2023年湖北普通专升本英语模拟试题二

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ｈeｎsiｏnＰａssagｅOneQuｅstions51to55aｒebaｓeｄontheｆoｌlowingpassａge．Theｑuestｉonofwhetｈerourgovｅrｎmentshouldpｒomotesciｅnｃeandtechnoｌogyoｒthｅlｉberaｌａrtsiｎhｉghereducatioｎisｎ'taneiｔherｏrprｏposiｔion（命题),aｌthoｕghthecｕrrentemphasｉsｏｎpreｐarinｇyouｎgAｍerｉｃａnsｆorSTEM(ｓcieｎce,ｔechｎoloｇｙ,engiｎeeｒｉng,maｔhs)-ｒelａteｄｆielｄscaｎmakeitｓeemｔhatway．Ｔhelatｅstcongｒeｓsｉｏnalrepoｒtacknoｗlｅdgesthecriticalｉmportanｃeｏftechnｉcalｔrainｉng,butalsｏasserｔstｈattｈeｓｔudyｏｆthehumａｎities(人文学科)andsociａlsciencesmustrｅmaincentralcompｏnentsoｆAmerｉｃa＇sedｕｃaｔiｏｎａlsystｅmatalllevels.Boｔｈareasａｒccriｔicaltoｐｒoduｃiｎｇcitizenswhocａnｐａｒticipaｔeeｆfｅcｔiveｌyiｎｏurdｅｍｏcｒaticsoｃieｔy.bｅcomeｉnnｏvative(创新的)ｌeadｅｒs,anｄbenefitｆromtｈespiriｔualenｒichｍeｎtthaｔtｈｅｒeｆleｃtionｏnthｅgrｅaｔideaｓofｍａnｋｉndoｖertimeprovidｅｓ．Ｐａreｎtsandstudeｎtsｗhohaveｉnveｓtedhｅａvilyiｎhighｅｒeｄｕcationｗorryaｂｏutgraduaｔes'jobprospectsastechnｏlogicaｌａdvaｎcesａndchangｅｓindomｅｓticandglobaｌｍaｒｋetｓtransformprofeｓsｉonsinwayｓtｈatreｄucewageｓandcutjoｂｓ.Undｅｒthesecircuｍsｔａnces,ｉｔ'sｎaturaltｏｌｏoｋforwhaｔmayappeaｒtobｅthemost“practical”waｙｏｕtｏfthｅpｒｏbｌem:"Majorｉｎasubjectdｅｓignedtogetyouａjoｂ”seemｓｔheobｖｉousanswｅｒtｏsｏme,ｔｈougｈthisiｇnoresthefactthaｔmａｎydiｓcｉｐlinesinｔhehｕmanitieschａracｔerizedas“soft”ofｔeｎ,inｆact,leadtoeｍploymｅntanｄsuｃcｅssiｎtheｌｏngrｕn．Ｉndｅeｄ,accordinｇtoｓuｒveys，emｐlｏｙerｓhａｖeexpresｓedaprefｅrenceｆorstudenｔｓwｈohaｖeｒeceｉvedaｂｒｏaｄｌｙ-basededｕcationtｈathaｓtaughtｔｈｅmｔowｒitewelｌ,tｈｉｎkｃritically,ｒｅseaｒcｈcｒeａtivelｙ,ａｎdcommunｉｃａteeａsily.Mｏreoｖeｒ,studeｎtsshouldbｅpｒeｐａreｄｎoｔjustｆoｒｔhｅｉrfirstjob.ｂuｔforｔheir4thａｎd5thjｏbs,asthｅｒe’slittｌereasｏntodｏubtthatｐeoｐlｅenteringｔhewｏrkｆorcetodayｗillbｅcalleｄｕpｏntoplayｍaｎydiｆｆerentｒolesoverｔhｅcoursｅｏftheiｒcareｅrs.Theｏnesｗｈowilldothebesｔintｈisｎewenvirｏnｍeｎｔwilｌbethosｅwhｏsｅeｄuｃａtｉonｓｈavｅpreparedthemtobeflexｉble.Thｅabiｌitytoｄrawｕponeveryａvａｉlａbletoｏlａndiｎsight—-ｐiｃｋedupｆroｍｓcｉence,ａrts,anｄtechnolｏgytosolvｅtheｐroblemsofthefuｔuｒｅ,aｎdtａkeａdvanｔageoｆtheoppｏrｔunitiｅsthatpreseｎtthemselves，ｗiｌlbehelｐfｕltothｅmandｔheＵnitedStates.５1.Ｗhatdｏestｈeｌａｔｅｓｔcongressionalrepｏｒtsuｇgest?A）STEＭ-rｅlatedsuｂjectsｈeｌｐstudenｔsｆｉndjobｓintheinfoｒmationｓocietｙ.Ｂ）ThehumanitｉｅsaｎdSTEMsubjectsshouldbeｇivｅnｅqualiｍportａnce.C)Thｅlｉberalartsinｈｉｇｈeredｕcatｉｏnｈelｐeｎｒicｈstudents'ｓpirituａllife.D）Ｈiｇheｒedｕcatｉonshｏuｌdbｅadｊustedtｏtheprａｃticａｌneeｄsofsoｃｉety.5２.Wｈatisｔｈeｍaｉncoｎcerｎofstuｄentsｗhｅntheyｃｈooｓeamａjｏr?A）Theiｒinｔeｒｅｓｔinrｅleｖantsｕｂｊects．C)Ｔhequａｌityofedｕcatｉonｔorecｅivｅ．B)Ｔhｅacademicｖalueoftｈeｃourses.D)Theiｒchanｃesofｇｅttingagooｄｊｏｂ．53.Whatdoｅstｈeauthorｓayａｂouｔtheｓo-ｃalｌｅdsｏftｓubjects?A)Tｈeｙbenefiｔstｕdenｔｓintheirfutｕｒeｌife.Ｂ）Theybroadenstuｄents＇ｒangeofintereｓts.C)Tｈｅyimprovestuｄentｓ’communｉcationｓkills．D）Ｔheyａｒeｅsseｎtiaｌtostudents’hｅaltｈygｒowth.54.Whａtkindofjｏｂａpplｉｃantsdoemployｅrsloｏkfor？Ａ)Thoｓｅｗhoｈaｖeaｓtrongｓenseoｆresｐonsiｂility．B)Thosewhｏarｅｇoodatｓolvingpｒactｉｃalpｒoblems.C)Ｔhoseｗｈoarｅｌiｋｅlytｏbecoｍeiｎnovativeleadeｒs．Ｄ）Thosewhohａverecｅiveｄawell-ｒouｎｄedeｄucation.55.Whatａdｖiｃedoestｈeaｕthorｇivetｏcollｅgestudeｎts?A)Seiｚeoｐportunitieｓtoｔaｐｔｈeirpoｔential.C)Prepaｒethemselvesfordiffeｒeｎtｊｏｂｏptionｓ．B)Trytｏtakeavaｒiｅtyofpracticalcｏurses.D)Aｄｏｐtafleｘibleapproachtosolviｎgprobleｍs．PaｓsageＴwｏＱuesｔions５６to6０ａrebａｓｅdonthｅfollowingｐassage.Ｌｉbrarieｓaｒｅｍyworｌd．I＇vebeｅnａｐaｔroｎ(老主顾）allmylife,anｄforthepａｓtniｎｅｙearsＩ'ｖewｏｒkedatmｕltiｐｌeｌibraｒiesandaｒcｈｉveｓiｎａndａrｏundDetroit.Thelｉbraｒｙａsaninsｔitutｉｏnhaｓｍanｙrｏles，ｂutasouｒcoｕntrystｒuｇglesｔｈroughaneｃonomiｃcrisis，IhavewatｃhedtｈelｉbｒarywhereIｗorkeｖolveintoａｃarｅerandbusiｎeｓscｅｎtｅｒ,acommunｉtygatherｉnｇpｌacｅandａｂaｓtｉon(堡垒)ｏｆｈoｐｅ．Ｉｎtｈｅsprｉngof２０23Iｇotaｌibraｒyｉnterｎｓｈip(实习生的位置)ａｔtheSｏｕtｈfieldPuｂlicLibrａrｙ(SPL),justｎortｈoｆDetrｏit.ＳumｍersatSPＬwereusuaｌlyｓloｗ，ｂｕtthaｔyear,weexperiencｅdaliｂraｒythatwasasｂｕｓyasｓｃiｅnce-fａｉrprｏjecｔwｅｅｋ，mｉdｔeｒmsoｒｔaxsｅason．Yetｐatronsweｒen'tlookiｎｇforMoｓby’sNuｒsingＤｒｕgＲｅfeｒenceｏrtaxreturnｆｏrms．Theｙweｒecｏmingforinfｏｒmatioｎongrｏwingtheiｒｓｍaｌlbusiness.Iinterpreｔedpeople'siｎterｅsｔinouｒbusｉｎｅsscoｌlｅｃtｉｏnａsｔheｆiｒststeｐtｏｐuｒsｕingtheirdrｅamｓ,buttheｓeｐatronswerｅnotｍoｔivatｅｄbydrｅamｓ.Tｈeｙwererespoｎdｉnｇtoreality,andｔheｙwerelookｉngfoｒＰlanB.Tｈiｎgsworｓenedin202３,andin2０23tｈｅeconｏmiccrisiscoｎtiｎuｅstｏｐｌaguｅMｉcｈigan.Lastyeaｒ,ｗeputupadispｌaywithavａｒieｔyｏfjobresoｕrｃestｈａｔwerestoｃkedeveryhoｕｒ．Eachnｉghｔtｈｅlibrarycｌoseｄ,thedisplaｙwasbａre．Ｗhileweｎormalｌyｋeepdispｌaｙｓｕpforaｗeek,wekepｔthejobreｓourｃｅsｄisplaｙupfoｒmontｈs．Thentｈeｒｅ'ｓｔhetightenｉngｃreditmarkｅt.Peoｐlｅseethewrｉtingｏnｔheｗallandtｈeｙwaｎttogetedｕcateｄ.Theｙｃan'taffｏrdafinanｃialadｖiｓer,buｔcｈeｃkingbooksoｕtｉsfree．SomeoｆｔhemostpopuｌartitlesnｏwareRiｃｈDaｄ,PoｏｒDad．ThinkandGroｗRich,andSuzeOrman's2023AcｔiｏｎPlaｎ.Ｔheｅconoｍicdｏwntuｒnaｆｆeｃtsusall.Ｉｈaｖehadtoworkloｎgｈouｒｓanｄdｏn'tgettoseｅmuchofｍyｂoｙｆrｉendorｅxperｉenceaｎｙkindofｓｏｃiaｌｌifeｌately,bｕｔIamｔhankfulｔobeinapｏｓｉｔioｎwｈereIcanhelppeopleｏvｅrcometｈiｓｓtruｇgle．IｎMicｈigan，wehａven'tｌosthoｐe.Aslongasｔheｒeａrelibｒarｉeshｅre,thｅrewｉllalｗaysｂehope．56.Whaｔchaｎｇesｈastheｃuｒrｅnteconomiccrisisbroughttotheliｂｒａｒｙ？A)Ithasｏpeｎｅdｉｔsage－olｄａrchivestotｈegeｎeｒalpuｂｌic．B)Itｈａｓbecｏｍeajoｂandbusinesｓinｆｏrmａtｉonｃentｅr.C)Ithaｓｅvolvedｉntoａplaｃeｆoｒｂusｉnesstrａnsaｃtionｓ.D)Ithaｓhadtoｃｕtiｔｓｂudgettogｅtthroughｔhecrｉsis．57.ＷhatdoｅｓthｅaｕthorsａyaboｕtthｅＳｏuthfielｄPｕｂlicＬibｒaryinthesumｍeroｆ2023?A)Itwasovｅrflｏwｉngｗithvisitors.B)Iｔlaunchｅdａｓcｉenceprojectｓeｒｉes．C)Itaddedmaｎybooksoｎbuｓｉnessｔoｉｔscollection.D)Iｔwasfullofｐeｏｐｌeseeｋｉngｉｎfｏrmaｔｉonoｎdrugｓ.58.Whａtcanbeiｎｆerredfroｍpeｏpｌe'ｓｓtrｏnginterestintheｌibrarｙ'ｓbuｓineｓｓｃoｌｌecｔiｏn?A)Ｔｈeｙｔhinkｉtiｓnoｗtimｅtｏreaｌizｅtｈeirdｒeams.B)Ｔhｅｙfｉndｅｃoｎoｍicshelpfｕlｉnｔｉdiｎgｏvｅrｔｈecrｉｓis．C）Tｈeyconsideritatrendtostａrｔtｈeirownbuｓiｎess.D）Ｔｈeyarｅcoｎcernedaboutｔheworsｅningｅｃonｏｍｙ.５9.Wｈyｗerｅtherenoｍorejobresourceｓoｎdiｓpｌaybytheｅndｏfｔhｅdaｙ？A)Thelibｒaｒyｓtafｆcouｌdnｏtｄoｔhereｓtoｃkｉｎgquicｋlyenough．B)Ｐｅｏplｅｃoｍpeteｄwitｈeａcｈotherfoｒtheｊoｂslistedｉntｈｅads.C)Peoｐｌeｗeｒemuｃhｉnteｒesｔｅdinthｅjobresourcesondｉsｐlay.D)Ａlltheｍaterialsondisplaｙwerefreeｏfｃhａrgeｔoｔhｅjｏblesｓ.60.Howdｉdｔheauthorfｅeｌaboutworkinginthelibrａry?A)Shefeltｃonteｎtｅdtobeinapositiｏntoreｎｄerhｅlp.B）Shefeｌtｐlｅaｓedtobeabｌeｔｏgivehｏpetotheｊobless.C)Shｅｆeltｒewardeｄtｏｈavｅgａinedａlｏtofeｘperiｅncｅ.D)Shefelｔｓorrｙtｏmｉsstｈesoｃiaｌlifesｈeuｓedtoeｎjoy．PaｓsaｇeThreeＱuｅstｉons61to6５areｂaｓｅdonｔheｆｏlｌowingpassａgｅ．Arecenｔｇloｂalsurｖｅyoｆ2000higｈ－neｔ－ｗｏrｔhindｉviduａlsｆoundthaｔ6０%ｗerenotｐlａｎningｏnatraｄiｔｉonａlretireｍeｎt.ＡｍongUSpartiｃipａｎts,7５%eｘpeｃｔｅdtｏcontinueworkingｉｎｓomecapacityｅvenａftｅrsteppｉnｇａｗayfrｏmｆull－ｔiｍejobs."Manyofｔheｓepeopleｍａdeｔheｉｒｗealtｈbｙdoingsｏmethingthey'repassioｎatｅ(有激情的）aboｕt，"ｓaｙｓDanielEgan,hｅaｄofbehavioralfinancefｏrBａrclaysＷeaｌthAmｅricas."Givｅnthechoicｅ,tｈeyｐrefeｒtｏconｔinueｗorking．＂Bａrcｌayscaｌlsｔhｅsｅｐeｏple“ｎeｖertireeｓ”.UnlikemaｎyAmeｒiｃａｎscompelｌｅdiｎtoeａrｌyrｅｔirementｂycompanｙrestrictionｓ，theaveraｇeｎeverｔirｅeｏｆｔenhasnooneforcingｈisｈａｎd．If10６－yeａr-oｌdinvｅstoｒIrviｎｇＫaｈn,hｅadofｈｉsｏｗnfaｍｉlyfiｒm,wantstoｋｅepcomingｔｏｗorkｅveryｄaｙ,ｗhｏ'sgoingｔｏstophｉｍ?Sevｅnｔy-ｅｉght-year-oldSuprｅｍeＣourtJustiｃｅRｕｔhＢaderＧinｓｂｕrg’sjｏbｓecurｉtyisｇｕaranｔeedintheＣonstitutioｎ.Itmaｙseeｍthaｔｔhｅｓeelderｌypeopｌeａreｔrｙingｔocｈｅaｔdｅatｈ.Ｉnfact,theｙaｒe．Anｄiｔ’ｓwｏrｋｉnｇ.HowａrdFriedman,ａprofessoｒａtUCRiverside,foundinhisresearchtｈatthosewhowｏrｋｈarｄestanｄaｒesuccessfulintheircａreeｒsoｆtenlivｅｔhｅloｎgesｔlｉves."Peoplearegenerａｌlyｂeinggiｖｅnbadaｄvｉceｔoslowdown,ｔａkeｉｔeaｓy,stｏpworrying,aｎdrｅtireｔoFｌｏrida，＂hesays.Hedeｓcｒibedｏｎestudyparticipａnt,stillｗorkingattｈeageoｆ10０,wｈoｗasｒecenｔlydisappｏinｔedｔoseehｉssoｎrｅtire."Wｅ'ｒeｂeginｎingtoseeaｃhangeinｈｏｗpeopｌeviｅwretｉremｅnｔ,"saｙsGeoｒgeLeeson,co-directorｏftｈeInstitｕteoｆPopuｌatiｏnAｇｅingａtOxford．Whereｏnｃereｔｉremeｎtwａsseｅnaｓabrｉefｒewaｒdaｆｔeraｌongstrｕgglethroughsomemｉｓerablejob,itiｓｎowａkin(近似）tobｅinｇcasｔasidｅ．WhatＬｅesontermｓ＂ｔheWarrenBｕfｆeｔteffeｃｔ"iｓbecｏｍinｇmorｅbroadlyappeａlｉngａsiｎdivｉduａlscoｍeto"vｉewｒetｉrｅmentasnotsimｐｌybeingｌinkeｄｔoeｃonomicproｄuｃtivｉtｙbｕｔalsｏaboutｃontｒiｂuｔiｏn．"Ｏｂsｅrveｒsaｒesplitｏnwhetｈertｈisisaｗhoｌlygooｄｔｈing.Ontheonehand，comｐaｎiesandfｉnancｉａlfirmｓcanbｅnｅｆｉtfromtｈｅwisdomofarｅsiｌient（坚韧的)chieｆ.Oｎthｅother,ｔhｅnewgeｎｅratｉoｎｃaｎｆindｉtmｏrｅdiｆficuｌtｔｏａdvance—aｎaｒgｕmentｔhaｔｔypicaｌlyhoｌdslitｔlesｗayｔoanｅvｅｒｔirｅｅ．61.Wｈａｔdowelearnabｏutthesｏ-ｃaｌled“ｎｅｖertirｅes”?A）Thｅyarｅpａｓsionateaboｕtｍakｉnｇafoｒtunｅ．B）Ｔheｙhavenochoiｃebuttocｏntinｕeworking．C）Theylovewｈaｔthｅydｏandchoosenotｔoretire．D）Thｅywillnotretireｕnlessｔhｅyarecompelledto.６2.WｈatdoIrviｎgＫaｈｎａnｄRｕthBaderGinsｂurgｈａｖeincｏmmoｎ?Ａ)Neithｅrofthemｉｓsｕbjectｔofoｒｃeｄretirｅｍent.B)Neitherofｔheｍdｅｓｉreｓrewardforｔheirwｏrｋ.C）Boｔhcliｎgtotheirpｏsｉtionsdespiteopposｉtｉon.D)Botharｅcapaｂleofｃｏpinｇwiｔhheavyｗoｒkloaｄs．63.WhatisthefinｄingｏfHowaｒdＦriｅdman’sresearch?A)Tｈehaｒderyｏuwork,thebigｇeryourfortuｎｅwillbe.B）Ｔheeaｒｌierｙoｕretｉrｅ,tｈehｅaｌtｈｉerｙouwillｂe.Ｃ)Elderｌｙpeopleｈａｖetoslｏwｄｏwntoｌiｖelonger.D)Ｗｏrkinｇatａnadvancedagｅｌengthenspeople’ｓliｆe.64.Whatisthetｒａdiｔionａlｖiewofreｔirementaｃcordｉｎgｔotheｐassage？Ａ)Ｉtmeａnsａburdｅntotheyｏｕngerｇeneｒａtiｏn.Ｂ)Itisａsyｍboｌofamａtureandｃiｖｉｌｉzedｓocｉetｙ.C)Iｔisａｃｏmpeｎsａtionforone＇sｌife-ｌongｈarｄwｏrk.D）Ithelpsｉncreasｅanaｔion’secｏnomｉcproductｉvｉty．65.Wｈaｔｄoｃritiｃsｓａyaｂout＂ｎevertireeｓ＂？Ａ）Theyareanｏbｓtacletoacompany’sdevｅlｏｐmｅnt．B)Theylackthecreａｔｉvityｏftheyoungergeneraｔion.C）Thｅycａnnotwoｒkaseｆｆiｃienｔlyａstheyｕｓeｄtｏ.D)Ｔhｅｙｐreventyｏunｇpeｏplefromgｅｔｔingaｈｅaｄ.ＳhortAｎｓｗerQｕestionsＤirections:Ｉnthｉｓｐartthereｉｓashortｐａｓｓagｅ－ｗｉthfivｅquｅstionsorｉncoｍｐleｔestaｔeｍｅｎts.Ｒeaｄthepassaｇｅｃaｒｅfｕｌlｙ．Thenanswerｔheｑuestiｏｎsｏrｃomｐlｅtｅthｅｓｔatementsinthｅｆewesｔpｏssiblｅwords(noteｘceｅｄiｎg1０worｄs).Ａsreｓearcherslｅarnmorｅaｂoｕthowchｉｌｄren’sｉｎtelligencｅdｅveｌoｐs,theyａreiｎcreａsingｌysurprisedbｙtｈepoweroｆparents.Thepoｗeｒofthｅschoolｈasbeeｎｒeplacｅdbyｔheｈome.Tｏbeginwith,ａlｌthefactorswｈiｃhareｐａrｔoｆintｅlliｇence—ｔheｃhild’suｎｄｅrstandiｎgoflangｕaｇe，learningpａtterns,ｃｕrｉoｓity—areestabｌisｈｅdwｅllbeｆｏrｅthechｉldｅｎterssｃｈｏolattｈeagｅofsix.Studyafterｓtuｄyｈasshownthatevｅｎａfteｒsｃhoolbｅgiｎs,children’sａchｉｅvemｅｎtｓｈａｖeｂｅeｎfarmｏreiｎflｕencedbyparentｓthａnbyteacｈers.Thｉsｉsparticulａrｌyｔruｅａｂｏuｔlｅaｒnｉngthａtisｌanｇuagｅ-ｒelａtｅd．Thescｈoolｒatheｒｔhａｎthehomｅｉｓgiｖenｃｒeｄｉtforvariationsinaｃhievemｅnｔinｓｕbjｅctssuchaｓsciｅｎce.Ｉｎviewｏftheirpｏwer,iｔ’ssaｄtoseeｓomanypａｒeｎtｓnoｔmakｉnｇthｅmostoｆtheirchiｌd’ｓintellｉgenｃe.Untiｌrecentlyｐaｒｅntshaｄbeeｎwａｒnedbyedｕcａtoｒsｗｈoａskedthemnｏttｏeducatethｅiｒchildren.Manｙｔeachersnowreａlｉzethatchildrenｃａｎnｏtbeeｄucatｅdonｌyatscｈｏolandpａｒeｎtsareｂｅｉｎgaskedtocontributebothbｅforｅandafｔeｒthechildｅntersｓchｏoｌ.Parｅｎtｓhaｖｅｂeenpaｒticularlyafｒaidｔotｅachｒeａdiｎgaｔhome.Ｏfcourse,ｃｈildｒenshｏuｌdn’ｔbｅpushedtoｒeadbｙtheirpaｒenｔｓ,buteducaｔｏrshavｅｄiｓcovｅrｅdthatrｅadingisbesttauｇhtinｄividually—andｔheｅａsiestｐｌacｅｔodothisisatｈｏme.Ｍanｙfour-a