湖南省雅礼中学届高三英语上学期11月月考试题三含解析

PAGEPAGE25湖南省雅礼中学2021届高三英语上学期11月月考试题（三）（含解析）时量：120分钟总分：150分第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ASWITZERLANDTRIPPLANNINGBestTimetoGoLikeanyothercountry,youcanvisitSwitzerlandatanytimeoftheyearandhaveafantastictime.However,there’salwaysa‘best’timeforwhatyouwanttodotheresoitisalwaysworthcheckingtheseasons.Italldependsonwhatyourplannedactivitiesare.Ifyouareintendingtoskiandsnowboard,besttogowhenthesnowisatitspeaktime.ActivityinSwitzerlandcanbebrokendownintothreetouristseasons:LowSeason(Oct.—Mar.),MidSeason!Apr.—Jun.&Sep.)andHighSeason(Jul.,Aug.&Dec.—Apr./Inthisseason,everythingisopenandbusy,andwatchyourbudget).RoughBudgetSwitzerlandisanexpensivecountrytotravelaroundbutitispossibletotravelhereforapproximately$70—100perdayifyoustayinhostels,cookmostofyourmealsanduselocaltransportonlywhennecessary.You’llfindthatfoodisquiteexpensiveaswellasaccommodation.However,theentireexperienceis100%worthit.Here’saroughcostofbasiccommodities.AccommodationBudget:$30—60dorms/$80—120budgethotelsMid-range:$150—200Splurge:$250—350+Food(TypicalMealForOne)Self-cateringlunch;$10—25Restaurant:$20lunch/$40dinnerVerynicerestaurant:$60+TransportCityBuses:$2.50—5IntercityTrains:$25—50ExcitingThingstoDoinSwitzerlandWithsomuchtoseeanddoinSwitzerland,planningatripcanbetough.HerearethethingsthatwehighlyrecommenddoinginInterlakenasitistheadventurecapitalofSwitzerland!Whetheryoulikeskydiving,paragliding,orgoingonajetboat,Interlakenofferseverythingandmoreforalladventure-seekersandanyonewholovestheoutdoors.SkydivinginSwitzerlandisaBUCKETLISTcometrueforanyadventure-seeker.Itisabsolutelyincredibleandissomethingwehighlyrecommend.SocheckoutourfullarticleonthingstodoinInterlakenforsomeideasandseealltheadventurousactivitiesavailableintheareathisyear!1.Whichcancontributetoyourbudgetof$70—100perdaywhentravelinginSwitzerland?A.Choosinghotelsforaccommodation. B.Cookingmealsasmuchasyoucan.C.Adoptinglocalmeansoftransport. D.Attemptingtotravelinpeakseasons.2.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.YoucanenjoyyourselftothefullestwhengoingskiinganytimeinSwitzerland.B.Interlakenalsoofferswateractivitiesbesidesadventureactivitieslikeskydiving.C.BothaccommodationandhikinginthemountainareexpensiveinSwitzerland.D.PlanningatripinInterlakencanbetoughbecausetheactivitiesaredangerous.3.Whereisthisarticlemostprobablyfrom?A.AgeographybookaboutSwitzerland. B.AnEnglishtextbook.C.AcompositiononSwitzerland. D.Atravelbrochure.【答案】1.B2.C3.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了去瑞士旅游的攻略，包括时间段、住宿、餐饮和游玩项目。【1题详解】细节理解题。由题干中的“budgetof$70—100perday（每天大约70到100美元的预算）”定位到“Switzerlandisanexpensivecountrytotravelaroundbutitispossibletotravelhereforapproximately$70—100perdayifyoustayinhostels,cookmostofyourmealsanduselocaltransportonlywhennecessary.（瑞士是一个旅游昂贵的国家，但如果你住在青年旅社，自己做饭，并且只在必要时使用当地交通工具，你可能每天花费大约70到100美元。）”可知，若想要在瑞士旅游一天花费为70到100美元，需要住青年旅社、自己做饭、只在必要时乘坐当地交通工具，故B项“自己多做饭”符合题意。故选B项。【2题详解】细节理解题。用排除法，根据BestTimeto部分的Go“Ifyouareintendingtoskiandsnowboard,besttogowhenthesnowisatitspeaktime.（如果你打算滑雪和单板滑雪，最好在雪的高峰时间去。）”可知，在瑞士滑雪需要选择一个适合滑雪的时间，故排除A项；根据ExcitingThingstoDoinSwitzerland部分的“Whetheryoulikeskydiving,paragliding,orgoingonajetboat,Interlakenofferseverythingandmoreforalladventure-seekersandanyonewholovestheoutdoors.（无论你喜欢跳伞、滑翔伞还是乘坐喷气式飞机，因特拉肯都为所有的冒险者和热爱户外的人提供了一切。）”可知，因特拉肯都提供的均为冒险活动，故排除B项；根据ExcitingThingstoDoinSwitzerland部分的“WithsomuchtoseeanddoinSwitzerland,planningatripcanbetough.（在瑞士有这么多要看的和要做的事情，计划一次旅行可能会很困难。）”可知，是在计划瑞士的旅行困难，而不是计划去因特拉肯旅行，更不是因为它的活动危险，因特拉肯反而是作者强烈推荐去的地方，故排除D项。根据RoughBudget部分的“Switzerlandisanexpensivecountrytotravelaroundbutitispossibletotravelhereforapproximately$70—100perdayifyoustayinhostels,cookmostofyourmealsanduselocaltransportonlywhennecessary.（瑞士是一个旅游昂贵的国家，但如果你住在青年旅社，自己做饭，并且只在必要时使用当地交通工具，你可能每天花费大约70到100美元。）”可知，在瑞士旅游的花费是很昂贵，由此可知C项正确。故选C项。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据文章的标题“SWITZERLANDTRIPPLANNING（瑞士的旅行计划）”可知，文章的内容主要是与瑞士旅游计划有关，故推测此文章可能来自于旅游指南。故选D项。【点睛】做细节理解题的一个技巧是要抓住题干中的关键词，通过关键词去定位该小题所对应的内容，然后仔细分析文章内容所表达的意思，从而在选出最符合题意的选项，如第1小题，由“budgetof$70—100perday（每天大约70到100美元的预算）”定位到“Switzerlandisanexpensivecountrytotravelaroundbutitispossibletotravelhereforapproximately$70—100perdayifyoustayinhostels,cookmostofyourmealsanduselocaltransportonlywhennecessary.（瑞士是一个旅游昂贵的国家，但如果你住在青年旅社，自己做饭，并且只在必要时使用当地交通工具，你可能每天花费大约70到100美元。）”这句话，若想要在瑞士旅游一天花费为70到100美元，需要住青年旅社、自己做饭、只在必要时乘坐当地交通工具，故B项自己多做饭符合题意。BAuntFanniewasBlueberryJamWoman.Ofcourseshewasn’treallymyaunt,andoutoffear,Inevercalledthattoherface.Thenamealwaysmademyfatherchuckle(轻笑)andmymotherlooksternly(严厉地)atbothofus—atmeforbeingdisrespectful,andatmyfatherforencouragingmybadbehavior.Ienjoyedbothreactions,soIlookedforeveryopportunitytoworkforthenameintoconversation.Asayoungwoman,mymotherhadworkedinthekitchenofalargeVictorianfarmhouseownedbyFannieCratty.FanniewasthelastoftheCrattyline;shehadnevermarried,andhadnolivingheirs(继承人).Myfatheroncetoldmethatitwasbecauseshewastoomeantoshareherfamilywealthorpassiton.AuntFanniewasnotedforherjam,andforneversharingtherecipewithanotherlivingsoul.Eventhoughmymotherknewitbyheart,aslongasAuntFanniewasalive,shenevermadethejamwithoutMissCrattyinourkitchentodirecttheprocessandpreservethesecret.Oneyear,afterIhadbeenparticularlyhelpfulwiththejam-makingprocess.AuntFanniegavemeaquarterandthenmademepromiseIwouldneverspendit.“Holdontothisquarter,”shesaid,“andsomedayyouwillberich.Istillhavemyfirstveryquarter.”Ithadobviouslyworkedforher,soIputthat1938quarterinasmallbox,putitinmydresserdrawer,andwaitedtobecomerich.Inowhavetheblueberry-jamrecipeandthequarterfromAuntFannie.Neitherhassignificantlycontributedtomywealth,butIkeepthemtoremindmyselftoholdontothevaluablethingsinlife.Moneycanmakeyoufeelrichforawhile,butitisyourrelationships,andyourmemoriesoftimespentwithfriendsandfamily,thattrulyleaveyouwealthy.Andthatisafortunethatanyonecanbuild.4.Wheredidthe“fear”mentionedinthefirstparagraphcomefrom?A.Thatyear’sblueberryharvesthadbeenpoor.B.AuntFanniewastoooldtokeepmakingjam.C.Theauthor’smothercouldn’thelpAuntFannieharvesttheblueberries.D.TheauthorknewitwasimpolitetocallAuntFannieBlueberryJamWoman.5.Fromthesecondparagraphwelearnthat________.A.AuntFanniehadnochildren B.AuntFanniewaswillingtoshareherrecipeC.theauthoroftenhelpedAuntFanniemakejam D.theauthor’smotheralwaysmadethejamalone6.Whatdidtheauthor’smotherfeeltowardsAuntFannie?A.Disgusted. B.Surprised. C.Affectionate. D.Disappointed.7.Whatdoestheauthortrytotellus?A.Tomakenewfriendseasily. B.Nottoputapriceongenerosity.C.Nottothinkofkindnessasaburden. D.Totreasurethetimespentwithfamilyandfriends.【答案】4.D5.A6.C7.D【解析】这是一篇记叙文。作者通过讲述Fannie姨妈和她的蓝莓酱配方，向我们说明金钱只可以暂时让人感觉富有，唯有和他人的关系以及和朋友、家人们一起度过的美好时光才会让我们变得真正富有。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中“AuntFanniewasBlueberryJamWoman.Ofcourseshewasn’treallymyaunt,andoutoffear,Inevercalledthattoherface.Thenamealwaysmademyfatherchuckle(轻笑)andmymotherlooksternly(严厉地)atbothofus—atmeforbeingdisrespectful,andatmyfatherforencouragingmybadbehavior.”可知Fannie姨妈是“蓝莓果酱女士”。当然，她并不真是我的姨妈，出于恐惧，我从来没有当着她的面这么叫过。这个名字总是让父亲咯咯地笑，母亲则严厉地看着我们俩——看着我，是因为我不尊重别人；看着父亲，是因为他纵容我的坏行为。由此可推知，第一段提到作者出于“恐惧”，是因为作者知道称呼Fannie阿姨“蓝莓果酱女士”是不礼貌的。故选D。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“shehadnevermarried,andhadnolivingheirs(继承人).”可知她从未结过婚，也没有继承人。由此可知，Fannie姨妈没有孩子。故选A。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中“Thenamealwaysmademyfatherchuckle(轻笑)andmymotherlooksternly(严厉地)atbothofus—atmeforbeingdisrespectful,andatmyfatherforencouragingmybadbehavior.(这个名字总是让父亲咯咯地笑，母亲则严厉地看着我们俩——看着我，是因为我不尊重别人；看着父亲，是因为他纵容我的坏行为)”以及第二段中“Eventhoughmymotherknewitbyheart,aslongasAuntFanniewasalive,shenevermadethejamwithoutMissCrattyinourkitchentodirecttheprocessandpreservethesecret.(尽管我母亲早已熟记于心，但只要Fannie姨妈还活着，没有Cratty小姐在我们厨房指导制作过程，她从来不会做这种果酱，并且保守秘密)”由此可推知，作者的妈妈不允许丈夫和作者不礼貌地称呼Fannie姨妈“蓝莓果酱女士”，以及虽然已经知道果酱的做法，还是要在Fannie姨妈在场的时候才制作这种果酱，可推知作者的母亲对Fannie姨妈很有感情。故选C。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Neitherhassignificantlycontributedtomywealth,butIkeepthemtoremindmyselftoholdontothevaluablethingsinlife.Moneycanmakeyoufeelrichforawhile,butitisyourrelationships,andyourmemoriesoftimespentwithfriendsandfamily,thattrulyleaveyouwealthy.Andthatisafortunethatanyonecanbuild.”可知，它们都没有给我带来财富，但我保留它们是为了提醒自己要珍惜生活中有价值的东西。金钱能让你暂时感到富有，但真正让你富有的是你的人际关系，以及你与朋友和家人共度的时光的记忆。这是任何人都可以创造的财富。由此可推知，作者想告诉我们要珍惜与家人和朋友在一起的时间。故选D。CLizard(蜥蜴)speciesmayalreadyhavedeclinedpastthepointofnoreturnintheworld.Whatisthereason?Risingtemperatures.Researchersestimatethatasmuchas40percentoflizardspeciesworldwidewilldieoutby2080.Theproblemisthattemperaturesinmanyregionswherelizardslivehavechangedtoofastfortheanimalstokeeppace.BarrySinervofromtheDepartmentofEcologyandEvolutionaryBiologyattheUniversityofCaliforniainSantaCruz,alongwithcolleaguesfromacrosstheglobe,reachedthatconclusionbytakingcurrentdataonMexicanlizards.Theyalsoestimatedthat4percentoflocalspecieshavealreadydisappearedworldwide.Thatnumbercouldjumpto20percentby2080ifcarbondioxidelevelsaren’tloweredtoreducewarming.Theteamlooked48speciesofSceloporuslizardat200sitesaroundMexico.Thesiteswerefirstsampledfrom1975to1995.By2010,researchcouldnotfindlizardsat12percentofthosesites.Lizardsthatbearliveyoungareespeciallyatriskofdyingout,theresearcherspointout,comparedtothatlayeggs.“Live-bearershavelowerbodytemperaturesthatheightentheriskofdying,”Sinervosaidinastatement.Wearewatchingthesespeciesdisappearbeforeoureyes.”Althoughcurrentevidenceshowsthatclimatechangeisaffectingthehabitatrangesofmanyspecies,thereisstillalotofuncertaintyabouthowmuchclimatechangewillaffectspecies,researcherssay.ManyMexicanlizardspeciesliveinhighaltitude“islands”,whereclimatechangehappensthefastest.Thelizardscannotadjustfastenoughtosurvive.Thescientistssaytheydonotthinktheanimalsarelikelytosavethemselvesjustbymovingsomewhereelseeither.“HowquicklycanEarth’slizardsadapttotherisingglobaltemperatures?That’stheimportantquestion,”Sinervosaidinapressrelease."Weareactuallyseeinglowlandspeciesmovingupward,slowlydrivinguplandspeciesoutoftheirhabitats.Iftheuplandspeciescan’tevolvefastenough,theywilldieout.”8.Whichofthefollowinglizardsfaceahigherriskofdyingout?A.Lizardsatlowaltitudes. B.Lizardsthatbeartheiryoung.C.Lizardsthatlayeggs. D.Lizardsinastableenvironment.9.AccordingtoBarrySinervoandhiscolleagues,________.A.theirconclusionisbasedoncurrentdataonvariouskindsoflizardsB.20percentoflocalspecieshavealreadydisappearedworldwideC.theyareuncertainabouthowmuchclimatechangewillaffectspeciesD.theyareseeinghighlandspeciesmovingdownward10.Theuplandlizardsareaffectedgreatlybytheclimatechangebecauseof________.A.theirlivinghabitats’destruction B.theirlivingskillsC.highlandspeciesmovingdownward D.theiradaptivecapacity11.Thepurposeofthispassageisto________.A.provethatearthisnotsuitableforlizardsB.warnthatlizardsmaydieoutquicklyduetotheclimatechangeC.explainwhynomorelizardswillbefoundby2080D.emphasizethatthehabitatoflizardsischanginggreatly【答案】8.B9.C10.A11.B【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了由于气温的上升，蜥蜴物种的数量可能已经下降到了不可逆转的地步。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Lizardsthatbearliveyoungareespeciallyatriskofdyingout,theresearcherspointout,comparedtothatlayeggs.(研究人员指出，与产卵的蜥蜴相比，生育幼崽的蜥蜴尤其面临灭绝的危险。)”可知，生育幼崽的蜥蜴面临更大的灭绝风险。故选B。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第五段“Althoughcurrentevidenceshowsthatclimatechangeisaffectingthehabitatrangesofmanyspecies,thereisstillalotofuncertaintyabouthowmuchclimatechangewillaffectspecies,researcherssay.(研究人员说，尽管目前的证据表明气候变化正在影响许多物种的栖息地范围，但气候变化将在多大程度上影响物种仍有很多不确定性。)”可知，BarrySinervo和他的同事们不确定气候变化会在多大程度上影响物种。故选C。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Weareactuallyseeinglowlandspeciesmovingupward,slowlydrivinguplandspeciesoutoftheirhabitats.Iftheuplandspeciescan’tevolvefastenough,theywilldieout.(事实上，我们看到低地物种正向高处迁移，慢慢地将高地物种赶出它们的栖息地。如果高原物种进化速度不够快，它们就会灭绝。)”可推断，气候变化对山地蜥蜴的影响很大是因为生活环境的破坏。故选A。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了由于气温的上升，蜥蜴物种的数量可能已经下降到了不可逆转的地步。从而可以推断出，此文的目的是警告人们由于气候变化，蜥蜴可能会很快灭绝。故选B。DWearealwaysbeingtoldbythedepartmentofHealthtoeatfiveportionsoffruitandvegetablesaday.Butit’snotclearwheretheevidenceforthiscomesfrom,andalargestudybytheEuropeanProspectiveInvestigationIntoCancerandNutrition(EPIC)twoyearsagoofthedietaryintakeofmorethan400,000peoplefoundonlyaweaklinkbetweeneatingfruitandvegetablesandareductioninoverallcancerrisk.Thereisnoevidenceitreducesbreastcancer.Evenso,howcouldanyoneargueagainsteatingmorefruitandvegetables?Well,itdependsonwhatfruityouareeating.AreviewarticleintheCanadianMedicalAssociationJournalwarnsthatachemicalingrapefruitcaninteractlethallywithcertainmedicines.Evenapplejuice,thestapleofmanybreakfasttables,maypreventourabsorptionofsomedrugs.Parentsalsooftenthinkfruitjuiceisahealthyalternativetofizzydrinks,butjuicescontainsugarandcaloriestoo—asmuchasaglassofCoke—soshouldbedrunkinmoderation.Grapefruithasalsobeenlinkedtoanincreaseinbreastcancer.AstudyintheBritishJournalofCancer(BJC)of500,000womenfoundthateatingaquarterofthefruitadayincreasedtheriskby30%.Thesolution?Thereisonegoodreasonfornoteatinggrapefruit—ittastessour.Butitisunlikelytoincreaseyourriskofgettingbreastcancer;furtherresearchbytheBJCshowednoincreaseinratesofbreastcancerforwomenwhotuckintograpefruitordrinkjuice.Grapefruitcontainsatypeofchemicalcalledfuranocoumarin,whichpreventsthebreakdownofsomeprescriptiondrugs.Asaresultconcentrationofthesedrugsrise,andcanhaveseriousside-effects,includingkidneydamage,heartblockage,anddeep-veinthrombosis.Patientinformationleafletsshouldtellyouwhatfoodstoavoidwithwhichdrugs.Ifindoubtaskyourdoctor.Soyoudon’tneedtoeatlessfruit,andmanystillneedtoeatmore.AnotherpaperfromtheEPICstudyfounda225reductionindeathsfromheartattacksinpeoplewhoateeightportionsoffruitandvegetablesadaycomparedtothosewhoatethreeorfewer.Thewaythestudywasdesigned,however,meansthatitcanonlysuggestalink—itcan’tproveone.12.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.Everyoneshouldeatmoregrapefruit.B.Peopleshouldeatfruitselectively.C.Parentsshouldhavetheirchildrendrinkmorefruitjuice.D.Eatingfruitandvegetableshasbeenproventoreduceoverallcancerrisk.13.Whatdocstheunderlinedword“lethally”probablymean?A.Closely. B.Wrongly. C.Dangerously. D.Quickly.14.Whatdowelearnaboutgrapefruit?A.Itincreasestheriskofheartblockage. B.Itreducesdeathsfromheartattacks.C.Itreducesabsorptionofsomedrugs. D.Itcausesincreasesofbreastcancerinwomen.15.Whichofthefollowingquestionsdoestheauthormainlyanswer?A.Whatisgrapefruit?B.Shouldpeopleeatlessfruit?C.Howcanonereducetheriskofgettingbreastcancer?D.Whatshouldpatientinformationleafletstellpeople?【答案】12.B13.C14.D15.D【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了一项大型研究发现，吃水果和蔬菜与降低整体癌症风险之间只有微弱的联系。相反，人们应该谨慎食用某些水果，并列举了这些会与药物发生反应或影响药物吸收的水果，以及说明了病人信息单上应该包含的一些信息。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Well,itdependsonwhatfruityouareeating.AreviewarticleintheCanadianMedicalAssociationJournalwarnsthatachemicalingrapefruitcaninteractlethallywithcertainmedicines.Evenapplejuice,thestapleofmanybreakfasttables,maypreventourabsorptionofsomedrugs.Parentsalsooftenthinkfruitjuiceisahealthyalternativetofizzydrinks,butjuicescontainsugarandcaloriestoo—asmuchasaglassofCoke—soshouldbedrunkinmoderation.”可知，好吧，这取决于你吃什么水果。加拿大医学协会杂志上的一篇评论文章警告说，葡萄柚中的一种化学物质会与某些药物产生致命的相互作用。甚至许多早餐桌上的主食苹果汁也可能会阻止我们吸收某些药物。父母也经常认为果汁是碳酸饮料的健康替代品，但是果汁也含有糖和卡路里——和一杯可乐一样多——所以应该适度饮用。由此可推知，人们应该选择性地吃水果。故选B。【13题详解】词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“AreviewarticleintheCanadianMedicalAssociationJournalwarnsthatachemicalingrapefruitcaninteract”以及后文“withcertainmedicines”可知，加拿大医学协会杂志上的一篇评论文章警告说，葡萄柚中的一种化学物质会与某些药物产生危险的相互作用，因而要谨慎食用。由此可知，划线词意思为“危险的”。A.Closely.亲密地；B.Wrongly.错误地；C.Dangerously.危险地；D.Quickly.快速地。故选C。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Grapefruithasalsobeenlinkedtoanincreaseinbreastcancer.AstudyintheBritishJournalofCancer(BJC)of500,000womenfoundthateatingaquarterofthefruitadayincreasedtheriskby30%.”可知，葡萄柚还与乳腺癌的增加有关。《英国癌症杂志》对50万名女性进行的一项研究发现，每天吃四分之一的葡萄柚会使患乳腺癌疾病的风险增加30%。由此可知，葡萄柚会导致妇女患乳腺癌的几率增加。故选D。【15题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Patientinformationleafletsshouldtellyouwhatfoodstoavoidwithwhichdrugs.”可知，病人信息单应该告诉你哪些食物和哪些药物应该避免。由此可知，作者主要回答了D选项“病人信息单应该告诉人们什么信息？”的问题。故选D。第二节(共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。TheChampionSnorer(打鼾者)ItwastheCedarRapidssleeper(卧铺车).Outside,itwasasdarkastheinsideofanink-bottle.Inthesleepingcarpeopleslept.Ortriedit.SomeofthemsleptlikeChristianmenandwomen,peacefully,sweetlyandquietly.Otherssleptlikedemons(恶魔)asthoughitwastheirmissiontokeepeverybodyelseawake.____16____Weneverheardanythingsnorelikehim.Itwasthemostsystematicsnoringthatwaseverdone,evenononeofthesetournamentsofsnoring,asleepingcar.____17____O,no!Therewasmorecold-bloodedmagicinhissystemthanthat.Hewaiteduntileverybodyhadhadatasteofsleep,justtoseehowniceandpleasantitwas;andthenhebrokeinontheirsoundsleeplikeawinged,breathingdemon,andtheyneverknewwhatpeacewasagainthatnight.___18___Weallhopeditwasanaccident,however;and,trustingthathewouldn’tdoitagain,weallforgavehim.Thenheruinedourhopesandspoiledthesweetsincerityofourforgivenessbyalong-drawn“Gw-a-h-h-hah!”thatsoundedtoomuchlikebusinesstobeaccidental.____19____Butthesleeperin"lowerthree”wentoninlong-drawn,regularrhythmsthatindicatedgoodstayingqualities,“Gwa-a-a-h!Gwa-a-a-h!Gahwayway!Gahway-wah!Gahwa-a-ah!”Evidentlyitwasgoingtolastallnight;andtheexhaustedheadsdroppedbackonthesleeplesspillows,andthescoldingbegan.____20____Heshotoffanannoying“Gwook!”whichsoundedasthoughhisnosehadgotmadathimandhecontinuedtodisappointeverybodywithaguttural(似喉间发出的)“Gurroch!”Thenhepausedagainforbreathandwhenhehadaccumulatedenough,heletoutamoredisturbing“Kowpff!”thatnearlyshottheroofoffthesleepingcar.A.Prettysoon“lowerthree”gaveusalittlevariation.B.Thentherewasapause,andheawakenedfromsleepandlookedatus.C.Hedidn’tbeginassoonasthelampswereturneddownandeverybodywasinbed.D.Ofthesethemaninlowernumberthreewastheworst.E.Justastheotherpassengershadconsultedtogetherhowtheymightstophim,morningdawned.F.Theneveryheadinthesleepingcarwasheldoffthepillowforaminute,waitingtoheartheworst.G.Hestartedoutwithterrific“Gu-r-r-rt!”thatopenedeveryeyeinthecar.【答案】16.D17.C18.G19.F20.A【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章详细描述了一趟卧铺列车上一个打鼾特别厉害的呼噜王整夜打呼噜的情况，他的呼噜声让让整个车厢的人都睡不着。【16题详解】根据上文“Otherssleptlikedemons(恶魔)asthoughitwastheirmissiontokeepeverybodyelseawake.(另一些人则睡得像魔鬼，凶恶、丑陋，而且冷酷无情，好像要完成令他人彻夜不眠的使命)”下一段中“Weneverheardanythingsnorelikehim.(我们从来没有听到过像他那样的鼾声)”可知，本句应当是在说明这些睡觉像魔鬼，让其他人睡不着的人中最厉害的一个人，后文中him可对应到D选项中Ofthesethemaninlowernumberthree。故D选项“这些人中，三号下铺那位是最糟糕的”符合语境，故选D。【17题详解】根据后文“Hewaiteduntileverybodyhadhadatasteofsleep,justtoseehowniceandpleasantitwas;andthenhebrokeinontheirsoundsleeplikeawinged,breathingdemon,andtheyneverknewwhatpeacewasagainthatnight.(当所有人刚刚入眠正在品尝梦乡的甜美时，他破门而入，像一个张开双翼的活生生的魔鬼，让人整夜无法安宁)”可知，后文提到所有人刚刚入眠，故本句应当是在说明大家还没开始入睡时的情况，故C选项“大家还没关灯上床就寝，这边就开始鼾声大作”符合语境，故选C。【18题详解】根据上文“Hewaiteduntileverybodyhadhadatasteofsleep,justtoseehowniceandpleasantitwas;andthenhebrokeinontheirsoundsleeplikeawinged,breathingdemon,andtheyneverknewwhatpeacewasagainthatnight.(当所有人刚刚入眠正在品尝梦乡的甜美时，他破门而入，像一个张开双翼的活生生的魔鬼，让人整夜无法安宁)”以及后文“Weallhopeditwasanaccident,however;and,trustingthathewouldn’tdoitagain,weallforgavehim.(但我们还指望这只是偶然，他不会再接再厉，那么还可以原谅)”可知，大家刚要入睡，就被这个人的呼噜声吵醒了，可推知本句是在描述他的呼噜声如何让车厢中的人都睡不着的，故G选项“他那响亮的“咕噜噜”的开场白让车厢中每一个人睁开双眼”符合语境，故选G。【19题详解】根据上文“Weallhopeditwasanaccident,however;and,trustingthathewouldn’tdoitagain,weallforgavehim.Thenheruinedourhopesandspoiledthesweetsincerityofourforgivenessbyalong-drawn‘Gw-a-h-h-hah!’thatsoundedtoomuchlikebusinesstobeaccidental.(但我们还指望这只是偶然，他不会再接再厉，那么还可以原谅。可接着他用一声悠长的“呱哈哈”的声浪摧毁了我们的希望，使那些饱含安宁善意的谅解顿时灰飞烟灭。听上去此人绝不会就此善罢甘休)”可知，上文描写了这个打呼噜很厉害的人的呼噜声，故本句应当是描述车厢中听到呼噜声，无法入睡的人们的反应，故F选项“每个无法入眠的人都抬高了头，足足有一分钟，大家悬着心屏息等待最糟的情况”符合语境，故选F。【20题详解】根据后文“Heshotoffanannoying‘Gwook!’whichsoundedasthoughhisnosehadgotmadathimandhecontinuedtodisappointeverybodywithaguttural(似喉间发出的)‘Gurroch!’(他突然吐出一声“Gwook”，听上去好像他的鼻子要愤而罢工，他带着喉音的一声““咕呜——咔””让每个人都失望之极)”可知，结合后文描述的打鼾者不同鼾声，可知这个打鼾者的鼾声又有了新变化。故A选项“很快，三号下铺玩起了新花样”符合语境，故选A。第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。“Mum,whatdoesitmeanwhensomeonetellsyouthattheyhaveaskeleton(骨骼)inthecloset(衣橱)?”Jessicaasked.“Askeletoninthecloset?”hermotherpausedthoughtfully.“Well,it’ssomethingthatyouwouldrathernothave_____21_____knowabout.Forexample,ifinthepast,someoneinDad’sfamilyhadbeen_____22_____forstealingahorse,itwouldbe‘askeletoninhisfamily’scloset’.Hereallywouldn’twantanyneighbortoknowaboutit.”“Why_____23_____myfamily?”Jessica’sfathersaidwithanger.“Yourfamily_____24_____isn’tsogood,youknow.Wasn’tyourgreat-great-grandfatheraprisonerwhowastransportedtoAustraliaforhis_____25_____?”“Yes.butpeoplethesedayssaythatyouarenotarealAustralianunlessyour_____26_____arrivedasprisoners.”“Gosh,sorryIasked.IthinkIunderstandnow,”Jessica_____27_____beforethingsgrewworse.Afterdinner,thehousewasveryquiet.Jessica’sparentswerestillquite_____28_____witheachother.Hermotherwasironingclothesand_____29_____sheglaredatherhusband,who______30______behindhisnewspaperpretendingtoread.Whenshefinished,shegatheredthefreshly______31______clothesinherarmsandwalkedtoJessica’scloset.Justassheopenedthedoorandreachedintohangaskirt,abonyarmstuckoutfromthedarkdepthsandabundleofwhitebonesfelltothefloor.Jessica’smother______32______inafaint(晕倒),wakingonlywhenJessicaputacold,wetclothonherforehead.Shelookeduptoseethe______33______facesofherhusbandanddaughter.“Whathappened?WhereamI?”sheasked.“Youjustdestroyedtheschool’sskeleton.Mum,”explainedJessica.“Ibroughtithometohelpmewithmyhealth______34______.Imeanttotellyou.butitseemedthatassoonasImentionedskeletonsandclosets,itcausedaproblembetweenyouandDad.”Jessicalooked______35______asherparentsbegantolaughmadly.“They’rebothcrazy.”shethought.21.A.yourself B.nobodyelse C.anyoneelse D.someoneelse22.A.suspected B.excused C.charged D.arrested23.A.pickon B.callfor C.settledown D.bringout24.A.comment B.history C.memory D.motto25A.contributions B.passion C.crimes D.errors26.A.parents B.family C.youngergeneration D.ancestors27.A.brokedown B.droppedin C.closedup D.cutin28.A.concerned B.impatient C.angry D.delighted29A.byandby B.everynowandthen C.upanddown D.hereandthere30.A.hid B.looked C.hung D.stuck31.A.pressed B.foldedup C.designed D.sewn32.A.jumped B.sank C.zoomed D.recovered33.A.disappointed B.excited C.sharp D.worried34.A.problem B.condition C.project D.care35.A.inharmony B.inamazement C.inadilemma D.inhighspirits【答案】21.C22.D23.A24.B25.C26.D27.D28.C29.B30.A31.A32.B33.D34.C35.B【解析】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了一个有趣的故事。杰西卡拿回家一个骨骼，放在了衣橱里。可是一想要告诉妈妈这件事，就会引起了妈妈和爸爸的误会。晚饭后妈妈熨完衣服把衣服放进衣橱里时，被衣橱里的骨骼吓晕了。等醒过来后，杰西卡向他们解释把骨骼带回家是为了自己的健康项目，但是她刚一说就引起了他们的误会。杰西卡的爸妈听后大笑不止。【21题详解】考查代词辨析。句意：这件事你可不想让其他人知道。A.yourself你自己；B.nobodyelse没有其他人；C.anyoneelse其他人；D.someoneelse其他人。此处表示除了自己以外的其他人，且根据下文“Hereallywouldn’twantanyneighbortoknowaboutit.”可知这件事你可不想让其他人知道。故选C。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：例如，如果在过去，父亲的家庭中有人因为偷马而被捕，现在则将是因为“一个骷髅在他家的壁橱里”而被捕。A.suspected怀疑；B.excused赦免；C.charged填充；D.arrested逮捕。根据后文“forstealingahorse”可知过去偷马会被逮捕。故选D。【23题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：“为什么挑我家人的毛病？”杰西卡的父亲生气地说。A.pickon挑中；B.callfor要求；C.settledown定居；D.bringout出版。结合上文可知，杰西卡的妈妈用杰西卡父亲的家族偷马来举例，故杰西卡的父亲说为什么要挑他们家人的毛病。pickonsb.“挑错，找某人的茬”。故选A。24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：你的家族史不太好。A.comment评论；B.history历史；C.memory记忆；D.motto座右铭。根据后文“yourgreat-great-grandfatheraprisoner”可知此处指杰西卡父亲的家族历史不好，有人是囚犯。故选B。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：你的高曾祖父不是因为他的罪行被流放到澳大利亚的囚犯吗？A.contributions贡献；B.passion热情；C.crimes犯罪；D.errors错误。根据上文“great-great-grandfatheraprisoner”可知此处指杰西卡父亲的高曾祖父是一个因为犯罪被流放的囚犯，故选C。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：是的，但是现在人们说，除非你的祖先是作为囚犯来到澳洲的，否则你就不是真正的澳大利亚人。A.parents父母；B.family家人；C.youngergeneration年轻一代；D.ancestors祖先。上文提到“great-great-grandfather”可见是指祖先是作为囚犯来到澳洲的。故选D。【27题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：“天啊，对不起我不该问这个。我想我现在明白了。”在事情变得更糟之前，杰西卡插话道。A.brokedown出故障；B.droppedin落进；C.closedup关闭；D.cutin插嘴。根据后文“beforethingsgrewworse”以及上文父母因为自己的问题产生了争执，所以杰西卡在他们吵得更厉害之前插了话。故选D。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：杰西卡的父母仍然很生对方的气。A.concerned关心的；B.impatient不耐烦的；C.angry愤怒的；D.delighted高兴的。结合上文“Afterdinner,thehousewasveryquiet.”可