高考总复习英语教师用书选修85UNIT5MEETINGYOURANCESTORS

话题：学校生活(Schoollife)n． 性格；个性adj. 丰富的-classadj. 一流的n. 习惯v. 参加engthenv. 加强n. 美德v. 寄宿n. 公寓n. 放松noeffort 不遗余力accustomedto 习惯于on 集中精力于keytosuccess 成功的关键upone’sbody 增强体质difficulty 克服困难upone’smind 下决心intoabadhabit 染上坏习惯areavarietyofafter-classactivitiesinourschool,whichbenefitusalot.我们学校有各种各样的课外活动，这些活动对我们很有益。2.Onlybyreadingwidelycanwegainmoreknowledgeandbroadenourhorizons.只有博览群书，我们才能增长知识开阔视野。dreamofgoingtothefirst-classuniversityattractsusgreatlyandwehavemadeupourmindstoachieveit.上一流大学的梦想极大地吸引着我们，我们已下决心来实现梦想。(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)假定你是李华，正在教你的英国朋友Leslie学习汉语。请你写封邮件告知下次上课的计划。内容包括：1．时间和地点；2．内容：学习唐诗；3．课前准备：简要了解唐朝的历史。DearLeslie，IamdelightedtoknowyouareinterestedinTangpoems.NowI’mwritingtotellyoutheplanforthenextclass.ActuallyIamveryfondofTangpoems.IthinkitgreatfuntolearnthepoemswrittenintheTangDynastywithyou.WearetomeetonSundaymorninginthePeople’sPark,wheretheairisfreshandthesceneryisbeautiful.Wewilllearnfrom8：00a．m.to10：00a．m.Besides,IadviseyoutogotothebookstoretoborrowahistorybookandlearnthehistoryoftheTangDynastyinadvance,whichcanhelpyoubetterunderstandthepoemstobelearned.Ifyouhaveanyquestions,pleaseletmeknow.Lookingforwardtoyourearlyreply.Yours，LiHua1．tentativeadj. 试探性的；不确定的2．acuteadj. 有观察力的；敏锐的；严重的；深刻的3．ampleadj. 足够的；充足的；富裕的4．primitiveadj. 原始的；远古的；简陋的5．ripenvt.&vi. 使……成熟；成熟6．spitvt. 吐出(唾液、食物等)vi. 吐痰7．radioactiveadj. 放射性的；有辐射能的8．acceleratevi.&vt. 加速；促进9．dizzyadj. 头晕目眩的；眩晕的；使人发晕或困惑的10．gayadj. 快乐的；欢快的11．categoryn. 种类；类别；范畴12．howlvt.&vi. 嗥叫；叫喊；吼叫n. 长嚎；嗥叫1．alternativen. 可能的选择adj. 供选择的；其他的2．regardlessadv. 不管；不顾3．somehowadv. 以……方式；不知怎么地4．skilfuladj. 有技巧的；熟练的5．arrestvt. 逮捕；吸引n. 逮捕；拘留6．deletevt. 删；删除1．interruptvt.&vi.打断……讲话；打岔；暂时中断或中止→interruptionn.中断；干扰2．assumevt.假定；设想→assumingconj.假设→assumptionn.假设；设想3．sharpenvi.&vt.(使)锋利，尖锐；清晰→sharpadj.锋利的，尖锐的→sharpenern.磨具；削具4．messyadj.凌乱的；脏的→messn.凌乱，脏5．applaudvi.&vt.鼓掌欢迎；赞赏→applausen.鼓掌6．starvationn．挨饿；饿死→starvevi.挨饿；饿死7．analysisn．分析→planalyses→analysevt.分析8．significancen．意义；意思；重要性；重要意义→significantadj.重要的9．divisionn．分割；划分；分配；分界线→dividev.分割，划分；分配10．accuracyn.精确；准确→accurateadj.准确的；精确的→accuratelyadv.准确地，精确地11．identifyvt.确认；识别；鉴别→identificationn．辨认；鉴定12．botanyn．植物学→botanicaladj.植物学的；与植物学有关的[用所给词的适当形式填空]1．IhavebeensobusythatIhavenotimetocleanthemess,__sothehouselooksverymessy．(mess)2．Theboyneedsapencilsharpenertosharpenhispencil,becausethesharpenerhehasisn’tsharp．(sharpen)3．Whileworkingouttheproblem,youshouldpaymoreattentiontotheaccuracy.Youmustmeasurethelengthaccuratelyinordertogettheaccuratenumber.(accurate)4．Atthemeeting,TominterruptedJanewithaquestion,butJanecarriedontotallyignoringhisinterruption．(interrupt)1．regardless__of 不管；不顾2．at__most 至多；最多3．keep__out 不准进入4．(be)__fed__up__with 受够了；饱受；厌烦5．look__ahead 向前看；为将来打算6．date__back__(to...) 追溯到；始于7．concentrate__on 集中8．cut__up 切碎9．take__turns__to__do__sth. 轮流做某事10．can’t/couldn’t__help__doing__sth. 禁不住做某事[选用上面的短语填空]1．Ibelieveeveryone,regardless__ofageorbackground,cancomeupwithnewideasandexcellentinsights.2．IfonlyIhad__looked__aheadafewdaysago!ThenIwouldn’thavebeenfeelingsoworriednow.3．Tomakethesoup,youshouldfirstcut__upsomecarrotsandbeefintosmallpiecesandthenputthemintotheport.4．Forexample,whenyouare__fed__up__withallthepeoplesometimes,itisbetterforyoutofindaquietplace,listeningtosomeclassicalmusic.5．Pleasekeepthedogoutoftheroom.It’stoodirtyandnoisy.6．Bepatient!Thewholeprocesswilltakehalfanhourat__most．eq\a\vs4\al()分词用作介词或连词小结①assuming 假设；假定②considering 鉴于；考虑到③including 包含；包括④supposing 假设；假如⑤provided/providing 假设；如果⑥concerning 关于⑦given 鉴于；考虑到后缀-en构成的动词集锦①sharp→sharpen 磨快；(使)敏捷②ripe→ripen (使)变成熟③short→shorten (使)变短；缩短④wide→widen (使)变宽⑤deep→deepen (使)变深⑥strong→strengthen 加强⑦fright→frighten (使)惊吓⑧dark→darken (使)变暗无被动语态的动词短语聚焦①datefrom/backto 追溯到②belongto 属于③consistof 由……组成④cometrue 变成现实⑤takeplace 发生⑥breakout 爆发1．as引导定语从句，意为“正如”Yes，indeed，asthebotanicalanalyseshaveshownus，allthefieldsaroundhereusedtobepartofalargeshallowlake.2．ifonly虚拟语气表示“要是……就好了”Ifonlyitcouldbejustlikelastyear!3．“had＋过去分词．..when...”表示“刚刚……这时……”Shehadalmostreachedherdestinationwhenadelicioussmellarrestedherprogressandshestopped.4．onlytodo表示意想不到的或令人失望的结果，意思是“结果却……”Abruptlyshesatdown,onlytobescoopedupbyherlaughing,shoutingsister,Luna.[句式仿写]1．正如古训所说“人不可貌相，海水不可斗量”。“Youcan’tjudgeabookbyitscover，”as__the__old__saying__goes．2．看看我所处的困境，要是我接受他的建议就好了！LookatthetroubleIamin.If__only__I__had__followedhisadvice!3．他刚走进教室，这时铃声响了。Hehad__just__enteredtheclassroomwhen__the__bell__rang．4．他匆匆忙忙地赶往剧院，结果被告知票已卖完。Hehurriedtothetheatre,only__to__be__toldthattheticketshadbeensoldout.alternativeadj.供选择的；其他的n．可能的选择；选择对象(经典例句)I’mafraidIhavenoalternativebuttowaituntilmyparentsfinallyagreetomyplan.恐怕我别无选择，只好等待父母同意我的计划。eq\a\vs4\al()(1)havenoalternativebuttodosth. 别无选择只好做某事analternativeto... ……的替代品(2)alternativelyadv. 可供选择地Themanagersaidthattheyhadanalternativeplaniftheplantheyhadputforwardwasnotaccepted.经理说如果他们提出的计划不被采纳，他们还有另外一个计划。完成下列“别无选择只好做……”的其他表达形式：(1)havenochoicebutto_do_sth.(2)can’tdosth.butdo_sth.(3)candonothingbutdo_sth.[巧学活用]——一句多译(福建卷书面表达)失败乃成功之母。有时候，为了成功，我们不得不勇敢地直面失败并从中吸取教训。(1)Failureisthemotherofsuccess.Sometimes,inordertosucceed,wehave_no_alternative_but_to_face_failure_bravelyandlearnfromit.(alternative)(2)Failureisthemotherofsuccess.Sometimes,inordertosucceed,wehave__no__choice__but__to__face__failure__bravelyandlearnfromit.(choice)(3)Failureisthemotherof,inordertosucceed,wecan__do__nothing__but__face__failure__bravelyandlearnfromit.(nothing)interruptvt.&vi.打断……讲话；打岔；暂时中断或中止(经典例句)Hardlyhadhebegantospeakwhentheaudienceinterruptedhim.他刚开始演讲，听众就打断了他。eq\a\vs4\al()(1)interruptsb./sth.(withsth.) (因某事)打断某人/某事(2)interruptionn. 打扰，插嘴，打岔；阻断物withoutinterruption 连续地，不断地Theywereinterruptedbyasuddenandurgentknockatthedoor.他们被突然而急促的敲门声打断了。[巧学活用]——单句语法填空(1)Beingabad-temperedman,hewouldnottoleratehavinghislecturesinterrupted(interrupt)．(2)I’dappreciateitifyoustopinterrupting(interrupt)mewhenI’mtalking.(3)Sorryfortheinterruption(interrupt)butI’dliketoremindyouit’stimeforthemeeting.assumevt.假定；设想(2016·江苏卷单项填空)Inartcriticism,youmustassumetheartisthasasecretmessagehiddenwithinthework.在艺术评论中，你一定要假定艺术家的作品有隐含的信息。eq\a\vs4\al()(1)assumesb./sth.tobe 假定/假设某人/某事为Itisassumedthat... 一般认为……(2)assumptionn. 假定；假设makeanassumption 认为，假定(3)assume/assuming(that)．.. 假设/假定……Itisgenerallyassumedthatstressiscausedbytoomuchwork.一般认为，紧张是工作过多所致。Assuming/Assumethatourplanisturneddown,whatshallwedo?假定我们的计划被拒绝了，我们该怎么办？[巧学活用]——单句语法填空(1)Assuming(assume)youareright,we’llmakeagreatdealofmoneyfromtheproject.(2)Itis__assumed(assume)thatmentalhealthisrelatedtophysicalhealth.(3)Alotofpeoplemaketheassumption(assume)thatpovertyonlyexistsinthethirdworld.significancen．意义；意思；重要性；重要意义(经典例句)Onlythendidherealizethesignificanceofprotectingenvironmentalprotection.只有在那时他才意识到保护环境的重要性。eq\a\vs4\al()(1)beof(great/no/little)significanceto... 对……(很/不)重要attach(great)significanceto 认为……(很)重要(2)significantadj. 重要的；明显的besignificantfor 对……是重要的Itissignificantthat... 很明显……Yoursuccesstodaymaybesignificantforyourwholefuture.你今天的成功对你的整个未来来说可能是重要的。[基础练习]——单句语法填空(1)TheInternetisawonderfuldiscovery,whichIthinkisofgreatsignificancetopeople’slives.(2)Thepolicesaidtherehadbeenasignificant(significance)developmentinthecase.[能力提升]——完成句子/词汇升级(3)我们应该牢记，合作对社会和我们自己来说都非常重要。①低频词汇：Weshouldrememberthatteamworkis__very__important__forbothoursocietyandourselves.②高频词汇：Weshouldbearinmindthatteamworkis__very__significant__forbothoursocietyandourselves.③高频词汇：Weshouldbearinmindthatteamworkis__of__great__significance__tobothoursocietyandourselves.regardlessof不管；不顾(侧重指不计后果和代价)(教材P38)Sowethinkitisreasonabletoassumetheylivedinthesecaves，regardlessofthecold.因此我们有理由认为他们不顾严寒，就住在这些洞穴里。eq\a\vs4\al()(1)regardlessof强调“不认为……重要”，从而不加以重视或考虑，其后可接whether/what引导的从句。(2)despite/inspiteof意为“尽管……”，其后一般不接从句。(2016·江苏卷书面表达)Inaddition,theInternetmakessurveyingandvotingeasyandconvenient,regardlessoftimeandspace.除此之外，网络使调查和投票无论在时间上还是空间上变得容易、方便了。(2015·天津卷单项填空)Despitethepreviousroundsoftalks,noagreementhasbeenreachedsofarbythetwosides.虽然经过了先前几轮的谈判，但是到目前为止，双方没有达成共识。[巧学活用]——高考小作文(安徽卷书面表达)如果你想到什么就说什么，毫不考虑别人的情感，你就会伤害他人。Youwillhurtothersifyousaywhatyouthink,regardless__of__other__people’s__feelings．dateback(to...)追溯到……(经典例句)Thisisahistoricbuildingthatdatesbacktothe17thcentury.这是一座有历史意义的建筑，可追溯到17世纪。eq\a\vs4\al()(1)datebackto＝datefrom 追溯到……(2)outofdate 过时的，陈旧的uptodate 最近的，新式的， 现代的Myinterestinstampcollectingdatesbackto/datesfrommyschooldays.我从学生时代就开始爱好集邮。datebackto和datefrom一般不用于进行时态。作后置定语时，常用现在分词形式。[巧学活用]——完成句子/句式升级据专家说这座寺庙历史悠久，可追溯到初唐时期。(1)普通表达：Accordingtotheexpert,thetemplehasalonghistory.Itdates__back__totheearlyTangDynasty.(2)高级表达：Accordingtotheexpert,thetemplehasalonghistorydating__back__totheearlyTangDynasty.(分词作定语)arrestv.&n．逮捕，拘留；吸引(注意)eq\a\vs4\al()(1)arrestsb.for 因……而逮捕某人getarrested 遭逮捕arrestone’sattention 引起某人的注意(2)underarrest 被捕makeanarrest 进行拘捕[单句语法填空/完成句子](1)Theyputhimunderarrestandtookhimtothepolicestation,wheretheychargedhimwithstealingacar.(2)Theywillhaveyouarrested(arrest)ifyoudon’tpaytaxes,becauseitiseveryone’sdutytopaytaxes.(3)Thebeautifulsunsetarrested__our__attention(引起我们的注意),andwecouldn’thelpstoppingtowatchit.befedupwith受够了；饱受；厌烦(beboredwith)[完成句子]Iam__fed_up_with/am_bored_with(受够了)thisweather;it’stimewehadsomesunshine.(教材P43)Ifonlyshehadlookedaheadandplannedbetterthisyear!她今年要是早有预见，计划得更好些就好了！eq\a\vs4\al()此句用了虚拟语气。ifonly...意为“要是……就好了”。(1)ifonly...could/would/mightdo...表示对与将来事情相反的愿望(不用should);(2)ifonly...did...表示对与现在事实相反的愿望；(3)ifonly...haddone...表示对与过去事实相反的愿望。IfonlyIhadmoretimetothinkaboutthissuggestion.我要是有更多时间考虑这个建议就好了。Asmanyas150minersdiedintheaccident.Ifonlythemineownershadpaidenoughattentiontothesafetymeasures！多达150名矿工在那次事故中丧生，要是矿主足够关注安全措施就好了！onlyif只有……，引导条件状语从句，并且从句位于句首时，主句要进行部分倒装。OnlyifyouareawareoftheimportanceofEnglishcanyoulearnitwell.只有你意识到英语的重要性你才能学好英语。[巧学活用]——单句语法填空(1)Constantquarrelsbetweenmyparentsaredrivingmecrazy.IfonlyIhad(have)awarmandharmoniousfamily.(2)It’stoobadthatIfailedinthemathexam.IfonlyIhad__worked(work)hardatit!(教材P43)Abruptlyshesatdown,onlytobescoopedupbyherlaughing,shoutingsister,Luna.她突然坐了下来，结果被爱吵闹的妹妹露娜一把抱了起来。eq\a\vs4\al()onlytodo是不定式作结果状语，意为“不料，结果却”，表示出乎意料或令人失望的结果。Hehurriedtothestadiumwithoutsupper,onlytobetoldthefootballmatchwascancelled.他没吃晚饭，急匆匆地到达体育馆，却被告知足球赛取消了。现在分词作结果状语时表示伴随谓语动词的发生而产生的自然结果(同时发生)。HehasgotmarriedandsettledinAustralia,leavinghisfamilyinHongKong.他结婚定居在澳洲，留下他的家人在香港。[巧学活用]——单句语法填空(1)Ihurriedtothepostofficeonlyto__find(find)itclosed.(2)Thelibrariansactivelycollectedthebooksoftheworld,accelerating(accelerate)thespreadofknowledge.(3)Theheadmasterhurriedtothelecturehall,onlyto__be__told(tell)thespeakerhadgone.eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)单句语法填空1．Shehadalmostreachedherdestination____________somethingarrestedherattentionandshebrakedsharply.答案：when2．Wemustseizethisopportunityandtakeeffectivemeasures____________(accelerate)thegrowthofoureconomy.答案：toaccelerate3．Asisknowntousall,____________(accurate)isofgreatimportanceinthestudyofscience.答案：accuracy4．ThePresident’svisitwasofgreat____________(significant)totherelationshipbetweenChinaandAmerica,especiallyinthefieldofeconomy.答案：significance5．Themomentthefamoussingerfinishedsinging,theaudiencestoodupand____________(applaud)warmly.答案：applauded6．Everyyear,agoodmanytouristsareattractedtovisittheoldtower____________(date)backtotheeleventhcentury.答案：dating7．Weareworkingonthe____________(assume)thattheconferencewilltakeplaceasplanned.答案：assumption8．Theescapedprisonergot____________(arrest)immediatelyheturnedupattherailwaystationandwassenttoprisonagain.答案：arrested9．Theplantsneedtherightamountofsunlightandraintogrowand____________(ripe)．答案：ripen10．Thenewmethodwaspopularandmanypeasantsbecamevery____________(skill)atit.答案：skilfuleq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ)单元语法——复习现在完成进行时单句语法填空1．Letthesoldierssleepforawhilebecausethey____________(rescue)theinjuredfortwelvehoursnon-stop.答案：havebeenrescuing2．(2016·上海卷)Overtheyears,designersandartists____________________(try)tocapturetheessentialsofgooddesign.答案：havebeentrying3．(2016·江苏卷单项填空)Dashan,who____________________(learn)crosstalk,theChinesecomedictradition,fordecades,wantstomixitupwiththeWesternstand-uptradition.答案：hasbeenlearning4．You’dbetternotcallthemanagerbetween7and8thisevening,forhe____________(have)animportantmeetingthen.答案：willbehaving5．Thegirlhasagreatinterestinsportand____________(take)badmintonclassestwiceaweekoverthelastthreeyears.答案：hasbeentakingeq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)教材与语法填空根据课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。AgroupofstudentsfromEnglandhascometotheZhoukoudiancavesforavisit.1.____________archaeologistisshowingthemround.Thearchaeologistshavebeenexcavatinghereformanyyears.After2.____________(find)humanandanimalbonesinthosecaveshigherupthehillaswellastoolsandotherobjects,theythink3.____________isreasonabletoassumesomeoftheearliestpeoplelivedinthesecaves,regardless4.____________thecold.Theyalsodiscoveredfireplacesinthecentreofthecavestheymadefires.Thatwouldhavekeptthemwarm,cookedthefoodandscaredwildbeastsawayaswell.Someevidencesuggeststhatourancestorsdidwearclothes(make)fromanimalskins.Theyevenusedsharpenedstonetools(cut)upanimalsandremovetheirskin.Thearchaeologistalso8.____________(show)thestudentsaprimitivenecklacepreservedquitewell.Indeed,asthebotanicalanalyseshave9.____________(special)shownus,allthefieldsaroundhereusedtobepartofalargeshallowlake.Perhapstherewastradebetweenearlypeoplesorthey10.____________(travel)totheseasideontheirjourneys.答案：cuteq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ)话题知识与写作(Ⅰ)根据提示翻译下列句子。1．上个月我们非常有幸到周口店洞穴参观。(agreathonor)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案：Lastmonth,itwasagreathonorforustopayavisittotheZhoukoudiancaves.2．在这次旅行中我们知道了早期人类的生活环境。(environment)________________________________________________________________________答案：Duringthevisit,weareawareofthelivingenvironmentoftheearliestpeople.3．我们不仅了解了他们在寒冬御寒的一些方法，还了解到他们是怎样做成兽皮衣服的。(keepthecoldout)________________________________________________________________________答案：Notonlyareweawareofsomeoftheirwaysofkeepingthecoldoutduringthefreezingwinter,butalsoweknowtheirclothesmadeofanimalfurs.4．从他们的项链来判断，他们的确很在乎外貌。(judgingby)________________________________________________________________________答案：Judgingbytheirnecklaces,theycaredabouttheirappearanceindeed.5．周口店一行，让我们进一步接触了我们的民族和文化遗产，增强了我们的民族自豪感。(heritage)________________________________________________________________________答案：ThevisittotheZhoukoudiancavesletsusgetclosetoournationalandculturalheritage,whichincreasesoursenseofnationalpride.(Ⅱ)将以上句子连成一篇语言流畅、用词准确、逻辑严密的短文。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案：Lastmonth,itwasagreathonorforustopayavisittotheZhoukoudiancaves.Duringthevisit,weareawareofthelivingenvironmentoftheearliestpeople.What’smore,notonlyareweawareofsomeoftheirwaysofkeepingthecoldoutduringthefreezingwinter,butalsoweknowtheirclothesmadeofanimalfurs.Judgingbytheirnecklaces,theycaredabouttheirappearanceindeed.Inaword,thevisittotheZhoukoudiancavesletsusgetclosetoournationalandculturalheritage,whichincreasesoursenseofnationalpride.阅读提速练eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)阅读理解AWhilebeachvacationsmaybeagreatwaytotakeyourmindoffwork，lakessurroundedbymountainsmakeforanevengranderyouarelookingforpeaceonyourvacation，wehavesomerecommendationsforyouintheCaucasus(高加索)．LakeSevanLakeSevanissituatedinthecentralpartofArmenia，intheGegharkunikisthelargestlakeinArmenia，located6，234ftaboveseathelakeshore，therearevariousaccommodationssuchasresortsandhotelswithplentyofactivitiestopartakesuchaswindsurfing，swimmingandthere，donotforgettovisitoneofthefamousculturalmonuments，theSevanavankmonastery，anditoffersagreatviewofthelakeaswell.ParavaniLakeParavaniLake，located6，801ftabovesealevel，isinthesouthofGeorgia，neartheJavakhetithislevel，altitudesicknesscanoccuranditisagoodideatobepreparedtoadapttoitproperly，orbringmedicationforaltitudeavolcaniclakemakesforamoreinterestinglakeisbestknownfornotcomehomeduringthewintermonthswhenthelakefreezes.LakeCildirLakeCildirislocatedintheArdahanProvince，eastTurkey，neartheborderswithGeorgiaandisalargefreshwaterlakeofeasternTurkey，andmanytouristsarenotawareofthisbeautifulCildirissurroundedbymountainsofthelakefreezesduringlatefthewinterisnotextremelycold，youcantrysomelakeactivitieslikeiceskatingandicefishing.LakeVanLakeVanisthemustvisitofalllakesinthislist，thelargestlakeinVanislocatedontheeasternshoreofTurkeyandisalsothemostaccessiblelake’ssituated5，380ftabovesealevel，anduniquetomanylakesaroundtheworld，thewaterishighinsaltcontent.【解题导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了供人们度假的好去处——高加索地区的一些湖泊。1．Ifyouwanttovisitsomehistoricsitesduringyourtravelbyalake，youcangoto________．A．LakeCildir B．ParavaniLakeC．LakeSevan D．LakeVanC解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“donotforgettovisitoneofthefamousculturalmonuments，theSevanavankmonastery”可知，度假期间如果你想参观历史性建筑可以到LakeSevan。故选C。2．WhatisspecialaboutLakeVan?A．Itswaterishighinsalt.B．Itisavolcaniclake.C．Itisgloballythelargestlake.D．Itissurroundedbymountains.A解析：细节理解题。根据第五段中的“anduniquetomanylakesaroundtheworld，thewaterishighinsaltcontent”可知，LakeVan的特色是湖水的盐度高。故选A。3．WhatchallengearetravelersmostlikelytofacewhilevisitingParavaniLake?A．Lackofmedicine.B．Volcanoeruptions.C．Altitudesickness.D．Lowtemperaturealltheyear.C解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Atthislevel，altitudesicknesscanoccuranditisagoodideatobepreparedtoadapttoitproperly，orbringmedicationforaltitudesickness.”可知，在游览ParavaniLake时，游客们最有可能面临的挑战就是高原反应。故选C。BIusedtobelievecourtesywasathingofthepast.VeryseldomhaveIencounteredacourteoushumanbeinginthismodernera.Recently,Ihadtochangemythinking,whenIcamefacetofacewithjustsuchahumanbeinginacoffeeplace,withmytwoplacewascrowdedasusualandwehadtoclimbsteep(陡的)stairsinordertofindanemptytable.Afterenjoyingcoffeeandsnacks,wewentdownthenarrowstairs,wheretherewashardlyanyspaceforanotherpersontoeitherclimbuporcomedown.JustasIwasinthemiddleofthestairs,amanenteredthemainentranceoftherestaurantwhichwasrightinfrontofthestaircase(楼梯).IwassureIwouldbepushedroughlybythismangoingup.IkeptcomingdownasfastasIcould.Mydaughterswerealreadydown,lookingupatmeworriedly,hopingIwouldreachthembeforethestrangerstartedwalkingupthestairs,knowingIwasanervoussort.Nearlyreachingthem,Inoticedthemanstillstandingnearthedoor.Ireachedmydaughtersandpassedthestrangerattheentrancedoorwhichhekeptholdingopen.Ilookedback,thinkinghewasstillatthedoor,decidingwhethertogoinorfindanotherlesscrowdedplace.Isawhimgoingupthestairs,twoatatime.Itoldmydaughtersaboutitandallthreeofusfeltbadthatwedidnoteventhankthecourteousgentlemanwhowasactuallyholdingthedooropenforusladiestopassthroughbeforegoingup.Suchwellmanneredpeoplearehardtofindthesedayswhenpushingisverycommoninouradvancedbutaggressivesociety.Weapplaudedforhischivalry(彬彬有礼)．【解题导语】在这个忙碌的现代社会，彬彬有礼、体贴他人的品质变得尤为珍贵。作者讲述了自己经历的一件事情，并赞扬了这种良好的品质。4．Whatisthemeaningoftheunderlinedword“courtesy”inParagraph1?A．Abraveaction. B．Sacrificespirit.C．Aconsiderateaction. D．Selfishbehavior.C解析：词义猜测题。根据下文故事中的男人为作者让路并且开门可推测出，这是一种体贴的行为，故选C项。A项意为“勇敢的行为”；B项意为“牺牲精神”；D项意为“自私的行为”。5．Whatdidtheauthorthinkofthemanatthefirstsightofhim?A．Hewasinahurry.B．Hewouldwaitforher.C．Hewouldpassherrudely.D．Hewasamanwithgoodmanners.C解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“IwassureIwouldbepushedroughlybythismangoingup.”可知，作者本认为这个男人会粗鲁地挤开她上楼梯，故选C项。6．WhatcanwelearnaboutthemanfromParagraph4?A．Hemightbeawaiterofthecafé.B．Hemighthaveanurgentbusinesstodo.C．Helovedadaughteroftheauthor.D．Hewouldholdthedooropenforall.B解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Isawhimgoingupthestairs,twoatatime.”以及下文谈到她们都来不及对这个男人说一声谢谢可推知，那个男人上楼梯，一次上两级台阶，应该是有急事要做，故选B项。CIt’swellknowntocardriversthatredmeans“stop”，greenmeans“go”，andyellowmeans“hurryupandmakethatdamnlight”．Whythosecolors,though?Theanswerliesinthefactthattheearliesttrafficsignalsweredesignedfortrains,notwereredandgreen,gas-powered,andmorethanalittledangerousintheeventofaleak.Redisaninherited(继承的)symbolfromrailroads,whichsymbolizesdangerinmanyredhasalongerwavelengththananyothercoloronthevisiblespectrum(光谱),itcanbeseenfromagreaterdistancethanotherhasmeant“stop”sincelongbeforecarsexisted,withtrainsignals’useofreddatingbacktothedayswhenmechanicalarmsliftedandloweredtoindicatewhethertherailaheadwasclear.Green’swavelengthisnextto(andshorterthan)yellow’sonthevisiblespectrum,meaningit’sstilleasiertoseethananycolorotherthanredandintheearlydaysofrailwaylights,greenmeant“caution”，whilethe“all-clear”lightwas,well,clearorissaidthatseveraldisastrouscollisionshappenedafteranengineermistookstarsinthenightforan,greenbecame“go”，andforalongtime,railwaysusedonlygreenandredtosignaltrains.Fromtheearliestdaysofmotoringupuntilthemid-1900s，notallstopsignswerered—manywereyellow,becauseatnightitwasallbutimpossibletoseearedstopsigninapoorlylit1915theyellowstop-signcrazebeganinDetroit,acitythatfiveyearslaterinstalleditsfirstelectrictrafficsignal,whichhappenedtoincludetheveryfirstyellowtrafficlight.Butwhatofthosemysteriousyellowstopsigns?Asmaterialsandtechnologiesevolved,theabilitytoproducehighlyreflectivesignsmeantthatredcouldresumeitsnaturalspotinthesignhierarchy,leavingthestill-highly-visibleyellowtothedomain(领域)of“caution”．That’swhyschoolzonesandbuses,crosswalks,andotherimportantwarningsareyellowtoday.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。我们都知道“红灯停，绿灯行，黄灯亮了快点走”的交通规则，但交通信号灯为什么是红、黄、绿三种颜色呢？本文主要介绍了交通信号灯的起源和发展。7．Whatweretrafficlightsoriginallyintendedfor?A．Trains. B．Cars.C．Planes. D．Ships.A解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Theanswerliesinthefactthattheearliesttrafficsignalsweredesignedfortrains，notcars.”可知，最初，交通信号灯是为火车而不是汽车的通行而设计的。故选A。8．What’sthemainreasonforred’slongbeingusedtomean“stop”？A．Itcanbeseenevenindarkareas.B．Itrepresentsdangerinmanycultures.C．Ithasthelongestwavelength.D．Peoplepreferredtoothercolors.C解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Asredhasalongerwavelengththananyothercoloronthevisiblespectrum(光谱)，itcanbeseenfromagreaterdistancethanothercolors.”可知，由于红色在可见光谱中波长最长，因此可视距离要比其他颜色更远，这也是其能长期被用作表示“停止”的交通信号的原因。故选C。9．Whichofthefollowingmaytheauthoragreewith?A．Themeaningofredisculture-specific.B．Yellowfunctionedasstopsignsinthe1900s.C．Green’swavelengthisjustsecondtothatofred.D．Green’sroleinlightshaschangedovertime.D解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的内容尤其是“greenmeant‘caution’”“greenbecame‘go’”可知，随着时间的变化，绿色在交通信号灯中所扮演的角色也发生了巨大的变化。故选D。10．Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A．Thesignificanceofroadtrafficsigns.B．Thehistoryofrailroadtransportation.C．Thesymbolicmeaningofdifferentcolors.D．Theoriginanddevelopmentoftrafficlights.D解析：主旨大意题。通读全文内容可知，本文主要讲述了交通信号灯的起源与发展，并解释了这三种颜色(红、黄、绿)的物理性质及为什么会被用作交通信号灯。故D项最为全面地概括了文章的主要内容。eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ)七选五Myfatherusedtobeanamateurwrestlerandnationalchampion.Hewasforcedbyhisfathertogiveupthesportinordertoobtaingainfulemployment,whichmeanthewouldn’tbeabletowinamedalforour,hemadeavowthathisunbornsonwouldrealizehisunfinisheddream.1.________Hewasabouttogiveuphopewhenoneday,myyoungersisterBabitaandIbeatuptwoboysaccidentallyinresponsetocriticalcomments.Mydadfoundourpotentialtobecomewrestlersandbegancoachingus.2.________Wewererequiredtodophysicaltrainingearlyinthemorningandhaveshorthaircutstoavoidlice.3．________Wecomplainedabouthimallthetime.Gradually,Irealizedthathewantedustohaveagoodfutureandnotgrowuptobeordinaryhousewives.Motivated,wewillinglyparticipatedinhiscoaching.Withgreatefforts,hemadeuscompetitivewrestlersandIwonjuniorandseniorchampionships,providingmewithachancetogaintrainingintheNationalSportsAcademy,whereprideandagonyfulfilledmymind.4.________Asaresult,Ifoundmyselflosingeverymatchattheinternationallevethat,Iturnedtohimforhelp.Thenhecoachedmepatiently.Despitedifficulty,IfinallybecamethefirstIndianfemalewrestlertoqualifyfortheOlympics,inspiringdozensofIndi