情态动词的用法及练习(附答案)

第1第1类：十大情态动词can/could/may/might/must/oughtto/shall/should/will/would第2类：半情态词及充当情态动词的词hadbetter/beableto/haveto/usedto/need/dare第3类：情态词+have+过去分词musthavep.p./mayhavep.p./mighthavep.p./couldhavep.p./couldn’thavep.p./wouldhavep.p./shouldhavep.p./oughttohavep.p./shouldn’thavep.p./needn’thavep.p.第1&2类:词形词的含义例句can①“能力”②“允许”③“可能性”(0%)④“请求”IcanspeakEnglish.CanIgotothetoilet.Itcan’tbeSusan.SheisinParis.Canyouhelpme?could①“过去的能力”②“过去的允许”③“可能性”(30%)④“请求”,比can更客气⑤“建议”⑥“将来的一种可能性”ShecouldspeakEnglishWhenshewas5yearsold.CouldIborrowyourdictionary?ItcouldgetmuchcolderinJanuary.Couldyoupleasesaythatagainmoreslowly.Wecouldtrytofixitourselves.Ithinkwecouldgotowaragain.beableto“能力”=can,但比can的时态更具多样性。can无法表达的时态，用beableto表达。ShewillbeabletoteachEnglish.(一般将来时)Shewasabletotalkwhenshewas2yearsold.(一般过去时)Iwouldlovetobeabletoplaythepiano.(动词不定式)may①“请求、允许”(比较礼貌)②“将来的可能性”(50%)③may在更多的时态中经常用beallowedto来代替MayIcomein?Itmayraintomorrow.might“较小的可能性”(≤30%)ImightmovetoCanadasomeday.must①“必须”(责任、义务)②“可能性”(推测)(100%)③“禁止”(否定式)Everyonemustpaytaxes.Shedidn’tarrive.Shemustbesick.Youmustn’tplaywithfire.It’sdangerous.haveto①“必须、不得不”(客观上不得不做)②多种时态里面代替“must”,因must只有一般现在，但haveto可以有多种时态。③“不必”(don’thaveto)Ihavetobebackat10o’clock.Shehadtoseedoctor.(一般过去时)You'llhavetoworkhardifyouwantto….(一般将来时)She'shadtoreturntoKoreaatshortnotice.(现在完成时)Youdon’thavetoworkthisevening.Icandothetasksforyou.need①need作为实义动词时，needto=haveto②need作为情态动词时，用在否定句和疑问句中。Youneedtoappealtoahighercourt.(实义动词)Dotheyneedtoknow?(实义动词)Heneedn’tknowaboutit.NeedIsaymore?should①“应该、建议”②“合理的可能性”③“不确定的预测”Youshouldgotothedoctor.Heshouldbefine.Profitsshouldincreasenextyear.oughtto“应该、建议”=should,但oughtto没有否定形式Yououghttodrivemorecarefully.shall①“法定义务上的必须”②“提议、建议”③英国英语，一般将来时助动词=willThedefendantshallpayafineof$200.Shallwebegin?ShallIhelpyouwithyourluggage?Ishallgoshoppingtomorrow.will①“自愿性的行为”②“承诺”③“预测”Iwillmakedinner.Iwillcallyouat4pm.Thesummerwillbeveryhot.would①will的过去式②“请求允许”③“礼貌性邀请”④“预测”Hesaidhewouldcome.WouldyoumindifIbroughtacolleaguewithme?Wouldyouliketojoinmeforlunch?Iwouldbesurprisedifheisnotelectedusedto仅仅用于一般过去时①“过去常做某事”(usedtodo)否定句:didn’tusetodo,通常用never代替didn’t疑问句:Did…usetodo②“过曾经做过某事”③区别beusedto“习惯于”,beusedto+doingIusedtodrinkcoffeeeverymorningbutnowIdrinktea.Ididn’tusetosmoke.Ineverusedtosmoke.Didyouusetosmoke?SheusedtoliveinLondonbutnowshelivesinNewYork.Iamusedtosmoking.(我习惯于抽烟)，比较下面一个句子。Iusedtosmoke.(我曾经抽烟)hadbetter①“建议”最好…做(不做)否定式hadbetternot②“警告”You’dbettersleepmore.You’dbetternotdothatagain.IhadbetterstudyorIwillfailthetest。dare①作为普通动词,“dareto(do)sth,敢做某事”,与其它实义动词用法一致，用于否定句和疑问句中的情况较多一些。不定式可以省略to.②作为普通动词,“daresbtodo,打赌…不敢做某事”③作为情态动词,dare后加not,直接否定,dare提至句首提问,与can的用法类似。④固定用法:Howdareyou,she…?你敢，她敢…?don'tyoudare…!你敢…!dareIsayit大意是“说句不中听的话”Idaresay=Idaresay,我敢说…(daresay只用于一般现在时第一人称)Idon'tdare(to)thinkhowmuchit'sgoingtocost.Ineverdared(to)tellherwhathadreallyhappenedDoyoudare(to)tellhimthenews?Idareyoutoclimbthathill.(我谅你不敢爬那座山)Shedaredhimtoclimbontotheroof.(她打赌他不敢爬屋顶)Idaresaythatthecomputerwouldprovideananswertothat.Idaren'tthinkhowmuchit'sgoingtocost.(直接加not否定)Dareyoutellhimthenews?(疑问句，dare提到句首)Howdareyou?(你敢？)Howdareyoutalktomelikethat!(你竟敢那样跟我说话!)Don’tyoudaretryto\o"stop"stopme!(你敢阻止我？)Mylifehasbecomepredictableand,dareIsayit,justalittledull.我的生活变得可预测，说句不中听的话，就是有点枯燥。IdaresaytheywillbeexpectedtogodowntoBuckinghamshire.第3类1.couldhavep.p.①指过去某事有可能发生,但并未真的发生。Theycouldhavewontherace,buttheydidn'ttryhardenough.Hecouldhavestudiedharder,buthewastoolazyandthat'swhyhefailedtheexam.②指过去有能力做某事,但并未真的做过。Icouldhavestayeduplate,butIdecidedtogotobedearly.Juliecouldhaveboughtthebook,butsheborroweditfromthelibraryinstead.③对过去的发生事情做出一种猜测，但实际上并不知道真假。仅仅是做一种观点上的表达。Hecouldhavegotstuckintraffic.Hecouldhaveforgottenthatweweremeetingtoday.Hecouldhaveoverslept.2.may/mighthavep.p.(用法与couldhavep.p.第③点相同)对过去的发生事情做出一种猜测，但实际上并不知道真假。仅仅是做一种观点上的表达。Hemighthavegotstuckintraffic.Hemighthaveforgottenthatweweremeetingtoday.Hemighthaveoverslept.3.couldn'thavep.p.渴望、期望做某事,但由于外部原因不可能做成,即便是很想做。是一种虚拟语气。Icouldn'thavearrivedanyearlier.Therewasaterribletrafficjam(=itwasimpossibleformetohavearrivedanyearlier).Hecouldn'thavepassedtheexam,evenifhehadstudiedharder.It'sareally,reallydifficultexam.4.should/oughttohavep.p.有一个好主意，该做而没有做。为此感到遗憾或惋惜。Youshould/oughttohavewarnedmeearlier.Ishouldhavestudiedharder!(=Ididn'tstudyveryhardandsoIfailedtheexam.I'msorryaboutthisnow.)Ishouldhavegonetobedearly(=Ididn'tgotobedearlyandnowI'mtired).5.shouldn'thavep.p.某事不该做、但是做了。对此进行批评。Ishouldn'thaveeatensomuchcake!(=IdideatalotofcakeandnowIdon'tfeelgood.)Heshouldn’thavetoldthem6.wouldhavep.p.①用于虚拟条件句IfIhadhadenoughmoney,Iwouldhaveboughtacar.(butIdidn'thaveenoughmoney,soIdidn'tbuyacar).②很渴望做某事，但由于外部原因，根本做不成。类似虚拟条件句，但不用if引导。Iwouldhavevisitedyou,butIforgotyouraddress.Iwouldhavegonetotheparty,butIwasreallybusy.

(=Iwantedtogototheparty,butIdidn'tbecauseIwasbusy.IfIhadn'tbeensobusy,Iwouldhavegonetotheparty.)Iwouldhavecalledyou,butIdidn'tknowyournumber.

(=IwantedtocallyoubutIdidn'tknowyournumber,soIdidn'tcallyou.)A:Nobodyvolunteeredtohelpuswiththefair

B:Iwouldhavehelpedyou.Ididn'tknowyouneededhelp.

(=IfIhadknownthatyouneededhelp,Iwouldhavehelpedyou.)7.musthavep.p.根据事件得出一种逻辑性的结论Peterhasarrivedlate.Hemusthavebeeninatrafficjam.根据Peter迟到了，在逻辑上推测Peter碰到了堵车。8.needn'thavep.p.不必做某事Youneedn’thaveboughtit.情态动词练习1选择正确的词填空(重难点)：1.Ididn’tfeelverywellyesterday.I.....eatanything.(couldn’t)cannot/couldn’t/couldn’t2.You.....lookatmewhenIamtalkingtoyou.(should)could/should/would3..Iwasusingmypencilaminuteago.It.....beheresomewhere.(must)can/could/must/would4.Youreally.....belateagain.(mustnot)mustnot/don’thavetobe5.Ifyoudon’tstartworkingharder,you.....repeatthecoursenextyear.(willhaveto)haveto/must/willhaveto6.Hisparentsspoilhim.He’salways.....todowhateverhewants.(beenable)beenable/beenableto7.Phonehernow.She.....homebynow.(mustbe)hastobe/mustbe/wouldbe8.You.....forgetyoursuncream.It’sgoingtobeveryhot!(mustn’t)don’thaveto/mustn’t/needn’t9.I.....beabletohelpyou,butI’mnotsureyet.(might)might/would10.Entrancetothemuseumwasfree.We.....paytogetin.(didn’tneedto)needn’t/didn’tneedto11.AlreadyasachildMozart.....playthepianobeautifully.(could)could/should/would12.Whichsignareyoumorelikelytoseeatanairport:Bags.....notbeleftunattended.(must)can/must/must13.Ireally.....trytogetfit.(must)May/must/would14......takeaphotographofyou?(MayI)AmIallowedto/MayI15.Students.....borrowupto6booksatanytime.(areallowedto)areallowedto/could16.Whoseisthisbag?-Idon’tknow,butit.....belongtoYuta.(may)could/may/should/would17......Igotothebathroom,please?(May)May/Must/Would18.Hisexcuse.....betrue,butIdon’tbelieve.(may)can/may19.It’sveryimportantto.....speakmorethanonelanguage.(beableto)can/beableto20.Idon’tlike.....getupearlyonaSunday.(havingto)beingableto/beingallowedto/havingto21......youspeakFrench?-Onlyafewwords,butmyRussianisprettygood.(Can)Can/Could22......youhelpmemovethistable?(Bothanswersarepossible.(Choosethemorepoliterequest.)(Could)Can/Could23.I.....talkalreadybeforeIwastwoyearsold.(could)could/should/would24.I.....helpyou,butIdon’twantto.(could)can/could/would25......youopenthewindow,please.(can)can/may26.I.....movethetable.Itwastooheavy.(couldn’t)couldn’t/mustn’t/shouldn’t/wouldn’t27.You.....putyourfeetonthecafeteriatables.(must)mustnot/donothaveto28.Ifyoucontinuetopractisesohard,you.....beatmebeforetoolong!(willbeableto)can/could/willbeableto29......youswim?(Botharepossible.Whichisbetter?)(Can)Areyouableto/Can30.You.....eatsomuchchocolate.It’snotgoodforyou.(shouldn’t)don’thaveto/don’thaveto/shouldn’t31.I’mafraidI.....playtennistomorrow.I’vegotadentistappointment.(can’t)can’t/couldn’t/wouldnotbeableto32.Youcancometothemeetingifyouwantbutyou......(don’thaveto)haveto/don’thaveto/mustn’t33.Whatdoyouwanttodo?-Well,we.....haveapicnic,butitlookslikerain.(could)can/could/should/would34.I’msohungryI.....eatahorse!(could)can/could/should/would35.Theteststartsat10.30.You.....belate.(mustn’t)don’thaveto/mustn’t36.Whydidn’tyoutellme?I.....you!(couldhavehelped)couldhelp/couldhavehelped/wasabletohelp/wouldhelp37.Howdidyoudointhetest?-Ok.It.....worse!(couldhavebeen)couldbe/couldhavebeen/mightbe/wouldhavebeen38.He.....brokentheclassroomwindow.Hewasn’teveninschooltoday.(couldn’thave)couldn’thave/mustn’t/shouldn’thave39.You.....tired.You’veonlyjustgotoutofbed!(can’tbe)don’thavetobe/can’tbe/mustn’tbe40.She.....beverypleasedwithherself.Shegotthebestgrades.(must)hasto/must/cannot情态动词练习2用couldhave/shouldhave/wouldhave填空1.I_______________(buy)breadbutIdidn'tknowweneededit.(pastpossibility).(couldhavebought)2.We________________(invite)somanypeopletoourparty!I'mworriedthatwewon'thaveenoughroomforeveryone.(pastnegativeadvice/regret)(shouldn'thaveinvited)3.I__________________(start)savingmoneyyearsago!(pastadvice/regret)(shouldhavestarted)4.We_______________(join)youattherestaurant,butwecouldn'tgetababysitter.(pastwillingness)(wouldhavejoined)5.Theweather_______________(be)anyworse!(pastnegativepossibility)(couldn'thavebeen)6.I__________________(arrive)ontime,evenifI'dleftearlier.Thereweredreadfultrafficjamsalltheway.(pastnegativepossibility)(couldn'thavearrived)7.They____________________(win)thefootballmatch,butJohnhurthisankle.(pastpossibility)(couldhavewon)8.Linda___________________(finish)thework,butshefeltillandhadtogohome.(pastwillingness)(wouldhavefinished)9.Lucy___________________(leave)earlier.Shemissedherflight.(pastadvice/regret)(shouldhaveleft)10.We___________________(finish)thegame,evenifwe'dwantedto.Itwasrainingveryhardandwehadtostop.(pastnegativepossibility)(couldn'thavefinished)11.I____________________(eat)somuchchocolate!Ifeelsick!(pastnegativeadvice/regret)(shouldn'thaveeaten)12.Luke__________________(pass)theexamifhe'dstudiedabitmore.(pastpossibility)(couldhavepassed)13.John__________________(call)Amy,buthedidn'thavehernumber.(pastwillingness)(wouldhavecalled)14.You___________________(be)rudetohim.He'sgoingtobereallyangrynow.(pastnegativeadvice/regret)(shouldn'thavebeen)15.She____________________(come)totherestaurantifshe'dleftworkearlier.(pastpossibility)(couldhavecome)16.You____________________(take)thisjob.Icanseeyou'renotenjoyingit.(pastnegativeadvice/regret)(shouldn'thavetaken)17.Theracewasreallydifficult.She_________________(win)becauseshe'snotfitenough.(pastnegativepossibility)(couldn'thavewon)18.Ourneighbours________________(cut)downthetreeintheirgarden.Itwasareallybeautifultree.(pastnegativeadvice/regret)(shouldn'thavecut)19.Thechildren___________________(do)theirhomeworklastnight.Thentheywouldn'tbepanickingonthewaytoschool.(pastadvice/regret)(shouldhavedone)20.I'mreallycold!I_______________(bring)mycoat.(pastadvice/regret)(shouldhavebrought)21.I_____________________(come)toseeyou!Ididn'tknowyouwereill.(pastwillingness)(wouldhavecome)22.Andrew_______________(go)toCambridgeUniversity,buthedecidedtotravelinstead.(pastpossibility)(couldhavegone)23.They_________________(be)kindertome.Theywereabsolutelylovely.(pastnegativepossibility)(couldn'thavebeen)24.You___________________(buy)somemilkattheshops.Wedon'thaveanymilk.(pastadvice/regret)(shouldhavebought)25.They__________________(come)tohavebreakfastwithus,buttheywenttobedtoolatethenightbefore.(pastwillingness)(wouldhavecome)情态动词练习3选择1.Myson___________behomebynow.Wherecanhebe?[D]A.HavetoB.wouldC.shouldD.could2.Ithinkyourthumbisbroken.You____________gototheemergencyroom.[C]A.mightB.couldC.oughttoD.can3.Ifyouareinterestedinlosingweight,you___________trythisnewdiet[A]A.couldB.mustn’tC.don’thavetoD.hadto4.John’sfallendownthestairs!I________callanambulance![A]A.WillB.mightC.mayD.oughtto5.You_______cometooearly.Wewon’tleaveuntil9o’clock.[C]A.hastoB.mustC.needn’tD.can’t6.Children________beaccompaniedbyanadultatthezoo.[B]A.oughttoB.mustC.wouldD.mustn’t7.You_________talkduringtests.It’sforbidden![B]A.don’thavetoB.mustn’tC.couldn’tD.oughtto8.Icanfeeltheheat.We_________benearthefire.[]A.canB.wouldC.mustD.haveto9.They________hearhimbecausehewaswhispering.[D]A.wouldn’tB.mustn’tC.shouldn’tD.couldn’t10.You’veneverheardofBritneySpears?You________beserious![C]A.mustB.hadtoC.can’tD.shouldn’t11.__________youliketohavedinnerwithmetonight?[D]A.couldB.mayC.shouldD.would12.You_________lethimhearaboutthepartytomorrow.It’sasurprise![A]A.mustn’tB.wouldn’tC.couldn’tD.can13.__________IspeaktotheChiefOfficer,please?[B]A.MustB.MayC.WouldD.Need14.Hehasarrivedlate.He_______missedthebus.[]A.musthaveB.shouldhaveC.couldhaveD.must情