上海市六校2018届高三12月联考英语试题

上海市六校2018届高三12月联考英语试题2017学年第一学期高三联合调研II.GrammarandVocabularySectionA（20%）Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagescoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.HowtoFindHappinesswithoutBuyingit?Ourmaterialisticsocietyhasledustobelievethathappinesscannotbeobtainedwithouthavingmoney.Ratherthanlearningtobesatisfiedwithwhatwehave,we___21___(teach)towantmore.Welearnfromadvertising,andfromthemedia,__22____weneedtobuytrinketsandtoysinordertomakeourselveshappy,or__23___(fulfill)emotionalneeds,andthatthepurchasestheyaretryingtotalkusintowillprovideuswiththepsychologicalcomfortwearelookingotherwisewillupsetabalancebetweenasatisfyingworklifeandarichhomelife.Thebestwaytoachievesuchabalanceistoensurethedriveformaterialpossessionsdoesnotbecomeallconsuming.【答案】aretaught；that；tofulfill；misguided；spending；could；for；how；others；which【分析】考查时态语态，句子缺谓语，teachsb，但是这里teach没有宾语，所以用被动。考查连词，这是个宾语从句，从句不缺成分以及没有疑问意思，所以用that考查非谓语，前面有个or，表示并列，所以跟前面的tomake并列，所以填tofulfill考查非谓语，做后面messages的前置定语，表示被动，所以填done的形式考查非谓语，spend动名词在从句中的主语考查情态动词，that后面是个从句，动词原形前考虑情态动词，根据句意，填写could考查介词，后面是个名词短语，想到介词，根据句意填写for，表示为了考查连词，thinkabout后面是个宾语从句，根据句意是填写how考查代词，from...to...,根据这个短语判断填写名词，但是不可以，所以想到代词，根据句意填写others考查连词，这里which指代前面整句句子SectionBDirections:

Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.

A.addictionB.downwardC.accessD.unfairE.urgedF.essentialG.analyticalH.forcedI.relianceJ.criticizedK.fallApenhasalwaysbeena(n)(31)________tool

it

to

exams.However,inthisdigitalage,thistraditionaltoolmaybecomeathingofthepast.Cambridge

University

in

Britain

is

consideringending800yearsofwrittenexamsandallowingstudentstouselaptops(手提电脑)

or

iPads

to

take

exams

instead.The

move

comes

after

Cambridge

teachers

complained

that

students’handwritingisbecomingtoo

hard

to

recognize.

The

(32)______

in

being

able

to

write

neatly

could

largelybedowntothe(33)______

on

laptops

in

lectures

and

elsewhere.

“Therehasdefinitelybeena(34)______

trend.Itisdifficultforboththestudentsandtheexaminersasitisharderandhardertoreadthesescripts,”SarahPearsall,aseniorlecturerattheuniversity,toldTheTelegraph.As

a

result,

more

and

more

students

with

poor

handwriting

are

being

(35)______toreturntouniversityduring

the

summer

holidays

to

read

their

answers

aloud

to

university

administrators.

However,some(36)______

the

move,

fearing

the

handwritten

word

would

become

a

lost

art.TraceyTrussell,a

handwriting

expert

at

the

British

Institute

of

Graphologists,

(37)______Cambridgeto“make

sure

that

students

continue

to

write

by

hand,

particularly

in

lectures”.Shetold

TheTelegraphthatwritingbyhandcouldhelpstudentsimprovetheirmemoryandunderstandlessonsbetter.Meanwhile,

there

are

also

concerns

that

primary

and

secondary

schools

could

followCambridge’sexamples.In

fact,

a

similar

plan

was

carried

out

for

some

first-

and

second-year

students

atEdinburghUniversityintheUKin2011,reportedTheScotsman.Seniorofficialsattheuniversitybelieveditwas(38)______to

expect

students

to

use

pens

and

paper

during

exams

when

mostoftheircourseworkwasdoneusingcomputers.The

move

also

echoes

the

opinions

of

Harvard

professor

Eric

Mazur,knownasthefatherofthe“flippedclassroom(翻转课堂)”.Hebelievedthattheriseofthe(39)______tomobileinternetmeansthat

we

live

in

an

age

in

which

we

don’t

need

to

memorize

anything.Studentsshouldbetestedontheir

creative

and

(40)______

skills,

rather

than

the

ability

to

remember

information,hesaidduring

the

Times

Higher

Education

World

Academic

Summit

in

September.【答案】FKIBHJEDCG【分析】31.修饰tool，填形容词，指在以前笔是考试必要的工具。此处填名词。指的是如今越来越少的人能够书写工整了。33.此处填名词。根据介词搭配on，指是由于人们在讲座等其他地方对于笔记本电脑的依赖。34.修饰trend用形容词。表明这种慢慢用电脑取代笔考试的形式有下行的趋势。35.此处填动词过去分词，表被动。指那些书写糟糕的学生被迫在暑期来到学校将自己的答案大声读给学校领导听。36.此处填动词过去式。根据however表转折，指有些批判这一做法。37.此处填动词过去式。指专家极力规劝学生尽量采取书写，特别是在讲座中。38.此处填形容词。指对于在大多数课程中使用电脑完成作业的学生来说，期望他们考试时用纸和笔是不公平的。39.此处填名词。指随着越来越多人接触到互联网手机移动的环境，我们生活在一个不需要记忆太多的时代，因为使用网络就可以搜到。40.修饰skills用形容词，指的是测试学生的创造和分析能力。III.GrammarandVocabularySectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththeworkorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.It'snosecretthatasapopulation,Americanshavebeengettingheavier,butresearchersnowsaythatourweightproblemmaybeworsethanwethought.InastudypublishedinthejournalPLOSOne,leadauthorDr.EricBravermansaysthatourcurrentmeasureofobesity(肥胖症)--bodymassindex,orBMI--significantly(41)______thenumberofpeople,especiallywomen,whoareobese.Bravermanandhisco-author,Dr.NiravShah,studied1,400menandwomen,comparingtheirBMImeasurementtotheirpercentageofbodyfat,asmeasuredbyadual-energyX-rayabsorptiometry(DEXA)scan.WhileBMIisasimpleratioofaperson’sheightandweight,theDEXAscan--whichisnormallyusedtomeasurebodydensity(密度)--can(42)______betweenbone,fatandmusclemass.BasedonBMI,aboutone-thirdofAmericansareconsideredobese,butwhenothermethodsofmeasuringobesityareused,thatnumbermaybe(43)______to60%accordingtoBraverman.PhysicianshavecomplainedforyearsthatBMIisa(n)(44)______measureofhealthyweight.Extremelymuscularpeople,(45)______,mayweigh“toomuch”fortheirheight,sincedensemusclemassweighsmorethanfat,thusqualifyingasobeseeveniftheirbodiescontainverylittlefat.Yetit’snotextraweightitself,butexcessfatthat(46)______healthproblems.“Peoplearen’tbeingdiagnosedasobese,sothey’renotbeingtoldabouttheirriskofdiseaseorbeinggiven(47)_____onhowtoimprovetheirhealth,”Bravermansaid.Datashowthatpeoplewho(48)______toputonpoundsaremorelikelytocontinuegettingheavier,increasingtheirriskforanumberofdiseases.SowhyisBMIstillbeingused,ifit’snot(49)______?Fornow,it’sthebestandeasiestwayforphysicianstomeasureaperson’shealthyweightwhiletakingintoaccounthisorhergeneralbody(50)______.DEXAscansarefartooexpensivetobeusedasa(51)______measureduringdoctor’svisits.BMIisn’tperfect,butmanyexpertssayit’sthebesttheyhave.Still,asresultslikeBraverman’scontinueto(52)______,itmaybetimetoconsiderotherwaysoftrackingweight,and(53)______,bodyfat.“It’simportanttopointoutthe(54)______oftheBMI,”Dr.RichardBergman,directorofCedarsSinai’sObesityandDiabetesResearchInstituteinLosAngelessaid.“It’sapoormeasureof(55)______,andwedoneedbettermeasures.”A.predicts B.underestimates C.increases D.reducesA.compare B.recognize C.identify D.distinguishA.closer B.related C.devoted D.keyA.important B.imperfect C.incredible D.uncertainA.forexample B.incontrast C.inaddition D.withoutdoubtA.arisesfrom B.owesto C.leadsto D.goesthroughA.views B.orders C.instruction D.focusA.decide B.start C.hope D.fearA.right B.recognizable C.popular D.preciseA.structure B.well-being C.function D.weightA.special B.routine C.scientific D.decisiveA.fillin B.runout C.godown D.buildupA.inparticular B.onoccasion C.afterall D.inallA.mistakes B.failure C.inferiority D.weaknessA.health B.body C.fatness D.diseases【答案】BDABACCBDABDADC【分析】联系前后文，关键“ourweightproblemmaybeworsethanwethought”。说明BMI指数的测量方式低估了一些肥胖人士。A预测；C增加；D减少。根据后半句，意思是DEXA扫描方式可用以测量骨骼密度，精细地区分骨骼、脂肪和肌肉的各自质量。A比较；B认出，识别；C认出，鉴定。联系下文。指用其他方式测量后，肥胖人数会增加，接近至60%。B有关；C致力于，奉献；D关键，钥匙，答案。根据后文，关键“complain”。指医生一直都在抱怨BMI是有缺陷的测量方式。A重要的；C难以置信的；D不确定的。对BMI的缺陷进行列举，特别是对于肌肉型人士。B与...形成对比；C另外；D不假思索，毫无疑问。指过度肥胖会导致健康问题。A升起，出现；B归因于；D经历（苦难等）。联系下文，指给予如何改善自身健康的指导。A观点；B指令；D焦点。根据句子意思判断，意为那些开始增重的人更可能会持续肥胖下去，增加他们患疾病的风险。联系前文。指如果BMI不精确，那么为什么仍旧会使用它呢？A正确的；B可识别的；C流行的。指将一个人总体的身体体型考虑在体重的健康测量中。B幸福；C功能；D体重。根据句子意思，意为如果DEXA作为医生的日常就诊进行测量的话，过于昂贵了。A特别的；C科学的；D决定性的，果断的。指类似于Braverman所得出的结论不断涌现出来。A填充；B用完；C下降。联系上下文，指应该有更好的方式去监测体重，特别是人体脂肪含量的测量。B有时；C毕竟；D总共。指重要的是，我们应该指出BMI的缺陷不足。A错误；B失败；C劣势，下等。A健康；B身体；D疾病。总结性语句，指BMI是有缺陷的测量方式。AB两个选项过于笼统，未突出BMI受到质疑主要是由于它对于人体脂肪的测量不够精确这个缺陷。SectionB(22分)Directions:Readthefollowingthreepassage.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemarefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhaveread.(A)Whileafemalepoliticianorfirstladycanuseherclothingtocreateafavorablepublicimage,malepoliticiansdon’thaveasmanyfashionchoicestoplaywith.ButCanadianPrimeMinisterJustinTrudeauseemstohavediscoveredagoldmine–hissocks.He’sbeenseenwearing“statementsocks”atmanypublicevents.Forexample,duringaNATO(北大西洋公约组织)meetinginBrusselsinMay,Trudeauworeonebluesockandonepink,bothwiththeNATOsymbolprintedonthem.AndinJune,heworeapairofsockswiththepatternofmapleleaves–anationalsymbolofCanada–whenheappearedonaTVshow.TheNewYorkTimes’editorVanessaFriedmanpraisedTrudeau’splayonhissocksas“clever”.“Socksaresubtle(微妙的)enoughnottobedistracting,butvisibleenoughthatyoucan’tmissthepoint,”shewrote.“Rarelyhaveaman’sanklessaidsomuch.”ButnotalltheplayfulsocksthatTrudeauwearssendsomekindofpoliticalmessage–someofthemarejustforfun.OneexampleisapairheworeduringameetingwithEndaKenny,thentheprimeministerofIreland,inMontrealonMay4.Duringtheirmeeting,TrudeauworeStarWarssocks–simplybecausethatdayhappenedtobeInternationalStarWarsDay.Ifthispairofsockssentoutanymessage,accordingtoVoguemagazinereporterEmilyFarra,thatmessagewas“justthathehasaquirkysideandlovesGeorgeLucasfilms,”shewrote.However,somesaythat45-year-oldTrudeau’sunusualsockchoicesshowachildishsideoftheprimeministerthatprovesheisn’tmatureenoughtobetheleaderofacountry.ButFriedmandoesn’tseeitthatway.“Thesockshavebeenasourceofprideandapplauseonaninternationalscale–asymbolbothofMrTrudeau’sabilitytoembracemulticulturalismandofhispositionasanext-generationleadernotboundbyoldtraditions,”shewrote.“Theyhaveopeneduppossibilitiesforthefuture.”Trudeauworeapairofsockswiththepatternofmapleleavesto_______distractaudience’sattentionfromtheTVshowssendamessagethatheisproudofhiscountrynarrowthegapbetweenpoliticianandciviliansclaimthatheisthenew-generationleaderofthecountryTheunderlinedword“quirky”isclosestinmeaningto_______abnormalseriousenthusiasticoddAccordingtoFriedman,JustinTrudeau_______hasapromisingfuturebutstillaninexperiencedpoliticianusedacleverwaytoexploreandfinallydiscoveredagoldmineisopen-mindedandisreadytoacceptdifferentculturesisaleaderwhohasabandonedoldtraditionstobuilduphisfutureThearticleismainlyabout_______thestrangehobbyofayoungpoliticianayoungleader’scleverchoiceofsockshowmalepoliticiansmaintainpublicimagethegenderdifferenceinmodernpoliticians【答案】1.B2.D3.C4.B【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段最后一句话heworeapairofsockswiththepatternofmapleleaves–anationalsymbolofCanada–whenheappearedonaTVshow可知，枫叶是加拿大的这个国家的象征，所以Trudeau穿着带有枫叶图案的袜子表示他热爱他的国家。猜测词义题。根据文章第五段notalltheplayfulsocksthatTrudeauwearssendsomekindofpoliticalmessage–someofthemarejustforfun可知不是所有Trudeau穿的袜子都带有政治色彩，有些纯属好玩。第六段主要讲了一个Trudeau在和EndaKenny的会议中穿了一双有星球大战图案的袜子的例子，根据前文可以猜测，Vogue杂志的记者EmilyFarra说，如果说这也有什么含义的话，那一定是奇怪的含义。细节理解题。根据文章最后一段asymbolbothofMrTrudeau’sabilitytoembracemulticulturalismandofhispositionasanext-generationleadernotboundbyoldtraditions和Theyhaveopeneduppossibilitiesforthefuture可知，Friedman认为Trudeau是一个思想开明、勇于接受文化多样性的总统，故答案选择C。主旨大意题。这篇文章主要讲的是加拿大总理Trudeau出于各种政治或者个人喜好等原因在不同的场合穿着带有不同图案的袜子的事件，B选项符合主旨。(B)CAFEDISPLAYOURJOURNEYS12April-29May2008YoungpeopleexplorehowtheyhaveadaptedtolifeinOxford.“WhenIfirstcamehere,”saysoneyoungAfricanwoman,“Ijustwantedtocryallthetime.AndnowIhavelearnedtolaughagain.”WorkingwithphotographerRoryCarnegieandwriterNikkivanderGaag,youngmenandwomenexploretheirjourneyfromthetimetheyfirstarrivedinastrangeplacetowheretheyfindthemselvestoday.OrganizedbyTheSundayTimesOxfordLiteraryFestival(10－17April2008).SupportedbytheMaggieBlackTrustandOxford●ACTIVlTlESFORCHlLDRENANDFAMILIES●MODERNARTTROLLEYFREEArtactivitiesforchildreneveryweekendduringtheexhibitionintheEntranceSpacefrom2p.m.to4p.m.Justdropin.Childrenmustbeledbyanadult.●WORKSHOPFOR8TO12YEAROLDSThursday7April,10：30a.m.to1：30p.m.Lookingatthemesfromtheexhibitionandexploringpicturesbasedideasthroughgroupdiscussionandusingdigitalcameras.LedbyJudieWaldmann.●BOOKLAUNCHFREETheDrawingBookbySarahSimbletisapracticalapproachtodrawingtheworldaroundyou.SarahSimblet,whoteachesattheRuskinSchoolofDrawingandFineArt,UniversityofBookingrecommendedon01865813802●TEACHERS’EVENINGFREEThursday21April,5p.m.to7：30p.m.LecturebySusanBright,independentwriterandlecturer,at5：30p.m.followedbyanopportunitytoviewtheexhibition.FREEEducationNoteswillbeprovidedforteachersattendingtheevening.●WORKSHOPFORPRIMARYTEACHERSSaturday7May,10：30a.m.to1：30p.m.Workshopforprimaryteacherswhowouldliketodeveloptheirpracticalartskillaswellasgainanunderstandingofmodernartpractice.LedbyJudieWaldmann,artistandformerprimaryschoolteacher.●TALKSANDWORKSHOPSFORSCHOOLGROUPSExhibitiontalksandartist-ledworkshopstocreateworkinresponsetotheexhibitionareavailableforpre-bookedschoolgroups.Suitableforprimaryandsecondaryschools,tocheckavailabilityanddiscussdetailscallSarahMossopon1865813816.Ifyouareateacherandinterestedinart,youprobablywouldliketogoto________.A.TEACHERS’EVENINGB.MODERNARTTROLLEYC.WORKSHOPFORPRIMARYTEACHERSD.TALKSANDWORKSHOPSFORSCHOOLGROUPS2.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage？A.SusanBrightwillgiveashorttalkatthelaunchoftheDrawingBook.B.RoryCarnegieandNikkiwillteachyoungpeoplehowtotakephotos.C.TheworkshopledbyJudieisintendedforthesecondaryschoolstudents.D.ThechildrenwhogototheModernArtTrolleymustbeledbyanadult.3.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleofthetext？A.FreejourneysB.SpringeventsC.WeekendActivitiesD.Activitiesforteachers【答案】1.C2.D3.B【解析】细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段Workshopforprimaryteacherswhowouldliketodeveloptheirpracticalartskillaswellasgainanunderstandingofmodernartpractice可知，答案选择C。细节理解题。可直接在文章第三段MODERNARTTROLLEYFREE标题下找到Childrenmustbeledbyanadult这句话从而判断答案选择D，也可运用排除法，根据BOOKLAUNCHFREE标题下TheDrawingBookbySarahSimbletisapracticalapproachtodrawingtheworldaroundyou.SarahSimblet,whoteachesattheRuskinSchoolofDrawingandFineArt,UniversityofOxford,willbepresenttogiveashorttalkaboutthedevelopmentofherbook可知是SarahSimblet而不是SusanBright要发表讲话，故A错；根据文章第一段和第二段可知文中并没有说RoryCarnegie和Nikki要教年轻人摄影；定位Judie到标题WORKSHOPFOR8TO12YEAROLDS下面，但根据标题可知，这个workshop主要针对的是8到12岁的孩子，故C错。推断题。可运用排除法，首先除了部分标题显示是FREE之外，其他并没有明确说是否免费，所以A不合适；WORKSHOPFOR8TO12YEAROLDS和TEACHERS’EVENINGFREE这两个活动是在周四举办，所以并不是所有活动都是在周末，所以C排除；根据WORKSHOPFOR8TO12YEAROLD可知不是所有的活动都是针对老师的，所以D排除，答案选择B。(C)Researchersinthefieldofpsychologyhavefoundthatoneofthebestwaystomakeanimportantdecision,suchaschoosingauniversitytoattendorabusinesstoinvestin,involvestheutilizationofadecisionworksheet.Psychologistswhostudyoptimizationcompareactualdecisionsmadebypeopletotheoreticalidealdecisionstoseehowsimilartheyare.Supportersoftheworksheetprocedurebelievethatitwillyieldoptimal,thatis,thebestdecisions.Althoughthereareseveralvariationsontheexactformatthatworksheetcantake,theyareallsimilarintheiressentialaspects.Worksheetsrequiredefiningtheprobleminaclearandconcisewayandthenlistingallpossiblesolutionstotheproblem.Next,therelevantconsiderationsthatwillbeaffectedbyeachdecisionarelisted,andtherelativeimportanceofeachconsiderationorconsequenceisdetermined.Eachconsiderationisassignedanumericalvaluetoreflectitsrelativeimportance.Adecisionismathematicallycalculatedbyaddingthesevaluestogether.Thealternativewiththehighestnumberofpointsemergesasthebestdecision.Sincemostimportantproblemsaremultifaceted(多层面的),thereareseveralalternativestochoosefrom,eachwithuniqueadvantagesanddisadvantages.Oneofthebenefitsofapencilandpaperdecision-makingprocedureisthatitpermitspeopletodealwithmorevariablesthantheirmindscangenerallycomprehendandremember.Ontheaverage,peoplecankeepaboutsevenideasintheirmindsatonce.Aworksheetcanbeespeciallyusefulwhenthedecisioninvolvesalargenumberofvariableswithcomplexrelationships.Arealisticexampleformanycollegestudentsisthequestion“WhatwillIdoaftergraduation?”Agraduatemightseekapositionthatoffersspecializedtraining,pursueanadvanceddegree,ortravelabroadforayear.Adecision-makingworksheetbeginswithabriefstatementoftheproblemthatwillalsohelptonarrowit.Itisimportanttobeclearaboutthedistinctionbetweenlong-rangeandimmediategoalsbecauselong-rangegoalsofteninvolveadifferentdecisionthanshort-rangeones.Focusingonlongrangegoals，agraduatingstudentmightrevisethequestionaboveto“WhatwillIdoaftergraduationthatwillleadtoasuccessfulcareer?”

Ofthefollowingsteps,whichoccursbeforetheothersinmakingadecisionworksheet?Listingtheconsequencesofeachsolution.Calculatinganumericalsummaryofeachsolution.Decidingwhichconsequencesaremostimportant.Writingdownallpossiblesolutions.Accordingtodecision-worksheettheory,anoptionaldecisionisdefinedasonethat_______.hasthefewestvariablestoconsiderusesthemostdecisionworksheetshasthemostpointsassignedtoitisagreedtobythegreatestnumberofpeopleTheauthorstatesthat“Ontheaverage,peoplecankeepaboutsevenideasintheirmindsatonce”toexplainthat________.mostdecisionsinvolvesevenstepshumanmentalcapacityhaslimitationssomepeoplehavedifficultymakingminoraswellasmajordecisionspeoplecanlearntokeepmorethansevenideasintheirmindswithpracticeWhatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?Atooltoassistinmakingcomplexdecisions.Acomparisonofactualdecisionsandidealdecisions.Researchonhowpeoplemakedecisions.Differencesbetweenlong-rangeandshort-rangedecisionmaking.【答案】1.D2.C3.B4.A【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段Worksheetsrequiredefiningtheprobleminaclearandconcisewayandthenlistingallpossiblesolutionstotheproblem.Next,…可知，第一步是要写下所有可能的解决方法，答案选择D。推理判断题。根据文章第一段第三句话Supportersoftheworksheetprocedurebelievethatitwillyieldoptimal,thatis,thebestdecisions可知anoptimaldecision指的是thebestdecision，又由第一段最后一句话Thealternativewiththehighestnumberofpointsemergesasthebestdecision可知答案选择C。推理判断题。由文章第二段第二句话Oneofthebenefitsofapencilandpaperdecision-makingprocedureisthatitpermitspeopletodealwithmorevariablesthantheirmindscangenerallycomprehendandremember可知apencilandpaperdecision-makingprocedure的好处之一就是它能让人处理比人们的大脑普遍一次性能处理的要多的事情，据此判断后面这句话应该说的是人类的精神力量是有限制的，故答案选择B。主旨大意题。通篇读下来，文章主要是在介绍adecision-makingworksheet的好处以及用途，B、C、D不符合文章大意。SectionC(8%)Directions:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthesentencesgivenbelow.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwosentencesmorethanyouneed.A.Addashortbutdescriptivesubjectline.B.Havingotherswaitingforyoure-mailshurtstheirenthusiasmforwork.C.Itcouldgetyouabadreputationasbeingindiscreet.D.Peoplefindlonge-mailsirksomeandenergy-sapping.AB.Rushede-mailsthatviolatethebasicnormsofwrittenlanguagebespeakcarelessness.AC.Sendingoute-mailsafterworkinghourcouldbeseenasbeingimpolite.Yourclientsandcolleaguesdon’thavetimetoengagefullywitheverye-mailtheyget.Someofthemreceivehundredsofmessagesperday.That’swhytheystartwiththeonestheycandealwithquickly.Theymaynevergetaroundtoanswering—orevenreading—therest.Sohowdoyouearntheirattention?Trythesetips:Sticktostandardcapitalizationandpunctuation.Conventionsofgoodwritingmayseemlikeawasteoftimefore-mail,especiallywhenyou’retappingoutmessagesonahandhelddevice.Butit’samatterofgettingthingsright—thelittlethings.Evenifpeopleinyourgroupdon’tcapitalizeorpunctuateintheirmessages,standoutassomeonewhodoes.______67_____Andtheirabbreviatedstylecanbeconfusing.Ittakeslesstimetowriteaclearmessagethefirsttimearoundthanitdoestofollowuptoexplainwhatyoumeanttosay.Bebrief—butnottoobrief._____68____Themoretheyhavetoscrollorswipe,thelessreceptivethey’llbetoyourmessage.They’llprobablyjustskimitandmissimportantdetails—orskipitaltogether.Sorarelycomposemorethanasinglescreenofreading.Focusyourcontent,andtightenyourlanguage.Butasyou’retrimmingthefatfromyourmessage,keepthemeatintact.Whengivingaprojectupdate,forexample,supplyenoughbackgroundinformationtoorientyourreaders.Consideryourmessagefromtheirperspective.Theyaren’tasimmersedinyourprojectasyouare,andtheyprobablyhavemanyotherthingsgoingon.Soremindthemwherethingsstoodwhenyoulastsentanupdate,anddescribewhat’shappenedsincethen.____69____Beforehitting“Send,”checkyoursubjectline.Ifit’sgenericorblank,yourmessagewillgetlostinyourrecipient’soverstuffedinbox.Areyouaskingsomeonetotakeaction?Highlightthatinthesubjectline.Makeyourrequesteasytofind—andfulfill.Copypeoplejudiciously.Includeonlythosewhowillimmediatelygraspwhythey’reonthethread;don’tautomaticallyclickon“ReplyAll.”Yourcorrespondentmayhavebeenoverinclusivewiththe“Copy”list,andifyourepeatthatmistake,you’llcontinuetoannoytherecipientswhoshouldn’tbethere.____70____【答案】1.AB2.D3.A4.C【分析】根据后文confusing等，可以判断出在讲解负面的内容，所以选AB根据段首说明要brief，所以后面肯定在讲解原因，所以填写D后文讲解到了subjectline，所以选择A前文在讲解repeatthatmistake的危害，所以选择CSummaryWriting（共10分）Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.Tiredofallthepushinginsupermarkets?Fedupwithwaitinginendlesslinestopayforwhatyouhavebought?Angryatwastingtimeintrafficjamsonlytofindnoparkingspaceswhenyoueventuallyarriveatthestore?Ifthisisyou,thenonlineshoppingistheanswertoyourdreamsoftrouble-freeshopping.Onlineshoppingbringsitsownchallenges.Hereareafewthingstobearinmindwhenbrowsingvariouswebsites.Theclaimmadebyonlinesitesisthatshoppingonlineisasafeandsecurewaytomakepurchases.Theevidencechallengesthis.Inanycase,youonlyhavetobethevictimoffraud(欺骗)oncetoexperiencealltheproblemsthatcomewiththisformofstealing.Useonlysitesthathaveatrustedhistoryandanexcellentreputation.Anotherproblemisthattheappearanceofitemsinrealityisoftenquitedifferentfromwhatyouseeonyourcomputerscreen.Thismightnotbeaproblemifyouarebuyingwashinguppowderbutcouldbeamajordisappointmentwhenthatbeautifulbluedressyouorderedturnsupingreen.Also,productdescriptionsaresometimessimplyuntrue!Perhapsthewisestplanistopurchaseitemswhosedesignandcolorarenotessentialtocustomersatisfaction.Someevenarguethatonlineshoppingindirectlycontributestoglobalwarming.Yes,yourcarcanstayparkedbuthowareonlinegoodsdelivered?Oftenbysomelargevanpouringoutcarbonmonoxideandaddingtoouralreadydesperatetrafficproblems.Youarealsobynowbecomingincreasinglyirritated(使烦恼)bythefactthatthedeliveryislate!【答案】:(要点一)Onlineshoppingcanfreeyouofthetroubleyoumeetwhenbuyingthingsinstore.(要点二)However,ithaschallenges.Firstly,youshouldbearinmindthatyoumustusesiteswhichdeservetrusting.(要点三)Secondly,youshouldn’tbelieveallthedescriptionsbecausetheymaybeuntrue.(要点四)Lastly,youshouldknowalthoughthedeliverymaybelate,itmaycauseglobalwarming.(60words)【分析】：本文是一篇议论文，主要讲述了网购的优势及需要注意的几个问题。第一段引入话题，介绍网购可以为顾客避免很多麻烦。第二段指出存在的挑战，即可能被欺骗。第三段指出对商品的描述可能名不副实，最后一段指出快递运输可能会有助于全球变暖。文章结构清晰，易于概括。第=2\*ROMANII卷（共40分）=1\*ROMANI.Translation(3+3+4+5=15分)Directions:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets.1.人们的共同之处越多，相处得就越好。(common)______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2.缺乏实践经验的大学毕业生不大可能找到高薪的工作。(likely)