2023年英美文学题库

ChapterIAnIntroductiontoOldandMedievalEnglishLiterature&TheRenaissanceA.British/immoralityB.French/moneyC.German/knowledgeD.American/politicalpower

Answer:C(可参考课本P21)

2._____,isatypicalexampleofOldEnglishpoetry,isregardedtodayasthenationalepicoftheAnglo-Saxons.

A.TheWife’sComplaintB.BeowulfC.TheDreamoftheRoodD.TheSeafarer

Answer:B(可参考课本P1)

3.It’sChauceralonewho,forthefirsttimeinEnglishliterature,presentedtousacomprehensiverealisticpictureoftheEnglishSocietyinhismasterpiece__________.

A.TheCanterburyTalesB.TheLegendofGoodWomenC.TroilusandCriseydeD.TheRomauntoftheRose.

Answer:A(可参考课本P4)

4.TheEssenceofRenaissance,themostsignificantintellectualmovement,was_____.

A.GeographicalexplorationB.ReligiousreformationC.PublishingandtranslationD.Humanism.

Answer:D(可参考课本P8)

5.“PrinceArthur’sgreatestmissionishissearchforGloriana,withwhomhehasfalleninlovethroughalovevision.”Thetwofigurescomefrom_____.

A.ParadiseLostB.Dr.FaustusC.TheFaerieQueeneD.Hamlet

Answer:C(可参考课本P13)

6.In“Sonnet18”,Shakespeare_________________.

A.Meditateonthedestructivepoweroftimeandeternalbeautybypoetry.

B.Satirizehuman’svanity.C.Predicttheeternityoflove.D.Eulogizethepowerofthebeauty.

Answer:A(P37)

7.____gavenewvigortotheblankversewithhis“mightylines”andmake’blankverse’theprinciplevehicleofexpressionindrama.

A.SurreyB.WyattC.MarloweD.Sidney

Answer:C(P21)

8.Shakespeare’sgreatesttragediesarethefollowingworksexcept____.

A.HamletB.KingLearC.RomeoandJulietD.Othello

Answer:C(P33)

9.TheRenaissancereferstobetween14th----mid-17thcentury,whichwasunderthereignofQueen___andabsolutemonarchyinEnglandreacheditssummit,andinwhichthe’realmainstream(真正的文学主流)’was____.

A.Victoria/poetryB.Elizabeth/dramaC.Mary/novelD.James/drama

Answer:B(P11)

10.InTheLegendofGoodWomen,ChaucerusedforthefirsttimeinEnglishtherhymedcoupletofiambicpentameter,whichistobecalledlater____.

A.TheSpenserianstanzaB.TheheroiccoupletC.TheblankverseD.Thefreeverse

Answer:B(P5)

11.TheRedcrosseKnightin“TheFaerieQueene”standsfor_____,andUnastandsfor_____.

A.bravery/chastityB.holiness/truthC.error/deliveryD.truegentleman/lady.

Answer:B(P16)

12.WhichofthefollowingisNOTregardedasoneofthecharacteristicsofRenaissance?

A.RediscoveryofancientRomanandGreekculture.

B.AttempttoremovetheoldfeudalistideasinMedievalEurope.

C.Exaltationofman’spursuitofhappinessinhislife,andtoleranceofman’sfoibles.

D.Praiseofman’seffortsinsouldeliveryandpersonalsalvation.

Answer:D(P7)

13.“Theslingsandarrowsofoutrageousfortune”isanexampleof______.

A.MetaphorB.SimileC.IronyD.Personification

Answer:A(P55)

14._____introducedthePetrarchansonnetintoEngland.

A.Anglos/SaxonsB.Normans/Anglo-SaxonsC.Greeks/RomansD.Romans/Normans

Answer:B(P11)

15.Itis___alonewho,forthefirsttimeinEnglishliteraturepresentedtousacomprehensiverealisticpictureoftheEnglishsocietyofhistimeandcreatedawholegalleryofvividcharactersfromallwalksoflife.

A.EdmundSpenserB.GeoffreyChaucerC.WilliamShakespeareD.JohnDonne

Answer:B(P4)

16.Thefollowingbelongtothecharacteristicsof’metaphysicalpoetry’representedby’JohnDonne’except___.

A.ConceitsB.ActualimageryandsimpledictionC.ArgumentativeformD.Elegantstyle

Answer:D(P63)

17.ParadiseLostisactuallyastorytakenfrom____.

A.GreekMythologyB.RomanlegendC.TheOldTestamentD.TheNewTestament

Answer:C(P73)

18.In“ParadiseLost”,Satansays“Wemaywithmoresuccessfulhoperesolve/Towagebyforceorguileeternalwar,/IrreconcilabletoourgrandFoe”Whatdoesthe“Eternalwar”mean?

A.ToremoveGodfromhisthroneB.ToburntheHeavenDown

C.TocorruptGod’screationofmanandwoman-----AdamandEveD.Tobeguileintoasnaketothreatenman’slife

Answer:C(P71,节选部分在P75)

19._____,thefirstofthegreattragedies,isgenerallyregardedasShakespeare’smostpopularplayonthestage,forithasthequalitiesofa“blood-and-thunder”thrilleranda’philosophicalexploration’oflifeanddeath.

A.TheMerchantofVeniceB.HamletC.KingLearD.TheWinter’sTale

Answer:B(P33)

20.Itwas___and___thetwoconqueststhatprovidedthesourcefortheriseandgrowthofEnglishliterature.

A.Anglos/SaxonsB.Normans/Anglo-SaxonsC.Romans/NormansD.Greeks/Romans

Answer:B(P1)

21.ParadiseLostis___’smasterpiece,whichisanepicin12books,writteninblankverse,abouttheheroicrevoltofSatanagainstGod’sauthority.

A.JohnDonneB.ChristopherMarloweC.JohnMiltonD.EdmundSpenser

Answer:C(P71)

22.ThefollowingdescriptionfitintoMilton’except’_____.

A.agreatrevolutionarypoetofthe17thcenturyB.anoutstandingpoliticalpamphleteer

C.agreatstylistandmasterofblankverseD.akindofelegantandrefinestyle.

Answer:D(P70---73)

23._____isnotwrittenbyJohnMilton.

A.SamsonAgonistesB.ParadiseLostC.ParadiseregainedD.Tamburlaine

Answer:D(P71)

24.Marlow’sgreatestachievementisthatheperfectedthe’blankverse’,andheisregardedas’thepioneerofEnglishdrama’,whichofthefollowingisnotwrittenbyhim?

A.TamburlaineB.TheJewofMaltaC.ThePassionatetoHisLoveD.TheSunRising

Answer:D(P20)

25.____EssaysisthefirstexampleofthatgenreinEnglishliterature,whichhasbeenrecognizedasanimportantlandmarkinthedevelopmentofEnglishprose.

A.JohnMilton’sB.FrancisBacon’sC.Montaigne’sD.ThomasGray’s

Answer:B(P58)

26._____Wasknownas“thepoets’poet”.

A.WilliamShakespeareB.EdmundSpenserC.JohnDonneD.JohnMilton

Answer:B(P15)

27.“Andwewillmaketheebedsofroses/Andathousandfragrantposies/Acapofflowers,andakirtle/Embroideredallwithleavesofmyrtle.”Theabovelinesareprobablytakenfrom______.

A.Spenser’sTheFaerieQueeneB.JohnDonne’sTheSunRising

C.Shakespeare’sSonnet18D.Marlow’sThePassionateShepherdtoHisLove.

Answer:D(P28)

28.WhichofthefollowingstatementbestillustratesthethemeofShakespeare’sSonnet18?

A.ThespeakereulogizesthepowerofNature.B.Thespeakersatirizeshumanvanity.

C.Thespeakerpraisesthepowerofartisticcreation.D.Thespeakermeditatesonman’ssalvation.

Answer:C(P37)

II.Readthequotedpartandanswerthequestions:

1.“ForhereinFortuneshowsherselfmorekind

Thanishercustom.Itisstillheruse

Toletthewretchedmanoutlivehiswealth,

Toviewwithholloweyeandwrinkledbrow

Anageofpoverty;fromwhichling’ringpenance

Ofsuchmiserydothshecutmeoff”

1.Identifythetitleoftheworksandauthor.

2.Explain“fromwhich…cutmeoff”.

3.Whathappenedtohim,whichcausedthewords?

参考答案:

Thelinesarefrom“TheMerchantofVenice”,

WilliamShakespeare.(P48)

2)Thissentencemeansshe,’LadyFortune(命运女神)’,ismorekindtohimbecausesheistakingawaybothhiswealthandlife.

3)ThespeakerisAntonio,it’ssaidthathisshiphaveallbeenlost,andheispenniless,andwillhavetopaythepoundofflesh.(BecauseShylockhasmadeastrangebondthatrequiresAntoniotopayhimapoundoffleshifhecan’trepayhimthemoneythatheborrowedforhisfriendinduetime.)(P38)

2.“Readnottocontractandconfuse,nottobelieveandtakeforgranted,nortofindtalkanddiscourse,buttoweighandconsider”

1)Identifytheworkandauthor.

2)Whatideadoesthepassageexpress?

参考答案：

1)Thesentencecomesfrom“OfStudies”writtenby’FrancisBacon’.(P61)

2)TheSentencetalksabouttheproperwaytoread:Whenyouread,don’tbepuzzledbythecontentofthebook;don’ttakeitforgranted;don’tquotetoomuchfromthebook;beforeacceptingitsidea,you’dbetterthinkaboutitsshortcomingsandconsideritfromallsides.

3.“Norlosepossessionofthatfairthouow’st;

Norshalldeathbragthouwander’stinhisshade,

Whenineternallinestotimethougrow’st:

Solongasmencanbreathe,oreyescansee,

Solonglivesthis,andthisgiveslifetothee.

1)Wheredoesthepoemcomesfrom?Whowroteit?

Whatdoes“eternallines”mean?

Interpretitbriefly.

参考答案：1)Thepoemis“ShallIComparetheetoaSummer’sDay”,byShakespeare.(P38)

2)Eternallinesmeansthelinesofthepoemandothersonnets.(P38)

3)Itmeans:youwillnotloseyourbeauty,anddeathwillnotthreatenyouwithdarkness,either.Aslongasmancanliveintheworld,theywillseeyourbeautyinmylinesofmypoem,whichhasgivenyoueternallife.(OrAnicesummer’sdayisusuallytransient,butthebeautyinpoetrycanlastforever.(P37)

4.“…Allisnolost:theunconquerablewill,

Andstudyofrevenge,immortalhate,

Andcouragenevertosubmitoryield:

Andwhatiselsenottobeovercome?……

IrreconcilabletoourgrandFoe”

1)Pleaseidentifythepoemandthepoet.

2)Interpret“allisnotlost”.

3)Whatdoesthewholepassagemean?

参考答案：1)ItistakenfromJohnMilton’s“ParadiseLost”.(P74)

2)“allisnotlost”isthewordfromSatan----SatanandotherangelsrebelagainstGod,buttheyaredrivenfromHeavenintohell.Inthefireofthehell,Satanisdeterminedtofightback,justlikewhathesays:notallislost,theunconquerablewill,thedeephatred,andthecouragetofighttilldeathstillremain.(P71)

3)ThispassageshowsSatan’swillnottosubmit(服从),andthedesiretolongforfreedom;tobegGodformercyandworshiphispowerismoreshamefulanddisgracefulthanthedownfall.(P71)

5.“Ifhebenotapttobeatovermatters,lethimstudythelawyer’scases.Soeverydefectofthemindmayhaveaspecialreceipt.”

Questions:3)Whatdoes“beatovermatters”mean?

4)Whatdoes“receipt’referto?

5)Fromwhichessaydoestheabovesentencescome,whatistheessaymainlyabout?

参考答案：1)Itmeans:makethroughexaminationsofthings.(P63)

2)“Receipt”referstocure,prescription.(P63)

3)Thesentencesarefrom“OfStudies”(FrancisBacon).Itisthemostpopularofbacon’sessays.Itanalyzeswhatstudieschieflyservefor,thedifferentwaysadoptedbydifferentpeopletopursuestudies,andhowstudiesexertinfluenceoverhumancharacter.(P60—61)

6.“What,isgreatMephistophilistopassionate

Forbeingdeprivedofthejoysofheaven?

LearnthouofFaustusmanlyfortitude

Andscornthosejoysthounevershaltpossess.

……

SayhewillsparehimFourandtwentyyears

Lettinghimliveinallvoluptuousness

Havingtheeevertoattendonme…

Questions:

1)Identifythepassageandauthor;

2)“Sayhesurrendersuptohimhissoul”,whowillsurrenderhissoul?Whatfor?

3)Whoarethee?Whatwillhedo?

参考答案：

1)Thepassagecomesfrom“Dr.Faustus”writtenbyChristopherMarlowe.(P25—26)

2)Dr.Faustuswillsurrenderhissoultodevil.Becausehewasagreatscholarwhohasastrongdesireto’getknowledge’invain,finallyhe’madeabond’tosellhissoultoDevilinreturnfor24yearsoflifeinwhichhemaygetanythinghedesires.(P22)

3)The“thee”,refersto“Mephistophilis”,theDevil’sservant.

HehelpedDr.Faustustodoanythinghewants.(P22)

7.“Busyoldfool,unrulysun,

Whydoesthouthus,

Throughwindowsandthroughcurtainscallonus?”

Questions:

6)Identifytheworkandauthor.

7)Whatideadoesthepassageexpress?

参考答案:

1)Thepassagecomesfrom“TheSunRising”,writtenby’JohnDonne’.(P66)

2)Thespeakerquestionsthesun’sauthorityandspeakscondescendingly,placingthesuninthestatusofasubordinate.Inthelover’skingdom,thesunhasnorighttodictatethetimeofdayorthepassingofseasons.Hispresenceintheirbedchamberisanintrusionontheirprivacy.

III.Questionsandanswers:

1.HowdoyouknowaboutRenaissance?GiveasummeryaboutEnglishliteratureintheperiod?

参考答案:

1.TheRenaissancereferstotheperiodbetween14th----mid-17thcentury.ItfirststartedinItaly.

2.TheRenaissancemeansrebirthorrevival----thediscoveryofancientRomanandGreekculture.

3.Inessence,TheRenaissanceisahistoricalperiodinwhichtheEuropeanhumanistthinkersandscholarstriedtogetridoftheoldfeudalistideasinmedievalEurope,tointroducenewideasthatexpressedtheinterestsoftherisingbourgeoisie/middleclass,andtorecoverthepurityoftheearlychurchfromthecorruptionofRomanCatholicchurch.

4.HumanismistheessenceofRenaissance-----Manisthemeasureofallthings.Thehumanismexalted/praisedhumannatureandemphasizedthedignityofhumanbeingsandthepresentlife.Theythoughtmanhadtherighttoenjoythebeautyoflifeandhadtheabilitytoperfecthimselfandmadewonders,whichgotreadyfortheappearanceofthegreatElizabethanwritersinBritain.Poetryanddramawerethemostoutstandingliteraryforms.

5.Shakespeare,MarloweandFrancisBaconetc.weretheremarkablerepresentativesoftheEnglishRenaissance.

(可参考课本P7---12)

2.PleasegiveabriefanalysisofHamlet’s“Tobeornottobe”soliloquy(独白).

参考答案:

“Tobeornottobe”is’aphilosophicalexplorationoflifeanddeath’.Thesoliloquycondemnedthehypocrisyandtreacheryandgeneralcorruptionoftheworld,andrevealedthecharacterofHamlet---so’speculative,questioning,contemplativeandmelancholy./gloomy’.Itwasnotbecausehewasnotabletotakeactiontorevenge,butbecauseofhis’hesitative/hesitantcharacter’,whenthechanceforactioncame,itseemeddefeat.

Itcanbeinterpretedas:Hamletbearstheheavyburdenofthedutytorevengehisfather’sdeath,heisforcedtoliveinthesuspenseoffactsandfiction,languageandaction.Heconsidersthatitwouldbebetterto’commitsuicide’,butbeingscaredofwhatmighthappentohimintheafterlife.Soheputoffthethingbecauseofthesin.Heconsiderstheplancarefullyonlytofindreasonfornotcarryingitout.Thesoliloquyconveys’thesenseofworld-weariness(厌世)’.(P33-34)

3.WhatcommonfeaturesdothecharactersshareinMarlow’sworks?(Nomorethan150words)

参考答案:

ThecreationofTheRenaissanceheroisoneofMarlow’scontributions.

1)Suchaheroisalwaysindividualisticandfullofambition,facingbravelythechallengefromgodandmen.Theyhadhumandignityandcapacity,tryingtogetheaven/highestideasontheearthbytheirownefforts.

2)Forexample:TamburlaineisacharacterwrittenbyMarlowe.Bydepictingagreatherowithhighambitionandsheerbrutalforc4einconquering,Marlowevoicedthesupremedesireofmanforinfinite/limitlesspowerandauthority.InDr.Faustus,Marlowecelebratedthehumanpassionforknowledge,powerandhappiness.

3)TamburlaineandDr.FaustusaretypicalinowningsuchRenaissancespirit,Tamburlaine,beingacruelconquer,foundhappinessinconqueringotherkingdom.Onlydeathcoulddefeathim.WhileDr.Faustus,amoreintrospectiveandphilosophicalfigure,hadhighspiritforknowledgebuthehadsinforhavingdespairinGodandtrustinDevil.(P20—22)

4.WhatarethemainthemesofShakespeare’splays?

参考答案：

Shakespeare’splaysaredividedinto3types:comedies,tragediesandhistoricalplays.

1)Hishistoricalplaysarewiththetheme-----nationalunityunderamightandjustsovereign/rulerisnecessary.

2)Inhisromanticcomedies,hetakesanoptimisticattitudetowardlovefriendshipandyouth.

3)Inhistragedies,Shakespearealwaysportrayssomenobleheroes,whofacestheinjusticeoflifeandiscaughtinadifficultsituationandwhosefateiscloselyconnectedwiththefateofhisnation.Eachherohashisweaknessofnature.Wealsoseetheconflictbetweentheindividualandtheevilforceinthesociety.Andhismajorcharactersarealwaysindividualsrepresentingcertaintypes.

5.PleasecommentonthecharacterofSatanin“ParadiseLost.”

参考答案：

Satanisarebellious(叛逆的)figureagainstGodinliterature,defeated,heandhisrebelangelswerecastintohell.However,Satanrefusedtoaccepthisfailure,swearingthat“allwasnotlost”andthathewouldrevengeforhisdownfall.ThefreedomofthewillisthekeystoneofSatan’scharacter,whichwastheimportantspiritoftherisingmiddleclass.WhilehetemptedAdamandEve,whichprovedhisevilness.

6.WhatarethecharacteristicsoftheHumanism?

参考答案：1)’Humanism’istheessenceofRenaissance.

2)Humanistsseethathumanbeingsweregloriouscreaturescapableofindividualdevelopmentinthedirectionofperfection,andthattheworldtheyinhabitedwastheirsnottodespise(轻视)butto’question,explore,andenjoy’.

3)Theyalsobelievethatmandidnotonlyhavetherighttoenjoythebeautyofthislife,buthadtheabilitytoperfecthimselfandtoperformwonders(发明奇迹).(P8)Chapter2TheNeoclassicalPeriod

I.Choosetherightanswer:

1.____bringsHenryFieldingthenameofthe"ProseHomer".

A.ThePilgrim’sProgressB.TomJonesC.RobisonCrusoeD.ColonelJack

Answer:B(P122)

2.AlexanderPopeworkedpainstakinglyonhispoems

andfinallybroughttoitslastperfection______Dryden

hadsuccessfullyusedinhisplays.

A.theheroiccoupletB.thefreeverseC.theblankverseD.theSpenserianstanza

Answer:A(P92)

3.Ofallthe18thcenturynovelists___wasthefirsttosetout,

bothintheoryandpractice,towritespeciallya"comicepicinprose."

A.HenryFieldingB.DanielDefoeC.JonathanSwiftD.JohnBunyan

Answer:A(P120)

4.____isthemostsuccessfulreligiousallegoryintheEnglishlanguage.

A.GenesisAB.TheHolyWarC.ThePilgrimsprogressD.Exodus

Answer:C(P85)

5.Inwhichofthefollowingworkscanyoufindthepropernames

"Lilliput","Brobdingnag","Houyhnhnm"and"Yahoo"?

A.ThePilgrim’sProgressB.TheFaririeQueeneC.Gulliver’stravelsD.TheSchoolofScandel

Answer:C(P108)

6."Asshadesmoresweetlyrecommendthelight,

Somodestplainnesssetsoffsprightlywit;

Forworksmayhavemorewitthandoes’emgood

Asbodiesperishthroughexcessofblood."

Intheabovelines,Popetriestosatthat_______.

A.morewitwillmakebetterpoetryB.plainnessismoreimportantthanwitinpoetry

C.toomuchwitwilldestroygoodpoetryD.plainnesswillmakewitdull

Answer:C(P93-94)

7.TheRapeoftheLockbyAlexanderPopeiswrittenintheformofamock______,whichdescribesthetrivialityofhighsocietyinagrandstyle.

A.epicB.elegyC.sonnetD.Hissentencesarecomplicated,buthisthoughtsareclearlyexpressed.

Answer:C(P132)

9."Theboastofheraldry,thepompofpower,

Andallthatbeauty,allthatwealthe’ergave,

Awaitsaliketheinevitablehour.

Intheabovequotedpassage,ThomasGrayintendstosaythatgreatfamily,power,beautyandwealth___________.

A.willnevermakepeopleleadtothesamedestination----pathsofglory.

B.willinevitablymakepeoplerealizetheirgloriousdreams

C.aretheverybestthingstoleadpeopletotheirglories

D.willneverpreventpeoplefromreachingtheirfinaldestination---grave.

Answer:D(P154)

10.____hasbeenregardedbysomeas"FatheroftheEnglishnovel"forhiscontributiontotheestablishmentoftheformofthemodernnovel.

A.JohnBunyanB.HenryFieldingC.DanielDefoeD.JohnathanSwift

Answer:B(P121)

11.____wasverymuchconcernedwiththethemeofthevanityofhumanwishesandtriedtoawakenmentothisfollyandhopedtocurethemofitthroughhiswriting.

A.SamuelJohnsonB.JonathanSwiftC.RichardBrinsleySheridanD.ThomasGray

Answer:A(P132)

12.____wastheonlyimportantdramatistofthe18thcentury,inhisplays,moralityistheconstanttheme.

A.AlexanderPopeB.RichardBrinsleySheridanC.SamuelJohnsonD.GeorgeBernardShaw

Answer:B(P136)

13.AstherepresentativeoftheEnlightenment,Popewasoneofthefirsttointroduce___toEngland.

A.RationalismB.CriticismC.RomanticismD.Realism

Answer:A(P91)

14.TheRivalsand____aregenerallyregardedasimportantlinksbetweenthemasterpieceofShakespeareandthoseofBernardShaw.

A.TheSchoolforScandalB.TheDuennaC.Widower’sHousesD.TheDoctor’sDilemma

Answer:A(P137)

15.____isasharpsatireonthemoraldegeneracy(道德沦丧)ofthearistocratic-bourgeoissocietyinthe18thcenturyEngland.

A.TheRivalsB.Gulliver’sTravelsC.TomsJonesD.TheSchoolforScandal

Answer:D(P138)

16.Thepoem"ElegyWritteninaCountryChurchyard"byThomasGrayisregardedasthemostrepresentativeworkof_____.

A.TheMetaphysicalSchoolB.TheGraveyardSchoolC.TheGothicSchoolD.TheRomanticSchool

Answer:B(P152)

17._______,writteninheroiccoupletbyPope,isconsideredmanifestoofEnglishNeoclassicism.

A.AnEssayofDramaticPoetryB.AnEssayonCriticismC.TheAdvancingoflearning3)Thefirststanzameans:Themenwithambitionandhighpositionshouldn’tlaughattheordinarypeoplefortheirsimplelifeandhardwork.

4)Inthepassage,thepoetreflectsonthedeath----nomatterhowpoororwealthy,orhowimportantandhumble,everyisequalbeforedeath,theauthorgivesmuchsympathytothepoorandunknown(P153)

III.Questionsandanswers:

1.PleaseanalyzetheNeoclassicalperiodandthecharactersoftheliterature.

参考答案：

1)TheNeoclassicalperiodisabout1660-1798,alsoknownas"theAgeofEnlightenment"or"theageofReason".

2)Itsbackgroundwas:a.Itwasanagefullofconflictsanddifferenceofvalues;b.ItwasanageoffastdevelopmentforEnglishtobecome

thefirstpowerfulcapitalistcountryintheworld;c.Itwasanageofeconomicdevelopment,inwhichbourgeois/middleclassgrewrapidly.

3)Inessence,theNeoclassicalPeriodwasaprogressiveintellectualmovement.

4)TheEnlightenersbelievedinself-restraint,self-relianceandhardwork;Theycelebratedreason/rationality,equalityandscience.

Theyadvocateduniversaleducation,whichcouldmakepeoplerationalandprefect,theybelieved.

5)Inliterature,TheEnlightenmentMovementbroughtaboutarevivalofinterestintheancientGreekandRomanclassicalworks;the

worksatthetime,heavilydidacticandmoralizing;havingfixedlawsandrulesforeverytypeoftheliterature;amongwhichproseandthemodernEnglishnovelpredominatedtheage.(AttheendoftheagesentimentalismandGothicNovelappeared.)6)TheagewasanimportantagewiththeremarkableauthorsPope,Defoe,etc.<P79---83>

2.Pleaseciteexamplesfrom"Gulliver’sTravels"toexplainbrieflyhowdidSwiftcriticizedandalludetothegovernmentandthesociety.

参考答案:

1)Inthefirstpartofthe"Gulliver’sTravels",Swiftdescribedthetricksandpracticesinthecompetitionheldbeforeroyalmemberstoalludetothefactthatthesuccessoftheofficialswasnotfortheirwisdomandexcellencebutfortheirskillsinthegames;

2)Inthepart4ofthebook,Swiftmadehorseswithreasonandgoodqualities.

Thecitizenswhoare"hairy,wild,lowanddespicablebrutes,whoresemblehumanbeingsnotonlyinappearancebutalsoinalmosteveryway"tocriticize/satirizeallrespectsoftheEnglishandEuropeanlife,andurgepeopletoconsiderthenatureofthehumanandlife.(P108-109)

3.Peoplealwayssaythat:"Asamemberofthemiddleclass,Defoespokeforandtothemembersofhisclass".Howdoyouunderstandthissentence?Pleaseexplainitwiththecharacterofhim.

参考答案：

1)Inmostofhisworks,Defoegavehispraisetothehard-working,sturdymiddleclassandshowedhissympathyforthelower-classpeople.RobinsonCrusoewassuchacharacter.

2)Robisongoesouttosea,getsshipwreckedandmarooned/landedonalonelyisland,strugglestolivefor24yearsthereandfinallyissavedbyashipandreturnstoEngland.DuringtheperiodRobinsonleadsaharshandlonelylifeandsurvivesbygrowingcorps,taminganimals,etc.growingfromanaiveyoungmanintoahardenedman.

3)Withagreatcapacityforwork,inexhaustibleenergy(精力充沛),courageandpersistenceinovercomingdifficulties（在克服困难方面持之以恒）,instrugglingagainstnature,Crusoebecomestheprototype/representativeoftheempirebuilder,thepioneercolonist.（他是大英帝国缔造者的完美典范，同时也是殖民者的先驱）．

4)Inthenovel,Defoeglorifiedhumanlaborandthepuritanfortitudewhichthemiddleclasspraisedhighly,sohecanberegardedasa

spokesmanofthebourgeois.(P98-100)Chapter3TheRomanticPeriod

I.Choosetherightanswer:

1.TheRomanticMovementexpressedamoreorless______attitudetowardtheexistingsocialandpoliticalconditions.

A.positiveB.negativeC.neutralD.indifferent

Answer:B(P160)

2.Itis_____whoestablishedthecultoftheindividualandchampionedthefreedomofthehumanspirit.

A.JeanJacquesRousseauB.JohannWolfgangvonGoetheC.EdmundBurkeD.ThomasPaine

Answer:A(P157)

3.ThetwomajornovelistsoftheEnglishRomanticPeriodare_____andWalterScott.

A.WashingtonIrvingB.JaneAustenC.HermanMelvilleD.CharlesDickens

Answer:B(P165)

4._____definesthepoetas"manspeakingtomen,"andpoetryas"thespontaneousoverflowofpowerfulfeelings,whichoriginatesinemotionrecollectedintranquility."

A.WilliamBlakeB.WilliamWordsworthC.SamuelTaylorColeridgeD.JohnKeats

Answer:B(P161)

5.FortheRomantics,____isnotonlythemajorsourceofpoeticimagery,butalsoprovidesthedominantsubjectmatter.

A.loveB.manC.natureD.death

Answer:C(P162)

6.IntheRomanticperiod,____isthemostprosperousliteraryform.

A.proseB.poetryC.fictionD.play

Answer:B(P161)

7.Thetoneofliteraturein"SongofExperience"byWilliamBlakeis_______.

A.dolefulB.livelyC.plainD.utter

Answer:A(doleful:悲哀的P168-169)

8._____isregardedasa"worshipofnature".

A.JohnKeatsB.WilliamBlakeC.WilliamWordsworthD.JaneAusten

Answer:C(P176)

9.WhichofthefollowingwritingsisnotcreatedbyWilliamWordsworth?

A.IWanderedLonelyasaCloud.B.ComposeduponWestminsterBridge,September3,1802.

C.TheSolitaryReaper.D.TheChimneySweeper.

Answer:D(P179---182)

10.Wordsworth’sshortpoemscanbeclassifiedintotwogroups:poemsaboutnatureandpoemsabout________.

A.loveB.humanlifeC.freedomD.socialactivities

Answer:B(P176)

11."DonJuan"isByron’smasterpiece,agreat______oftheearly19thcentury.

A.comedyB.tragedyC.comicepicD.novel

Answer:C(P194)

12.Inhislyricssuchas"OdetoLiberty","OdetoNaples",PercyByssheShellyexpressedhislovefor_____andhishatredtowardtyranny.

A.themiddleclassB.thepoorC.freedomD.theproletariat

Answer:C(P207)

13."WildSpirit,whichartmovingeverywhere;/DestroyandPreserver;hear,Ohear!"Thetwolinesarefoundin_____.

A.YoungGoodmanBrownbyHawthorneB.OdetotheWestWindbyShelly

C.LeavesofGrassbyWaltWhitmanD.UlyssesbyJoyce

Answer:B(P212)

14.InShelly’s"ToaSkylark",thebird,suspendedbetweenrealityandpoeticimage,poursforthan