山西省大同市浑源县第七中学校高二英语寒假作业二

/21/21/高中假期英语作业姓名：班级：考号：第一部分阅读理解第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。A◆ScienceMuseum,LondonRuns:Until5MayPrice:￡7ExhibitionabouttheLargeHadronColliderwhichusestheatreandvideo,aswellashandmadeworkstorecreatetheexperienceoftherealplaceandshowtheworkbehindthediscoveryoftheHiggs、boson.Wellworthitforanyonestudyingphysicsorsimplyinterested.◆WestonParkMuseum,SheffieldRuns:Until5MayPrice:FreeforstudentsUnderneaththe1960s-builtCastleMarketinSheffield,therearetheremainsofahistoricalcastle.Nowthatthemarketisbeingmoved,therehasbeenasuddengrowthininterestintheoldcastle.◆SeacityMuseum,SouthamptonRuns:ContinuedPrice:Entrancetothemuseumis￡4.50forstudentsExplorestheTitanicdisasteranditseffectonSouthampton,wheremorethanfive-hundredfamilieslostafamilymembertothedisaster.Theexhibitionrecreatesthesightsandsoundsof1912SouthamptonandendsilltheDisasterRoom,whereaseriesofeventsfromthemomentoftheTitanichittheicebergareexploredusingpowerfuloraldescriptionfromsurvivors.◆TheGuildhallLeicesterRuns:Until1JunePrice:FreeThisexhibitiontellsthehistoryofKingRichardIIIandofthesearchforhislostremains,eventuallyfoundunderneathacarparktwoyearsago.Theexhibitioncangivevisitorsaroundedviewofthelifeofthekingandhowhewasdiscovered.Greatforhistorystudents.1.TheScienceMuseummayattractthosewho________A.areinterestedinmoviemakingB.aregoodatdesigningstudyplanC.areeagertogetworkingexperienceD.aregoingtostudyphysicsincollege2.WhatcanweknowabouttheSeacityMuseum?A.Itwassetupin1912.B.Itisaboutdifferentdisasters.C.IttellsthewholehistoryofSouthampton.D.Itcontainstruestoriesofpersonalexperiences.3.Whatdothefourmuseumshaveincommon?A.Theyallchargenothingforvisitors.B.They’reallaboutthethemeofhistory.C.They’reallsuitableforstudentstovisit.D.Theyallhavebeenbuiltforalongtime.BWhenIwasinmyfourthyearofteaching,Iwasalso(andamstill)ahighschooltrackandfieldcoach.Oneyear,Ihadastudent,John,whoenteredmyclasswhenhewasajunior.JohnchangedtoourschoolfromGreece,andseemedtobeinterestedinathletics,soIencouragedhimtojoinourtrackteam.Iexplainedtohimthateventhoughhehadnevertakenpartinitbefore,Ididbelievethathecoulddowellinanyevent,andIwouldbewillingtocoachhimatwhicheveronesinterestedhim.Heacceptedtheoffer,andbegantoworkhardateverypractice.Aboutamonthlater,IhadfoundoutfromothersourcesthatJohnwasafirst-classtennisplayer,winningvariousjuniorawardsinhishomecountry.Iwenttohimasking,"John,Ireallyappreciatethatyoucameoutforthetrackteam,butwhydidn'tyouplaytennisinstead?Itseemsthatwouldinterestyoualotmore,sinceyou'resogoodatit."Johnanswered,"Well,Iliketennis,butyoutoldmethatyoubelievedinme,andthatyouthoughtIcoulddowellintrack,soIwantedtotryitforthatreason."Fromthenon,Ioftenremembermystudent'sreply.ItoldittoafriendandshesuggestedIwriteitdowntosharesomewherewithmoreteachers.Nomatterhowcriticalstudentscanbeofthemselves,I'vefoundthatasimple"Itrustthatyoucandoit!"cangoalongway!4.AccordingtoParagraph1,whatdoestheauthorthinkmoreabout?A.John'sstateofhealth. B.John'sPEmarks.C.John'sself-confidence. D.John'sinterestinsports.5.WhydidJohntakepartinthetrackteam?A.Hehadnotenniscoachtotrainhim. B.Hehadbeenanexcellentrunner.C.Hewasencouragedbyhisteacher. D.Helikedrunningmorethantennis.6.What'sthewriter'spurposeofwritingthispassage?A.Toshowtheimportanceofencouragement.B.Tobuildacloseteacher-studentrelationship.C.Tointroduceanewwayofsportstraining.D.Toexplainthevalueofsportsandgames.7.Whoisthepassagemainlywrittenfor?A.Players. B.Teachers.C.Parents. D.Students.CIn2015,amannamedNigelRichardsmemorized386,000wordsintheentireFrenchScrabbleDictionaryinjustnineweeks.However,hedoesnotspeakFrench.Richards’impressivefeatisausefulexampletoshowhowartificialintelligenceworks—realAI.BothofRichardandAItakeinmassiveamountsofdatatoachievegoalswithunlimitedmemoryandsupermanaccuracyinacertainfield.ThepotentialapplicationsforAIareextremelyexciting.BecauseAIcanoutperformhumansatroutinetasks—providedthetaskisinonefieldwithalotofdata—itistechnicallycapableofreplacinghundredsofmillionsofwhiteandbluecollarjobsinthenext15yearsorso.ButnoteveryjobwillbereplacedbyAI.Infact,fourtypesofjobsarenotatriskatall.First,therearecreativejobs.AIneedstobegivenagoaltooptimize.Itcannotinvent,likescientists,novelistsandartistscan.Second,thecomplex,strategicjobs—executives,diplomats,economists—gowellbeyondtheAIlimitationofsingle-fieldandBigData.Thentherearetheas-yet-unknownjobsthatwillbecreatedbyAI.Areyouworriedthatthesethreetypesofjobswon’temployasmanypeopleasAIwillreplace?Nottoworry,asthefourthtypeismuchlarger:jobswhereemotionsareneeded,suchasteachers,nanniesanddoctors.Thesejobsrequirecompassion,trustandsympathy—whichAIdoesnothave.AndevenifAItriedtofakeit,nobodywouldwantarobottellingthemtheyhavecancer,orarobottobabysittheirchildren.SotherewillstillbejobsintheageofAI.Thekeythenmustberetrainingtheworkforcesopeoplecandothem.Thismustbetheresponsibilitynotjustofthegovernment,whichcanprovidefunds,butalsoofcorporationsandthosewhobenefitmost.8.Whatisthemainpurposeofparagraph1?A.Tointroducethetopic.B.TomentionNigel’sfeat.C.Tostresstheimportanceofgoodmemory.D.TosuggesthumansgobeyondAIinmemory.9.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“outperform”underlinedinparagraph2?A.Besuperiorto B.BeequaltoC.Besimilarto D.Berelatedto10.Whichofthefollowingjobsisthemostlikelytobereplaced?A.Thewriter. B.Theshopassistant.C.Thebabysitter. D.Thepsychologist.11.WhatdoesthetextsuggestpeopledoaboutjobreplacementofAI?A.LimittheapplicationofAItoacertaindegree.B.Getmoresupportfromthegovernment.C.Applyforthedonationfromcompanies.D.Upgradethemselvesallthetime.DOneofthemostcommonquestionsIamaskedishowpeopleshouldmoveonfromdisappointing,challengingorunexpectedsituations.Whiletherearemanyanswerstothisquestion,onethingthatalwaysstandsouttomeistheprocessofself-forgiveness.Peopleoftenfocusonlearningtoforgiveothersinlifeandsometimeswearealmostblindtothepossibilityofforgivingourselves.Itisabsolutelynaturaltofeelguilty,shamefulandpainfulifyou’vehurtalovedone,arguedwithaco-workeroryouarejustnothappywithyourself.Forgivenessisnotaboutjust“lettinggo”ofthosefeelings,butdealingwiththeminapositivemanner.Asthesayinggoes,“It’snottheloadthatbreaksyoudown;it’sthewayyoucarryit.”Thesimpleactofmovingforwardcanbenefityouinthelongrun:Studiesshowthataninabilitytoself-forgivecanplayaroleinanxietyanddisappointment.Sohowtoletgoofyourself-anger?Acceptresponsibilityforwhatyou’vedone.Inthisstage,youwanttomoveawayfromyourexcuses.Withoutacceptingresponsibility,anyformofself-forgivenesswillbenegative.Adoptanewwayofthinkingaboutthemistake.Ifyoucarryoldbricksfromyourpastexperiences，youcanonlybuildthesamehousethatfellapartinthefirstplace.Youaremorelikelytorepeatamistakeifyoudon’tlearnfromit,andlearningrequirescompassion(同情).Whenachildfallsover,itisliftedupwithloveandcompassiontotryagain.Wemustpracticethiswithourselves.Taketimetoappreciatethatyoucanovercomeyourguilt,self-blameandfeelingsofpain.Appreciatethatyoucanmakechangesinyourlifetoavoidsimilarexperiencesinthefuture.Appreciatethatyoucancreateanewwayofliving.12.WhatdoestheauthorwanttoshowbymentioningthesayinginParagraph2?A.It’simportanttoletgoofbadfeelings.B.It’simportanttostaypositiveinourlife.C.It’simportanttocarrytheloadcorrectly.D.It’simportanttoforgiveourselvesinapositiveway.13Whatdoestheauthorthinkweshoulddowhentryingtoforgiveourselves?A.Bewillingtoacceptresponsibility. B.Findsomeexcusesforourmistakes.C.Justletgoofnegativefeelings. D.Learntohavecompassion.14.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestwedointhelastparagraph?A.Weshouldovercomeourguilt. B.Weshouldreducefeelingsofpain.C.Weshouldappreciateourprogress. D.Weshouldcreateanewwayofliving.15.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.LettingGoofYourAnger B.LearningtoForgiveYourselfC.MovingonfromUnexpectedSituations D.KnowingtheImportanceofForgiveness第二节（共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分）Somefriendsinviteyouoverandserveyouadeliciousdinner.Someonelendsyouhiscarwhileyoursisbeingrepaired.Youaresick,andafriendbringsyouamealandcaresforyou.___16___Sometimessimplysayingthankyouisenough.Atothertimes,itisthoughtfultosaythankyouinamorespecificway.Besuretotellthatpersonwhatitisthatyouappreciateandwhyyouappreciateit.Herearecommonwaystosaythankyou.___17___Peopleareverybusythesedays.Ahandwrittennoteshowsyoutooktimetotellsomeonethatyouappreciatehimorher.Oryoucancallandthanktheperson.Youwouldbesurprisedhowthiscanmakesomeone’sday.Anotherideaistosendathank-youe-mailore-card.___18___Tosaythankyouinacreativeway,youcan:●selectsomeflowersfromaflorist;attachathank-younote.●presentthepersonwithabasketoffreshfruitorahome-madetreat.●Treatafriendtoamovie,meal,snackorcoffee.●giveagiftcardforabookstoreorarestaurant.___19___●findoutwhatthepersonlikesandgivesomethingrelatedtothat.●tosayabigthankyoutosomeone,throwapartyorhaveabarbecueinhonorofthatperson.Asyoucansee,therearemanywaystosaythankyou.____20____Youwillfeelgoodtryingoneoftheideas,andthepersonbeingthankedwillfeelgoodtoo.Itisawin-winsituation.A.Thinkofsomewaysofyourown.B.Youcanwriteathank-younote.C.Howdoyoushowyourgratitude?D.Thebestwayistogoandthankhiminperson.E.Apologizeifyouforgettoshowyourthanksatthespot.F.ThatwaythepersoncanpickoutafavoritebookoreatoutG.Thisisnotquiteaspersonal,butitstillshowsyourappreciation.第二部分语言知识运用（共两节,满分55分）第一节（共20小题;每小题2分,满分40分）阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。Wheneverwehearabout"thehomeless",mostofusthinkofthedevelopingworld.Butthe___21___isthathomelessnessiseverywhere.Forexample,howmanyofuswouldexpecttoseepeoplelivingonthestreetsofa___22___countrylikeGermany?KurtMullerandhiswifeRitahavespentelevenyearsmaking___23___forthehomelessofBerlin,Germany'scapital.Theyfirst___24___onelonghotsummerwhenmostGermanswere___25___onholiday.KurtMullerandhiswifestayedathome,madesandwiches,___26___atableinthestreetandgavefoodtothehomeless.TheMullerssoonrealizedthatfoodandclothingweren't___27___.“Whatthesepeoplealsoneediswarmthand___28___,”saysRita.TheMullersdidn’t___29___togivetheirphonenumbertothestreetpeopleandtoldthemtophoneanytime.Rita___30___therewassomebodyathometoanswerthephoneandtheirhomewasalways___31___toanyonewhocouldn’tfaceanothernightonthestreet.Thecoupleweresoon___32___alltheirtimeandmoney,soKurtvisitedfoodandclothingcompaniesto___33___donations.Today,overthirtycompanies___34___donatefoodandothergoodstothecauseandvolunteershelpto___35___themtothehomeless.Thepublicalsogiveclothesandmoneyandashoeproducer___36___newshoes.KurtandRitareceiveno___37___fortheirhardwork.“Wefeellikeparents,”saysRita,“andparentsshouldn’t___38___moneyforhelpingtheirchildren.Thelovewegetonthestreetsisoursalary.ThoughRitaadmitssheoftengets___39___.Shesaysshewillcontinuewithherworkbecauseshelikesthefeelingofhavingmadea___40___intheworld.21.A.result B.truth C.reason D.idea22.A.traditional B.developing C.typical D.wealthy23.A.preparations B.houses C.meals D.suggestions24.A.began B.met C.called D.left25.A.asleep B.alone C.across D.away26.A.broughtup B.setup C.putaside D.gaveaway27.A.enough B.necessary C.helpful D.expensive28.A.fame B.freedom C.courage D.caring29.A.hesitate B.agree C.pretend D.intend30.A.madesense B.foundout C.madesure D.workedout31.A.open B.crowded C.noisy D.near32.A.costing B.wasting C.taking D.spending33.A.payfor B.askfor C.lookinto D.carryout34.A.completely B.calmly C.regularly D.roughly35.A.advertise B.sell C.deliver D.lend36.A.donates B.produces C.designs D.collects37.A.permission B.payment C.direction D.support38.A.borrow B.raise C.save D.expect39.A.surprised B.excited C.tired D.amused40.A.profit B.difference C.decision D.rule第二节（共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分）阅读下列短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。DearWangPin,___41___(know)thatyouaredelayedinWuhan,Iamreallygettingupsetaboutit.___42___areourclassmates.I’mwritingtoconveyourconcerntoyou___43___behalfoftheclass.Wordcame___44___Wuhanwasinbadconditionduetothespreadingnovelcoronavirus.___45___,there’snosenseworryingaboutittoomuch.Youaresupposedtostayoptimistic.Afterall,you___46___（mere）haveabitoffever.CollegeEntranceExaminationisaroundthecorner,youknow.Sopreciousistimethatwecan’tafford___47___(waste)it.Asscheduled,ouronlineclasswillbeheldonFeb.8.AlloftheclassmateshaveaccesstotheInternet___48___(course)whereveryouare.Itis___49___(convenience)forustostudy,isn’tit?IsthereanythingIcandoforyou?Feelfreetocontactme.Isincerelyexpectthatyoucanmake___50___quickrecoveryandreturntonormal.第三部分写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节短文改错（共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分）51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。Igoabroadforfurtherstudieshalfayearago.Ireceivedalotofpresent.Allwerewrappedincolourpaper.Amongthemwastwopresentswhichreallyinterestedinme.Mysisterboughtmethebookwithcolourpicturesaboutbodylanguageandwithwordsaboutcustomsofdifferentlycountriesinit.Mybrothergavemeanote,itread,“Mypresentforyouhasbeenputinmybedroom.”WhenIhurriedintomybedroom,Ifoundaboxinit.Openthebox,Ifoundapocketcomputer.Iwasveryglad.IunderstoodthesetwopresentswouldbegreathelptomeinimprovingmyEnglish.第二节书面表达（满分25分）52.新冠病毒疫情当前，针对各地开展的网课，人们的看法不尽相同。假定你是李华，将参加主题为“WillTraditionalClassesbeReplacedbyOnlineClasses?”的英语征文比赛，请撰写一篇英文稿件，主要内容包括：1.网课出现的背景；2.网课的利弊；3.你的观点。注意：1．词数100左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。参考词汇：新型冠状病毒novelcoronavirus学期semester监管supervisioninteractions互动___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】1.D2.D3.C【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了英国的四个适合学生们去的博物馆，各自的开放时间，票价和主题特点。【1题详解】细节推理题。根据◆ScienceMuseum,London中showtheworkbehindthediscoveryoftheHiggs、boson.Wellworthitforanyonestudyingphysicsorsimplyinterested.可知伦敦科学博物馆对物理感兴趣或想学物理的学生有吸引力，故选D。【2题详解】细节推理题。根据◆SeacityMuseum,Southampton中whereaseriesofeventsfromthemomentoftheTitanichittheicebergareexploredusingpowerfuloraldescriptionfromsurvivors.从泰坦尼克撞上冰山的那一刻起，一系列事件就用幸存者强有力的口头描述进行了探索。可知其中有个人经历的真实讲述，故选D。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据第一部分中Wellworthitforanyonestudyingphysicsorsimplyinterested.第二部分中Runs:Until5MayPrice:Freeforstudents和therehasbeenasuddengrowthininterestintheoldcastle.第三部分中￡4.50forstudents和ExplorestheTitanicdisasteranditseffectonSouthampton,第四部分Greatforhistorystudents.可知这四个博物馆都适合学生们去参观，从中能学到或探索到感兴趣的知识。故选C。【点睛】细节理解题是阅读理解题中最简单的一种，多数属中低难度的题。事实和细节题的命题特点是：对文章或某一段落中的一些特定细节或文章重要事实的理解，一般包括直接理解题和语义转化题。直接理解题能在原文直接找到答案，而语义转化题则需要将题目信息与原文信息加工或整理后才能得出结论。做细节理解题具体方法与步骤如下：1.略读材料，大概了解原文，掌握中心或主旨；文章介绍了英国的四个适合学生们去的博物馆，各自的开放时间，票价和主题特点。2.按文章的体裁，作者写作的组织模式及有关的信息词。如forexample,first,second…等预测应该到何处寻找自己所需要的事实；3.将精力放在寻找你所需要的细节上。快速通篇跳读，全文扫视，找到细节出处，待找到含细节句子时，放慢速度，仔细核对比较内容，直至找到答案。如小题1考查伦敦博物馆会吸引哪些人，根据◆ScienceMuseum,London中showtheworkbehindthediscoveryoftheHiggs、boson.Wellworthitforanyonestudyingphysicsorsimplyinterested.可知伦敦科学博物馆对物理感兴趣或想学物理的学生有吸引力。小题2考查SeacityMuseum的细节，根据◆SeacityMuseum,Southampton中whereaseriesofeventsfromthemomentoftheTitanichittheicebergareexploredusingpowerfuloraldescriptionfromsurvivors.从泰坦尼克撞上冰山的那一刻起，一系列事件就用幸存者强有力的口头描述进行了探索。可知其中有个人经历的真实讲述。【答案】4.D5.C6.A7.B【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者鼓励他的学生John加入田径队，后来作者发现John曾是一流的网球运动员，但John却因为作者的鼓励坚持留在田径队训练的故事。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段的“JohnchangedtoourschoolfromGreece,andseemedtobeinterestedinathletics,soIencouragedhimtojoinourtrackteam.”可知，约翰从希腊转到我们的学校，他似乎对田径运动很感兴趣，所以我鼓励他加入我们的田径队。这说明作者对John在田径运动方面的兴趣给予了更多的关注。故选D。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段的“?…soIencouragedhimtojoinourtrackteam.Heacceptedtheoffer,andbegantoworkhardateverypractice.”可知，我鼓励他加入我们的田径队。他接受了这个提议并开始努力地参与每一个练习。即约翰参加田径队的原因是他受到了老师的鼓励。故选C。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Nomatterhowcriticalstudentscanbeofthemselves,I’vefoundthatasimple“Itrustthatyoucandoit!”cangoalongway!”可知，作者发现了无论学生对自己持怎样的批评态度，简单的一句话“我相信你可以做到！”就可以产生大不同，对他们产生积极深远的影响。因此作者写这篇文章的目的是要表明鼓励的重要性。故选A。【7题详解】推理判断题。由最后一段中的“Fromthenon,Ioftenremembermystudent’sreply.ItoldittoafriendandshesuggestedIwriteitdowntosharesomewherewithmoreteachers.”可知，从那时起，我经常记得我学生的答复。我把它告诉了一位朋友，她建议我写下来，与更多的老师分享。由此可知，这篇文章主要是写给老师的。故选B。【答案】8.A9.A10.B11.D【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人工智能给人类带来了惊喜和挑战，挑战主要体现在人工智能将在重复性工作上取代人类劳动力，但在大量需要创造性的工作领域，人工智能还无法胜任，人类无需过度恐慌。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段内容，特别是BothofRichardandAItakeinmassiveamountsofdatatoachievegoalswithunlimitedmemoryandsupermanaccuracyinacertainfield.可知，理查德和人工智能都需要大量的数据来实现目标，在某一领域拥有无限的内存和超人的准确性。由此可知，第一段就是为了引出人工智能这一文章话题。故选A。【9题详解】词义猜测题。根据划线词后的providedthetaskisinonefieldwithalotofdata—itistechnicallycapableofreplacinghundredsofmillionsofwhiteandbluecollarjobsinthenext15yearsorso.可知，如果这个任务是在一个有大量数据的领域——从技术上讲，它有能力在未来15年左右取代数亿个白领和蓝领工作。由此可知，AI在数据处理方面优于人类。由此可知，划线词意为“优于、胜过”。故选A。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第三、四、五段内容可知，AI在重复性工作上可以取代人类，但在创造性和投入感情的工作上无法取代，writer(作家)属于创造性工作，psychologist(心理学家)和babysitter(临时保姆)是需要投入感情的工作，故B项（商店售货员）符合题意。故选B。【11题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的Thekeythenmustberetrainingtheworkforcesopeoplecandothem.可知，那么，关键就必须是对劳动力进行再培训，使人们能够从事这些工作。由此可知，面对AI取代人类工作的现象，人类所能做的事情就是不断提升自己。故选D。【点睛】如果所需猜测词义的单词后有破折号，破折号后起解释说明作用的内容是重要依据，例如本篇第2题，根据破折号后的providedthetaskisinonefieldwithalotofdata—itistechnicallycapableofreplacinghundredsofmillionsofwhiteandbluecollarjobsinthenext15yearsorso.可知，如果这个任务是在一个有大量数据的领域——从技术上讲，它有能力在未来15年左右取代数亿个白领和蓝领工作。由此可知，AI在数据处理方面优于人类。由此可知，划线词意为“优于、胜过”。故选A。【答案】12.D13.A14.C15.B【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了人们在应该如何摆脱不良情绪的困扰，作者认为采取“自我宽恕”的办法能够解决这个问题，使自己的生活变得有意义。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Itisabsolutelynaturaltofeelguilty,shamefulandpainfulifyou’vehurtalovedone,arguedwithacoworkeroryouarejustnothappywithyourself.Forgivenessisnotaboutjust“lettinggo”ofthosefeelings,butdealingwiththeminapositivemanner.Asthesayinggoes,“It’snottheloadthatbreaksyoudown;it’sthewayyoucarryit.””可知，如果你伤害了所爱的人，与同事争吵或者你对自己不满意，因此而感到内疚、羞愧和痛苦是很自然的。宽恕不仅仅是放下这些感受，而是以积极的方式处理它们。俗话说：“能将你击垮的不是压力,而是你承受压力的方式。”由此可知，作者通过这个谚语想要表达的是以积极的方式原谅自己很重要，不要让不良情绪把自己压垮。故选D。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段的“Acceptresponsibilityforwhatyou’vedone.Inthisstage,youwanttomoveawayfromyourexcuses.Withoutacceptingresponsibility,anyformofselfforgivenesswillbenegative.”可知，对你所做的事情要勇于承担责任。在此阶段，你想找借口逃避现实。如果不承担责任，任何形式的自我宽恕都是消极的。即作者认为在尝试宽恕自己时应该愿意承担责任。故选A。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Taketimetoappreciatethatyoucanovercomeyourguilt,selfblameandfeelingsofpain.Appreciatethatyoucanmakechangesinyourlifetoavoidsimilarexperiencesinthefuture.Appreciatethatyoucancreateanewwayofliving.”可知，花点时间去欣赏你能克服内疚、自责和痛苦的感觉。感谢你可以改变你的生活，以避免将来发生类似的经历。感谢你能创造一种新的生活方式，由此判断出我们应该意识到在生活中我们可以取得进步。故选C。【15题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了人们在应该如何摆脱不良情绪的困扰，作者认为采取“自我宽恕”的办法能够解决这个问题，使自己的生活变得有意义。由此可知，B选项（学会宽恕自己。）可以作为文章的最佳标题故选B。【答案】16.C17.B18.G19.F20.A【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章就如何向别人表示感激之情提供了一些方法和建议。【16题详解】考查段尾句。前文提到：一些朋友邀请您吃美味的晚餐。当您的汽车在修理时，有人借给您他的汽车。您生病了，一位朋友为您送餐并照顾您。C项（那么您如何表达感激之情呢？）与上文连接通顺。故选C项。【17题详解】考查段首句。后文提到：现如今人们都很忙。手写的感谢信表明您花时间告诉某人您对他或她表示感激。B项（您可以写一封感谢信。）与下文连接通顺，note一词重复出现了。故选B项。【18题详解】考查段尾句。前文提到：另一个想法是发送一封电子邮件或电子贺卡表示感谢。G项（这虽然不怎么个性化，但它仍然表明了您的感激之情。）与上文连接通顺。故选G项。【19题详解】考查段中句。前文提到：给对方提供一张书店或餐馆的礼品卡。F项（这样人们就可以挑选自己喜欢的书或到餐馆吃饭。）与上文连接通顺，book与bookstore相关，eatout与restaurant相关。故选F项。【20题详解】考查段中句。前文提到：如您所见，有很多方法可以表示感谢。后文提到：尝试其中一种想法会让你感觉很好，而被感谢的人也会感觉很好。这是一个双赢的局面。A项（考虑一下自己独特的一些表示感谢的方式。）与上下文连接通顺。故选A项。【答案】21.B22.D23.C24.A25.D26.B27.A28.D29.A30.C31.A32.D33.B34.C35.C36.A37.B38.D39.C40.B【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了一对有爱心的德国夫妇舍弃了外出度假的时光，为那些无家可归的人做饭，提供住宿。在花完自己的积蓄后他们还向公司求助，呼吁更多的人们去关注那些无家可归的人。他们希望在这个世界上可以多一份关爱，少一份痛苦。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析及对语境的理解。句意：但现实就是无家可归的人到处都是。A.result结果;B.truth事实，真理；C.reason理由;D.idea主意。根据but可以判断后句内容和前句内容“每当我们听到无家可归这个词，我们大多数人就会想到发展中国家”是转折关系，前面说人们的想法，所以后面应该是事实，故选B。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析及对语境的理解。A.traditional传统的；B.developing发展中的；C.typical典型的；D.wealthy富裕的。根据空后likeGermany判断前面是指像德国这样的典型的发达国家，故选D。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析及对语境的理解。A.preparations筹备；B.houses房子；C.meals餐，饭；D.suggestions建议。根据后文KurtMullerandhiswifestayedathome，madesandwiches可知他们为德国首都柏林的无家可归者做饭已经十一年了，故选C。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析及对语境的理解。A.began开始；B.met遇到；C.called打电话，叫；D.left离开。根据first可知此处指他们开始为这些无家可归人们做饭是在一个漫长而炎热的夏天，故选A。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析及对语境的理解。句意：当大部分的德国人都离开去度假的时候。A.asleep睡着的；B.alone单独的；C.across穿过；D.away离开，远去。他们是从一个漫长而炎热的夏天开始，而在这个时候大多数德国人都外出度假了，选D。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析及对语境的理解。A.broughtup提出，抚养；B.setup搭建，安装，布置，临时搭起；C.putaside放一边，储存；D.gaveaway无偿赠送，暴露。Kurt和他的妻子呆在家里做三明治，然后到街上去分给那些无家可归的人，由此判断他们在街上布置好桌子，选B。【27题详解】A.enough析及对语境的理解。A.enough足够的；B.necessary有必要的；C.helpful帮助的；D.expensive贵的。由后句中的whatpeoplealsoneed…（人们还需要的是）可知，此处应该表达的是“穆勒夫妇意识到只有食物和衣服并不够”。故选A。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析及对语境的理解。A.fame名望；B.freedom自由；C.courage勇气；D.caring关心.从and前面的warmth判断选A。句意：他们还需要温暖和关怀。故选D。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析及对语境的理解。A.hesitate犹豫；B.agree同意；C.pretend假装；D.intend打算，想要。穆勒夫妇倾尽所有去帮助这些无家可归的人们，由此判断他们是毫不犹豫地把电话号码给那些街上的人，并告诉他们随时给他打电话。故选A。【30题详解】考查动词短语辨析及对语境的理解。句意：Rita确保家里有人接电话。A.madesense讲得通；B.foundout弄清楚； C.madeD.workedD.workedout计算出。结合上文Muller一家总是愿意把电话号码给街上的人并告诉他们随时可以打电话，可知Rita要确保家里有接电话的人，故选C。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析及对语境的理解。A.open开放的；B.crowded拥挤的；C.noisy嘈杂的，吵闹的；D.near附近的。由上文可知他们一家随时在都会帮助那些无家可归的人们，所以此处是指她家对那些不想在街上再呆一夜的人是随时敞开着的。beopento意为“对某人是敞开的；对……开放”，故选A。【32题详解】考查动词短语辨析及对语境的理解。A.costing花费；B.wasting浪费；C.taking带走；D.spending花费。.穆勒夫妇很快就要把他们的钱花光了。此处用动词过去进行时表示过去将要发生的动作。waste不符合句意；cost主语不能是sb，常用句式是：（某物）花费（某人）钱数；take也可表示“花费”，但其主语一般是sth.或形式主语it，常用句式是：Ittakessbsometimetodosth。spend花费，主语是人，常用句式是：Sbspendssometime/moneyonsth/(in)doingsth.。故选D。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析及对语境的理解。句意：于是Kurt参观了食物和服装公司来要求捐赠。A.payfor付款；B.askfor要求；请求；C.lookinto调查；D.carryout实现。从上下文可知他们向一些服装厂和食品厂去请求捐助，选B。【34题详解】考查副词词义辨析及对语境的理解。A.completely完全地，完整地；B.calmly镇定地，平静地；C.regularly经常性地，定期；D.roughly大约，粗暴地。现在，三十多家公司定期地为他们的事业捐赠食品和其他物品，其他不符合语境，故选C。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析及对语境的理解。A.advertise做广告；B.sell卖出；C.deliver发送、发表；D.lend借给。从语境可知志愿者们是来帮助他们向无家可归者分发这些食品物品，选C。【36题详解】考查动词词义辨析及对语境的理解。A.donates捐赠；B.produces生产；C.designs设计；D.collects收集。根据语境判断除了公司捐赠以外，公众也给衣服和钱，而且一家制鞋商还捐赠新鞋，故选A。【37题详解】考查名词词义辨析及对语境的理解。A.permission许可；B.payment报酬，付款；C.direction；方向D.support支持。根据后句中的“andparentsshouldn't53moneyforhelpingtheirchildren.可知此处指穆勒夫妇没有因为他们的艰难工作而得到报酬，选B。【38题详解】考查动词词义辨析及对语境的理解。A.borrow借；B.raise提高；C.save保存；D.expect期望。从语境可以判断他们感觉自己就像父母一样，父母是不应该因为帮助自己的孩子而期望得到钱的。其他动词不符合句意，故选D。【39题详解】考查形容词词义辨析及对语境的理解。A.surprised惊讶；B.excited兴奋；C.tired累的；D.amused逗乐。根据后面的主句内容可以判断尽管Rita承认常常会感到累，但她说她会继续这工作，故选C。【40题详解】考查名词词义辨析及对语境的理解。句意：她会继续工作下去，因为她喜欢能够在世界上发挥自己作用的感觉。A.sell卖出；B.difference差异；C.decision决定；D.rule规则。此处指他们的所作所为给别人的生活带来了改变，makeadifference“有影响，起作用”，选B。【答案】41.knowing42.So43.on44.that45.However46.merely47.towaste48.courses49.convenient50.a【解析】这是一封书信。作者写信代表全班同学向王品表达慰问之意，祝愿王品早日康复。【41题详解】考查现在分词。句意：亲爱的王品，知道你在武汉不能回来，对此我真的很担心。know在句中不是谓语动词，它与句子主语I之间构成主动关系，因此使用know的现在分词作状语。故填knowing。【42题详解】考查so的用法。句意：我们的同学也很担心你。so位于句首引导倒装句，表示前句所述（肯定）情况也适用于另一主语。它的结构是：So＋系动词（助动词或情态动词）＋另一主语，句子第一个单词首字母大写，故填So。【43题详解】考查固定短语。句意：我写信代表全班向你表达我们的关心。固定短语onbehalfof：代表，故填on。44题详解】考查同位语从句的引导词。句意：有消息说，由于新型冠状病毒的传播，武汉市的处境不好。分析句子结构可知，空格后面是一个同位语从句，从句的语意和成分都是完整的，因此使用that引导同位语从句，解释说明名词word。故填that。【45题详解】考查副词。句意：但是，你不必为此担心太多。根据上下文的句意可知，它们之间是指转折关系，空格后面有逗号，因此应该使用however，句子第一个单词首字母大写，故填However。【46题详解】考查副词。句意：毕竟，你只是有一点发烧。副词作状语，修饰动词have。故填merely。【47题详解】考查