新教材2021-2022学年英语译林版必修第一册练习uNIT4LOOKINGGOODFEELINGGOODS1课后练习巩固WORD版含解析

Ⅰ.单词拼写1.(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Whilelikabilitycanleadtohealthyadjustment,highstatushasjusttheoppositee________onus.2.(2019·天津卷)Awarinjuryhasmadehislefthandstop__________(正常工作)．3.Mostfoodwebs,forinstance,consistofmanyweaklinksr________thanafewstrongones.4.(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)Youwillsticktoyour__________(日常饮食)．5.S__________supperisanotherwayforsomepeopletocontrolweightnowadays.6.Technologicalchangeiseverywhereandaffectsevery____________(方面，层面)oflife.7.Scientistshavefoundthereasonwhysomepeoplewillf__________atthesightofblood.8.Abalanceddietcanprovideenough____________(营养)foryourbody.9.Theylefttheoffice____________(一……就……)theclockstruck12.10.Pleasesupplythefollowingdetails:name,ageands__________.【答案】1.effect2.functioning3.rather4.diet5.Skipping6.aspect7.faint8.nutrition9.immediately10.sexⅡ.单句语法填空1.(2019·北京卷)Oceancolourvariesfromgreentoblue,dependingonthetypeand__________(concentrate)ofphytoplankton(浮游生物).2.(2019·北京卷)Theyare__________(extreme)importantinthesafeand__________(effect)runningofourprogrammes.3.(2019·江苏卷)Hefelt__________(concern)abouthisillness.4.Myfatherisalwayslivelyand__________(energy),butheisnotverypatient.5.Itis____________(slight)coldertodaythanitwasyesterday.6.Sheisalittle____________(slim)thansheusedtobeandlooksmorecharming.7.Goingtohospitalcanbevery____________(frighten)forachild.8.Shemayprove____________(be)themostsuitablepersonforthejob.9.Theshoppingmallis____________walkingdistance,andIalmostwalkthereeveryotherday.10.Anychangeinlifestylewillhaveagreateffect____________yourhealth.【答案】1.concentration2.extremely;effective3.concerned4.energetic5.slightly6.slimmer7.frightening8.tobe9.within10.on/uponⅢ.选择合适的短语完成句子passout,makearecovery,goonadiet,ratherthan,slimdown,sideeffect,takein,getintoshape,berushedto,beharmfulto1.Toomuchscreentime________________oureyes.2.Shefeltasifshewasgoingto______________，soshestoppedtohavearest.3.Iwasangrythathepreferredtostayathomedoingnothing______________gotoseeafilmwithme.4.Thedoctorsareconfidentthathe'll________________.It'sjustamatteroftime.5.Nowadaysmostgirls,whetheroverweightorwithanormalweight,alwayswantto______________.6.Themorefatyou________________beforebedtime,thegreaterburdenyouwillhaveonyourbodyatnight.7.Thedoctorsayshehastotakemoreexerciseand______________toloseweight.8.Oneofthe________________ofmodernlifeistoomuchstress.9.Theywonthegame,butDavidhadto______________thehospitaltohavehisfootlookedat.10.Ifyoujoinayogaorkickboxingclass,youwillnotonly________________butalsobearoundthesamepeopleseveraltimesaweekandquicklygettoknowthem.【答案】1.isharmfulto2.passout3.ratherthan4.makearecovery5.slimdown6.takein7.goonadiet8.sideeffects9.berushedto10.getintoshapeⅣ.完成句子1.老师向学生们展示了操作这台机器的方法。Theteachershowedstudentstheway________________________________________________________________________.2.在一个计算机无处不在的社会，学习正确打字可以提高效率和生产率。Ina__________________computersareusedfornearlyeverything,learninghowtotypecorrectlywillincreaseefficiencyandproductivity.3.地球表面大约三分之一被陆地覆盖。About____________________________________byland.4.我是玛丽的最好的朋友，她现在处于困境中。我没有理由不帮她。I'mMary'sbestfriendandsheisnowinneed.____________________Ishouldnothelpher.5.那两个人后来被发现是骗子。Thetwomen______________________________．【答案】1.tooperatethemachine/ofoperatingthemachine2.societywhere3.onethirdoftheearth'ssurfaceiscovered4.Tved(tobe)cheatsⅤ.课文语法填空Jenniferwasfoundtohave1.________(dangerous)lowbloodsugarlevelsandwastreatedimmediatelyaftershewasrushed2.________hospital.She3.________(miss)breakfastthatdayandhardlytouchedherdinnerthenightbefore4.________shethoughtthat5.________(skip)mealswouldbeasimplewaytoreachhertargetweight.Jennifer'scaseisa6.________(remind)ofthedangersofunhealthyweight­losshabits.Healthexpertsare7.________(concern)aboutit.Itisimportanttohave8.________healthybalanceddiet.Teenagersarestillgrowingandtheirbodiesneedalotofnutrition9.________(function)well.What'smore,theyshouldkeepregularhoursandgetplentyofexercisetostay10.________(energy)andfit.【答案】1.dangerously2.to3.missed4.because5.skipping6.reminder7.concerned8.a9.tofunction10.energeticⅥ.阅读理解A主题语境运动与健康(2020－2021·河北省衡水市第十四中学高一上学期)Teenagers'fitnessisnowamajorconcern,andphysicalexerciseisveryimportant.Itreducesstressandimprovesfitness.Exercisemakesyourbodystrong,andhelpsyoutokeeptherightbodyweight.SportsscientistDr.HelenLopezoffersthefollowingadvicetoteenagers:“First,youneedtofindoutyourpresentleveloffitness.Thenyoucandesignaprogrammethatwillhelpyoubecomehealthier.”Dr.Lopezsuggeststhattherearethreelevelsoffitnessthatneedachangeoflifestyle.“Overweight”meansthatthepersongetsverylittleexerciseandoftenhasaseriousweightproblem.“Inactive”meansthatthepersondoesnotjoininmanyphysicalactivities,butisnotseriouslyoverweight.“Active”referstopeoplewhotakepartinsportsandotherphysicalactivities,butdonothaveahighfitnesslevel.AccordingtoDr.Lopez,overweightteenagersshouldworkouttokeephealthy.“Rideabike,playvolleyballorbasketballforawhile,andgoforatwenty­minutewalkeachday.Allthesewillhelptoburncalories.”Inactiveteenagersshoulddosimilaractivities,butaddsomebendingandstretchingexercises,suchaspush­upsandsit­ups,startingwithtwentyofeachaday.“Inactivepeoplecantakealittlemoreexercisethanoverweightpeoplebecausetheirbodiesarestronger，”Dr.Lopezsaid.Thesameruleappliesto(适用于)activeteenagers.Dr.Lopezsuggestsonehouraweekormoreonrunningandotherformsofintensiveexercise,togetherwithfifteenminutesadayspentonstretchingandbendingactivities.“Thesearereallyimportantinordertopreventinjuries，”Dr.Lopezsaid.Someweight­trainingandotherbody­strengtheningexercisescouldalsobeplannedintheprogrammeinordertoincreasetheperson'sstrength.1.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Activepeoplealwayshaveahighfitnesslevel.B.Overweightpeoplealwaystakemoreexercise.C.Inactiveteenagersdonothaveseriousproblemwiththeirweight.D.Keepingfitmeanschangingteenagers'lifestyle.2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedinthetext?A.Physicalexercisecanincreaseteenagers'strength.B.Physicalexercisecanhelpteenagersbecomehealthier.C.Physicalexercisecanhelptoburnupcalories.D.Physicalexercisecanmaketheteenagersgrowtaller.3.Whatexerciseshouldpeopledoinordertopreventinjuries?A.Walking.B.Stretchingandbending.C.Riding.D.Weighttraining.4.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.DoingExerciseB.OverweightTeenagersC.DifferentLifestylesD.Teenagers'Fitness【答案及解析】本文是一篇说明文。青少年的健康是非常重要的，作者在文中针对不同类型青少年的健康问题给出了一些具体的运动方案。1.C细节理解题。由第二段第三句“‘Inactive’meansthatthepersondoesnotjoininmanyphysicalactivities,butisnotseriouslyoverweight.”可知，不活跃的青少年超重不是很严重。2．D细节理解题。根据首段末句、第三段第三句“Allthesewillhelptoburncalories.”以及末段末句可知，A、B、C项在文中都提到了，文中并没有提到体育运动可以让青少年长高。3．B细节理解题。由倒数第二段Dr.Lopez所说的内容可知，为了避免受伤，人们可以做一些拉伸和弯曲运动。4．D主旨大意题。本文在首段提出“Teenagers'fitnessisnowamajorconcern,andphysicalexerciseisveryimportant.”然后分析了青少年中存在的几种健康状况并且给出了一些具体的运动方案。由此可知这篇文章主要是讲青少年的健康问题，所以D选项为最佳标题。B主题语境饮食与健康Howdoyoulikeyourmilk:cookedorraw(生的，未煮的)?Itmaysoundastrangequestion,butit'sbeingaskedmoreoftenatkitchentables,grocerystoresandfarmers'marketsacrosstheUS.Thevastmajorityofmilkwedrinkisheat­treatedtokilloffharmfulbacteria(细菌).Rawmilk,ontheotherhand,goesstraighttobottle.Fanscallitmilkasnatureintended:nutrient­richandfullofagoodkindofbacteria.Somefansgofurther,callingitasuperfoodthataidsdigestion(消化),benefitstheimmunesystemandtreatssomediseases.Anincreasingnumberofpeopleagree.Forhealth­conscious,organic­lovingshoppers,rawmilkisagrowingfoodtrend.Theyfeeluneasyatthethoughtofheatedmilksittingundersupermarketlighting.Butdespitetheenthusiasm,it'satrendwithaterribleside.Pasteurization(加热杀菌)isareason—it'shighlyeffectiveatkillingsomeharmfulthingsthatcanhangaroundinthebodyofevenhealthycows.Rawmilk,ontheotherhand,reliesheavilyontheskillofthefarmertoavoidthem.Rawmilkillnesseshaveincreasedasmorepeopledrinkit.Between2010and2019,rawmilkandrawmilkcheesecausedthevastmajority(96%)ofallillnesseslinkedtodairyproducts.Consideringfarfewerpeopleconsumeit,thatmakesunpasteurizeddairy840timesmoreriskythanpasteurized.TherecentdeathsoftwopeoplewhoaterawmilkcheesemadeinNewYorkunderscoredthesometimesdeadlyconsequences.Andforyoungchildren,whoseunderdevelopedimmunesystemsmakethemmorevulnerable(易受伤害的),thedangersofrawmilkmakeithardtorecommend.5.Whydoesmostmilkthatpeopledrinkisheat­treated?A.Toaddsomeusefulbacteria.B.Tomakeittastemoredelicious.C.Tomakeitsaferforpeopletodrink.D.Tomakeithaveabetterappearance.6.Whichofthefollowingisareasonforrawmilknotbeingaccepted?A.It'snotgoodforpeople'shealth.B.Itmaycontainsomethingharmful.C.It'softenputundermarketlighting.D.Itcomesfromunhealthycows.7.Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythistextappear?A.Entertainment.B.Health.C.Education.D.Politics.8.Whatisthebesttitleofthetext?A.BenefitsofRawMilkB.HowtoTelltheQualityofMilkC.ReasonsforChoosingHeatedMilkD.RawMilk:aSuperFoodorSuperRisk【答案及解析】本文是说明文，主要介绍了我们喝的绝大多数牛奶都经过热处理以杀死有害细菌，对于注重健康、热爱有机食品的购物者来说，生牛奶是一种日益增长的食品趋势，但这种趋势也有可怕的一面，即生牛奶疾病也越来越多。5.C细节理解题。根据第二段“Thevastmajorityofmilkwedrinkisheat­treatedtokilloffharmfulbacteria.”可知，大多数人喝的牛奶经过热处理的原因是为了让人们喝牛奶更安全。6.B细节理解题。根据最后一段“Rawmilkillnesseshaveincreasedasmorepeopledrinkit.”可知，生牛奶不被接受的原因是它可能包含有害的东西。7.B文章出处题。纵观全文可知，本文主要介绍了我们喝的绝大多数牛奶都经过加热杀菌，生牛奶是一种日益增长的食品趋势，但这种趋势也有可怕的一面，生牛奶疾病也越来越多，这属于健康饮食范畴，因此这篇文章可能出现在报纸的健康版面。8．D主旨大意题。纵观全文可知，本文主要介绍了我们喝的绝大多数牛奶都经过热处理以杀死有害细菌，对于注重健康、热爱有机食品的购物者来说，生牛奶是一种日益增长的食品趋势，但这种趋势也有可怕的一面，生牛奶疾病也越来越多。因此这篇课文最好的标题是：生牛奶：超级食物还是超级风险？Ⅶ.七选五阅读IsDietingOKforKids?Youmayknowsomeadultsandkidswhoworryabouttheirweightandsaytheyaregoingonadiet.Youmightwonderifyoushouldbeonadiet,too.1.______Why?Let'sfindout.DietingtoLoseWeight.2．______Whensomeonedietstoloseweight,thepersonistryingtoeatfewercaloriesthanthebodyuses.Bydoingthis,thepersonmaylosebodyfatanddecreasehisorherweight.Similarly,ifapersoneatsmorecaloriesthanthebodyuses,thepersonmaygainweight.Kidsusuallydonotneedtodietinthisway.3.______Duringthistime,kidsneedmanykindsofhealthyfoodstokeeptheirbodiesgrowingproperly.Somekidsareoverweight,butevenoverweightkidsoftencanimprovetheirhealthsimplybyeatingnutritiousfoodsandbeingmoreactive.4.______Butkidsmayhurttheirhealthevenmorebydoingsomethingdrastic(极端的),likeskippingmealsordecidingtoeatonlyvegetables.WhoNeedstoDiet?Thoughsomepeoplemayfeeltheyweightoomuchortoolittle,thereisnoperfectbodyshape.Somepeoplehavebiggerbonesandwillalwayslookbiggerandheavierthanpeoplewithsmallerbones.5．______Yourdoctorcanexamineyouandcheckyourbodymassindex(身体质量指数).That'sawayofestimatinghowmuchbodyfatyouhave.Ifthedoctorisconcernedaboutyourweight,heorshecanrecommendacoupleofgoals.Forsomekids,thedoctormayrecommendlosingsomeweight,butthisshouldbedonewiththedoctor'shelp.Kidswhoneedtoloseweightmayvisitwithadietitianwhocanexplainhowtoreducecaloriessafelywhilestillgettingallthenecessarynutrients.A.Itisimportanttoformagoodeatinghabit.B.Beingoverweightcancausehealthproblems.C.Noteatingproperlycanbeveryharmfultokids.D.Unlikeadults,kidsarestillgrowinganddeveloping.E.Talktoyourdoctorifyouhavequestionsaboutyourweight.F.Allfoodsandmanydrinkscontaincalories,akindofenergy.G.However,mostofkidsdonotneedtoandshouldnotdietthisway.【答案及解析】本文是一篇说明文。一些成年人和孩子担心自己的体重，会通过节食来减肥。文章叙述了孩子们通常不需要节食、小孩节食的后果、什么人需要节食以及担心体重问题可以咨询医生等。1.G根据上文可知，一些成年人和孩子担心自己的体重，想要节食。再结合下文，叙述了孩子们通常不需要这样节食、小孩节食的后果、什么人需要节食等，推知空白处是转折部分，建议小孩不应该节食。故选G项。2.F下文“Whensomeonedietstoloseweight,thepersonistryingtoeatfewercaloriesthanthebodyuses.(当有人节食减肥时，他试图摄入比身体消耗的更少的卡路里)”与F.Allfoodsandmanydrinkscontaincalories,akindofenergy.(所有的食物和饮料都含有卡路里——一种能量)承接自然，前后两句是因果关系。因为所有的食物和饮料都含有卡路里，所以节食时，人试图摄入比身体消耗的更少的卡路里，即摄入更少的食物。故选F项。3.D由上一句“Kidsusuallydonotneedtodietinthisway.”和下一句“Duringthistime,kidsneedmanykindsofhealthyfoodstokeeptheirbodiesgrowingproperly.”可知，孩子不需要节食，因为孩子与成年人不同，还在长身体，需要多种健康的食物保持身体的正常生长，由此推测设空处应起承上启下的作用。故选D项。4.B由上一句“Somekidsareoverweight,butevenoverweightkidsoftencanimprovetheirhealthsimplybyeatingnutritiousfoodsandbeingmoreactive.”和下一句“Butkidsmayhurttheirhealthevenmorebydoingsomethingdrastic(极端的),likeskippingmealsordecidingtoeatonlyvegetables.”可知，设空处应起承上启下的作用，B.Beingoverweightcancausehealthproblems.“超重会引起健康问题”切题。故选B项。5.E分析段落结构可知，设空处为小标题。由下文的内容可知，本段讲述如果你对自己的体重有疑问，可以跟医生交谈。故选E项。Ⅷ.完形填空OverthelastsummerIvolunteeredatasummercampforchildrenaged5through12.EverydayforsixweeksI__1__pedal(踏板)powertoconquer(征服)thehillknownonlyasDepot.OnceIarrivedatAbbotSchoolat7:30,Ibeganmyseven­hourdayofcleaning,entertainingandothers.Byhelpingthesekidsandworkingwithothercounselors(辅导员),Iwasabletodevelopabetter__2__ofresponsibilitynotjustformyself,butforthosearoundme.InthebeginningIhelpedwitha__3__oftwelve­year­olds.Ihadalotoffunbecausetheywerethemostmature__4__，andIcouldrelatetothem.Theydidn'tneedasmuchhelpastheyoungerkidssothedirectorofthecampswitchedmedowntosix­year­olds.Forthe__5__fewyearsIhadbeentoanadventurecampinthewoodsofMaine.ThereIparticipatedinrafting,rock­climbing,andsea­kayaking.Butnothingcouldhave__6__meforworkingnon­stopwith15six­year­olds.Fromfightsoverbattingordertowhogottosip(小口喝)fromthewaterfountain__7__，wewereinaconstant__8__ofnoise.Icouldnowunderstandwhyparentsalwaysseemedto__9__asighofreliefastheydroppedofftheirlittlebundlesofenergyeverymorning.ForthefirstsummerIwasdoingsomethingthat__10__someoneelse,andIfoundmore__11__inthatthananywastedbreezydayofsummerspast.Duringthisuniqueopportunityofgivinga__12__partofmysummer,Iwasabletogetbacksomuchmore.Ilearnedhowmuchmytimeisreally__13__andhowtotakeresponsibilityformyselfandespeciallyothers.Ilearnedhowdifferenteachindividualisandhowneeds__14__.IgainedmoreconfidencewhenIrealizedIcould__15__intherealworld.1.A.usedB.producedC.wastedD.demanded2.A.knowledgeB.senseC.dutyD.sight3.A.gradeB.groupC.classD.pack4.A.campersB.volunteersC.teachersD.guides5.A.nextB.oldC.previousD.future6.A.preventedB.restrictedC.advisedD.prepared7.A.directlyB.firstC.politelyD.slow8.A.spiritB.viewC.stateD.shape9.A.bringaboutB.resultfromC.findoutD.letout10.A.defeatedB.benefitedC.regrettedD.interested11.A.opportunityB.relationshipC.differenceD.satisfaction12.A.smallB.valuableC.boringD.major13.A.shortB.worthC.necessaryD.unique14.A.varyB.improveC.increaseD.develop15.A.createB.struggleC.appearD.survive【答案及解析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者讲述了去年夏天，自己在一个5到12岁儿童的夏令营当志愿者的经历。这次经历使作者收获了许多，受益匪浅。1．A句意：在六个星期里，我每天都用踏板的力量去征服那座被称为Depot的小山。A.used用；B．pr