2018非谓语动词精讲精练

PAGEPAGE42018北京高考考点非谓语动词形式精讲与精练应试口诀：现在分词表主动和进行；过去分词表被动和完成；不定式表目的和将来。一．现在分词1.现在分词作状语现在分词作状语可以表示时间(=when，assoonas)、原因(=as,since,because)、结果(=sothat)、条件(=if,unless)、让步(=though,evenif)等1)Arrivingattheschool,Ifoundmyclassmatesalreadyintheirplaces,readytobegintheclass.2)Hearingthecryforhelp,theyallrushedout.3)Hisparentsdied,leavinghimalotofmoney.4)Weweresittingbythewindow,talkingaboutwhathappenedyesterday.5)Agroupofchildrenranoutoftheclassroom,laughingandtalkinghappily.6)Havinghadsupper,hewentoutforawalk.7)HavinglivedinBeijingfor10yearsheknowsthecityquitewell.8)Beingaskedtogiveaperformance,shecouldn’tverywellrefuse.9)Beingprotectedbyathickwall,theyfeltquitesafe.10)Havingbeengivensuchagoodchance,hewouldn’tgiveituptoothers.11)Havingbeenpraisedbytheteacher,theboywasverypleased.2.现在分词作作宾补现在分词作宾补表示动作正在发生（即处于发生的过程中，还没有结束，或是一个反复进行的动作）see,hear,notice,watch,keep,find,get,have,feel,listento,lookat,observe,catch,discover,leave,1）Suddenlyheheardsomeoneknockinggentlyonthewindow.2）I’msorrytohavekeptyouwaiting.3）Doyouseeagirlrunningtowardsus?4）Thelostboywasseenplayingintheriver.5）Hiswordsleftmewonderingwhathewasdrivingat.6)Ioftencatchhimsleepinginclass.二．过去分词过去分词作状语分词可作时间、条件、结果、原因、伴随等状语，现在分词作状语，表示主动或进行的动作，过去分词状语表示被动或完成的动作，此时分词的逻辑主语是主句的主语，应注意人称、时态和语态的一致性。原因:Encouragedbytheteacher,thestudentsworkedstillharderthanever.Hesoonfellasleep,tiredbythejourney.Bornintoapoorfamily,hehadtodopart-timejobswhenhewasatschool.Senttohospitalwithoutdelay,thechildwassavedatlast.时间:Seenfromthehill,thecitylooksverybeautiful.Drivenoutofthehouse,thecatclimbedupthetree.Heated,themetalexpands.Leftaloneintheroom,theboybegantocry条件:Givenmoretime,wecouldhavedoneitbetter.Takenintime,themedicinewillbequiteeffective.Lookedatinanotherway,itisaproblemofgreatimportance.Permittedtodoitoncemore,Tomcouldhavedoneabetterjob.伴随:Heturnedaway,greatlydisappointed.Theprofessorcameintothelab,followedbyagroupofthestudents.“OK,”hesaid,pleased.Hecametogreetus,dressedasabusinessman.Theygothomefinally,tiredandhungry.特例bedressedin;beinterestedin;bepreparedfor;bedisappointedat;becrowdedwith;befilledwith;bepleasedwith;beamazedat;becaughtin;beabsorbedin;besatisfiedwith;belostinthought;beconcernedabout;bedevotedto;betrappedin;bestuckin;beannoyedwith……2.过去分词作宾补过去分词作宾补与宾语构成逻辑上的动宾关系，与补充说明的成分之间有被动或完成意义。带过去分词作宾补的动词常见的有：A.表示感官和心理状态的动词see,hear,watch,lookat,listento,notice,observe,find,feel,considerShewasverygladtoseehersonwelllookedafter.IhaveneverheardthesongsunginEnglish.Hewassurprisedtofindhisroomcleaned.Hedidn’tnoticehiswalletstolen.choose,decide,demand,desire,determine,expect,fail,hope,manage,offer,plan,pretend,promise,refuse,resolve,threaten,wish,want等。2.动词不定式（短语）作宾语补足语或在被动语态中作主语补足语We'dloveyoutogiveusahand.我们想让你帮个忙。Hewasmadetorepairthebrokenchair.要他修理弄坏的椅子。

Shewasseentodrawawonderfulpicture.有人见她作了幅美丽的画儿。注意：

1）在一些动词后，用作宾语补语的动词不定式符号to要省略掉。这类动词包括感官动词以及使役动词，如feel,spot,lookat,listento,observe,see,hear,watch,notice,have,make,let等。但如果句子为被动语态，动词不定式（短语）为主补时，要带to（let除外）。

Iheardhersingasonginthenextroomyesterday.我昨天听见她在隔壁唱过一首歌。（Shewasheardtosingasonginthenextroomyesterday.）

IhadJohnfixmybike.我让约翰修理我的自行车。Theboywasmadetogotobedearly.这男孩被迫早上床睡觉。

Shewasseentowalkintotheclassroomwithabookunderherarm.有人看见她胳臂下夹着一本书走进了教室。动词不定式（短语）作定语Whenthequestionwasout,hewasthefirstonetoraisehishand.问题一提出，他第一个举起手。

IamafraidIcannotattendyourparty,forIhavetoomanythingstodo.[表将来]恐怕我不能参加你的晚会了,因为我有好多事情要做。注意：

a.当被修饰的是不定代词如everything,anything,much,little等，或被修饰的名词前被形容词最高级，序数词，theonly等强调结构修饰时，非谓语动词作定语则只能用动词不定式。

Hewasthelasttorealizetheimportanceofthisproblem.他没有及时意识到问题的重要性。Heisalwaysthefirsttocomeandthelasttoleave.b.下列名词后用不定式作定语。chancedecisionwishpromiseplantimeattempteffortrightabilitypatienceHehadnotimetothinkaboutrest.Isthatthebestwaytosolvetheproblem.作目的状语Thewholefamilycameouttoseemyperformance.全家人出来看我表演。Hecalledtosaygoodbye.他打电话来道别。Tocatchthefirstbus,LiLeistartedoutearly.I’mheretotellyouapieceofgoodnews.

四．动名词考点：1.作主语Readingisanart.读书是一种艺术。Climbingmountainsisreallyfun.爬山真是有趣Workingintheseconditionsisnotapleasurebutasuffer.在这种工作条件下工作不是一件愉快的事而是一件痛苦的事。Swimmingisagoodsportinsummer.2.作宾语下列动词或短语后只能用动名词作宾语advise,allow,permit,avoid,consider,enjoy,finish,giveup,cannothelp,imagine,include,keep,keepon,mind,miss,putoff,delay,practise,resist,suggest,dependon,thinkabout,setabout,succeedin,worryabout,burstout,insiston,can’tstand,beusedto,getusedto,devote…to…,lookforwardto,payattentionto,getdownto,escape等。下列动词后用不定式和动名词作宾语意思不同trymeanrememberforgetregretgoon2015北京高考各区一模二模非谓语动词专练1.Duringtheweekend,thehealthclubisusuallyfullofpeople_____togetinshape.A.try B.tried C.trying D.havingtried【东城区一模】2.–Canyougivemearide?–Sorry.Thereisnoroom_____inmycar.【东城区一模】A.toleave B.leaving C.left D.beingleft3.–Goodnews!There’sasupermarket_____inthisareanextmonth!–Cool!Itwillbeconvenientforuswhenit’sopen!【东城区一模】A.building B.built C.havingbuilt D.tobebuilt4.InChina,NewYear'sDayisn'tabigmoment______withtheSpringFestival． A．comparingB．compared【西城区一模】C．tocompareD．beingcompared5.Mygrannydoescrosswordpuzzleseachday______hermindsharp．【西城区一模】 A．tokeep B．keptC．havingkeptD．tobekept6.Anewlearningcenterhasbeenbuiltintheschool,______studentstogettoknowtheworldmoreeasily．【西城区一模】 A．allowB．allowed C．toallowD．allowing7.opniosonthescheule,einllyrachdonareeent.【海淀区一模】.aingexchaned.Exchaning.Exchned .oexcane8.ieillbecoeterstpesoninisaily clleeeuctin.【海淀区一模】.fnihed .haingfinshed .fiising .toinsh9.PreieriKeiangdeieredaspechthecoerece, uniestyraduatstotatthironusnes.【海淀区一模】.encuraing.toecouae.haingencouraed.encoraed10.Although___fromillnessesforyears,theoldladystillfacesherdaywithasmile. A．suffered B．havingsuffered 【石景山区一模】C．suffering D．havingbeensuffered11.ThenewsoftwareEmperor’sOneDaygiveschildrenthechance___lifeasaruler. A．experienced B．toexperience 【石景山区一模】C．beingexperienced D．havingexperienced12.Weareeagertoseeconcretemeasuresagainstsmog_______inthenearfuture. A．taken B．beingtaken 【石景山区一模】C．totake D．take13.Tommadeanexcellentspeechwithout_______hisnotesevenforonce. A．referredto B．beingreferredto【石景山区一模】C．referringto D．havingreferredto14.Thefood_inthiswaykeepsfresh．【丰台区一模】A．prepare B．preparing C．toprepare D．prepared15._tothehouseowner,thedesignerhadaclearideaofwhattodo．【丰台区一模】A．Totalk B．Talked C．Havingtalked D．Beingtalked16.WheneverI'mintrouble,Ihearavoice_inmyhead“Youcandoit．"【丰台区一模】 A．toring B．ringing C．rung D．havingrung17.Theroad_nextweekleadstoHighway62．【丰台区一模】A．building B．tobuild C．tobebuilt D．built18.Inordertokeepfit,theoldmanmakesitarule_____forawalkaftersuppereveryday.【朝阳区一模】A.goingB.togoC.goD.gone19.Oh!Icanfeelsomething_____upmyleg!Itmustbeaninsect.【朝阳区一模】A.toclimbB.climbingC.climbD.climbed20.Comparisonmaymakesomethingappearmorebeautifulthanitiswhen_____alone.【朝阳区一模】A.seenB.seeingC.seeD.tosee21.Sparingnothoughtforherownsafety,shedivedintotheriver______thechild.A.saving B.beingsaved 【东城区二模】C.tosave D.tobesaved22.—Whataboutgoingbycoach?It’scheapandcomfortable.【东城区二模】—Ifwewentthatway,itwouldmean______moretimethangoingbytrain.A.tospend B.spending C.spent D.beingspent23.Janethasworkedinthemanager’sofficeforfiveyears,______withlettersanddocuments.A.deal B.dealt 【东城区二模】C.dealing D.tohavedealt24.___hereifyouwanttogetabetterviewofthemountainscenery.【丰台区二模】A.Tocome B.Coming C.ComesD.Come25.Johnbroughtovermyletter_______tohimbymistake.【丰台区二模】A.delivered B.tobedelivered C.delivering D.havingdelivered26.___________inhardseatsfor6hours,wefinallysteppedoutofthetraintiredly.A.Sitting B.Havingsat 【丰台区二模】C.Tosit D.Sit27.MoYangrewup_________folktalesthathadbeentoldforcenturiesinhishometown.【丰台区二模】A.listeningto B.listenedtoC.listento D.tolistento28.Workingasamanager,Rebeccafoundithard______betweenworkandherfamily.A.balancing B.tobalance 【西城区二模】C.tohavebalanced D.havingbalanced29.______fullpreparations,Tonywasquiteconfidentaboutthecominginterview.【西城区二模】A.Make B.Made C.Tomake D.Havingmade30.Once______,thebookwillsurelyattractreaders’attentionsinceitisrelatedtopeople’shealth.【西城区二模】A.publishing B.havingpublished C.published D.topublish31._____thetripfromAlaskatoArgentinabybike,GreggandBrooksworkedandsavedmoneyforyears.【朝阳区二模】 A.Topayfor B.Payingfor C.Paidfor D.Payfor32.____allmymoneyonthecar,Ican’taffordaholidaywithmyfriendthissummer.A.Spending B.Spend 【朝阳区二模】 C.Tospend D.Havingspent33.Anexercisemethod_____toimprovestrengthandbalanceisbecomingpopularintheUnitedStates. A.designing B.designed 【朝阳区二模】 C.tobedesigned D.beingdesigned34.Wataeourhobes?—yhobbisicldendieraure.【海淀区二模】A.ocok B.cok C.coked D.cokig35.WhydoouantogooheSaes?— ,si.【海淀区二模】A.oael B.aeling C.aeled D.ael36.penourhear,andouillmkeoursefbeer .【海淀区二模】A.knon B.Knoing C.oknow D.know2016北京高考动名词专项训练1.Whenyou’relearningtodrive,________agoodteachermakesabigdifference.A.have B.having C.andhave D.andhaving2.Beforeyoudecidetoleaveyourjob,________theeffectitwillhaveonyourfamily.A.consider B.considering C.toconsider D.considered3.Remember________offthelightwhen________tobed.A.turning,goingB.toturn,togo C.turning,togo D.toturn,going4.Ifthecarwon’tstart,________it.A.trypush B.trypushing C.totrypushing D.totrytopush5.Onelearnsalanguagebymaking\o""mistakes

and________them.A.correct B.correcting C.corrects D.tocorrect6.Whileshopping,peoplesometimescan’thelp________intobuyingsomethingtheydon’treallyneed.A.topersuadeB.persuading C.beingpersuaded D.bepersuaded7.Onceyourbusinessbecomesinternational,