2023届辽宁省丹东高三六校第一次联考英语试卷含解析

2023高考英语模拟试卷注意事项.考生要认真填写考场号和座位序号。.试题所有答案必须填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。第一部分必须用2B铅笔作答；第二部分必须用黑色字迹的签字笔作答。.考试结束后，考生须将试卷和答题卡放在桌面上，待监考员收回。第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）OnehundredandfifteenChinesecompanieshitthenewlyreleasedFortune500listfor2017,anincreaseforthe14thstraightyear,domesticwebsitereportedonThursday.A.torealizeB.realizedC.realizingD.havingrealizedDon'tbesodiscouraged.Ifyousuchfeelings,youwilldobetternexttime.A.carryonB.getbackC.breakdownD.putawayRunningisoftentiringandalotofhardwork,butnothingthefeelingyougetafterfinishingalongworkoutaroundthetrack.A.breaksB.blocksC.bondsD.beats一TonywhatIdidannoyingthoughhedidn'tsayanything.—Soyouthinkyouwillhavetomakeanapology?A.couldfindB.shouldhavefoundC.mightfindD.musthavefound一WhyaretheWoodssellingtheirbelongings?—Theytoanothercity.A.hadmovedB.havemovedC.movedD・aremovingThekitchenisoftenthebusiestroominahousehold,soit'simportanttomakesureitwell.A.smoothesB.functionsC.paysD.measuresTheChinesegovernmenthasbegunacampaigntothecrazyhousingmarket.A.calmB.destroyC.occupyD.reflectJanerealizedhertobecomethefirstwomantorunthe10,000metreswithin30minutes.A.achievementB.commitmentC.competitionD.ambitionMr.Zhanggavealltextbookstoallthepupils,exceptwhohadalreadytakenthem.A.theseB.onesC.thoseD.theothers4、A.purposeB.productC.interestD.cost5、A.loveB.typeC.partD.work6、A.stopB.allowC.requireD.move7、A.understoodB.fooledC.inspiredD.discouraged8、A.politicalB.socialC.physicalD.emotional9、A.supportersB.audiencesC.buyersD.enemies10、A.sellB.imagineC.createD.draw11、A.fixedB.goodC.strangeD.positive12、A.surprisingB.specialC.creativeD.new13、A.phoneB.serviceC.languageD.name14、A.importantB.creativeC.successfulD.unusual15、A.learnB.receiveC.confuseD.communicate第二节（每小题1・5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（15分）TheGreatWallofChinal.（list）intheWorldCulturalHeritage（世界文化遗产）byUNESCOin1987.Just2,ahugedragon,itwindsupanddownacrossdesertsgrasslandsandmountains,covering3.（approximate）6.700kilometersfromtheeasttothewestofChina.InancientChina,manypeoplebuiltwallsaroundtheirstatestoprotecttheirland.ItwasEmperorQingShihuangwhohadthewalls生（join）up.Theprojectcostmuchmoneyandhundredsofthousandsofpeopleworkedon5.wall.Ontopofit,itiswideenoughforfivehorsesortenmen6・（walk）sidebyside.Alongthewallarewatchtowers,7^soldiersusedtokeepwatch.Withahistoryofmorethan2000years,someofthesectionsoftheGreatWallarenowinruinsorevendisappeared.However;itisstilloneofthemost8<（attract）spotsaroundtheworldbecauseofitswonderfulbuildingsandhistorical9^（important）.ManyofthetouristshavecometoknowthefamousChinesesaying一"HewhodoesnotreachtheGreatWall10.（be）notatrueman.”第四部分写作（共两节）第一节短文改错（满分10分）（10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（A）,并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1、每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2、只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。Atfirst,Iwasnotquitewillingtositdownandwatchedthe90-minutefootballmatch>UsuallyIjustcheckedthe

resultsbecauseIthoughtthatwasdulltowatchagameinthatplayerskickedaballtoeachother>Therefore,myfatherlovesfootbalkDuringtheWorldCupin2006,mydadstaysuplatejusttowatchhisfavouritesport、Seeinghimstronglyinterestinthisgameof22menrunafteraball,Idecidedtositdowntowatchthegame、Ifoundgameexciting,andmydadexplainedfortherules>Wesharedourjoy、FootballisnottoobadlyaslongasIwatchitwithmydad!第二节书面表达（满分25分）（25分）假定你是李华，你的外国朋友John要去爬山，请你根据以下提示给他写一封邮件，向他介绍你对爬山的看法并提醒他爬山的注意事项。内容提示：.爬山是一项非常好的运动，可以放松身心，有益健康；.爬山前需做的准备（了解天气、必备物品等）；.爬山时注意安全，避免受伤；写作要求：L字数100左右；.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；DearJohn,Yours,LiHua参考答案第一部分（共20小题，每小题L5分，满分30分）CDDD5、D6、B7、A8、D9、C10、D11、C12、B13、C14、B15、B16、A17、A18、A19、C20、D第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21、1、ADB1、B2、C3、D4、D1、C2、B3、D4、D1、C2、C3、D4、A25、BusyhealthcareprovidersinneedofBasicLifeSupportCPR（心肺复苏术）classescannowregistertotakethemonSaturdaymorningsthroughCPRCertificationHouston.AmericanHeartAssociationCertifiedBLSCPRforHealthcareProvidersclassesareavailableonSaturdaymorningsatCPRCertificationHouston,1121DelanoSt,Houston,Texas,77003.Bookinginformationcanbeobtainedbycalling（281）377-8918.Theseclassesoffermoreconveniencetonurses,emergencymedicaltechnicians,teachersandothersinneedofAHABLSCPR/AEDcertificationwhostruggletofittheclassintotheirbusyschedules.CPRCertificationHoustonisrecognizedbytheAmericanHeartAssociation.CPRCertificationHouston*sBasicLifeSupportCPRandAEDforadults,childrenandinfantsclassesaretheexactCPRcertificationthatnursesandotherhealthcareprovidersneed.StudentslearnhowtoperformCPRoninfants,childrenandadultsaswellasfibrillation（心房颤动）andhowtouseanautomatedexternaldefibrillator（AED体外自动除颤器）.Thesameclassisofferedtoeveryoneincludingnon-healthcareproviderslikenanniesandpersonaltrainers.Thatwaytheycanensurethattheyareasqualifiedandasconfidentinsavinglivesaspossiblenomatterwheretheywork.ThecompanystrivestoprovidetheHoustoncommunitywiththebestqualityCPRforthebestpossibleprice.Itsgoalistoleaveapositivefootprintinitscommunityandtomakeadifferencetothenumberoflivesthatgetsavedeveryday.Privategrouplessonsandfirstaidclassesarealsoavailable.CPRCertificationHoustonislocatedat1121DelanoSt,Houston,Texas,77003.Call281-377-8918toregister.CONTACT：DougJonesAddress:1121DelanoSt,Houston,Texas77003Phone:281-377-8918E-mail：info@cnrcertificationhoiist（）ii.（）rwWebsite：http：//www,cprcertificationhouston,org5、Whatcanpeopledobyconnecting281-377-8918?Getcertaincertification.OrderBLSCPRclasses.Findoutclassproviders*schedules.Knowabouttheinformationofclasses.6、WhoareBLSCPRclassesintendedfor?A.Busypeople.B.Elderlyteachers.C・Seriouspatients.D・Schoolstudents.7、WhyaretheCPRclassesofferedtoeveryone?A.Totrainmedicalinterns.B.Topromotetheirpopularity.C.ToperformCPRforpatients.D.Tohelpthemdealwithemergency.8、WhatisCPRCertificationHoustonspecialfor?A・FreeCPRclasses.B.AEDssoldtopatients.C.ItshelptotheHoustoncommunity.D.Classesforpeoplewithheartdiseases.第三部分语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题L5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项.26、1、C2、A3、B4、A5、D6、B7、C8、D9、B10、C11、A12、D13、B14、C15、D第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。27、1.waslistedlikeapproximatelyjoinedthetowalkwhereattractiveimportanceis第四部分写作（共两节）第一节短文改错（满分10分）28、【小题1】、watched—watch【小题1】、that-it【小题11>that—which【小题1】、Therefore—However【小题1】、stays-stayed【小题1】、interset-interested【小题1】、run™running【小题1】、foundgame中间加the【小题1］、去掉for【小题1】、badly-bad第二节书面表达（满分25分）29、DearJohn,Ihearthatyouaregoingtoclimbthemountain.NowI'dliketosharemyviewsonclimbingwithyou.Formypart,climbingisaverygoodactivity.Whenyouaretiredofyourstudy,youcangoouttoenjoytheclimbing.Onlybyrelaxingyourselfcanyourefreshyourselfandimproveyourhealth.Inordertoenjoytheactivity,youneedtomakefullpreparationsinadvance.Youhadbetterhaveclearinformationabouttheweather,andbringproperclothes.Whenyouareclimbing,Isuggestthatyoupayattentiontoeverystepyoumakeincaseyouhurtyourself.Ihopeyouwillhaveagoodtime.Yours,LiHuaNothavingworkedouttheprogram,leavetheoffice.A.sohewasforbiddentoB.andhedidn'twanttoC.hislittlesoncouldn'tmakehimD.becouldn'tfreehimselfto一Whendidyougettoknowyourgirlfriend?—Itwasin2015shewasworkingasavolunteerinAfrica.thatB.whichC.whenD.then.Themajorityofnewbusinessesfailbecause,theyhaveaproductorservicethatfillsagapinthemarket,theyusuallylacktheskillsinsales,marketing,andadministration.A.nowthatB.evenifC.aslongasD.asthoughwegotherebytrainorbyshipmakesnodifference.Thetimeandthefeesarethesame.A.WhichB.HowC.WhetherD.WhyWhethertofavorurbandevelopmentorthepreservationofhistoricalsitesisespeciallycontroversialinChina,wherethereexistsrichhistory,diversifiedtraditionandcultural・A.surplusB.depositsC.accountsD.receiptsLocalslivedinratherconditionsuntilthefoundingofthePeople'sRepublicofChinain1949.A.preciousB.primitiveC.preciseD.priorWuLeiistheonlyChineseplayerhasmadeitontothelatestWorldSoccer500list.A.whoB.whichC.whoseD.whomItwassonoisythatwehearourselvesspeak.A.couldn'tB.shouldn'tC.mustn'tD.needn'tThankstothespecialchemicalofthesoilinthemountainousarea,thiseconomicplantgrowswellthere.A.compositionB.competenceC.constructionD.conclusionIamabetterreaderthisyearthanIwaslastyearbecauseItohundredsofnewconceptsandideas.A.haveexposedB.hadbeenexposedC.havebeenexposedD.wasexposedTheshockingnewsmademerealizeterribleproblemswewouldface.A.thatB.howC.whyD.what第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。MANCSHESIEK*'182421.(621.(6分)21.(6分)TheUniversityofManchester21.(6分)TheUniversityofManchesterHOME-，UNOERGRAp-・POSTGRADSESEARCH•"8即山遮燃、IMONEY—STUDENT-MADE!BYMEGANRITCHIEBYMEGANRITCHIE>3December,2018BYMEGANRITCHIEBYMEGANRITCHIE>3December,2018Livingonastudentbudgetcanbetough.Budgetingisessentialandit'simportanttomakesavingsinanywaypossible9soyoucanmakethemostofyourmoney.Hereayesomeusefulappsforsavingmoneyasastudent.UnidaysCosttosignup:freeThisisprobablythemostwell—receivedstudentdiscountapp.Ifseasytosignuptoandonceyouhave,allyouhavetodoisusethecodesUnidaysprovidesyouwithwhenyou'repayingin-storeorcheckingoutonline.Unidaysalsosometimesincreasesitsdiscountoffersatcertainstoresandwebsites.Keepaneyeoutfortheseincreaseddiscountstosaveyourselfsomeextracash,particularlyasChristmasisonthehorizon.VouchercloudCosttosignup:freeVouchercloudofferssomeamazingdealsthatcannotbemissed.There'sfrequent2for1dealsordiscountavailableatmanywell-knownrestaurantssuchasPizzaExpress,Frankie&Benny'sandGiraffe.Theyalsoofferdealsonhotels,citybreaksandarangeofitemssuchasRealTechniquesproducts.IfsagreatwaytosaveonChristmaspresents—theregular40%offatTheBodyShopisalwaysworthlookingoutfor!TopCashbackCosttosignup:freeYoumayhaveseentheTVadvertsforTopCashback.WiththeTopCashbackapp,youcanviewallparticipatingstoressecuritycameras.Then,allyouhavetodoiscompleteyouronlineshoppingViatheapptoreceivecashbackonanypurchasesyoumake.Forexample,ifyoubuyonlineatAmazonyoucanreceiveupto9%cashbackintoyouraccountltdoesn'talwaysseemlikealotofmoneybutifyoushoponlinefrequentlyitalladdsup!TastecardCosttosignup:subscriptionscostsvary(monthlytoannuallysubscriptionsavailable)EventhoughitcoststosubscribetoTastecard,thediscountsareworthiLWithaTastecard,youcanget2for1mealsor50%offfoodatparticipatingrestaurantsyallofwhichcanbeviewedontheapporwebsitesimplybytypinginyourpostcode.ThesediscountsareavailableatchainslikePizzaHutandBellaItaliaandalsoindependentrestaurantsacrossManchester.InWhichofthefollowingisthemostpopularwithstudents?A.Unidays.B.Vouchercloud.C.TopCashback.D.Tastecard.2、WhatisspecialaboutTopCashback?A.Itcanonlybeusedinstores.Itcostsalotofmoneytosignup.NoadsforTopCashbackappearonTV.Onlinecashbackcanbestoredinyouraccount.3、WhatdoesTastecardhelpyoutosavemoneyon?A.Hotels.B.Restaurants.C.Tickets.D.Presents.（8分）DuringWorldWarItheRedCrosssetupaprogramforpeopletosendletterstosoldiersinEuropesotheywouldneverbelonely.Duringthecourseofthisprogramasoldierreceivedaletterfromawomanhedidn'tknowandhadnevermet.Sheaskedhimthetypicalthingsandhewroteareturnletterwiththetypicalanswers.Astheirlettersbecamemorefrequenttheyrealizedthattheyhadmuchincommonandafriendshipwasformed.ThoughtheeverOincreasingletterstheycametoknoweachothermoreandbelookedforwardtothemashemovedeverforwardintocombatanddanger.Overtimetheirfriendshipbegantoblossomintolove,buttheyneverexchangedphotos.Eventuallythewarended.HetoldherhewascominghomeandtheymadeaplantomeetatGrandCentralStation.Hewouldlooklikecountlessothersoldierssohetoldherhewouldholdabouquetofcarnations（康乃馨）andshesaidshewouldbecarryingaparticularbook.Iftheirlovewasrealtheycouldmeet.Atthestationhewaseagerlysearchingforthebookinthehandsofeverywomanhemet.Shortlyafter,ashort,plainandoverweightwomanappearedcarryingabook.Heknewitwasher.Hisexcitementformeetingtheloveofhislifedashedaway.Butheputabigsmileonhisfaceandcalledhername.Shesmiledandcameovertohim.Hebenttokisshercheek,butshepushedhimoff.Insteadshehandedhimthebookandwalkedoff.Confused,hesuddenlyturnedaroundandabeautifulwomanwasstandingandsmilingbeforehim.“Ihadtobesure,66shesaidtohim,“ifyouwerethemanofpersonalityIdreamedaboutAndyouare."AndshecameintohisarmsandtheykissedforthefirsttimeunderthebigclockinthecenterofGrandCentralStation.1、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“them"inParagraph2referto?A.SoldiersB.LettersC.ThetypicalanswersD.Thetypicalthings2、Whydidthesoldierdecidetofoldabouquetofcarnations?TocheckiftheirlovewastrueTofulfillthepromisehemadeyearsagoTodistinguishhimselffromothersoldiers.Topresentawelcomegifttothewoman.3、Howdidthemanfeelatthefirstsightofthewomanwithabook?A.EagerB.CautionsC.EmbarrassedD.Disappointed4、Whafsthekeytopicofthepassage?A.WarandpeaceB.Dreamandreality.C.CheatandtrustD.Friendshipandlove23.（8分）Smile!Itmakeseveryoneintheroomfeelbetterbecausethey,consciouslyorunconsciously,aresmilingwithyou.Growingevidenceshowsthataninstinctforfacialmimicry（模仿）allowsustoempathizewithandevenexperienceotherpeople'sfeelings.Ifwecan'tmirroranotherperson'sface,itlimitsourabilitytoreadandproperlyreacttotheirexpressions.AreviewofthisemotionalmirroringappearsonFebruary11inTrendsinCognitiveSciences.Intheirpaper,PaulaNiedenthalandAdrienneWood,socialpsychologistsattheUniversityofWisconsin,describehowpeopleinsocialsituationscopyothers'facialexpressionstocreateemotionalresponsesinthemselves.Forexample,ifyou'rewithafriendwholookssad,youmight“tryon”thatsadfaceyourselfwithoutrealizingyou'redoingso.In“tryingon“yourfriend'sexpression,ithelpsyoutorecognizewhatthey9refeelingbyassociatingitwithtimesinthepastwhenyoumadethatexpression.Humansgetthisemotionalmeaningfromfacialexpressionsinamatterofonlyafewhundredmilliseconds.“Youreflectonyouremotionalfeelingsandthenyougeneratesomesortofrecognitionjudgment,andthemostimportantthingthatresultsinisthatyoutaketheappropriateaction-youapproachthepersonoryouavoidtheperson,”Niedenthalsays."Yourownemotionalreactiontothefacechangesyourperceptionofhowyouseethefaceinsuchawaythatprovidesyouwithmoreinformationaboutwhatitmeans.”Aperson'sabilitytorecognizeand“share”others'emotionscanbepreventedwhentheycan'tmimicfaces.Thisisacommoncomplaintforpeoplewithmotordiseases,likefacialparalysis（瘫痪）fromastroke,orevenduetonervedamagefromplasticsurgery.Niedenthalnotesthatthesamewouldnotbetrueforpeoplewhosufferfromparalysisfrombirth,becauseifyou'veneverhadtheabilitytomimicfacialexpressions,youwillhavedevelopedcompensatorywaysofinterpretingemotions.Peoplewithsocialdisordersassociatedwithmimicryoremotion-recognitiondamage,likeautism（自闭症），canexperiencesimilarchallenges.uTherearesomesymptomsinautismwherelackoffacialmimicrymayinpartbeduetolimitationofeyecontact/9Niedenthalsays.Niedenthalnextwantstoexplorewhatpartinthebrainisfunctioningtohelpwithfacialexpressionrecognition.Abetterunderstandingofthatpart,shesays,willgiveusabetterideaofhowtotreatrelateddisorders.1>Accordingtothepassage,facialmimicryhelps•A.experienceone'sownfeelingsclearlyB.changeothers'emotionsquicklyC.respondtoothers'expressionsproperlyD.developfriendshipwithotherseasily2、WecanknowfromParagraph4and5that.peoplewithmotordiseasesmayalsosufferfromautismpeoplebornwithfacialparalysismaystillrecognizeemotionspeoplewithsocialdisorderscan'thaveeyecontactwithotherspeoplereceivingplasticsurgeryhavedifficultyinmimickingfaces3、AccordingtoNiedenthal,thenextstepofthestudywillfocuson.howwecantreatbraindisorderswhatcanbedonetoregainfacialmimicryhowourbrainhelpsuswithemotionalmirroringwhatpartofourbrainhelpsrecognizefacialexpression4^Thepassageiswrittento・discusshowpeoplereactpositivelytoothers'smilesdrawpeople'sattentiontothosewithsocialdisordersintroduceanewtrendinfacialexpressionrecognitionexplainhowemotionalmirroringaffectspeople'sempathy24.（8分）Scientistshavelongbeeninterestedintheimpactofearly-lifeexperiencesonadultbehavior,studyingthephenomenoninmonkeysandpeople.Buthardlyanystudieshadbeendoneindogs.Guidedogspresentedausefulgrouptostudyforseveralreasons.First,atTheSeeingEye,guidedogschoolinAmerica,manypuppies（幼犬）areraisedinasinglelocationunderfairlycontrolledconditions.Second,thedogshaveaclearmeasureofsuccess:Eithertheygraduatefromtheprogramtobecomeaworkingguidedogortheyarereleased.Andthird,successasaguidedogisn'teasy;thedogmustbewillingandabletonavigateacomplexandoften-unpredictableenvironmentwhileremainingattentivetoitsowner.Togatherinformationaboutthepuppies'early-lifeexperiences,EmilyBrayandateamofresearchersatTheSeeingEye'sbreedingcentertookvideoandcloselyobserved23mothersandtheir98puppiesfortheirfirstfiveweeksoflife.uWewantedtoknowifwecouldseparatethemomsbasedonhowtheyinteractedwiththeirpuppiesJBraysaid.“Werecordedthingslikehernursingposition,howmuchtimeshespentlookingawayfromthepuppiesandhowmuchtimeshespentincloseproximity（I临近）toherpuppiesorlickingthem.”Whentheresearcherstrackedthepuppiesacoupleofyearsdowntheline,theyfoundthatthosewithmothersthatweremoreattentivewerelesslikelytograduatefromTheSeeingEye'strainingprogramtobecomeguidedogs.Inparticular,thosedogswhosemothersnursedmoreoftenlyingdown,asopposedtosittingorstandingup,werelesslikelytosucceed.“Ifamotherislyingonherstomach,thepuppiesbasicallyhavefreeaccesstomilk,butifthemotherisstandingup,thenthepuppieshavetoworktogetitJsaidBray."Itseemsthatyouhavetoprovideyourkidswithminorobstacles（障碍）thattheycanovercomeforthemtosucceedlaterinlifebecause,asweknow,lifeasanadultinvolvesobstacles.991>Whatdoesthesecondparagraphmainlydiscuss?Thestepsintrainingguidedogs.HowtheSeeingEyecameintobeing.Whyguidedogsareideaobjectsforstudy.ThevariousfeaturesofdogsattheSeeingEye.2、WhatdidBrayandhisteamfocusonintheirstudy?Thedietsofthepuppies.Thebodyweightsofthepuppies.Thewaymomsreactedtotheirpuppies.Themoms'sensitivenesstosurroundings.3、Whichpuppiesweremorelikelytobecomeguidedogs?Thosewithattractivemothers.Thosewhowereraisedinaquietplace.Thosewhowerefedwhilelyingdown.Thosewhowerepoorlyattendedbytheirmothers.4、WhichofthefollowingsayingsdoesBranseemtobelievein?Nosweetwithoutsweat.Failureisthemotherofsuccess.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.Abirdinthehandisworthtwointhebush.25.（10分）Bendablewingscoveredwithoverlapping（重叠部分）pieceslookinglikefishscalescouldbeusedtobuildmorecontrollable,fuel-efficientaircraft,anewstudyfinds.Nowadays,conventionalaircrafttypicallyrelyonailerons（副翼）tohelpcontrolthewaytheplanestilt（倾斜）astheyfly.However,whentheWrightbrothersflewthefirstairplane,Flyer1,overacenturyago,theyusednoaileronsbutwiresthatpulledandstretchedthewood-and-canvaswings,tocontroltheplane.^Scientistshavelongsoughttodevelopaircraftthatcanchangetheirwingsduringflight,justasbirdscan.However,mostpreviousattemptshavefailedbecausetheyreliedonheavymechanicalcontrolstructureswithinthewings.Thesestructureswerealsocomplexandunreliable,saidNeilGershenfeld,aphysicistanddirectoroftheCentreforBitsandAtomsatMIT.Thenewwingconsistsofasystemoftiny,strongandlightweightmodules（组件）.Theshapeofthewingcanbechangeduniformlyalongitslengthusingtwosmallmotors,whichapplyatwistingpressuretoeachwingtip.Thesewingsarecoveredin“skins”ofoverlappingstripsofflexiblemateriallikefishscales.Thesestripsmoveacrosseachotherasthewingschangethemselves,providingasmoothoutersurface,theresearchersexplained.Windtunneltestsofthesewingsshowedthattheyatleastmatchedtheaerodynamic（气动）propertiesofconventionalwings,ataboutone-tenththeweight.“Initialtestsusingremotelypilotedaircraftmadewiththesewingshaveshowngreatpromise,“saidBenjaminJenett,agraduatestudentattheCentreforBitsandAtomsatMIT.Thenewmodularstructuresthescientistsdevelopedcouldbemanufacturedquicklyinmassquantitiesandtheninstalledbyteamsofsmallrobots.Thesemodularstructuresalsocanbedisassembledmoreeasily,makingrepairssimpler.“Still,thefirstaircraftbuilt