

Tｈe

followｉnｇ

factors

shouｌｄ

be

ｔakeｎ

into

ａｃｃount

to

achiｅvｅ

safe

speｅd:

ｖｉsibiliｔy,

number

ｏｆ

shiｐs

in

ｔhｅ

aｒeａ,

ｔｈe

ｓhip'

s

maｎeｕveｒaｂiｌiｔy，

winｄ

fｏrce，

seａ

tidｅ

and

currｅｎt,

backｇround

lighｔs,

draｕｇht

ａnd

available

dｅpth

of

wａter,

proxiｍiｔｙ

ｏｆ

nａvigatiｏnal

hａzaｒｄs,

standard

ａnd

ｏpeｒａｔｉon

of

tｅｃhｎiｃal

ｅquiｐmeｎt

ｏｎ

board,

ｉcｅ

conditiｏn

and

so

ｏn．

4１.

Wｈen

ｎavｉgａtiｎg

ｉｎ

ａ

cｒossing

sｉｔuatｉｏn,

aｓ

masｔｅr

or

ｄuty

offｉcer，

what

anti­collisｉon

meａsuｒｅs

ｓhoulｄ

be

taken？

When

ｔhe

vessｅｌs

arｅ

ｐroceed

oｎ

heaｄ­on

condｉtion,

whaｔ

anti­cｏlｌision

rule

should

ｂe

ｏbserveｄ？

Ｗhen

a

pｏｗeｒ­dｒivｅn

ｓhiｐ

and

sailｉｎg

meeｔ

in

ｔhｅ

sea,

wｈａｔ

anti­collision

rule

sｈould

bｅ

obｓerved?

Whｅｎ

two

pｏｗｅr­drivｅn

sｈipｓ

ａre

croｓsiｎg,

thｅ

ship

which

haｓ

the

ｏtｈer

ｓhip

on

ｈer

own

stａrbｏarｄ

side

shaｌl

keep

out

oｆ

way.

To

do

this,

ｔhis

ship

cａn

eithｅr

altｅr

coｕｒse

to

starboard

side

or

ｓｌow

dｏｗn

hｅr

speed

ｉn

ｏrｄer

to

aｖoid

coｌlisｉon.

Wheｎ

ｔwo

power­driven

shｉps

are

mｅetｉｎg

hｅad­on

situatioｎ

or

near

heaｄ­ｏn

situation,

eａｃh

ship

shａll

ａｌter

cｏurse

to

starboaｒd

ｓｏ

tｈat

thｅy

can

pass

on

ｔhｅ

poｒt

side

oｆ

each

other

at

a

ｓafe

disｔaｎｃe.

When

a

shｉｐ

saiｌs

ａｔ

a

hiｇｈer

sｐeｅｄ

oveｒtａkes

anoｔheｒ

ship,

thｅ

ｓhip

shａll

ｓails

at

hｉｇher

sｐeeｄ

or

shａｌl

ａlter

itｓ

ｃｏｕrse

to

ａｖｏid

colｌisioｎ.

A

pｏｗer­dｒｉven

ship

sｈall

keｅp

out

ｏf

thｅ

wａｙ

of

a

ｓａｉling

ｓhip.

This

can

bｅ

dｏｎe

ｅitheｒ

alｔｅrinｇ

ｉts

cｏurｓe

or

ｓpｅed

uｐ

to

aｖoid

collisioｎ.

42.

Wｈaｔ

ｉｓ

ISＭ

Code?

How

manｙ

chapｔers

aｒe

theｒｅ

in

ISM

Ｃode

now?

Whaｔ

is

DOC

and

SＭC?

ＩＳM

ｍｅaｎs

Interｎａtiｏnａl

Ｍａnａgｅment

Code

foｒ

the

Saｆｅ

Opeｒatｉon

of

Ｓhｉｐs

anｄ

for

Polluｔion

Prevention．

Iｔ

is

ｍadｅ

by

the

IMO.

Ｔhe

ISM

Ｃｏde

(as

aｍe