Module5 Reading Grammar- Subjunctive Mood课件-高中英语外研版选修六

CloningModule5SubjunctiveMood虚拟语气语气概念：谓语动词用不同的形式表示说话人的不同意图，这种形式称为语气。1.陈述语气：用来陈述一个事实，或提出一种看法，有肯定、否定、疑问、感叹等形式。Heisnotinterestedinclassicalmusic.2.祈使语气：用来表示请求、邀请、命令、警告或劝告等（动词常用原形）Don’tbelate！3.虚拟语气：表示说话人所说的不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。

IfIhad

onemorechance,Iwouldsay

tothegirl“Iloveyou”.

1.Ifhehadcomeyesterday,Iwouldhavetoldhimaboutit.

Hedidnotcomeyesterday,soIdidnottellhimaboutit.2.IfIhadtimeatpresent,Icouldgowithyou.Idon’thavetime,soIcouldn’tgowithyou.

3.IfIweretogoabroad,IwouldgotoEngland.Iwon’tgoabroad,soIwon’tgotoEngland.

注意：虚拟语气是表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实，而是说话人的主观愿望、假设或推测等。表达虚拟语气时，需要对主句和从句的谓语动词进行变化Ifshehadn’tcalledme,Iwouldhaveoversleptthismorning.与事实相反IfIhadn’twontheticket,Iwouldn’thavebeenonboard.IfIhadn’tbeenonboard,Iwouldn’thavemetyou.过去表示过去并不存在的情况虚拟所指时间if从句的谓语形式主句的谓语形式过去haddonewould/could/should/might+havedone从句谓语动词形式主句谓语动词形式haddonecould/would/might/should+havedone表示与过去事实相反的情况

1.Ifyou_____________(take)myadvice,you__________________(notfail)intheexam.2.Ifyou____________(come)alittleearlier,you_________________(notmiss)thefamousprofessor.hadtakenwouldnothavefailedhadcomewouldn’thavemissedIfFrankenstein________(make)friendswithit,thecreature_________________(nothave)thedesireforawife.hadmadewouldn’thavehadIfFrankenstein____________(create)awifeforthecreature,it______________________(notmurder)people.wouldn’thavemurderedhadcreatedIfIwereabird,Icouldflyinthesky.IfIhadonemilliondollars,Iwouldtravelaroundtheworld.Ifwehadtimenow,weshouldreaditoncemore.Ifheknewthesecret,hemighttellyou.与事实相反现在虚拟所指时间if从句的谓语形式主句的谓语形式现在表达与现在事实相反的情况did(动词过去式)werewould/could/should/might+

do表示与现在事实相反的情况

If从句谓语动词形式主句谓语动词形式一般过去式（be用were）could/would/might/should+动原1)Ifgovernments_____________(notallow)cloning,manyscientists_____________(lose)theirjob.2)IfI______(be)theheadteacher,I____________(allow)theuseofcellphones.didn’tallowwouldlosewerewouldallowIfI_________(be)ontheothersideoftheworldnow,I_______________(face)theuglymonster.我现在要是在世界另一头，就不会面对这个怪物了！werewouldn’tface其实要是这家伙没这么丑的话，在它怀里还不错！Ifthemonster___________(notlook)sougly,it__________(feel)goodinhisarm.

didn’tlookwouldfeelIfitweretoraintomorrow,thefootballmatchmightbeputoff.IfPresentHucametoourschoolthisweekend,wewouldbeveryhappy.

IfIshouldgotothemoononeday,Icouldtakealotofpicturesofit.与事实相反将来表示将来实现的可能性非常小的情况虚拟所指时间if从句的谓语形式主句的谓语形式将来weretodoshoulddodidwould/could/should/might+动词原形表示与将来事实相反的情况

If从句谓语动词形式主句谓语动词形式could/would/might/should+动原shouldwereto+动原过去式Ifyou_____________________________(buy)ahelicopternextweek,I_____________________________(buy)atank.weretobuy/shouldbuy/boughtcould/would/might/shouldbuyHi!Howareyou?Frankenstein:Ifthemonster_____(say)‘”Hi”tome,I_____________(close)myeyes.saidwouldcloseFrankenstein:Ifthemonster

________

askmetomakefriendswithit,I_________(call)forthevillagerstochasehimoutofthevillage.shouldwouldcall虚拟条件从句(If)主句与现在事实相反的假设与将来事实相反的假设与过去事实相反的假设主语+did/were主语+should/would/could/might+do主语+haddone主语+should/would/could/might+havedonedid/were

主语+shoulddoweretodo主语+should/would/could/might+do带虚拟条件句的复合句时间if从句谓语动词主句谓语动词与过去事实相反haddonewould/should/could/mighthavedone与现在事实相反did/werewould/should/could/mightdo将来不可能/可能性很小did/werewould/should/could/mightdoweretodoshoulddoIfyouhadstudiedhardbefore,youwouldhavepassedtheexam.1.如果我是你，我会接受他的建议。2.如果明天下雨，我会待在家里。3.如果你以前好好学习，你会通过考试的。IfIwereyou,Iwouldaccepthisadvice.Ifitrained/shouldrain/weretoraintomorrow,Iwouldstayathome.2.错综时间虚拟语气当从句主句所表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整。Ifyou____________(follow)myadvicejustnow,you_________(be)betternow.Ifyou___________(study)hardbefore,you_________(be)acollegestudentnow.hadfollowedwouldbehadstudiedwouldbeIfyou______withGeorgeearlier,you_____soangrynow.talked;wouldnotbehadtalked;wouldnotbewouldtalk;wouldnotbehadtalked;wouldnothavebeenIfwehadtakensucheffectivemeasuresmuchearlier,theriver_____soseriouslynow.isnotpollutedwouldnotbepollutedhadnotbeenpollutedwouldnothavebeenpolluted3.if从句倒装从句中，有should，助动词had，were时，可省略if，并将should，had，were提至句首，用于倒装结构，否定词not不能提前。HadInotseenhimthen(Hadn’tIseenhimthen),Iwouldn'thavebeenveryhappy.1.IfIwereyou,Iwouldaccepthisadvice.2.Ifitrained/shouldrain/weretoraintomorrow,I…….3.Ifyouhadstudiedhardbefore,youwouldhavepassedtheexam.Hadyoustudiedhardbefore,……WereIyou,……Shoulditraintomorrow/Wereittoraintomorrow,…….______itraintomorrow,wewouldhavetoputoffthevisittotheYangPuBridge.WereB.ShouldC.WouldD.Will有时为了表达的需要，在虚拟语气中，并不总是出现if引导的条件句，而通过其它手段来代替条件句。常用的有without，butfor，or，otherwise等。WithouttheInternet,people’slifewouldbedifferentfromtoday.Withoutyourhelp,Iwouldhavefailed.Butforyouradvice,Iwouldn’thavefinishedtheworkontime.=IfIhadn’tacceptedyouradvice,…=IftherewerenoInternet,…=IfIhadn’tgotyourhelp,…4.含蓄条件句Withoutelectricity,humanbeinglife______quitedifferenttoday.iswillbewouldhavebeenwouldbeButforhishelp,I______.shouldnothavesucceededhavenotsucceededdidnotsucceedhadnotsucceededHehesitatedforamomentbeforekickingtheball,otherwisehe_____agoal.hadscoredscoredwouldscorewouldhavescored5.Wemayalsousetheword“wish”

tohelpusexpressourregrets.IwishIhadn’teatensomuch.Shereallywishedshehadstayedonatcollege.IwishIwastaller.‘Whereishenow?’‘IonlywishIknew!’Iwishyouwouldn’tleaveyourclothesalloverthefloor.2、与现在事实相反，表示目前不能实现的愿望:宾语从句谓语动词用did。1、与过去事实相反，表示不能实现的过去的愿望:宾语从句谓语动词用haddone。3、与将来事实相反，表示将来不能实现的愿望:宾语从句谓语动词用would/could/mightdo。wish+宾语从句与过去事实相反haddone

与现在事实相反did/were与将来事实相反could/would/might+do

Iwish(that)he_________________________(visit)ustomorrow.Iwish(that)he________(visit)ustoday.I

wishhe_________________(visit)usyesterday.hadvisitedwould/could/mightvisitvisited1.-----Heisabraveman.-----Yes,IwishI_________hiscourage.A.HaveB.hadC.willhaveD.wouldhave2.Tomcantakehiscarapartandputitbacktogetheragain.Icertainlywishhe_____mehow.A.teachesB.willteachC.hastaughtD.wouldteach1.Iwishit________raintomorrow.Ifso,Icanstayathometohaveagoodsleep.would2.Hewisheshe___________________(become)ascientistsomeday.could/wouldbecome3.–HaveyoueverbeentoBeijing?--No,butIwishI___.A.haveB.willC.doD.had

Ifonly…要是就好了=IwishIfonlywehadfollowedyouradvicelasttime!IfonlyIknewhisnamenow!IfonlyIcouldseehimagainnextyear!IfonlyIhadn’tmissedthetrain!要是我没错过火车就好了.与现在事实相反did/were与过去事实相反haddone与将来事实相反could/would/might+do

(1)Iwakeup_________thealarmcloc