初中英语语法课件专题三代词

专题三代词一、人称代词人称代词不仅指人,也可以指物,有人称、数和格的变化。【巧学妙记】人称代词的主格和宾格人称代词分两格,分为主格和宾格。主格句中作主语,宾语用的是宾格。句首、动前用主格,动后介后用宾格。【即学活用】1.SincePeterisn’there,mayItakeamessagefor__________(he)?2.MissWhiteisverykind.Wealllike__________(she).3.Everyonelikesmyfatherbecause__________(him)isfriendly.4.—Howdoyoulikethefamousactor,TongDawei?—Wonderful!Ilike__________verymuch.5.Thisappleisforyouandthisisfor__________(I).答案:1.him

2.her

3.he

4.him

5.me二、物主代词【温馨提示】形容词性物主代词与名词性物主代词的区别:(1)形容词性物主代词位于名词前,用作定语,限定该名词的意义。(2)名词性物主代词在句子中充当主语、宾语或表语,相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”,后面不能再跟名词。【巧学妙记】形物代词能力差,自己不能来当家。句子当中作定语,后面要把名词加。名物代词能力强,自己独来又独往。句子成分主表宾,后面名词不能跟。【即学活用】1.—Excuseme,isthisyouriPad?—No,itisn’t.__________isathome.2.—Whosedictionaryisthis?IsitMary’s?—No,itisn’t.__________(she)isinherschoolbag.3.Mybrotherlikespainting.It’soneof__________hobbies.4.Idon’tlike__________(me)watch.Ilike__________(you).5.—WhoseFrenchbooksarethese?—OnlyGraceandDickhavelearntFrench.Itmustbelongto____(they).答案:1.Mine

2.Hers

3.his

4.my;yours

5.them三、反身代词反身代词就是指某人自己,单数以-self结尾,复数以-selves结尾。第一、二人称反身代词由形容词性物主代词+self/selves构成,第三人称反身代词由宾格人称代词+self/selves构成。人称数第一人称第二人称第三人称单数myselfyourselfhimself,herself,itself复数ourselvesyourselvesthemselves【巧学妙记】反身代词表自身,“宾、表、同位”三成分。动、介词后作宾语,表示动作回自身。表示强调同位语,强调动作“亲自”任。系动词后作表语,各种用法记心中。【即学活用】1.Don’tworryaboutme.Icantakegoodcareof__________(me).2.—Jennydancessowell.—Soshedoes.Shestartedtolearnitby________(her)attheageof15.3.“Help______(you)tosomefish,”MrsSmithsaidtothechildren.4.—I’mleavingforBeijingonbusinessnow.Canyoulookafter_______(you)duringthesedays,Tom?—Mum,I’mnolongerachildnow.5.It’struethatwearenotbornfor__________(we).答案:1.myself

2.herself

3.yourselves

4.yourself5.ourselves四、指示代词1.指示代词是用来指定或确认某人或某事物的代词。单数形式复数形式this(这个)these(这些)that(那个)those(那些)2.指示代词的用法。(1)this/these一般指在空间和时间上较近的事物,that/those一般指在空间和时间上较远的事物。ThisisamapofChinaandthatisamapoftheworld.这是一张中国地图,那是一张世界地图。Inthoseyearstheyledahardlife.在那些岁月里,他们生活得很艰难。(2)在表示比较的句子中,that指代可数名词单数或不可数名词,those指代复数的人或物。TheweatherinHarbinismuchcolderthanthatinGuangzhou.哈尔滨的天气比广州冷得多。Ilikethesebooksbetterthanthose.我喜欢这些书胜过那些书。【即学活用】用恰当的指示代词填空。1.Yourhometownisreallynice!Theairqualityisasgoodas____ofSanya.2.Bob,canyouseetheboysoverthere?______aremycousins.Let’sgoandsayhellotothem.

thatThose五、不定代词不明确指代某个(些)人、某个(些)事物的代词叫作不定代词。不定代词可以代替名词和形容词,没有主格和宾格之分。常见的不定代词有:不定代词功能在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语和同位语分类肯定性both,all,many,much,one,other,each,either,others,theother(s),afew,alittle,someone,somebody,something,somewhere,anyone,anybody,anything,anywhere否定性no,neither,none,nobody,nothing,few,little不定代词的特殊用法。(1)当形容词或else修饰不定代词时,不定代词总是位于修饰词的前面。例如:Thereisnothingnewinhisspeech.在他的演讲中没有新内容。Didshetellyouanythingelse?她告诉你别的事情了吗?(2)当句子的主语是指人的复合不定代词时,其反意疑问句的主语通常用代词they来代替;当句子的主语是指物的复合不定代词时,其反意疑问句的主语通常用代词it来代替。例如:Everyoneishere,aren’tthey?大家都在这儿,难道不是吗?Everythingbeginstogrowinspring,doesn’tit?春天万物开始生长,不是吗?【即学活用】1.Thereareenoughcupsforeachvisitortohave____(it/one/that).2.—WhotaughtZhuZhiwentosing?—_______(somebody)!Helearnedsingingbyhimself.3.—Whatwouldyoulike,teaorcoffee?—_______(都不要),thanks.Ijustpreferaglassofwater.4.—Wouldyoulikesomemorenoodles,Celia?—Yes,just_____(一点),please.

oneNobodyNeitherafew六、疑问代词疑问代词意义基本用法例句who谁主语、表语、宾语Whoareyoutalkingwith?你正在和谁交谈?whom谁宾语(who的宾格)Withwhomdidyougoshopping?你和谁去购物的?疑问代词意义基本用法例句whose谁的主语、表语、宾语、定语(who的所有格)Whosepenisthis?这是谁的钢笔?what什么主语、表语、宾语、定语Whatdoyouknowaboutit?关于这件事你知道什么?which哪个主语、表语、宾语、定语Whichisyoursister?哪一位是你妹妹?【即学活用】选择恰当的疑问词填空。whose,what,who1.—_____isyourfather?Does