六年级下册英语讲义语法专项之冠词和时间的表达

小升初辅导讲义课题1.冠词&时间的表达教学目标掌握冠词常用考点学会正确使用英语进行时间的表达教学内容一、冠词学习目标1.了解冠词的意义：冠词放在名词前面，用来说明名词所指的人或事物。2.掌握不定冠词a，an的用法：a和an用在单数可数名词前面。a用在辅音之前，如：aball。an用在元音之前，如：anorange，anoldman。3.知道必须用定冠词the的一些情况：(1)特指某（些）人或某（些）事物，如：Theshoesunderthechairaremin(．(特指椅子下的鞋子)(2)复述上文提过的人或事物，如：Samhasarobot.Therobotissuper.therobc)t就是前一句提到的arobot。(4)表示世界上独一无二的事物，如：thesun，themoon。(5)在乐器名称前，如：playtheviolin。(6)在序数词、形容词最高级和表示方位的名词前，如：Iliveonthesecondfloor.Lindaisthetallestgirlinmyclas.ItoftensnowsintheNorth.(7)在江河、海洋、山脉、群岛的名称前，如：theYellowRiver。(8)在姓名复数形式前，指一家人，如：TheSmithshadapicnicyesterday.难点突破有的名词虽然首字母是元音，但并非是元音发音，因此也用a，如：ausefulbook一本有用的书；有时首字母是辅音，却要用an，如：anhour，因为字母h在本单词中不发音。所以用a还是an是根据单词的第一个发音是否是元音而定，而非字母本身。自我测评1.看中文，说说下列词组(1)一个苹果派(2)一把旧吉他(3)半小时(4)一本有用的书(5)弹钢琴(6)踢足球(7)在五楼(8)吃午餐Keys:(1)anapplepie (2)anoldguitar(3)halfanhour(4)ausefulbook(5)playthepiano (6)playfootball(7)onthefifthfloor (8)havelunch听录音，完成下列句子Has gotalongtail?Whatdoyouliketodo ?(3) ,Alice?Yes,please.Taste ,please.It'sverysweet.Didyougotothelibrary thismorning?Areyou teacher?No,I'mnot.Keys:(1)anelephant (2)insummer (3)Anice-cream(4)theapple (5)bybike (6)anEnglish3. 按需要填入a,an,或the,不需要的用“/”表示Itisveryhotin summerinShanghai,isn'tit?Ittookme hourtofinishmyhomeworkyesterday.Sheis Americangirl.She'sfromAmerica.—Whatcolourisyournew skirt?—It'swhite.(5) —Canyouplay piano?—No,Ican't.Butmysistercan.Susanisn't doctor.She's engineer.Isthereanymilkin yourfridge?Sandyliveson twentiethfloor.Thisis strawberryjam. jamissweet.(10) Doyoulikeplaying basketball?Keys:(1)/(2)an(3)an,/(4)/,/(5)the(6)a,an(7)/(8)the(9)/,The(10)/ 选择填空( )(1)Peteristallerthanme.Heistallestinourclass.A.a B.an C.the( )(2)Don'tplay drum.Yourgrandmaisasleep.A.aB.the C./( )(3) YangtzeRiverislongerthanYellowRiver.A.A...aB.The.../C.The..the

( )(4)Johnwantstobuy newbike.Hisbikeisold.A.a.../ B./...an C.a...a( )(5)Thereisabigshelfinthebedroom.Onshelfthereare manybooks.A.the...theB.a...the C.the.../( )(6) Lisgototheparkonce month.A./...aB.The...a C.The.../( )(7)Is Shanghai capitalofChina?A.the...the B./...the C.the.../( )(8)It'sfinetoday. sunisshining.A.The B.A C./Keys:(1)C(2)B(3)C(4)A(5)C(6)B(7)B(8)A趣味阅读Robinisalittlerabbit.Todayhefindsaneggbythelake."Whoseeggisit?"Robinthinks.HegivestheeggtoMotherGoose.MotherGooselooksattheegg."It'snotmyegg.Myeggisbiggerthanthisone."RobingivestheeggtoMotherBird."Isthisyouregg?"Heasks."No,myeggsareallinthenest."Robingivestheeggtoahen.Sheissittingontheeggs."Thisisnotmyegg.Butletmehelpyoutofindtheegg'smum." Severaldayslater,allthechicksopentheeggs.Robinandthehenwaitandwait.Theeggopens.Ababytortoisecomesout.Robintakeshimtohismother.MotherTortoiseisveryhappy."Thankyou,Robin."Shesmiles.用a,an,或the填空rabbitfindseggbythelake.It'snotagoose'segg.It'snotabird'segg.Ahenhatches babytortoisecomesout. rabbitsendsthetortoisetohismother.Keys:A,an,the,A,TheⅠ.Fillintheblankswith"a,an".(用a,an或the，不需要的地方用/表示) oldcoat umbrella strongtiger hour deerKeys:1.an2.an3.a4./5.a6.an7.an8.an9./10.aⅡ. Fillintheblankswith"a,an,the".(用a,an或the，不需要的用/表示)Ihave dressispink.Thereis uniformonthechair.Sueis Americangirl.She'sfrom Thereis pencilin myhand.IsJudyplaying violin? Wangsarevisiting GreatWall.Thisis milk.That's milkbottle.Weliveon ninthfloor. SaturdayIoftengotothesupermarketwithmyparents. Thisis strawberryjam. jamissweet. onlychildhasnobrothersorsisters. Wecansee roundmooninthesky.Keys:1.a,The2.a3.an,/4.a,/5.the6.The,the7./,a8.the9./10./,The11.An12.theⅢ.Choosethebestanswer.( )1.Thereis "n"intheword.A.a B.an C.the( )2. Greensarehaving supperathome.A./...the B./.../ C.The.../( )3.Hereis oldbook.And bookismine.A.an...the B.an...an C.the...an( )4.Mrs.Blackgoesto Japanevery A.the...an B.the...a C./.../( )5.Jimlikestoplay footballandplay A./...the B./.../ C.the...the( )6.Icandraw sunisred.A.the...The B.a...The C./...The( )7.Myteacheroftencomesto schoolby A.the...the B./...the C./.../()8.Dannyissittingin frontoftheclassroom.A.the B./ C.a( )9.Mysisteris 8-year-oldgirl.A.a B.an C.the( )10.Johnis tall.Heis tallestboyinourclass.A./...the B.a...the C.a...aKeys:1.B2.C3.A4.C5.A6.A7.C8.A9.B10.A听力原文2.(1)Hasanelephantgotalongtail?(2)Whatdoyouliketodoinsummer?(3)Anice-cream,Alice?Yes,please.(4)Tastetheapple,please.It'sverysweet.(5)Didyougotothelibrarybybikethismorning?(6)AreyouanEnglishteacher?No,I'mnot.二、时间的表达1.年份用基数表示，介词用in。读写时一般分为两段如：in1998读作：innineteenninety-eightin2022读作：1ntwentyhundredandone或intwothousandandone2.月份的首字母必须大写，介词用in，大部分月份有其缩写形式一月January～Jan.七月July～Jul.二月February～Feb.八月August～Aug.三月March～Mar.九月September～Sept.四月April～Apr.十月October～Oct.五月May十一月November～Nov.六月June～Jun.十二月December～Dec.如：inJanuary在一月inMay，1997在1997年的5月3.日期的表达，介词用on(1)先说月份再讲日期的表述方法是“月份+(the)十日期（用序数词形式）”；在缩写形式中，不用定冠词，月份和数字也都用缩写形式；如：onApril(the)first缩写形式：Apr.1st（在）四月一日onAugust(the)twelfth缩写形式：Aug.12th（在）八月十二日(2)先说日期再讲月份的表述方法是“the十日期（序数词形式）十(day)+of十月份”；如：onthesecond(day)ofSeptember（在）九月二日onthethirtiethofNovember（在）十一月三十日4.时刻的表达(1)整点时刻用基数表示，介词用at，其后常加。o’clock:如：atfive/atfiveo’clock在五点钟(2)口语中，分钟数不超过半小时，用“分+past+小时”的结构来表示，介词用at:如：athalfpastseven（在）七点半atfivepasttwo（在）两点过五分ataquarterpastsix（在）六点一刻(3)口语中，分钟数超过半小时，用“分十to十小时”来表达，此处“分”指到下一钟点所余的分钟数，介词仍用at:如：attentoten（在）差十分到十点，即九点五十分ataquartertoone（在）差一刻到一点，即十二点四十五分(4)在读时刻表时，常常依照顺序从左到右，先读小时，再读分钟：如：3:10读作：threeten，三点十分、11:45读作：elevenforty-five，十一点四十五分4:30读作：fourthirty，四点半难点突破1.一些常用的短语罗列如下inthemorning/afternoon/evening在上午／下午／晚上inspring/summer/autumn/winter在春天／夏天／秋天／冬天atnoon/night/midnight在下午／夜晚／午夜atthis/thattlme在这/那时候2.具体到某一天，介词需要用on如：onMonday在星期一onmybirthday在我生日那天onthefirsttwodaysoflastmonth在上个月的最初的那两天onacoldwintermorning在一个寒冷的冬天的早晨ontheafternoonofJulythird在七月三日那天下午自我测评口头练习1.读读下列关于时间的短语，并想想中文意思(1)onJan.3rd,1999(2)athalfpastseven(3)theeighthofSeptember(4)onSaturdayafternoon(5)aquartertoeleven(6)atnineo'clock(7)onthemorningofJuly12th(8)inMay,20222.将下列短语口头译成英语(1)在2022年8月21日(2)在昨天下午四点整(3)在3点一刻(4)在1998年的2月(5)在星期三上午(6)在2022年(7)在差10分五点(8)在2点过5分Keys:1.略。2.(1)onAug.21st,2022 (2)atfouro'clockyesterdayafternoon(3)ataquarterpastthree (4)inFeb.,1998(5)onWednesdaymorning (6)in2022(7)attentofive (8)atfivepasttwo听力训练1.用数字形式记下听到的时刻(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)2.听写句子，并把它们译成中文，注意时间的表达方式(1)(2)(3)Keys:1.(1)10:10(2)1:20(3)5:00(4)8:05(5)3:30(6)9:15(7)8:45(8)9:502.听写句子，并把它们译成中文，注意时间的表达方式：(1)Peterfellintotheriveronafoggymorning.在那个有雾的早上，彼得跌进河里了。(2)Pleasereturntothedentistathalfpastfourtomorrowafternoon.请明天下午四点半回牙医那里去（复查）。(3)ShewasbornonNov.11th,1980.她生于1980年十一月十一日。书面训练1.根据先后顺序排列下列时间，用另一种方法表述，写在下面横线上例：fivetofive-fourfifty-fiveaquarterpastthreeaquartertothreethreeo'clocktentotwohalfpastthree2.将下列中文短语译成英语(1)2022年7月21日(2)五点五十五分(3)七点半(4)在2月3日的早晨一(5)四点一刻——(6)在1998年1月—一(7)六点十分——(8)九点三刻3.连词成句(1)goes，o'clock,Jim,7:00,school,at,to(2)born,of,the,September,was,on,Peter,first(3)always,office,eight,at,arrives,the,at,the,half,boss,past(4)to,quarter,in,home,we,morning,usually,at,the,leave,a,seven4.根据提示补全句子Mybirthdayis(在8月2号).Pleasecomehereagain (明天下午4点半).Tonywaslatetoday,becausehegotup (8:45).Jennetusuallygoesswimmingwithherfriends (在夏天).Katelostherpurse (在一个秋天的下午).Carolisgoingtoflyakite (下个星期五).Mr.Brownstartedtoworkinthatcompany (在1999年).Ishallgotoanewschool (明年9月).5.选择最佳答案填空()(1)It’sbadfatyoutoeattoomuch___ night.A.inB.until C.at( )(2)Weliketoplayfootball themorning.A.onB.in C.at( )(3)Thestoryhappened asunnyafternoon.A.inB.on C.was( )(4)Thesportsmeetingwillbeheld____ October.A.inB.is C.on()(5)Paulmovedtothatcity____ 2022.A.tillB.in C.on()(6)Canyoureachthebank ._____10:00a.m.?A.toB.on C.at()(7)IfIhavetime theweekend,I'llshowyouaround.A.atB.last C.next( )(8)MustIfinishthework wegohome?A.at B.before C.on趣味阅读儿歌欣赏:Never,Ever,PickYourNose!PickaflowerPickarosePickatreatOrpickyourtoes(Justforfun)PicksomebuttonsPicksomebowsPicksomejeansOrfancyclothesPicksomefriendsOrpicksomefoesButnever,ever,PICKYOURNOSE!Keys: