2021年广西桂林、崇左市高考英语调研试卷

2021年广西桂林、崇左市高考英语调研试卷（3月份）

一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共30.0分）

A

AmericanHistoryMuseum

PowerMachinery

ReopensMay29,2016-Permanent

Location：1stFloor,EastWing

Bythelate19thcentury,America'sIndustrialRevolutionwasmovinghillsteamahead.This

hallfollowsthedevelopmentoftheincreasinglyefficientpowermachinerythathelpedthe

UnitedStatesbecomeaworldleaderinindustrialproductionduringthistime.

PortraitGallery

Lincoln'sContemporaries

May13,2016-May12,2019

Location：1stFloor,NorthWing,MeserveConidor

ThisexhibitionfeaturesMathewBrady'sportraitsoftwentyfamouspersons-fromshowman

P.T.BariumandinventorSamuelMorsetomusicianTeresaCarreonandclergymanHenry

WardBeecher-whoreflectthediversityofAmericanintellectualandculturallifeduring

Lincoln'spresidency.

SmithsonianDesignMuseum

EnergizingtheEveryday：GiftsfromtheGeorgeR.KravisIICollection

April28,2016-March12,2017

Location：2ndFloor

EnergizingtheEverydaycelebratestheexceptionalgiftsfromleadingcollectorGeorgeR.

Kiavis11toCooperHewitt,SmithsonianDesignMuseum.Fromradiostofurniture,the

exhibitiondisplayssomeofthemostinfluentialobjectsinthehistoryofmodernism,alongside

someworksdrawnfromthemuseum'scollection.

1.Wherewillyougoifyouareinterestedinmachineproducing?

A.AmericanHistoryMuseum.B.AmericanArtMuseum.

C.PortraitGallery.D.SmithsonianDesignMuseum.

2.WhatcanyouseeatPortraitGallery?

A.Alotofancientfurniture.

B.ImportantAmericaninventions.

C.Portraitsofsomecelebrities.

D.ThegiftsofLincoln'spresidency.

3.WhogavespecialgiftstoSmithsonianDesignMuseum?

A.MartinPuryear.B.MathewBrady.

C.CooperHewitt.D.GeorgeR.KravisII.

B

EmmaMorano,theoldestlivingperson,celebratedher117thbirthdayonTuesday.

Friends,neighborsandherdoctorjoinedMoranoinhersmallapartmenthomeinthenorthern

ItalianmountaintownofVerbania.

SheblewoutthreecandlesonherBirthdaycake.Eachcandlerepresentedanumberinherage.

ShereceivedagreetingfromItaly'spresident,SergioMattarella.Hewishedherpeaceand

continuedgoodhealth.

EmmaMoranoisthoughttobethelastlivingpersonborninthe1800s.Sheoullivadallher

brothersandsisters,includingonewhodiedatage102.HerdoctornotedthatwhenMorano

wasyoung,peopleusedtosayshewasweakandoftensick.Whilesheisluckytohavelivedso

long,partsofherlifewere"notsonice".Sheworkedinafactoryuntilsheretiredatage65.

ThefirstmanMoranoplannedtomanydiedinWorldWarOne.Then,atage26,shemarried

anotherman.Shehadason,hutdiedafterthebirth,whichwasagreatshocktoher.However,

shethoughtshedidn'tloseeverything.Shelookedafterherselfwellandwasinvolvedin

differentsocialactivities.

EmmaMoranosaysoneofhersecretstolivinglongiseatingatleasttwouncookedeggsevery

day.HerdoctorowesMorano'slonglifetoherunusualdiet,hergenesandpositiveoutlookon

life.

4.Emmainhersixties.

A.becamestrongerB.washealthy

C.stoppedworkingD.movedtoacity

5.Theunderlinedword"outlived0inParagraph3probablymeans.

A.livedmorehealthilythanB.livedlongerthan

C.livedmorehappilythanD.livedmorecomfortablythan

6.WhendidMoranomarriedanotherman?

第2页，共21页

A.attheageofsixty-five.

B.whenshehadajobinafactory.

C.duringWorldWarOne.

D.whenshewastwenty-six.

7.WhatcontributestoEmmaMorano'slonglifeintheopinionofherdoctor?

A.Enoughexerciseandgene.

B.Eatingeggseveryday.

C.Enoughexerciseandsleep.

D.Thegene,eatinghabitandattitudetowardlife.

c

Weallknowemployeestalk,andthingscanneverremaintotallysecret.Butadirectdiscussion

aboutsalarydetailsprobablyisn'tthebestidea.

Thereareorganizationsthatopenlysharesalaryinformationaroundtheoffice.However,

unlessallsimilarjobspaythesamerate,peopleadvisethatopensalaryconceptsdonotwork

well.

Whencompanieshavedifferentemployeesonthesamejobandoneofthemispaiddifferently,

manyunfairnessissuessurface.Itcanhappeninanycompanythatdifferentiates（区分）payfor

anyreasonlikeseniorityandperformance.Youshouldruntheriskofcausingadistance

betweenyouandyourcolleaguesiftheylearnyouearnmoreforwhattheythinktobethesame

job.

Thesecretnatureofyoursalary,infact,canbeagreaterbenefittoyou.Itcreatesanopportunity

foramanagertohaveapersonaldiscussionwithemployeesastowhytheyarebeingpaidwhat

theyareandhowtheycanthenmoveforwardwithconfidencethattheyhavedevelopeda

"special"relationshipwiththeirsupervisor（主管）ontheirindividualissues,goodandbad,

withoutinvolvingothersintheprocess.

Ifyoulearnthatsomeonewhoholdsasimilarpositionearnsabiggerpaycheck,don'tpanic.

First,dosomeduediligencetodetermineifyouarebeingunderpaidingeneral.UsetheInternet

salarycalculator,andalsoreachouttoyourout-of-officenetworktofindouthowpeopleat

othercompaniesarebeingcompensated.Next,you'dbettergotoyourbossandaskthereasons.

Openarationaldialogtounderstandwhatskillsorexperienceyou'llneedtoimproveyour

performanceandearnmorerecognitionandfinancialrewards.

8.Whatcouldhappenifyourcolleagueslearnedthatyouarepaidmore?

A.Theymightbecomelessfriendlytoyou.

B.Yoursalarymightbereducedsoon.

C.Theymightbadlyperformintheirwork.

D.Youmightbegivenextrajobs.

9.Whatistheadvantageofkeepingsalaryinformationsecret?

A.Itinspiresyoutomakegreaterprogressinyourwork.

B.Itwarnsyoutoworkhardertomakemoremoney.

C.Itgivesthemanagerachancetocommunicatewithyou.

D.Itprovesthemanagertreatsallhisemployeesequally.

10.Whatisthepurposeofthelastparagraph?

A.Totellabouthowtogetalongwiththeboss.

B.Toshowhowtokeepsilentabouttheproblem.

C.Tourgeemployeestoarguewiththeboss.

D.Tosuggestwaystodealwiththeproblem.

11.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?

A.Personalrelationship.B.Salarysecret.

C.Colleaguepressure.D.Salarydifference.

D

ComhasbeenasignificantpartinAmericanfoodsincebeforeEuropeanarrival.AftertheCivil

War,grits（粗玉米粉）,whicharemadeoutofcom,becameadietmainstay（支柱）because

water-poweredmillsturnedup.Theywererelativelyinexpensiveandcouldbeeatenwith

almostanything,makingitpossibleforeveryonetoenjoy.

Gritsareusuallycookedwithwater,creamandbutteroverthecourseofmanyhours.Therecan

bevariedtypesofgritsfromsmoothtograiny.Thereareeveninstantgritsforthosewithoutthe

hourstocook.Worthnotingisthatsugarisnottypicallyadded.

Gritscanbeservedforbreakfast,lunchanddinner,butthey'recommonlyusedasabase,

usuallytoppedwithseafoodandadelicioussauce.It'sadisheatenbyeveryonefromsitting

presidentstoblue-collarworkersinavarietyofways,bothinfinediningrestaurantsandoily

spoons.

Shrimpandgritsisthemostwell-knowndishincorporatinggrits,especiallyincoastalareas

likeCharleston,SouthCarolina.Itwasoriginallyafisherman'sbreakfast,aheartymealbefore

第4页，共21页

alongdayofwork,andtoday,it'sfoundonmenusthroughoutthenation.

Chefshavealsobecomecreativewiththedish,addingmodemelementstothetraditional.

MashamaBaileyhasafoiegras(鹅肝酱)andgritsdishatTheGreyinSavannah,Georgia.

EdwardLeehasprepareditliketheporridgehisKoreanparentscookedduringhisgrowing

up,butusesKentucky'sWiesenbergergrits.NathalieDupreehasmadehercareeronthedish

withhercookbooktitled"ShrimpandGrits",whileVirginiaWillishasappropriatelytitled

“Grits”.

12.Whydidgritsbecomemainfood?

A.Complayedakeyrole.

B.Driedcomwasextremelycheap.

C.TheCivilWarbrokeout.

D.Water-poweredmillsshowedup.

13.WhatcanwelearnaboutgritsfromParagraph3?

A.Theyarepopularamongallwalksoflife.

B.Theyaresmoothtofeel.

C.Theyareplacedontopofotherfoods.

D.Theyareexpensivetopurchase.

14.WhatbreakfastdidSouthCarolinafishermanlike?

A.Gritswithshrimp.B.Gritswithsugar.

C.Gritswithbutter.D.Gritswithcream.

15.WhydoestheauthormentionLee'sparents?

A.TointroduceLee'supbringingexperiences.

B.TopromoteLee'scookingtechniques.

C.Toexplainamodernflavorofgrits.

D.Toadvertiseanewly-publishedcookbook.

二、阅读七选五(本大题共5小题，共10.0分)

HowtoGrowOrganicTomatoesinaContainerAnyonewhohasseentomatoesgrowingina

gardenknowsthattheytendtobehugeplants.(1)Sothefirstthingtodowhen

consideringgrowingtomatoesinapotistofindasuitablevariety.

Afteryoufindtheperfectplant,itistimetoplantit.Ingeneral,plasticorfiberglasspotsare

bestforgrowingtomatoes.Theydon'tdryoutquickly.Whiletomatoesloveheat,theydon't

likebeingdry.(2)Besides,tomatoesneedtogrowinareasonablylargepot.Apot

mustbe8inchesdeep.That'stheabsoluteminimum.A12-or16-inchpotisevenbetter.

(3)Don'tusesoildugdirectlyfromthegarden.Itistooheavyforcontainergardens.

Compost(混合的)basedsoil,whetherpurchasedormixedfromyourspecialrecipe,isnice.

Whenplantingthetomato,putsomesoilinthebottomofthepotandsettheplantin.Afteryou

havetheplantsetattheproperlevel,fillinarounditwithsoil.Thesoilshouldgouptoaboutan

inchbelowtherim(边缘)ofthepottoallowroomforwatering.(4)Thebestway

totellwhentowateristostickyourfingerintothesoil-ifthefirsttwoinchesaredry,it'stimeto

water.

Thetrickiestthingaboutgrowingtomatoesinapotisthattheyareheavyfeeders.Everytime

youwater,youwashnutrientsoutofthesoil.Sofertilize(施肥)regularly.Onceamonthisgood.

Buteveryotherweek,applyingthefertilizerathalf-strengthisletter.(5)

A.That'swhyclaypotsarepopular.

B.Instead,usewhateversoilyoucanget.

C.Anddrysoilcanreducefruitproduction.

D.Thisprovidesconstantnutrientsforthetomatoplants.

E.Theyrequirepeople'smuchworktostaymanageable.

F.Tomatoesdonrtlikebeingdry,sowaterthemregularly.

G.Anygoodqualityorganicpottingsoilworksfortomatoes.

16.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

17.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.

EF.FG.G

18.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

19.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

20.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

三、完形填空（本大题共20小题,共30.0分）

Allendecidedtoleavehomecityandmakealivingbyhimselfbecausehisfamilywastoopoor.

Beforeleaving,hetoldhisfather,"Iwanttolearnthe(1)performance.'1

第6页，共21页

Hisfatherwas(2)withhisanswer,MWhat?No,youcan'tdothat.Acircusistheplace

forclowns(小丑)inmanypeople'seyes.Ourfamilywillbe(3)ofyou.”

ButAllen(4)."Ourfamilyissopoornow.Whichismoreimportanttoyou,(5)

orfood?Iwillgiveyousomemoneyeverymonthfromthecircus.Itprobablywillbe

ahuge(6).Hisfatherwasvery(7).“Ifyougothere,somebodywillknow

aboutitverysoonand1111hevery(8)

After(9)difficulties,Allenfinallyfoundacircusand(10)theownertolet

himstay.Heworkedveryhardstudyingmagicandlivedwithanimals.Everymonth,his

parentswouldgeta(11)fromhim.Buttheyneverknewhisaddress.Theyknewthe

moneywasfromAllenbutwhenpeopleaskedthemaboutAllen's(12),theynever

toldthemthetruth.Later,hisparentsreceived(13)moneyfromhim.

Then,amagiciannamedAllertbecameveryfamousinthewholeworld.Everyonethought(14)

ofhisperformance.Oneday,Allen'sfatherwenttovisitarelativeinanother(15)

.Therelativepaidalotforticketsofthemagician'sshow.Allen'sfatherwenttothe

show.Duringtheshow,Allen'sfatherwastotally(16)bythemagician'stricks.When

themagiciantookoffhis(17),thefatherfoundAlbertwashisson,Allen.

Allenrecognizedhisfather.Hisfather(18)him,"Whydidyouchangeyourname?

H

"Becauseyousaidyouwouldbeembanassedforme.”

nBut(19)willknowthefamousmagicianismysonAllen."

Everygoodthingcomesata(20).Youcan'thavethemallwithoutgivingup

something.

21.A.musicB.theatreC.circusD.dance

22.A.satisfiedB.unhappyC.curiousD.hopeful

23.A.guiltyB.proudC.tiredD.ashamed

24.A.insistedB.demandedC.addedD.declined

25.A.dignityB.honestyC.loveD.money

26.A.careerB.successC.fortuneD.performance

27.A.convincingB.stubbornC.understandingD.confused

28.A.embarrassedB.disappointedC.annoyedD.frightened

29.A.leavingoutB.endingupC.lookingforD.goingthrough

30.A.hadB.convincedC.tookD.applied

31.A.letterB.photoC.checkD.card

32.A.jobB.studyC.addressD.boss

33.A.lessB.moreC.noneD.little

34.A.badlyB.sadlyC.highlyD.finally

35.A.villageB.cityC.skyD.country

36.A.affectedB.puzzledC.persuadedD.impressed

37.A.jacketB.glassesC.maskD.gloves

38.A.huggedB.praisedC.thankedD.blamed

39.A.nobodyB.everybodyC.somebodyD.anybody

40.A.reasonB.pointC.rewardD.price

四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）

41.Lastweek,100restaurantsacrossShanghaisupportedtheuseofservingutensils(器具),

asitisakeypointforthecontroland(1)______(prevent)oftheCOVID-19.

Chinesepeopleofteneattogetherandsharetheirdishes(2)others.Thenew

systemsuggestsaddingseparatechopsticksandspoonsfor(3)(serve)when

peopledinetogether.Suchachangeofetiquette(礼仪)allowsdiners(4)(avoid)

usingtheirownchopstickstopickfoodfromtheplatesandtherefore(5)(great)

reducesthechancesofspreadofmanydiseases.

Manyrestaurants(6)(adopt)thepolicyaftertheMunicipalOfficefor

CivilizedSocietypublishedthesuggestion.(7)alsoencouragesthepublictouse

separateutensilsforsharedfbodathome.

AccordingtoQuQi,apersoninchargeofarestaurantinXuhuidistrict,asign(8)

(put)uponthetablestoinformpeopleoftheimportanceofusingservingutensilssince

thestartofbusinessonFebruary21.Thewaitersandwaitressesarealsotrainedtosupply

aseparatespoonorpairofchopsticksforthediners.Sofar,(9)servicehasbeen

wellacceptedbythemajorityofthepublic.

Thiswillbealongtermmeasure.Inthefuture,eachdineronthetablewillhave(10)

(they)ownservingchopsticksandspoonssoastopreventsharingofanymanner

ofvirusesandbacteria.

五、短文改错(本大题共1小题，共10.0分)

42.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文

中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删

第8页，共21页

除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（A）,并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：I.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Johnwentshoppinginastore,andheforgottobringabag.Sohebuysashoppingbag.

Afterarrivinghome,itoccurredhimthathecouldmakeabagbyusinghisoldtrousers.

Severalhourslate,hemadehimselfaverynicebag.Hismotherwasamazingatwhathe

haddone.Avoidingspendingmoneyunnecessarilyisawayofsaving.Andmakingagood

useofthingsisanapproachtoprotecttheenvironment.What'smore,itishelpfulforyou

toimprovetheabilitytomakethingbyhand.Itnotonlybringsuspleasurebutreduce

wastearoundus.

六、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共25.0分）

43.假如你是某国际学校高中生李华，最近你发现学校图书馆阅览室存在高声喧哗和乱

丢垃圾的现象.请用英语给图书馆馆长Mr.David写一封信，要点如下：

I.说明写信目的；

2.提出合理建议.

注意：1.短文词数100左右；

2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

3.信的开头和结尾己给出，不计入总次数.

DearMr.David,

IamLiHua,astudentfromClassFive,SeniorThree.

Thankyouforyourconsideration.

Yourssincerely,

LiHua.

答案和解析

1.【答案】

【小题1】A【小题2】C【小题3】D

【解析】（1）A.细节理解题。根据"AmericanHistoryMuseum”部分Thishallfollowsthe

developmentoftheincreasinglyefficientpowermachinerythathelpedtheUnitedStates

becomeaworldleaderinindustrialproductionduringthistime.（这个大厅紧跟着越来越高

效的动力机械的发展，在这段时间里帮助美国成为工业生产的世界领导者）可知，如果

你对机器生产感兴趣，你可以去参观AmericanHistoryMuseum,故选A.

（2）C.细节理解题。根据"PortraitGallery”部分ThisexhibitionfeaturesMathewBrady*s

portraitsoftwentyfamouspersons-fromshowmanP.T.BariumandinventorSamuelMorseto

musicianTeresaCarreonandclergymanHenryWardBeecher-whoreflectthediversityof

AmericanintellectualandculturallifeduringLincoln'spresidency.（本次展览展出了马修•

布雷迪对二十位名人的肖像画，从演艺家P.T.Barium和发明家SamuelMorse到音乐家

TeresaCarreon和牧师HenryWardBeecher,他们反映了林肯总统时期美国知识和文化生

活的多样性）可知，在PortraitGallery,你能看到一些名人的肖像画，故选C

（3）D.细节理解题。根据"SmithsonianDesignMuseum”部分EnergizingtheEveryday

celebratestheexceptionalgiftsfromleadingcollectorGeorgeR.KravisIItoCooperHewitt,

SmithsonianDesignMuseum.（每天都充满活力，庆祝著名收藏家GeorgeR.KravisII送

给"SmithsonianDesignMuseum”的CooperHewitt特别|的礼物）可知，著名收臧家George

R.KravisII给了SmithsonianDesignMuseum特别的礼物，故选D.

这是一篇广告布告类阅读，主要介绍了三个可供游客参观的博物馆和画廊，包括它们的

开放时间、位置和展览内容等。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找

出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子

的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。

4.【答案】

【小题1】C【小题2】B【小题3】D【小题4】D

第10页，共21页

【解析】（l）c.细节理解题。根据文章第三自然段最后一句

Sheworkedinafactoryuntilsheretiredatage65.（她在一家工厂工作直到65岁退休）可

知，Emma在她六十五岁的时候退休了，即不再工作了。故选C

（2）B.同意猜测题。根据文章第一段

EmmaMorano,theoldestlivingperson,celebratedher117thbirthdayonTuesday.（世界上

最长寿的人EmmaMorano在周二庆祝了她的117岁生日）可知，现在Emma已经117

岁了。然后根据所猜词后的定语从句includingonewhodiedatage102（其中一个在102

岁时去世）可知，她的兄弟姐妹最长寿的为102岁，Emma比她所有的兄弟姐妹都长寿。

由此推知，划线词意为"活的时间更长”。故选B.

（3）D.细节理解题。根据文章第四段Then,atage26,shemarriedanotherman.（然后，

在26岁的时候，她嫁给了另一个男人）可知，Emma在26岁的时候再婚。故选D.

（4）D.细节理解题。根据文章最后一段

HerdoctorowesMorano'slonglifetoherunusualdiet,hergenesandpositiveoutlookonlife.

（她的医生把莫拉诺的长寿归功于她不寻常的饮食、她的基因和积极的人生观）可知，

医生认为EmmaMoran。长寿的秘诀是她的基因、饮食习惯以及生活态度。故选D.

本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了世界上最长寿的人EmmaMorano以及她长寿的秘诀。

阅读理解解题步骤：首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意。因为阅读理解题

一般没有标题，所以，速读全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速读的过程中，应尽可能

多地捕获信息材料。其次，细读题材，各个击破。掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读每篇

材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息。要

善于抓住每段的主题句，阅读时，要有较强的针对性。对于捕获到的信息，要做认真分

析，仔细推敲，理解透彻，只有这样，针对题目要求，才能做到稳、准。

8.【答案】

【小题1]A【小题2】C【小题3】D【小题4】B

【解析】（1）A.细节理解题。根据文章第三段关键句"Youshouldruntheriskofcausing

adistancebetweenyouandyourcolleaguesiftheylearnyouearnmoreforwhattheythinkto

bethesamejob."（如果你的同事知道你在他们认为的同一份工作中挣的钱更多，你就应

该冒着与他们产生距离的风险。）可知，如果同事知道在他们认为相同的工作中你挣的

钱更多，他们可能会渐渐疏远你，你们之间可能会产生距离。由此可知，如果你的同事

知道你的薪水更高，他们可能会对你不那么友好。故选A项。

（2）C.细节理解题。根据文章第四段内容"Thesecretnatureofyoursalary,infact,canbe

agreaterbenefittoyou.Itcreatesanopportunityforamanagertohaveapersonaldiscussion

withemployeesastowhytheyarebeingpaidwhattheyareandhowtheycanthenmove

forwardwithconfidencethattheyhavedevelopeda"special"relationshipwiththeirsupervisor

（主管）ontheirindividualissues,goodandbad,withoutinvolvingothersintheprocess."

（事实上，你工资的秘密性质对你来说是一个更大的好处。它为管理者创造了一个机会，

让他们与员工进行个人讨论，讨论他们为什么会得到这样的报酬，以及他们如何才能满

怀信心地向前发展，即他们已经就个人问题，好的和坏的，与主管建立了一种“特殊"关

系，而不让其他人参与其中。）可知，工资的秘密性质为管理者创造了一个机会，可以

让他们与员工进行个人讨论，让员工与主管建立了一种”特殊"关系，而不让其他人参与

其中。由此可知，保密工资信息的好处是这给了管理者一个与你沟通的机会。故选C

项。

（3）D.推理判断题。根据文章最后一段关键句"Ifyoulearnthatsomeonewhoholdsa

similarpositionearnsabiggerpaycheck,don'tpanic.First,dosomeduediligencetodetermine

ifyouarebeingunderpaidingeneral."（如果你知道一个拥有类似职位的人薪水更高，不

要惊慌。首先，做一些尽职调查，以确定你的报酬是否总体上偏低。）和"Next,y。udbetter

gotoyourbossandaskthereasons."（接下来，你最好去找你的老板问问原因。）可知,

本段内容告诉我们如果我们知道一个拥有类似职位的人薪水更高时，我们应该怎么做。

由此可知，最后一段的目的是建议解决问题的方法。故选D项。

（4）B.主旨大意题。分析文章，结合文章第一段内容"Weallknowemployeestalk,and

thingscanneverremaintotallysecret.Butadirectdiscussionaboutsalarydetailsprobablyisn't

thebestidea."（我们都知道员工说话，事情永远不能完全保密。但直接讨论薪水细节可

能不是最好的主意。）可知，本文主要讲述的是在工作中，公开讨论工资问题并不是个

好主意，并解释了保密工资信息的好处。"Salarysecret."意为“工资秘密。”能够概括文章

主要内容。故选B项。

这是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述的是在工作中，公开讨论工资问题并不是个好主意，并

解释了保密工资信息的好处。

1.直接信息题：

直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目。

2.间接信息题：

间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原

文信息进行转换。

第12页，共21页

3.综合信息题：

综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的儿句话，或

者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析，而不能断章

取义。

12.【答案】

【小题1】D【小题2】A【小题3】A【小题4】C

【解析】（1）D.细节理解题。由第一段的第二句"AftertheCivilWar,grits（粗

玉米粉），whichismadeoutofcorn,becameadietmainstay（支

柱）becausewater-poweredmills（磨坊）workedtogrinddriedcorn.',内战

之后，由玉米制作而成的粗玉米粉，因为水力磨坊可以将干的玉米磨成粉状而成为饮食

的支柱。由此可见，粗玉米粉成为主要的食物是因为水利磨坊的出现。结合选项可知，

选项D正确。故选D.

（2）A.推理判断题。由第三段的最后一句"It'sadisheatenbyeveryonefromsitting

presidentstobluecollarworkersinavarietyofways,bothinfinediningrestaurantsandoily

spoons.',它是从现任总统到蓝领

工人通过各种方式在美食餐厅和油腻的勺子里都可以吃到的食物。由此可见，粗玉米粉

在各行各业中都很受欢迎。结合选项可知，选项A正确。所以选A.

（3）A.细节理解题。由第四段的第一句"Shrimpandgritsisthemostwell-knowndish

incorporatinggrits,especiallyincoastalareaslikeCharleston,SouthCarolina.1'

和第二句"Itwasoriginallyafisherman'sbreakfast,aheartymealbeforealongdayof

work,andtoday,it'sfoundonmenusthroughoutthenation."

鲜虾玉米粥是最出名的一道混合了粗玉米粉的菜，特别是在沿海地区，像南卡罗莱纳州

查尔斯顿。它起源于一个渔民的早餐，在一天劳作之前的一顿丰盛食物，并且今天可以

在全国的菜单上找到。由此可知，南卡罗莱纳州的渔民们喜欢的早餐是鲜虾玉米粥。结

合选项可知，选项A正确。故选A.

（4）C.推理判断题。由最后一段第一句"Chefshavealsobecomecreativewiththe

dish,addingmodemelementstothetraditional."和第三句

"EdwardLeehasprepareditliketheporridgehisKoreanparentscookedduringhisgrowing

up,butusesKentucky'sWiesenbergergrits."

厨师们通过往传统菜中添加现代元素也使得这道菜富有创意。爱德华•李使用肯塔基州

威辛保产的粗玉米粉将这道菜准备的像他小时候韩国父母煮的粥一样。由此可见，作者

提及爱德华•李的父母是为了解释在他们传统的粥中添加的粗玉米粉的现代味道。结合

选项可知，选项C正确。故选C.

这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍粗玉米粉在人们饮食中是如何使用的，以及人们如何用

它进行饮食创作。

1.直接信息题：

直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目。

2.间接信息题：

间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原

文信息进行转换。

3.综合信息题：

综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或

者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析，而不能断章

取义。

16.【答案】

【小题1】E【小题2】C【小题3】G【小题4】F【小题5】D

【解析】(1)E.推理判断题。根据上句Anyonewhohasseentomatoesgrowinginagarden

knowsthattheytendtobehugeplants表示"任何看过西红柿在花园里生长的人都知道，它

们往往是巨大的植物。"可推知下一句是说西红柿它们需要人们做大量的工作来保持可

控性。承接下一句

"Sothefirstthingtodowhenconsideringgrowingtomatoesinapotislofindasuitablevarie

ty.因此，考虑在盆栽中种植西红柿时，首先要做的是找到合适的品种。”所以答案是E.

(2)C,推理判断题。根据上句Whiletomatoesloveheat,theydon'tlikebeingdry表示“

西红柿喜欢热，但不喜欢干。"可知表示"干旱的土壤会减少水果的产量。”的选项D符

合题意，所以答案是C.

(3)G.段落大意题。根据下句Don'tusesoildugdirectlyfromthegardenCompost(混

合的)basedsoil,whetherpurchasedormixedfromyourspecialrecipe,isnice.表示“不要用

直接从花园里挖出来的土，无论是从你的特殊配方购买还是混合的堆肥土壤，都是不错

的。"可知本段要讲述的是种植西红柿应该使用什么样的土壤。

G.Anygoodqualityorganicpottingsoilworksfortomatoes.任何优质的有机盆栽土壤都适

第14页，共21页

合种植西红柿。符合本段主旨。所以答案是G.

(4)F.语境衔接题。根据后句Thebestwaytotellwhentowateristostickyourfingerinto

thesoil-ifthefirsttwoinchesaredry,it'stimetowater.表示"判断何时浇水的最好方法是把

手指伸进土里，如果前两英寸是干的，现在是浇水的时候了。"可知表示"西红柿不喜欢

干，所以要经常浇水”的选项F符合题意，所以答案是F.

(5)D.推理判断题。根据上句Buteveryotherweek,applyingthefertilizerathalf-strength

isbetter.表示”但每隔一周，半强度施肥效果更好。”可知表示”这为番茄植株提供恒定的

营养。”的选项E符合题意，所以答案是D.

任何看过西红柿在花园里生长的人都知道，西红柿往往是巨大的植物。因本文讲述了在

花盆里种植西红柿的过程中应该注意的问题。

注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段，寻找句中衔接标志词.查对上下文的理解及推理判

断能力。

可以使用代入法，检查答案是否合理，将所有选择答案放回空白处，通读全文，检查文

章内容是否语义连贯合理、紧扣主题，语篇结构是否通顺连贯、具有一致性、合乎逻辑，

写作思路是否清晰明了，格式以及用语是否恰当贴切，从而判断选择的答案是否正确.

21.【答案】

【小题1】C【小题2】B【小题3】D【小题4】A【小题5】A

【小题6】C【小题7】B【小题8】A【小题9】D【小题10]B

【小题11】C［小题121A【小题13】B【小题14]C【小题