2018秋高中英语Unit1Friendship同步练习新人教版必修1

Unit1Friendship话题朗读与日俱增AnneFrank'sfriendSixpeopleriskedtheirlivestohelpAnneFrankandherfamilyhidefromtheNazisduringWorldWarⅡ.Thelastsurvivoramongthosehelpers，MiepGiespassedawayinJanuary2010attheageof100.Gieswasthebestknownofthesix.Shecollectedandhidtheteenager'sdiaryaftertheNazisecretpolicediscoveredtheirhidingplaceinanAmsterdamofficebuilding.AnneFrankdied，butherfatherOttoreturnedfromAuschwitzandGiesgavehimhisdaughter'sdiary.Theteenager'sdiary，firstpublishedasAnneFrank：TheDiaryofaYoungGirl，becameoneofthemostfamousaccountsofJewshidingfromNazipersecution(伤害)andhasbeentranslatedinto70languages.BorninViennain1909，MiepGiesmovedtotheNetherlandsatage11.In1933，shebeganworkingforOttoFrankathistradingcompany.Atgreatrisktoherownsafety，shehelpedbringfoodtotheFranksandthefourotherswithwhomtheywerehidingfrom1942untiltheirdiscoveryandarrestin1944.“I'mnotahero，”Giessaidinastatementuponher100thbirthday.“Itwasn'tsomethingIplannedinadvance.IsimplydidwhatIcouldtohelp，”saidthestatementpublishedbytheAnneFrankMuseum.Giesreceivedmanyhonoursforherrole，includingfromtheNetherlands，GermanyandIsrael.[词海拾贝]1．survivor

n．幸存者2．accountn．表达3．arrestn．拘捕4．inadvance提早[问题思虑

]判断正(T)误(F)。1．AnneFrankmadeherdiaryin1947anddescribedthehardshipofJewsfromNazipersecution.()2．Attheageof24，MiepGiesbeganworkingforOttoFrankathistradingcompany.()3．GieslostherlifebecausesheofferedhelptoAnne.()答案：1.F2.T3.F

hiding自主预习步步提高词汇识记Ⅰ.将单词与其正确释义配对1．upset

A．(使)沉静；沉静的2．ignoreB．(使)担忧；担忧；关注3．calmC．完好地；全然地；整个地4．concernD．不搭理；忽略5．seriesE．雷；雷声；打雷；雷鸣6．duskF．能力；力量；权利7．thunderG．连续；系列8．entirelyH．心慌意乱的；使不安；使心烦9．powerI．积满尘埃的10．dustyJ．傍晚；夜晚答案：1.H2.D3.A4.B5.G6.J7.E8.C9．F10.IⅡ.依据所给汉语提示写出单词1．________adj.心慌意乱的；不安的；不适的vt.使不安；使心烦2．________vt.不搭理；忽略________n．不搭理；忽略；无知3．________vt.&vi.(使)沉静；(使)镇定adj.沉静的；冷静的；沉稳的4．________vt.(使)担忧；波及；关系到n．担忧；关注；(利害)关系5．________adj.松的；松开的________adj.紧的6．________adv.在户外；在野外________adv.在户内；在室内7．________n．傍晚；夜晚8．________vi.打雷；雷鸣．雷；雷声n9．________adj.整个的；完好的；所有的________adv.完好地；全然地；整个地10．________n．能力；力量；权利________adj.强有力的答案：1.upset2.ignoreignorance3.calm4.concern5.loosetight6.outdoorsindoors7.dusk8．thunder9.entireentirely10.powerpowerfulⅢ.依据汉语提示或首字母写出正确的单词1．Thebadnewshegaveusreally________(使不安)allofus.2．I'llhavetotakea________(连续)oftests.3．Atthosesoftwords，theexcitedmanfinally________(沉静)down.4．Duringhisstayoutsidealone，hisgrandparentswerec________abouthissafetymuch.5．Heissogiftedthathehasthep________tosolvethedifficultproblem.6．Sincehisfatheri________hisidea，theboyfeltalittleunhappy.7．HisEnglishissoexcellentthathecane__________hisentireopinionsinEnglish，whichthenativescanunderstande________．答案：1.upset2.series3.calmed4.concerned25．power6.ignored7.expressentirelyⅣ.选词填空(注意形式的变化)addup；calm(...)down；inorderto；havegotto；beconcernedabout；gothrough；setdown；aseriesof；onpurpose；atdusk；facetoface；nolonger1.Withthewinddyingdown，theseabeganto____________.2．Sincethetravellerwaslost，he________staywherehewas.3．____________storiesabouttheseheroeshasbeenpublishedrecently.4．____________，allthebirdsflewbacktotheirnests.5．Inthisfamily，childrenoftentalkwiththeirparentsinafriendlyway______________．6．Sincehegavethemaway，they______________regardedhimasafriend.7．________catchtheearlybus，shegotupearlythismorning.8．Asayounggirl，she______________manykindsofthings.9．Thenaughtyboybroketheglass____________toexpresshisdisappointment.10．Having________allherluggage，shewentoutfordinner.11．Nowadays，manyofthegraduates__________________theirjobhuntingmuch.12．______________3and6，andyouwillget9.答案：1.calmdown2.hadgotto3.Aseriesof4.Atdusk5.facetoface6.nolonger7.Inorderto8.wentthrough9.onpurpose10.setdown11.areconcernedabout12.Addup语篇理解.Skimmingforthemaininformation1．Whatdoesthepassagetellus?A．Anne'sopinionaboutatruefriend.B．WhyAnneandherfamilyhadtohidethemselves.C．Annehadtoenjoynatureatnightduringherhiding.D．WhyAnnetreatedherdiaryasherbestfriendandhercrazinessaboutnature.答案：D2．Findoutthemainideaofeachparagraph.(1)MatchthemainideaofPara.1andPara.2intheintroduction.Para.1________A．Anne'sfamilywasJewishsotheyhadtohideortheywouldbecaughtbytheGermanNazis.Para.2________B．Annemadeherdiaryherbestfriend.(2)Matchthemainideaofeachparagraphinthediary.Para.1________A．Oneevening，Annestayedawakeuntilhalfpasteleveninordertohaveagoodlookatthemoon.Para.2________B．Annewasonlyabletolookatnaturethroughdustywindows.Para.3________C．Annehadn'tbeenoutdoorsforsolongthatshehadgrowncrazyabouteverythingtodowithnature.答案：(1)Para.1—BPara.2—A(2)Para.1—CPara.2—APara.3—B.Scanningfordetailedinformation1．AnneFrankandherfamilyhidawayfor________.A．overayearB．overtwoyears3C．threeyearsD．oneyearandahalf2．AnneandherfamilywerecaughtbyGermanNazisin________．A．aboutJune1945B．aboutFebruary1945C．aboutAugust1944D．aboutNovember19443．AccordingtoAnne,atruefriendisaperson______.A．thatwouldlaughatyouB．whomakesyouhappyC．whomyoucantrustD．whocouldsaveyourlife4．Shedidn'tdareopenthewindowwhenthemoonwasbright.That'sbecause________．A．theymightbediscoveredB．herfamilymightbedisturbedC．itwasverycoldD．athiefmightgetintotheroom5．Annesaidthatshehadgrowncrazyaboutnaturebecause________．A．shewasinterestedinnatureB．shehadalwaysbeensoC．shehadbeenoutdoorsD．shehadbeenindoorstoolong答案：1.B2.C3.C4.A5.D.IntensivereadingtofinishthepassageAnneandher1.________livedinAmsterdamintheNetherlands2.________WorldWarⅡ.BecausetheywereJewish,theyhadtohideorthe3.________Naziswouldcatchthem.However，theywerediscoveredaftertheyhidawayforover4.________years.Duringthetimewhentheywerehiding，Annebecame5.________abouteverythingtodowith6.________.Sadly，shewasonlyabletolookatnaturethroughdirtycurtainshangingbeforevery7.________windows.Shewassolonelythatsheneeded8.________badly.Soshemadeherdiaryheronly9.________friend,whomshecalledKitty.Inherdiary,Anneshowedushowmuchshevaluedeverythingofnatureandwhatshe10.________throughduringWorldWarⅡ.答案：1.family2.during3.German4.two5.crazy6.nature7.dusty8.friends9.true10.went[阅读修养提高]AccordingtoAnne，whatisatruefriendlike?_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案：Atruefriendshouldbeafriendthatyoucanshareyourfeelingswithandyoucantellallthatyouareexperiencingwillingly.[精读难句透析]1．Idon'twanttosetdownaseriesoffactsinadiaryasmostpeopledo，butIwantthisdiaryitselftobemyfriend，andIshallcallmyfriendKitty.4剖析：此句为由but及and连结的并列句，此中but表示转折，and表示承接。第一分句中的“________________”为方式状语从句；而第三分句中的“________________”为“call＋宾语＋宾语补足语”构造。译文：______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案：asmostpeopledocallmyfriendKitty译文：我不肯意像大部分人那样在日志中记流水账。我要把这今日志看作我的朋友，我把我的这个朋友称作凯蒂。2．Icanwellrememberthattherewasatimewhenadeepbluesky，thesongofthebirds，moonlightandflowerscouldneverhavekeptmespellbound.剖析：该句是一个复合句。动词remember后边是______指引的宾语从句。而在宾语从句中含有______指引的定语从句，修饰先行词______。定语从句中“keptmespellbound”为“keep＋宾语＋宾语补足语”构造。译文：_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案：thatwhenatime译文：我记得特别清楚，从前蔚蓝的天空、鸟儿的歌唱、月光和鲜花，从未令我心迷神往过。3．Forexample，oneeveningwhenitwassowarm，Istayedawakeonpurposeuntilhalfpasteleveninordertohaveagoodlookatthemoonbymyself.剖析：此句为主从复合句，________指引定语从句修饰先行词________，且when在从句中充任时间状语，句中“inorderto...”为不定式作目的状语。译文：_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案：whenoneevening译文：比如，在一个特别温暖的夜晚，我成心待到夜晚11：30，以便亲身好好地看看月亮。知识聚焦讲练互动重点直击1．Addupyourscoreandseehowmanypointsyouget.把你的分数加起来，看你得多少。概括拓展addup共计；相加；合情理addto增加；增加add...to...把加到addupto总数为，总计为addthat增补说(1)Manysmallvictories________abigone.积小胜为大胜。(2)Perhapsyouthinkyoucouldeasily________yourhappinesswithmoremoney.或许你以为拥有更多的钱能够简单地增加你的幸福感。5(3)He________thetheatre'slocationwasalsoareason.他增补说影院的地点也是原由之一。答案：(1)addupto(2)addto(3)addedthat即学即练达成句子。(1)Thesnowstorm__________ourdifficulties.狂风雪增加了我们的困难。(2)She____________sugar__________hertea.她在茶里加了糖。单句改错。(3)Hiswholeschooleducationaddedupnomorethanoneyear._______________________________________________________答案：(1)addedto(2)addedto(3)up后加to2．Yourfriendcomestoschoolveryupset.你的朋友来上学时心情很不好。概括拓展upsetadj.心慌意乱的；不安的；不适的vt.使不安；使心烦；打翻，遇到beupsetabout...对感觉心慌意乱Itupsets/upsetsbtodosth做某事让某人感觉不舒畅Itupsets/upsetsbthat...让某人感觉不快乐的是(1)Hannah________very________whenshesawamaneatingoutofagarbagecan.看到有人在垃圾桶里捡东西吃，汉纳感觉很悲伤。(2)Inmyopinion，itisuselessto________________it.依我看，为此事悲伤没存心义。(3)Don't________yourself________it—noharmhasbeendone.不要为那件事烦忧——没有造成损失。(4)It________him________youdidn'treplytohisletters.你没有给他回信，他很不安。答案：(1)wasupset(2)beupsetabout/over/at(3)upsetabout(4)upsetthat即学即练达成句子。(1)__________________(让他不快乐的是)nobodyhadbotheredtotellhimaboutit.(2)There'snopoint__________________(为此事悲伤)．答案：(1)Itupsethimthat(2)tobeupsetaboutit3．Youwilltellyourfriendthatyouareconcernedabouthim/herandyouwillmeetafterclassandtalkthen.你会告诉你的朋友你很关怀他(她)，下课后你们会会面再谈。概括拓展concernvt.(使)担忧；波及；关系到n．担忧；关注；(利害)关系6concernedadj.担忧的；关注的as/sofaras...beconcerned对于；至于；就而言beconcernedabout/for关怀；担忧；牵挂beconcernedwithsth波及到；与相关Itconcerns/concernedsbthat...令某人担忧的是(1)AsfarasI'mconcerned，theideaissobad.在我看来，这一想法十分糟糕。(2)Others________________usinggardeningmethodsthatrequirelesswaterandfewerfertilizers.有的人所关怀的是如何少用水少施肥的园林技术。(3)Itissaidthatmanypeoplehave______________thecase.听说好多人与这个案件相关系。答案：(2)areconcernedabout(3)beenconcernedwith即学即练达成句子。(1)Sheis________herson'sfuture.她担忧着她儿子的未来。单句改错。(2)Asfarasheconcerned，nothingisasimportantashisdaughter._______________________________________________________用适合的介词填空。(3)Asweallknow，parentsareconcerned________theirchildren'sstudybecauseitisconcerned________theirfuture.答案：(1)concernedabout/for(2)he后加is(3)about/forwith4．Orareyouafraidthatyourfriendwouldlaughatyou，orwouldnotunderstandwhatyouaregoingthrough?你是担忧你的朋友会嘲讽你仍是不理解你当前经历的窘境呢？概括拓展(1)I__________thesamethinglastyear.我昨年也经历了相同的事情。(2)Therailwaypoliceman____________hisluggage.那位乘警认真检查了他的行李。答案：(1)wentthrough(2)wentthrough即学即练写出以下句子中gothrough的汉语意思。(1)Haveyougonethroughyourmoneyalready?7____________(2)Thecountryhasgonethroughtoomanywars.____________(3)Youmustgothroughyourpapersbeforeyouhandthemin.____________(4)Theropeistoothicktogothroughthehole.____________答案：(1)用完；花光(2)经受；经历(3)认真检查(4)穿过5．...Forexample，oneeveningwhenitwassowarm，Istayedawakeonpurposeuntilhalfpasteleven...比方，有天夜晚天气很温暖，我成心不睡觉熬到11点半概括拓展onpurpose成心，存心地；其同义词组为bydesign，其反义词组为bychance或byaccident，意为“有时”。(1)Hediditonpurpose，knowingitwouldannoyher.他明知会激怒她，却成心那么做。(2)Ididn'tdoitonpurpose—itwasanaccident.我不是成心做这件事的——这是一次不测。固定搭配：forthepurposeof为了目的；withthepurposeof有目的；tolittle/nopurpose作用不大，白费。名师点津：forthepurposeof和withthepurposeof都表示“为了目的”，可是用for时，目的可否实现还不知道，用with示意目的能实现。即学即练用适合的介词填空。—Look！Thetelephoneisbroken.Someonedamagedit________purpose.—Thatmayberight.Butperhapsitwasbroken________accident.答案：onby6．...Istayedawayonpurposeuntilhalfpasteleveninordertohaveagoodlookatthemoonbymyself.我成心不睡觉熬到11点半，为的是单独好漂亮看月亮。概括拓展“inorderto＋动词原形”表示“目的是，为了，以便”，能够作目的状语置于句首或句末，其否认形式为inordernotto。Inordertopasstheexam，hestudiedevenharder.为了经过考试，他学习更为努力了。易混辨析inorderto/soasto/sothat/inorderthatinorderto可位于句首或句中soasto只位于句中sothat指引目的状语从句时，需加神态动词may，might，could，can，位于句中inorderthat指引目的状语从句，可置于句首或句中即学即练8句型变换。Inordertogotoafamousuniversity，manystudentsarestudyinghardnow.Manystudentsarestudyinghardnow_________________afamousuniversity.Manystudentsarestudyinghardnow__________________afamousuniversity.Manystudentsarestudyinghardnow__________________afamousuniversity.答案：soastogotosothattheycangotoinorderthattheycangoto7．Thedark，rainyevening，thewind，thethunderingcloudsheldmeentirelyintheirpower...乌黑的夜晚，风雨交加，电闪雷鸣，我完好被这类力量镇住了概括拓展powern．能力；力量；权利；职权；政权cometopower登台，当权(表示动作，不可以和一段时间连用)beinpower当权，执政(表示状态，能够和一段时间连用)takepower执政havethepowertodosth拥有做某事的能力、权利beyond/outofone'spower某人力所不可以及的(1)The__________wascutoffandthestreetwasentirelyindarkness.断电后街道完好堕入了黑暗。(2)Shewastheonewho__________________hireorfirepeople.她是有权聘用或辞退的人。(3)Iamsorryit's____________tomakesuchadecision.对不起，做出这样的决定高出了我的能力。答案：(1)power(2)hadthepowerto(3)beyondmypower易混辨析power/force/energy/strengthpower是最一般的用词，泛指全部力量、能力、职权、权利等force指自然界的力量、权利、说服力、压制力、军事力量等energy多指人工作时焕发出的精力或劲头或自然界的能量strength指机体内部的力气、力量、能力，依赖身体组织而存在的力即学即练用power，force，energy，strength的适合形式填空。(1)Knowledgeis________．(2)Ittookherweekstoregainher________afterillness.(3)Thenavyisoneofthearmed________．(4)—Youarealwaysfullof________．Canyoutellusthesecret?—Takingplentyofexerciseeveryday.单句改错。(5)Hehascomeinpowerfortenyearsbutstilldoesn'twanttoleaveoffice._______________________________________________________单句语法填空。(6)Everyonehasthepower________(get)education.答案：(1)power(2)strength(3)forces(4)energy(5)come→been(6)toget98．Shesufferedfromloneliness，butshehadtolearntolikeitthere.她遭到孤单，可是在那边她不得不学着喜爱它。概括拓展suffervt.&vi.遭到；忍耐；经历sufferingn．悲伤；磨难sufferern．生病者；受难者(1)We'll________hungeronedayifwedon'tcareabouttheagriculture.假如我们不关注农业，未来我们就会受饿。(2)Thecountryhasgonethroughtoomanywars，makingitspeople__________alot.这个国家经历了太多的战争，使它的人民深受其害。答案：(1)suffer(2)suffer易混辨析suffer/sufferfrom后常接悲伤(pain)、严寒(cold)、饥饿(hunger)、损失(loss)suffer等sufferfrom后常接疾病的名称或造成不幸、悲伤的事物的名称(3)Doyouoftensufferfromheadache?你常常头疼吗？即学即练达成句子。(1)BecauseJimdoesn'teatontime，heoften__________stomachache.由于吉姆不准时吃饭，所以他常常胃疼。(2)MsKing'slegswerebadlyhurtandshe_________________．金女士的双腿受了重伤，特别疼。单句改错。(3)Thearmysufferedfromheavylossesinthewar._______________________________________________________答案：(1)suffersfrom(2)sufferedgreatpain(3)去掉from9．HowcanLindarecoverfromherillnessinthisroomwhenit'ssodirtyanddusty?在这么脏且又积满尘埃的房间里琳达怎么能康复？概括拓展(1)recoverfrom从中恢复过来recoveroneself镇定下来(2)recoveryn．恢复；复苏；康复makearecoveryfrom...从中恢复过来(1)Thedoctorsaiditwasnotserious；hewould__________soon.医生说病情不严重，他会很快康复。(2)________takestime，butifyouwantto______，youcanandwill.恢复需要时间，可是假如你想要恢复，你也能够做到。10答案：(1)recover(2)Recoveryrecover即学即练单句语法填空。(1)Hehasnowmadeafull__________(recover)fromhissuffering.(2)Thesoftmusicmadetheshockedmanrecover__________(he)gradually.(3)Afterrecovering__________hisillness，theauthorsetaboutworkingonanewnovel.达成句子。(4)Ittookalongtime______________________abadcold.他患重感冒，很长时间才康复。答案：(1)recovery(2)himself(3)from(4)forhimtorecoverfrom10．I'mgettingalongwellwithaboyinmyclass.我跟我们班里的一位男同学向来相处很好。概括拓展相关get的重要短语：getawaywith(做坏事)不受处罚getacross使理解；表达清楚getaway走开；脱身getthrough达成(工作)；经过getup起床；站起来getover解决(问题)；战胜(困难)(1)Ibelievethatwecangetalongwellwitheachotherandbecomegoodfriends.我相信我们能相处得很好，并成为好朋友。(2)Howareyougettingalongwithyourworknow?你的工作此刻进展如何？名师点津：(1)getalongwith还能够说成getonwith。(2)往常与副词well，nicely，badly等连用，组成getalong/onwell/nicely/badlywith，表示“同某人相处得好/坏”或“某事进展顺利/不顺利”。即学即练用适合的介词填空。(1)HecouldnothaveYongHuigettingaway________tellingpeoplelies.(2)Ittookmeaverylongtimetoget________theshockofherdeath.(3)It'shardtoget________howexcitingitis!答案：(1)with(2)over(3)across11．Iwouldbegratefulifyoucouldgivemesomeadvice.假如你能给我一些建议，我将不胜感谢。概括拓展gratefulbegrateful

adj.感谢的；表示谢意的tosbforsth因某事而感谢某人todosth因做某事而感谢that...感谢Iwouldbegratefulifyoucoulddo...11假如你能，我将感谢不尽。(1)Iwasvery____________anddeterminedtorepayhimoneday.我特别感谢，决意改天必定要回报他。(2)She____________________giveheranearlyreply.假如你能早点给她回复，她将特别感谢。答案：(1)grateful(2)wouldbeverygratefulifyoucould即学即练用适合的介词填空。(1)I'msograteful________you________allthatyou'vedone.达成句子。(2)He_________shedidn'ttellhisparentsabouttheincident.她没有把那件事告诉他的父亲母亲，对此他向来心存感谢。(3)We__________________youcouldgiveusaride.假如你能载我们一程，我们会特别感谢。答案：(1)tofor(2)wasgratefulthat(3)wouldbeverygratefulif12．...tojoinindiscussionsandshowinterestinotherpeople'sideas...参加谈论并对他人的建议感兴趣(1)Wouldyouliketojoininmybirthdayparty?你愿意参加我的诞辰聚会吗？(2)Itissaidthatmorethantwohundredstudentshavejoinedinthediscussion.听说200多名学生参加了谈论。易混辨析join/joinin/attend/takepartin往常指参加某组织或集体，并成为此中的一员，其宾语常常是thejoinarmy/party/team/club或sb等指参加正在进行的活动，其宾语一般是比赛、娱乐、讲话、谈论、聚会、joinin游戏等名词，能够用于joinin(doing)sth/joinsbin(doing)sth列席，为正式用语，指参加或列席会议、仪式、婚礼、葬礼、典礼；上学、attend听课、听报告等take指参加民众性活动，重视说明主语参加该项活动并在此中发挥必定的作用。partinpart前如有修饰语，要用不定冠词。比如：takeanactivepartinschoolactivities踊跃参加学校活动即学即练用join，joinin，attend，takepartin的适合形式填空。(1)Hedidn't____________schoolyesterdaybecauseofhisillness.(2)ZhouEnlai____________thestudentmovementsactivelywhenhewasatschool.(3)Attheageofeight，he_________agroupofchild－dancers.(4)Thechildren______theEnglishEveningandhadagoodtime.单句改错。(5)Wouldyouliketojoinusplayingbasketball?_______________________________________________________12答案：(1)attend(2)tookpartin(3)joined(4)joinedin(5)us后加in13．Whilewalkingthedog，youwerecarelessanditgotlooseandwashitbycar.遛狗时，你不当心把狗松开了，狗被汽车撞了。[句式剖析]此句为并列复合句。并列连词and连结两个并列分句。第一分句中的“Whilewalkingthedog”为状语从句的省略形式，其完好形式为“whileyouwerewalkingthedog”。(1)Theyarebuildinganewcompanywhileexpandingtheoldone.他们在扩建老企业的同时也在建设新企业。(2)Whilelistening，thesecretarysetdownaseriesofwhatthemanagersaid.秘书边听边记录了一些经理讲的话。[语法拓展]when，while，before，after，unless，asif等状省略句的条件语从句中的主语与主句主语一致或从句主语是it状语从句谓语中含有be动词省略句的形式省略从句中的主语和be动词省略句动词的形式主语与谓语动词若是主动关系，则用此刻分词；若是被动关系，则用过去分词；若未发生，则用不定式即学即练单句语法填空。(1)While________(sing)，Iheardmynamecalled.(2)Hewon'tcomeunless__________(invite)．达成句子。(3)____________(假如必需的话)，I'llcometomorrow.答案：(1)singing(2)invited(3)Ifnecessary14．Iwonderifit'sbecauseIhaven'tbeenabletobeoutdoorsforsolongthatI'vegrownsocrazyabouteverythingtodowithnature.我不知道这能否是由于我长远没法出门的缘由，我变得对全部与大自然相关的事物都无比狂热。[句式剖析](1)该句为复合句。Iwonder是主句，后跟if指引的宾语从句，if意为“能否”。也可跟whether指引的宾语从句。(2)在宾语从句中又有一个“itis＋被重申部分(because指引的原由状语)＋that＋其他部分”的重申句。①重申句式的基本构造为“Itis/was＋被重申部分＋that＋句子的其余部分”。被重申部分是人的时候，that还能够用who取代。②重申句的一般疑问句构造为：Is/Was＋it＋被重申部分＋that/who＋其余部分；特别疑问句构造为：特别疑问词＋is/was＋that＋其余部分。若重申“not...until”，则需用“Itis/wasnotuntil...that...”。名师点津：重申句型与其余句式区其余依照是将Itis/was及that/who去掉，句子依然成立；此重申句型不行对句子中的谓语部分进行重申。13(1)Thefarmer__________itwouldrainthenextday.农民想知道次日能否会下雨。(2)______________________madeithardforhimtoadapttothenewenvironmentabroad.是文化而不是语言使他很难适应外国的环境。(3)____________teno'clock________hewenttobed.直到10点他才去睡觉。答案：(1)wonderedif/whether(2)Itwastheculture，ratherthanthelanguage，that(3)Itwasnotuntilthat即学即练用适合的关系词填空。(1)Iamwondering________you'dliketocometotheparty.(2)WasitbecauseJackcamelateforschool________MrSmithgotangry?用重申句改写句子。(3)ImetMaryintheparkyesterday.__________________________________________(重申主语)__________________________________________(重申宾语)_______________________________________(重申地址状语)_______________________________________(重申时间状语)答案：(1)if/whether(2)that(3)ItwasIthat/whometMaryintheparkyesterday.ItwasMarythat/whoImetintheparkyesterday.ItwasintheparkthatImetMaryyesterday.ItwasyesterdaythatImetMaryinthepark.15．...itwasthefirsttimeinayearandahalfthatI'dseenthenightfacetoface...这仍是我一年半以来第一次目击夜晚[句式剖析]It/This/Thatisthefirst(second...)timethat...这/那是第一次(第二次)做某事，that从句的谓语动词用此刻达成时。如is改为was，则that从句的谓语动词用过去达成时。(1)Itwasthefirsttimethathe____________suchagoodchancetoworkabroad.这是他第一次获取了这样一个到外国工作的好时机。(2)Itisthefirsttimethatthey______________thiscity.这是他们第一次观光这座城市。答案：(1)hadgot(2)havevisited即学即练用所给词的适合形式填空。(1)It________(be)thefirsttimethatIhavevisitedEngland.(2)Itwasthesecondtimethatwe__________(see)her.(3)Thatwas__________(three)timethattheyhadbeentheretogether.答案：(1)is(2)hadseen(3)thethird应用落实14Ⅰ.单句拼写1．The______(整个的)villagewasdestroyed，andwewere_______(完好地，完全地)disappointed.2．Theadvisorhelpedhimto________(沉静)down，andhehastriedtoalwayskeep________(冷静的)sincethen.3.Itseemsthatheshowsno________(关怀)foranything，butinfactheis________(关怀)abouteverythingmuch.4．A________(系列)ofdifficultieshasmadehimstrongenoughtohavethe________(能力)todealwithwhathehasexperienced.5．Oneday，hisgoodfriend________(不搭理)himfornogoodreason，whichmadehim________(不安的)．6．Thetwosidesalways________(不一样意)witheachother，sobothofthemarelookingforwaysto________(解决)theirdisagreements.7．Hehad________(生病)fromaseriousillnessforalongtime，whichhefinally________(康复)from.8．Having________(互换)theiropinionsabouttheirtravelroute，theybeganto________(打包)uptheir________(行李箱)topreparefortheirjourney.9．Eventhoughhe________(不喜爱)beingofferedhelp，heisstill________(感激的)fortheirhelp.10．Whathe________(切实地)wantsistoliveahappylifeasa________(青少年)．答案：1.entireentirely2.calmcalm3.concernconcerned4.seriespower5.ignoredupset6．disagreesettle7.sufferedrecovered8.swappedpacksuitcase9.dislikesgrateful10.exactlyteenagerⅡ.单句语法填空在句中空白处填上适合的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。1．While____________(repair)theroof，hefoundthesecretinthechimney.2．ItwasthefirsttimethatI____________(find)himadishonestboy.3．Hekeptsilentabouttheaccidentsoasnot____________(fire)bythemanager.4．Fortunately，youhavethepower____________(change)allthat.5．Sheseemedtodothesethings____________purpose.6．AsfarasI'm____________(concern)，helikessinging.7．Everyfailureonemeetswithadds____________one'sexperience.8．Johnwasupset________theresultsofhisexam.9．Thenewgovernmenthasbeen____________powerforthreeyears.10．____________wasIthatmetMaryinthestreetyesterday.答案：1.repairing2.hadfound3.tobefired4.tochange5.on6.concerned7.to8.about9.in10.ItⅢ.选词填空(注意形式的变化)addup；beconcernedabout；gothrough；setdown；calmdown；sufferfrom；gettiredof；joinin；getalongwith；fallinlovewith1．Hewassoangrythathecouldhardly__________．2．PleasespeakslowlysothatIcan____________yourcellphonenumberandaddress.153．________________alltheexpensesandyou'llfindthatyoucanaffordthetrip.4．Youmustremember：Almosteveryonehad______________manydifficultiesbeforetheysucceeded.5．Thepublic__________________________________________foodsafetysincetheaccidentshappened.6．She________________headache，soshewon'tgotoschool.7．Whenhesawthebeautifulgirlatfirstsight，he_______her.8．Ihopethateveryonewillbeableto____________thefun.9．Howareyou__________yourclassmatesinthenewschool?10．“I've__________________________lookingatnaturethroughdirtycurtainsanddustywindows，”Annetoldherfather.答案：1.calmdown2.setdown3.Addup4.gonethrough5.havebeenconcernedabout6.hassufferedfrom7.fellinlovewith8.joinin9.gettingalongwith10．gottiredof语言运用依据课本内容(P6～7)达成以下句子(一空一词)。1．I________________________________________myclassmatesatthemoment.我这会儿和同学之间出了点麻烦。2．I________________________________________aboyinmyclass.此刻，我和我们班的一个男生相处得特别好。3．Theysay________thisboyandI__________________________________．他们说这个男孩和我已经相爱了。4．________Itrytotalktomyclassmates，Istillfind________hard________________________________________________．只管我已经全力和我的同学沟通，但我依旧发现很难和他们成为好朋友。5．I________wanttochangethissituation，________Idon'tknow________．我特别想改变这类状况，但我不知道如何改变。6．Thesituationiseasy________________ifyou________my________．假如你采用我的建议的话，则状况很简单改变。答案：1.amhavingsometroublewith2.amgettingalongwellwith3.thathavefalleninlove4.Althoughittomakegoodfriendswiththem5.dobuthow6.tochangetakeadvice语法打破触类旁通语法精讲直接引语和间接引语用法解说引用或转述他人说的话有两种方法：直接引述他人的原话，叫直接引语(directspeech)。用自己的话转述他人的话，叫间接引语(indirectspeech)。MrBlacksaid，“I'mbusy.”(直接引语)MrBlacksaidthathewasbusy.(间接引语)②Hisfathersaidtohim，“Youshouldbemorecarefulnexttime.”(直接引语)Hisfathertoldhimthatheshouldbemorecarefulthenexttime.(间接引语)1．人称的变化。直接引语改为间接引语人称要相应地变化。口诀以下：一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新。“一随主”即把直接引语中的第一人称(如：I，me，my，mine，we，us，our，ours)变16为与主句的主语相一致的人称。“二随宾”即把直接引语中的第二人称(you，your，yours)变为和主句的间接宾语(即听话人，如无听话人，可依据上下文确立一个人称)相一致的人称。“第三人称不更新”即直接引语中的第三人称(he，him，his，she，hers，it，its，they，their，theirs，them)变为间接引语时，人称不变。一随主：Hesaid，“Ilikeitverymuch.”→Hesaidthathelikeditverymuch.(I改为he，it不变)二随宾：Hesaid，“Youtoldmethisstory.”→HesaidthatIhadtoldhimthatstory.(You改为I，me改为him，told改为hadtold)第三人称不更新：Hesaidtome，“She'sleftherbookinyourroom.”→Hetoldmethatshehadleftherbookinmyroom.(She's改为shehad，her不变，your改为my)2．时态的变化。(1)主句的谓语动词是一般过去时。如主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，变间接引语时，从句的谓语动词在时态方面要做相应的变化。直接引语改为间接引语时，动词时态相应变化见下表：直接引语间接引语一般此刻时一般过去时此刻进行时过去进行时此刻达成时过去达成时一般过去时过去达成时过去达成时过去达成时一般未来时过去未来时一般未来进行时过去未来进行时一般未来达成时过去未来达成时①Hesaid，“IusuallywatchTVonSunday.”HesaidthatheusuallywatchedTVonSunday.②Hesaid，“I'musingtheknife.”Hesaidthathewasusingtheknife.Hesaid，“Icametohelpyou.”→Hesaidthathehadcometohelpme.名师点津：直接引语假如是客观真谛、名人名言，与一个详细的过去时间连用说明客观事实，变为间接引语时，时态不变。④Theteachersaid，“Theearthisround.”Theteachersaidthattheearthisround.⑤Hesaid，“IwasborninShandongin1965.”HesaidthathewasborninShandongin1965.(2)主句的谓语动词是此刻时或未来时。假如主句的谓语动词是此刻时或未来时，直接引语变为间接引语时，时态就一律不变。①Hesays，“Ifinishedthework.”Hesaysthathefinishedthework.②Hewillsay，“Ihavewateredtheflowers.”Hewillsayhehaswateredtheflowers.173．指示代词、时间状语和地址状语的相应变化见下表：种类直接引语间接引语指示代词this/thesethat/thosenowthentodaythatdaytonightthatnightthisweek(month...)thatweek(month...)yesterdaythedaybefore时间状语lastweek(month...)theweek(month...)beforetwoweekstwoweeks(month)ago(months)beforetomorrowthenextdaynextweek(month...)thenextweek(month...)地址状语herethere动词comegobringtake①Hesaid，“ImetMrSmiththismorning.”HesaidthathehadmetMrSmiththatmorning.②Hesaid，“Wewenttothecinemayesterday.”Hesaidtheyhadgonetothecinemathedaybefore.巧记：当直接引语为陈说句，主句为过去不时，变为间接引语的“顺口溜”是：去掉引号加that，人称变化要灵巧，时态向退后一步，状语变化按规定。③Shesaid，“Mybrotherdoesn'twanttogothere.”→Shesaidthatherbrotherdidn'twanttocomehere.4．连结词的选择。(1)直接引语是陈说句，变为间接引语时，常变为由that指引的宾语从句。在口语中，that能够省略。①Hesaid，“Iwascookingwhentheearthquakehappened.”Hesaid(that)hewascookingwhentheearthquakehappened.名师点津：直接引语是陈说句时，若变为间接引语，主句谓语动词“saidtosb”常改为“toldsb”。②Shesaidtome，“Icamebackanhourago.”Shetoldme(that)shehadcomebackanhourbefore.直接引语是一般疑问句、选择疑问句或反义疑问句，间接引语顶用whether(...or...或．..ornot)或if指引。Hesaid，“AreyouinterestedinEnglish？”Heasked(me)if/whetherIwasinterestedinEnglish.名师点津：假如主句中谓语动词是said，则将其改为asked。直接引语为特别疑问句时，间接引语仍用原句中的特别疑问词来指引，其余的变化依照直接引语和间接引语之间的变换规则来进行。“What'syourname？”heaskedme.18Heaskedmewhatmynamewas.名师点津：疑问句的直接引语变间接引语时，要把疑问语序变为陈说语序。语法冲关Ⅰ.将以下直接引语变为间接引语1．Hesaid，“I'veleftmybookinmyroom.”Hesaid_____________________________________________.2．ShesaidtoTom,“Canyouhelpme？”She________Tom________________________________.3．Shesaid,“Hewillbebusy.”Shesaid_____________________________________________.4．Theteacherasked，“Howdidyourepairit？”Theteacheraskedme_________________________________.5．Theteachersaid,“Practicemakesperfect.”Theteachersaid_________________________________.6．Hesaid,“Wearestillstudents.”Hesaid____________________________________________.7．Theyoungmansaidtome，“Iwasbornin1990.”Theyoungmantoldme________________________________.8．Hesaid，“ThefilmhadbegunwhenIgottothecinema.”Hesaidthat__________________________________________.9．Iaskedtheteacher，“Whenshallwehaveoursportsmeeting？”Iaskedtheteacher____________oursportsmeeting.10．Shesaid，“I'lldoittonight.”Shesaidthatshewoulddoit____________________________.答案：1.thathehadlefthisbookinhisroom2．askedwhetherhecouldhelpher3．thathewouldbebusy4．howIrepairedit5．thatpracticemakesperfect6．thattheywerestillstudents7．thathewasbornin19908．thefilmhadbegunwhenhegottothecinema9．whenweshouldhave10．thatnightⅡ.达成句子1．Hesaid_______________________________toseehisfriend.他说他会去看他的朋友。2．Shesaid______________________________apen.她说她已丢了一支钢笔。3．WangYongsaidthat_________________onApril20，1980.王勇说他出生于1980年4月20日。4．Theguestsaskedme__________________theirdinner.客人们问我他们将何时吃饭。5．Hesaidthat__________________atsixeverymorning.19他说他每日清晨六点读英语。6．Thegirlasked_________________________thehidingplace.女孩问她们应当何时走开安身的地方。7．Shetoldme(that)__________________anhourbefore.她告诉我她一个小时前回来的。8．Theguidesaid_______________________________in1980.导游说这座桥竣工于1980年。答案：1.thathewouldgo2.thatshehadlost3.hewasborn4.whentheywouldhave5.hereadEnglish6．whentheyshouldleave7.shehadcomeback8．thatthebridgewascompletedⅢ.语法填空在句中空白处填上适合的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。A：Lookatyoungpeoplenowadays.Theyhaveeverything.Theyare1.________(complete