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英语四级六级写作模板句型&词汇汇总开头部分:Manypeopleinsistthat...很多人坚持认为……Withthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,moreandmorepeoplebelievethat...随着科技的发展,越来越多的人认为……Alotofpeopleseemtothinkthat...很多人似乎认为……引出不同观点:People'sviewson...varyfrompersontoperson.Someholdthat....However,othersbelievethat....人们对……的观点因人而异。有些人认为.....然而其别人却认为……Peoplemayhavedifferentopinionson...人们对……也许会有不同的见解。Attitudestowards(drugs)varyfrompersontoperson.人们对待吸毒的态度因人而异。Therearedifferentopinionsamongpeopleasto...关于……人们的观点大不相同。Differentpeopleholddifferentattitudestoward(failure).对(失败)人们的态度各不相同。结尾部分:Takingallthesefactorsintoconsideration,wenaturallycometotheconclusionthat...把所有这些因素加以考虑,我们自然会得出结论……Takingintoaccountallthesefactors,wemayreasonablycometotheconclusionthat...考虑所有这些因素,我们也许会得出合理的结论……Hence/Therefore,we'dbettercometotheconclusionthat...因此,我们最佳得出这样的结论……Thereisnodoubtthat(job-hopping)hasitsdrawbacksaswellasmerits.毫无疑问,跳槽有优点也有缺陷。Allinall,wecannotlivewithout...Butatthesametimewemusttrytofindoutnewwaystocopewiththeproblemsthatwouldarise.总之,我们没有……是无法生活的。但同时,我们必须寻求新的解决办法来对付也许出现的新问题。提出建议:Itishightimethatweputanendtothe(trend).该是我们停止这一趋势的时候了。Itistimetotaketheadviceof...andtoputspecialemphasisontheimprovementof...该是采纳……的建议,并对……的进展给予特殊重视的时候了。Thereisnodoubtthatenoughconcernmustbepaidtotheproblemof...毫无疑问,对……问题应予以足够的重视。Obviously,....Ifwewanttodosomething...,itisessentialthat...显然,假如我们想做某事,很重要的是……Onlyinthiswaycanwe...只有这样,我们才干...Itmustberealizedthat...我们必须意识到...预示后果:Obviously,ifwedon'tcontroltheproblem,thechancesarethat...willleadusindanger.很明显,假如我们不能控制这一问题,很有也许我们会陷入危险。Nodoubt,unlesswetakeeffectivemeasures,itisverylikelythat...毫无疑问,除非我们采用有效措施,很也许会……Itisurgentthatimmediatemeasuresshouldbetakentostopthesituation.很紧迫的是,应立即采用措施阻止这一事态的发展。论证部分:Frommypointofview,itismorereasonabletosupportthefirstopinionratherthanthesecond.在我看来,支持第一种观点比支持第二种观点更有道理。Icannotentirelyagreewiththeideathat...我无法完全批准这一观点……Personally,Iamstandingonthesideof...就个人而言,我站在……的一边。Isincerelybelievethat...我真诚地相信……Inmyopinion,itismoreadvisabletodo...thantodo....在我个人看来,做……比做……更明智.Finally,tospeakfrankly,thereisalsoamorepracticalreasonwhy...坦诚地说,最后,尚有一个较为实际的因素……。给出因素:Thisphenomenonexistsforanumberofreasons.First,...Second,...Third,...这一现象的存在是有许多因素的。一方面……第二……第三……Whydid...?Foronething...Foranother....Perhapstheprimaryreasonis...为什么会……?一个因素是……令一个因素是……或许其重要因素是……Iquiteagreewiththestatementthat...thereasonsarechieflyasfollows.我十分赞同这一论述,即……,其重要因素如下:列出解决办法:Herearesomesuggestionsforhandling...这是如何解决某事的一些建议。Thebestwaytosolvethetroublesis...解决这些麻烦的最佳办法是……Peoplehavefiguredoutmanywaystosolvethisproblem.人们已找出许多办法来解决这个问题。批判错误观点和做法:Asfarassomethingisconcerned,……就某事而言……Itwasobviousthat...很显然,……Itmaybetruethat...,butitdoesn'tmeanthat...也许……是对的,但这并不意味着……Itisnaturaltobelievethat...,butweshouldn'tignorethat...认为……是很自然的,但我们不应忽视……Thereisnoevidencetosuggestthat...没有证据表白……作文中常用连接词的选择表达强调的连接词still,Indeed,apparently,oddlyenough,ofcourse,afterall,significantly,interestingly,also,aboveall,surely,certainly,undoubtedly,inanycase,anyway,aboveall,infact,especially.Obviously,clearly.表达比较的连接词like,similarly,likewise,inthesameway,inthesamemanner,equally.表达对比的连接词bycontrast,onthecontrary,while,whereas,ontheotherhand,unlike,instead,but,conversely,differentfrom,however,nevertheless,otherwise,whereas,unlike,yet,incontrast.表达列举的连接词forexample,forinstance,suchas,take...forexample.Except(for),toillustrate.表达时间的连接词later,next,then,finally,atlast,eventually,meanwhile,fromnowon,atthesametime,forthetimebeing,intheend,immediately,inthemeantime,inthemeanwhile,recently,soon,nowandthen,during,nowadays,since,lately,assoonas,afterwards,temporarily,earlier,now,afterawhile.表达顺序的连接词first,second,third,then,finally,tobeginwith,firstofall,inthefirstplace,last,next,aboveall,lastbutnottheleast,firstandmostimportant.表达也许的连接词presumably,probably,perhaps.用于解释的连接词inotherwords,infact,asamatteroffact,thatis,namely,insimplerterms.表达递进的连接词Whatismore,inaddition,and,besides,also,furthermore,too,moreover,furthermore,aswellas,additionally,again.表达让步的连接词although,afterall,inspiteof...,despite,evenif,eventhough,though,admittedly,whatevermayhappen.表达转折的连接词however,ratherthan,insteadof,but,yet,ontheotherhand,unfortunately.whereas表达因素的连接词forthisreason,dueto,thanksto,because,becauseof,as,since,owingto.表达结果的连接词asaresult,thus,hence,so,therefore,accordingly,consequently,asconsequence.用于总结的连接词onthewhole,inconclusion,inaword,tosumup,inbrief,insummary,toconclude,tosummarize,inshort.其他类型连接词Mostly,occasionally,currently,naturally,mainly,exactly,evidently,frankly,commonly,forthispurpose,toalargeextent,formostofus,inmanycases,inthiscase,图表作文常用句型:Asisshowninthegraph...如图所示……Thegraphshowsthat...图表显示……Ascanbeseenfromthetable,...从表格中可以看出……Fromthechart,weknowthat...从这张表中,我们可知……Allthesedataclearlyprovethefactthat...所有这些数据明显证明这一事实,即……Theincreaseof....Inthecityhasreachedto20%...在这个城市的增长已达成20%。In1985,thenumberremainedthesame.1985年,这个数字保持不变。Therewasagradualdeclinein1989.1989年,出现了逐渐下降的情况。模拟题一PartⅡListeningComprehension(30minutes)SectionC(复合式听写调整为单词及词组听写,短文长度及难度不变。)Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblankswiththeexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Finally,whenthepassageisreadforthethirdtime,youshouldcheckwhatyouhavewritten.点击播放听力音频>>Thereisgrowingdissatisfactiontowardrichpeople,accordingtoanewonlinepoll.ThepollbytheChinaYouthDaily26__________sina.comhashighlightedtheapparent27__________overthecountry’swideningincomegap.Nearly8,000peoplefilledinonline28__________lastweek,andwhenaskedtousethreewordstodescribethesociety’srich,thetop29__________were“extravagant”,“greedy”and“corrupt”.About57percentofthose30__________saidthat“extravagant”wasthebestwordtodescribetherich,followedcloselyby“greedy”.31__________,despitetheirdissatisfaction,93percentofthosepolledwishedtheycouldberichtoo,andthatricherpeopleshouldbe“socially32__________”.Some33__________percentofrespondentsalsopraisedrichpeopleforbeing“smart”.Nearly90percentofrespondentsagreedthatmostpeopleinsociety,includingthemselves,33speakupforthepoorbutwere34__________totakeactionandactuallydosomethingforthem.ThesurveycomesontheheelsofaheateddebateovercommentsmadebyrenownedeconomistMaoYushi,whosaidacoupleofdaysagothathewasspeakingfortherichandworkingforthepoor.AreportreleasedbytheAsianDevelopmentBanklastWednesdayrevealedthatChina’sGinicoefficient—anindicatorofthewealthdivide—rosefrom0.407in1993to0.473in2023.AnearlierChineseAcademyofSocialSciencesreportsaidthattherichest10percentofChinesefamiliesnowownmorethan40percentofallprivateassets,whilethepoorest10percentinthecountrysharelessthan2percentofthetotalwealth.Thecountry’sincomegapisclosetothatofLatinAmerica,thereportwhich35__________inJanuarysaid.PartⅢReadingComprehension(40minutes)SectionB(原快速阅读理解调整为长篇阅读理解,篇章长度和难度不变。篇章后附有10个句子,每句一题。每句所含的信息出自篇章的某一段落,规定考生找出与每句所含信息相匹配的段落。)Directions:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.DaylightSavingTime(DST)HowandWhenDidDaylightSavingTimeStart?[A]BenjaminFranklin—of“earlytobedandearlytorise”fame—wasapparentlythefirstpersontosuggesttheconceptofdaylightsavings.WhileservingasU.S.ambassadortoFranceinParis,Franklinwroteofbeingawakenedat6a.m.andrealizing,tohissurprise,thatthesunwouldrisefarearlierthanheusuallydid.Imaginetheresourcesthatmightbesavedifheandothersrosebeforenoonandburnedlessmidnightoil,Franklin,tonguehalfincheek,wrotetoanewspaper.[B]Itwasn’tuntilWorldWarIthatdaylightsavingswererealizedonagrandscale.Germanywasthefirststatetoadoptthetimechanges,toreduceartificiallightingandtherebysavecoalforthewareffort.Friendsandfoessoonfollowedsuit.IntheU.S.afederallawstandardizedtheyearlystartandendofdaylightsavingtimein1918—forthestatesthatchosetoobserveit.[C]DuringWorldWarIItheU.S.madedaylightsavingtimemandatory^强制的)forthewholecountry,asawaytosavewartimeresources.BetweenFebruary9,1942,andSeptember30,1945,thegovernmenttookitastepfurther.Duringthisperioddaylightsavingtimewasobservedyear-round,essentiallymakingitthenewstandardtime,ifonlyforafewyears.Manyyearslater,theEnergyPolicyActof2023wasenacted,mandatingacontroversialmonth-longextensionofdaylightsavingtime,startingin2023.DaylightSavingTime:EnergySaverorJustTimeSuck?[D]Inrecentyearsseveralstudieshavesuggestedthatdaylightsavingtimedoesn’tactuallysaveenergy—andmightevenresultinanetloss.EnvironmentaleconomistHendrikWolff,oftheUniversityofWashington,co-authoredapaperthatstudiedAustralianpower-usedatawhenpartsofthecountryextendeddaylightsavingtimeforthe2023SydneyOlympicsandothersdidnot.Theresearchersfoundthatthepracticereducedlightingandelectricityconsumptionintheeveningbutincreasedenergyuseinthenowdarkmornings—wipingouttheeveninggains.That’sbecausetheextrahourthatdaylightsavingtimeaddsintheeveningisahotterhour.“Soifpeoplegethomeanhourearlierinawarmerhouse,theyturnontheirairconditioning,”theUniversityofWashington’sWolffsaid.[E]Butotherstudiesdoshowenergygains.InanOctober2023daylightsavingtimereporttoCongress,mandatedbythesame2023energyactthatextendeddaylightsavingtime,theU.S.DepartmentofEnergyassertedthatspringingforwarddoessaveenergy.Extendeddaylightsavingtimesaved1.3terawatt(太瓦)hoursofelectricity.ThatfiguresuggeststhatdaylightsavingtimereducesannualU.S.electricityconsumptionby0.03percentandoverallenergyconsumptionby0.02percent.Whilethosepercentagesseemsmall,theycouldrepresentsignificantsavingsbecauseofthenation’senormoustotalenergyuse.[F]What*smore,savingsinsomeregionsareapparentlygreaterthaninothers.California,forinstance,appearstobenefitmostfromdaylightsavingtime—perhapsbecauseitsrelativelymildweatherencouragespeopletostayoutdoorslater.TheEnergyDepartmentreportfoundthatdaylightsavingtimeresultedinanenergysavingsofonepercentdailyinthestate.[G]ButWolff,oneofmanyscholarswhocontributedtothefederalreport,suggestedthatthenumbersweresubjecttostatisticalvariability(变化)andshouldn’tbetakenashardfacts.Anddaylightsavings,energygainsintheU.S.largelydependonyourlocationinrelationtotheMason-DixonLine,Wolffsaid.“TheNorthmightbeaslightwinner,becausetheNorthdoesn’thaveasmuchairconditioning,”hesaid.“ButtheSouthisadefiniteloserintermsofenergyconsumption.TheSouthhasmoreenergyconsumptionunderdaylightsaving.”DaylightSavingTime:HealthyorHarmful?[H]Fordecadesadvocatesofdaylightsavingshavearguedthat,energysavingsorno,daylightsavingtimeboostshealthbyencouragingactivelifestyles—aclaimWolffandcolleaguesarecurrentlyputtingtothetest.“InanationwideAmericantime-usestudy,we’reclearlyseeingthat,atthetimeofdaylightsavingtimeextensioninthespring,televisionwatchingissubstantiallyreducedandoutdoorbehaviorslikejogging,walking,orgoingtotheparkaresubstantiallyincreased,”Wolffsaid.“That’sremarkable,becauseofcoursethetotalamountofdaylightinagivendayisthesame.”[I]Butotherswarnofilleffects.TillRoenneberg,auniversityprofessorinMunich(慕尼,黑),Germany,saidhisstudiesshowthatourcircadian(生理节奏的)bodyclocks—setbylightanddarkness—neveradjusttogainingan“extra”hourofsunlighttotheendofthedayduringdaylightsavingtime.[J]Onereasonsomanypeopleinthedevelopedworldarechronically(长期地)overtired,hesaid,isthattheysufferfrom“socialjetlag.”Inotherwords,theiroptimalcircadiansleepperiodsdon"taccordwiththeiractualsleepschedules.Shiftingdaylightfrommorningtoeveningonlyincreasesthislag,hesaid.“Lightdoesn’tdothesamethingstothebodyinthemorningandtheevening.Morelightinthemorningwouldadvancethebodyclock,andthatwouldbegood.Butmorelightintheeveningwouldevenfurtherdelaythebodyclock.”[K]Otherresearchhintsatevenmoreserioushealthrisks.A2023studyconcludedthat,atleastinSweden,heartattackrisksgoupinthedaysjustafterthespringtimechange.“Themostlikelyexplanationtoourfindingsisdisturbedsleepanddisruptionofbiologicalrhythms,”OneexperttoldNationalGeographicNewsviaemail.DaylightSavings!LoversandHaters[L]Withverdicts(定论)onthebenefits,orcosts,ofdaylightsavingssosplit,itmaybenosurprisethattheyearlytimechangesinspirepolarizedreactions.IntheU.K.,forinstance,theLighterLatermovement—partof10:10,agroupadvocatingcuttingcarbonemissions—arguesforasortofextremedaylightsavings.First,theysay,movestandardtimeforwardanhour,thenkeepobservingdaylightsavingtimeasusual—addingtwohoursofeveningdaylighttowhatwecurrentlyconsiderstandardtime.ThefolksbehindStandardtime.com,ontheotherhand,wanttoabolishdaylightsavingtimealtogether,callingenergy-efficiencyclaims“unproven.”[M]NationaltelephonesurveysbyRasmussenReportsfromspring2023andfall2023deliverthesameanswer.Mostpeoplejust“don’tthinkthetimechangeisworththehassle(麻烦洽勺事).”Forty-sevenpercentagreedwiththatstatement,whileonly40percentdisagreed.ButSeizetheDaylightauthorDavidPrerausaidhisresearchondaylightsavingtimesuggestsmostpeoplearefondofit.“Ithinkifyouaskmostpeopleiftheyenjoyhavinganextrahourofdaylightintheeveningeightmonthsayear,theresponsewouldbeprettypositive.”46.Daylightsavings,energygainsmightbevariousduetodifferentclimates.47.Disturbedsleepanddisruptionofbiologicalrhythmsmaybethebestexplanationtohigherheartattackrisksinthedaysafterthespringtimechange.48.AresearchindicatedthatDSTmightnotsaveenergybyincreasingenergyuseinthedarkmornings,thoughitreducedlightingandelectricityconsumptionintheevening.49.Germanytooktheleadtosavewartimeresourcesbyadoptingthetimechangesandreducingartificiallighting.50.Auniversityprofessorstudiedtheeffectofdaylightsavingtimeandsoundedthealarmofitsnegativeeffects.51.Socialjetlagcanpartlyaccountforpeople’schronicfatiguesyndromeindevelopedcountries.52.ThefigureofastudyintheU.S.suggestedthatDSTcouldsavealotofenergynationally.53.Supportersofdaylightsavingshavelongconsidereddaylightsavingtimedoesgoodtopeople’shealth.54.AgroupadvocatingcuttingcarbonemissionslaunchestheLighterLatermovementtobackakindofextremedaylightsavings.55.Ascholarcontributingtoafederalreportsuggestedthattheamountofsavedenergyhadsomethingtodowithgeographicposition.PartⅣTranslation(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestotranslateapassagefromChineseintoEnglish.YoushouldwriteyouransweronAnswerSheet2.中国是世界上最大的发展中国家,人口约占世界总人口的22%。在过去相称长的时期里,由于诸多因素,贫困一直困扰着中国。20世纪80年代中期,中国农村绝大多数地区凭借自身的发展优势,经济得到快速增长,但少数地区由于经济、社会、历史、自然等方面的制约,发展相对滞后。中国政府在致力于经济和社会全面发展的进程中,在全国范围内实行了以解决贫困人口温饱问题为重要目的的有计划、有组织的大规模扶贫开发,极大地缓解了贫困现象。答案解析PartⅡListeningComprehensionSectionC26.incollaborationwith与合作27.discontent不满意;不满足28.questionnaires调查表,问卷29.responses回答,答复30.polled被调查的,受民意调查的PartⅢReadingComprehensionSectionD46.[F]。题干意为,夏令时带来的能源收益也许会由于不同的气候而有差异。注意抓住题干中的关键词daylightsavings"energygains,various和differentclimates。文章段落中,提到能源节约量与天气有关的内容在[F]段出现,该段前两句提到,一些地区的节能量明显比其他地区要大。例如,加利福尼亚州似乎是从夏令时中获益最大的——也许是由于那里的气候相对溫和,鼓励人们在户外待到更晚。由此可知,题干对原文进行了概括和同义改写,故答案为[F]。47.[K]。题干意为,睡眠障碍和生物节律紊乱也许是春季时间变化后心脏病发病率上升的最佳解释。注意抓住题干中的关键词disturbedsleepanddisruptionofbiologicalrhythms,explanation和higherheartattackrisks。文章段落中,提及睡眠障碍和生物节律紊乱以及心脏病发病率上升的内容在[K]段出现,该段第二句提到,2023年的一项研究总结道,至少在瑞典,在春季时间变化后不久,心脏病发病率就上升了……接着第三句引用了一位专家的话:“根据我们的调查结果,最合理的解释是睡眠障碍及生物节奏紊乱。”由此可知,题干是对原文的同义改写,故答案为[K]。48.[D]。题干意为,一项研究表白,尽管实行夏令时能减少夜间照明及电量消耗,但却由于增长了晨间的用电量而也许无法节约能源。注意抓住题干中的关键词increasingenergyuseinthedarkmornings和reducedlightingandelectricityconsumptionintheevening。文章段落中,提到了增长晨间的用电量和减少夜间照明及?电量消耗的是[D]段,该段第三句提Sij,研究人员发现这种做法减少了夜间照明及电量消耗,但是却增长了晨间的用电量,由于现在上午很灰暗——这就抵消了夜间节约的能源。由此可知,题干对原文进行了同义改写,故答案为[D]。49.[B]。题干意为,德国率先通过采用时间变化和减少人工照明来节约战时资源。注意抓住题干中的关键词Germany,thetimechanges和artificiallighting。文章段落中,有关德国的内容在[B]段出现,该段第二句提到,德国是第一个采用时间变化以减少人工照明从而为战事节约煤炭资源的国家。由此可知,题干是对原文的同义转述,故答案为[B]。50.[I]。题干意为,一位大学专家研究了夏令时的作用并警示人们其带来的悲观影响。注意抓住题干中的关键词auniversityprofessor和soundedthealarmofitsnegativeeffects。文章段落中,提及夏令时会带来负面影响的内容在[I]段出现,该段首句指出,但是其别人却警告人们夏令时所带来的负面影响。德国慕尼黑一所大学的专家蒂尔?伦内伯格说,他的研究显示,我们的生物钟是根据白天和黑夜拟定的,永远都适应不了夏令时期间白天快结束时所多余的那“额外”一小时的日光。由此可知,题干是对原文的概述,故答案为[I]。51.[J]。题干意为,社会时差是发达国家的人们患长期疲劳综合征的部分因素。注意抓住题干中的关键词socialjetlag和chronicfatiguesyndrome。文章段落中,提到社会时差和人们长期疲劳的内容在[J]段出现,该段第一句提到,发达国家中的很多人长期感觉过度劳累,因素之一就是,他们遭受“社会时差”的折磨。由此可知,题干是对原文的同义转述,故答案为[J]。52.[E]。题干意为,美国一项研究的数据表白实行夏令时能在全国范围内节约很多能源。注意抓住题干中的关键词figure,savealotofenergy和nationally。文章段落中,提到整个国家节能总量大的内容在[E]段出现,该段最后两句提到,这个数字意味着,夏令时使美国年耗电量减少了0.03%,也使整体能耗减少了0.02%。尽管这些比例看起来很小,但是,由于国家总能耗量很庞大,它们所代表的节能量还是很大的。由此可知,题干是对原文的同义改写,故答案为[E]。53.[H]。题干意为,夏令时的支持者长期以来认为夏令时对人们的健康有好处。注意抓住题干中的关键词supportersofdaylightsavings和dogoodtopeople’shealth。文章段落中,提及夏令时支持者以及夏令时与人类健康的关系的内容在[H]段出现,该段第一句提到,几十年来,夏令时的提倡者一直宣称,不管夏令时能否节约能源,它都有助于健康,由于它提倡的是积极的生活方式。由此可知,题干是对原文的同义转述,故答案为[H]。54.[L]。题干意为,提倡减少碳排放量的一个组织发起了“晚亮灯运动”以支持一种极端的日光节约时制。注意抓住题干中的关键词agroupadvocatingcuttingcarbonemissions,LighterLatermovement和akindofextremedaylightsavings。文章段落中,提及“晚亮灯运动”的内容在[L]段出现,该段第二句提到,在英国,“晚亮灯运动”——作为10:10(提倡减少碳排放量的一个组织)开展的运动的一部分——提倡一种极端的日光节约时制。由此可知,题干是对原文的同义转述,故答案为[L]。55.[G]。题干意为,协助撰写联邦报告的一位学者表达,能源的节约量与所处的地理位置有关。注意抓住题干中的关键词ascholarcontributingtoafederalreport和geographicposition。文章段落中,提及能源节约量和地理位置的关系的内容在[G]段出现,该段第二句提到,沃尔夫表达,夏令时给美国带来的能源收益重要取决于某个地区与梅森一狄克森线的相对位置。由此可知,题干是对原文的同义转述,故答案为[G]。PartⅣTranslation参考答案Chinaisthelargestdevelopingcountryintheworldanditspopulationaccountsforabout22percentoftheworld’stotal.Foralongperiodofitshistory,Chinahasbeenplaguedbypovertyforvariousreasons.Inthemid-1980s,theeconomyofanoverwhelmingmajorityoftheruralareasinChinagrewdramaticallybyvirtueoftheirownadvantages,butasmallnumberofareasstilllaggedbehindbecauseoftheconstraintsoftheireconomic,social,historical,andnaturalconditions.TheChinesegovernment,whileworkingonall-roundeconomicandsocialdevelopment,hasnationwideimplementedalarge-scaleprogramfordevelopment-orientedpovertyreliefinaplannedandorganizedway.Withthemainobjectiveofhelpingpoverty-strickenpeoplesolvethefoodandclothingproblems,thisprogramhasgonealongwaytowardalleviatingpoverty.难点精析1.发展中国家:英语中相应的表达为developingcountry,该句结构简朴,直译即可。::2.人口约占世界总人口的……:此句紧接上文,和前面一个分句共享一个主语China,为了指代清楚并且避免反复,此处的“人口”可译为itspopulation。表达“(数量、比例上)占”有一个常用的词组accountfor。“世界总人口”假如直译的话是theworld’stotalpopulation或者thetotalpopulationoftheworld,但是由于该分句的主语中已经出现了一次population,故此处可将total活用作名词,意为“总数”。3.在过去相称长的时期里:该分句假如直译的话可译为foralongtimeinthepast,但是根据语境,此处“相称长的时期”指的是“中国历史中的一个很长的时期”,又由于该分句所在句的主语随后紧接着出现,因:而可以意译为foralongperiodofitshistory。!4.由于诸多因素:此处较为简朴,可以有多种译法。“由于”可以用becauseof,dueto,outof来表达,也可以用一个简洁的单词for。“诸多”的表达方式也有很多,如many,various,alotof,lotsof等。因而该分句可简洁地译为forvariousreasons。::5.贫困一直困扰着……:表达“被贫困所困扰”较为常用的译法是beplaguedby,由于此处表达的是过去已经发生并且其影响连续到现在的一种状态,因而注意时态要采用现在完毕时。此处可译为…hasbeenlaguedbypoverty。6.20世纪80年代中期……发展相对滞后:该句较长,翻译时要注意平衡句子的结构。“经济发展较快”中的:;“经济”指的是“中国农村绝大多数地区的经济”,在翻译时可以照此调整一下句子的语序。“滞后”常用lagbehind来表达。7.中国政府在致力于……缓解了贫困现象:该句内容较多,翻译时可以根据语义将该长句拆提成两个独立的句子,即:“中国政府在致力于经济和社会全面发展的进程中,在全国范围内实行了有计划、有组织的大规模扶贫开发。扶贫开发以解决贫困人口的溫饱问题为重要目的,极大地缓解了贫困现象。”“致力于”可以用短语workon来表达。“扶贫开发”事实上是一个项目,因而可灵活译为aprogramfordevelopment-orientedpovertyrelief。模拟三PartⅡListeningComprehension(30minutes)SectionC(复合式听写调整为单词及词组听写,短文长度及难度不变。)Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblankswiththeexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Finally,whenthepassageisreadforthethirdtime,youshouldcheckwhatyouhavewritten.Growingnumbersofbrightstudentsfacemissingoutontheirfirstchoiceuniversity,academicswarnedtoday,asfiguresshowedthree-quartersofinstitutionsarebeingforcedtoreduceplaces.Almost100outof130universitiesinEnglandcouldbeforcedtotakefewer26__________thisyear,followingtheintroductionofCoalitionreformsdesignedtodrivedown27__________fees.ManymembersoftheeliteRussellGroupareamongthosefacing28__________,withLiverpool,Leeds,Manchester,NewcastleandSouthamptonbeingparticularly29__________.DatafromtheGovernment’sHigherEducationFundingCouncilforEnglandsuggestssomeneweruniversitiessuchasBedfordshireandEastLondonareexpectingtolosearoundone-in-eightplaces.Thecutsarebeing30__________followingtheintroductionofnewrulesthateffectively31__________universitieschargingmorethan£7,500instudentfeesfromthisautumn.Itmeanslargenumbersofplacesarebeing32__________towardscheapfurthereducationcolleges.MinistersarealsoliftingcontrolsonthenumberofbrightstudentsgainingatleasttwoAgradesandaBatA-levelthatuniversitiescanrecruit—33__________aninevitablescrambletowardsasmallnumberoftopinstitutions.Thefundingcouncil’schiefexecutivedeniedthelossofstudentplaceswouldtipanyinstitutionintosignificantfinancialtrouble.ButProfMichaelFarthing,vice-chancellorofSussexUniversityandchairmanofthe1994Group,whichrepresentsmanysmallresearchinstitutions,saidthefiguresshowthatmanyexcellentstudentswillbedeniedplacesattheirfirstchoiceuniversities.“Thenumberofstudentsuniversitiesareallowedtorecruithasbeencutacrossthesector,with20,000places34__________toinstitutionswithlowerthanaveragefees,”hesaid.“Farfromgivingthebestuniversitiesfreedomto35__________morestudents,thisrepresentsapushtoacut-priceeducation.”PartⅢReadingComprehension(40minutes)SectionB(原快速阅读理解调整为长篇阅读理解,篇章长度和难度不变。篇章后附有10个句子,每句一题。每句所含的信息出自篇章的某一段落,规定考生找出与每句所含信息相匹配的段落。)Directions:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmoremarkingthecorrespondingletteronthanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbyAnswerSheet2.WhyAreAirlinesWithholdingSeats?Behindthescreenindeed[D]Anawfulplotgoesonbehindairlineandtravelbookingscreens,andmuchofitisstrictlyoff-limitstoconsumers.Whatwedoknowisthatfordecadesnowairlineshavebecomemastersofwhattheindustrycallsyieldmanagement,offeringmillionsofcombinationsoffaresbasedonadvancepurchasepatternsandotherbookingtrends,sonearlyeveryonepaysadifferentpricebasedonwhentheybuy.Butnowthatpayingextraforyourseatselectionhasbecomecommonpractice,securingyourreservationisjusthalfthebattle.[E]Someindustryexpertshaveconnectedthedots.“They’retryingtogetpeopletobuypremiumseats,”saysGeorgeHobica,USATODAY.com’sFlyGuycolumnistandthefounderofAirfarewatchdog.com.“Theywanttoincreaserevenue.Andwe’regettingmorecomplaintsaboutit.”Henotesthatit“reallyannoys”passengerswhowanttosittogether,particularlywhentravelingwithsmallchildren.[F]He’sechoedbyKevinMitchell,chairmanoftheBusinessTravelCoalition(联盟):“Withyieldmanagement,consumersareawareandtheyknowthatairlinesareconstantlychangingpricesonseats.Butifthisistrue,itisunethical—they’regrosslymisleadingus.ThethingthatIfindsooffensiveisconveyingtomethatIhavenooptions,butifIwaitaweekortwothenIdohaveoptions.”[G]Accordingtotheairlines,thereasonforancillary(附力口的)revenueisunbundling(分类计价)ticketprices,sopassengerswhodesireagivenservice—saycheckingabagororderingasoftdrink—payforit,whilethosewhodon’taresparedthecost.ButasMitchellnotes,“There’sanothertwisttothis.Theairlinesaresayingfeesarefor‘optionalservices.’Well,seatsaren’toptional!”[H]Ofcourse,securingagoodseatisn’tanissueifyou’reinfirstclassoryou’reanelitememberofafrequentflyerprogram.Butwhatabouttherestofus?AsI’vepointedoutrepeatedlyinrecentcolumns,we’refacedwithrecord-highloadfactors,thehighestfortheU.S.airlineindustrysinceWorldWarII.Butevenwiththeaveragepercentageofoccupiedseatsfordomesticflightsat82.7%,it’sstillanaverage—someflightswillbefullerbutotherswillnot,particularlyweeksinadvance.Yetsearchingforseatskeepsgettingharderandharder.Seatsforsale[I]Hobicacitesthemajorairlinesastheprimeculprits(起因),buthealsonotesevenlow-costcarrierscanmak

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