2023届上海市部分区高三下学期二模英语试题汇编：概要写作专题

上海市部分区2022-2023学年高三下学期二模英语试卷分类汇编概要写作专题2023届上海市崇明区高三下学期二模英语试卷IV.SummaryWritingDirections:

Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.

71.TheDunning-KrugerEffectIn1999,socialpsychologistsDavidDunningandJustinKrugerdidaseriesofstudiesevaluatingpeople’scompetenceincertainareas.Thepeopleinthestudieswerealsoaskedtoevaluatetheirownabilitiesineacharea.DunningandKrugerfoundthatpeoplewhoscoredverylowonthetesttendedtooverestimatetheirabilities.Laterresearchhasindicatedthatasimilarprincipleappliestootherareasaswell.ThisprinciplehasbecomeknownastheDunning-Krugereffectaftertheresearcherswhodiscoveredit.TheDunning-Krugereffectoccursbecauseonlywhenpeoplehaveskillsinagivenareaaretheyequippedtoevaluatetheirownskills.Forexample,insomesituationsittakesascientisttorecognizebadscience.TheoppositeoftheDunning-Krugereffectalsohappens:capablepeoplehaveamoreaccurateviewoftheirownabilities,andsometimestheyevenunderestimatethemselves.Anextremecaseofthiswouldbeimpostorsyndrome,whichiswhenaskilledpersonfeelsasiftheyarefakingtheirskillsdespiteknowingwhattheyaredoing.It’stemptingtothinkoftheDunning-Krugereffectasaproblemthatotherpeoplehave.Peoplemayevenlaughatthosewhothinkthemselvesmorecompetentthantheyare.Buteveryonehasareaswheretheylackcompetence—andtheDunning-Krugereffectmeanstheymaybeespeciallybadatidentifyingthoseareas.Evenifsomeoneisveryintelligentingeneral,therearestillthingstheydon’tknowmuchabout.Expertise(专业知识)inoneareacannotalwaysbetransferredtootherareas.That’swhyit’simportanttokeepdiggingforinformationevenwhenyouthinkyou’vefoundanswers.Itcanalsobehelpfultocheckyourideaswithotherpeople.Receivingnegativefeedbackcanhurt,butifyou’rewillingtolisten,itcanhelpyougrow.EvenjustkeepinginmindthattheDunning-Krugereffectexistscanhelpyoustayhumble,acceptcriticismand,thus,keeplearningthroughoutyourlife.2023届上海市嘉定区高三下学期二模英语试卷IV.Summarywriting(10分)Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.71.MuseumCrazeInvolvesMoreTeenagersMoremuseumsareherewaitingforyou!China’scapital,Beijing,isgoingtoopenanotherbatch(一批)ofmuseumsthisyear.ThebuildingofanewbranchofthePalaceMuseum,oneoftheworld’smostvisitedtouristattractions,kickedoffaswell.Asthemuseumcrazehasgrownstrongerinthepastfewyears,teenagersinChinahavebecomemoreinvolvedinexploringmuseums,wheretheycanimmerse(沉浸)themselvesinmoderntechnologyaswellasculturefromthepast.AccordingtoEducatormagazine,visitsbyteenagerstomuseumseachyearincreasedfrom220millionto290millioninthepast5years.Amongtheincreasingnumbersofmuseumvisitors,manyofthemwereteenagersaccompaniedbytheirfamilies,reportedGuangmingDailyearlierthismonth.Todrawyoungervisitors,manymuseumsarecreatingmoreofflineactivitiesforthepurposeofspreadingChineseculture.Theyincludeartifactmaking,nightvisits,secretadventures,treasureevaluation,andsomeinterestingcourses.AttheChinaHangzhouArts&CraftsMuseum,forexample,teenagersgatheredaroundtomakepaperumbrellasduringtheSpringFestivalholiday.Withwhiteglovesonandlittlespadesintheirhands,visitorsinHenanprovincegottoexperiencethedailyworkofarchaeologists(考古学家).Apartfromtheactivities,somemuseumsevenopenbranchesespeciallydesignedforteenagers.AhallcalledPopularAgriculturalScienceforYoungVisitorsisaspecialbranchlaunchedbyChinaAgriculturalMuseum.Itisanexhibitionhallthatcombinesbothvisualandaudiotechnologytoinvolveteenagersinagriculture.Besidestheseofflineapproaches,anumberofmuseumshavealsocreatedofficialwebsitesforteenagers,thePalaceMuseuminparticular.Onlinevisitorsmaygoonanexcitingadventureonthewebsiteinthestyleofacomicbook.2023届上海市奉贤区高三下学期二模英语试卷IV.SummaryWritingDirections:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.71.Howyouruniquestorycangetyouhired?You’resittingatyourcomputertoapplyforyourdreamjob,butsuddenlyyou’renotconfidentenoughtogetit.Soyoudon’tevensubmittheapplication. Itisnaturalforyoutoexperienceself-doubtatsuchacrucialmoment,especiallyifyou’repeopleofcolor,firstgenerationcollegestudent,oryoudon’thaveatraditionalbackground.Thesecretistotransformhowyouperceiveyourownstory.Askyourselftwoquestions.Thefirstone:whydoyouwanttodothiswork?Maybeyoualreadyknowthekindofjoborworkenvironmentthatmakesyouhappy,ormaybeyouhaven’tquitefiguredthatoutyet.Usually,yourpersonalexperiencescanhelpgiveyouclues.Forexample,yourbrotherhadtoovercomehisdyslexia(诵读困难症),andyouhelpedhimwithhisreading.Gradually,youbecameinterestedineducation.Thatmotivatedyoutoworkasateacher.Thesecondquestionyouhavetoaskyourself:howcanyoutellyourstorytoexhibittheuniquequalitiesyouhave?Forexample,youundertookmultiplejobsunrelatedtoyourmajorwhileyouwereincollege.Whenyou’reinaninterview,goaheadandtalkaboutthem,becauseitwillshowtheemployerthatyouhavetimemanagementskillsandastrongpassionforwork.Employersarelookingforwell-roundedindividualsthatarecapableofaccomplishingvariousjobtasks.Gobackandreflectonthosetoughquestionsthatyouneedtoanswer.Theanswersarewhatmakesyouyou.Reframingyourstorycanremakeyourconfidenceoverandoveragain,butittakestime.It’slikerunningamarathon.Youhavetotrainandpractice.Whenyoulearntopracticeyourstory,tellitwithassurance.You’resuretostandoutamongallthecandidates.2023届上海市杨浦区高三下学期二模英语试题IV.SummaryWritingDirections:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.HumansEvolvedtoBeLonelyLonelinesshurtsand,overtime,itcanputthebodyintoastatethatincreasesourriskofeverythingfromheartattacktodiabetesandcancer.So,evolutionarilyspeaking,whydoweexperienceit?StephanieCacioppo,aneuroscientist,saysthatcountlessstudieshavehelpedresearchersformulateaholistic（全面的）purposeforloneliness.Beingsocialhaditsdownsidesevenbackthen-competitionforfood,forexample,orcontributiontothespreadofpathogens（病原体）.Butscientiststhinkweevolvedtofeellonelinessbecauseitwasmoreimportanttoworkwithoneanothertoaccomplishtasksandprotecteveryone.“Thepainoflonelinessdroveustorenewthesocialstructuresowecouldsurviveandpromotekeyfeaturesliketrust,cooperationandcollectiveaction,”explainsCacioppo.Shesaysthat,foryears,researchersthoughtoflonelinessasa“diseasewithnocompensatoryfeatures.”Butnow,they’rerealizingthatit'smoreofabiologicalhungersignalthatremindsuswhenit'stimetoreconnectwiththosearoundustopromoteourshort-termsurvival.Iftheoutcomesoflonelinesswereentirelynegative,itwouldnolongerbeapartofourDNA.“Hungerandthirstprotectourphysicalbodywhilelonelinessprotectsoursocialbody,”saysCacioppo.Interestingly,whilelonelinesssendsasignaltothebrainthatit'stimeforconnection,atthesametimeit'salsolookingfordanger.This“contradictorysignal,”accordingtoCacioppo,remindsustobecarefulofwhetherthepeopleweareconnectingwithareenemiesorfriends.Shecallsthisneedtobewatchfulevenaswe'resocializinga“self-protectionmechanism.”Thatmeansinsituationswhereyoufeellonelyevenwhensurroundedbyothers,you’resubconsciouslythinkingthatthiscrowdmightnotbeagoodevolutionaryfitforyoursurvival.2023届上海市浦东新区高三下学期二模英语试题IV.SummaryWritingDirections:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.71.AplantorestoregreenspacesTheUKgovernmenthasrevealedaplantoprotectandrestoreEngland'swildlife.Itfocusesonat-riskspeciesbymakingcanals,riversandstreamscleanerandexpandinggreenspaces.ThenewEnvironmentalImprovementPlansetsgoalstocreateorrestoremorethan5,000squarekilometresofwildlifehabitatsacrossEnglandandrestore400milesofrivers.Itwillcreateorexpand25nationalnaturereserves.Newwoodlandwillalsobeplantedalongsiderivers.Atthemoment,accesstogreenspacesisnotequalacrosstheUK.Around4%ofpeoplelivemorethan10minutesawayfromtheirnearestpark.TheEnvironmentalImprovementPlanaimstomakesurehouseholdsinEnglandarewithina15-minutewalktoagreenspace.Aswellashelpingmorepeopletogetclosetonature,theplanshouldincreaseEngland'sbiodiversity.ASpeciesSurvivalFundwillbesetuptohelpsomeofEngland’smostendangeredanimals，suchasredsquirrels（松鼠）andwaterrats.TheGovernmenthassettargetstoboostthesespeciesby2030.Therearealsotargetstoreducefoodwaste,glass,metal,paperandplasticby2028,andtoimprovethequalityofwaterinrivers.NewrulesmeanthattheGovernmentwillhavetoconsidertheenvironmentaleffectsofanypolicyitputsforward.Thesegoalsarepartofa25-yearplanthatwaslaunchedin2018.Theaimoftheplanistoimprovetheenvironment“withinageneration”,whichisroughly25years.Althoughlotsofpeoplehavewelcomedtheplan,noteveryoneisimpressed.PauldeZylva,fromthecharityFriendsoftheEarth,saiditwasn'tclearenoughhowthegoalswouldbemetandthatmanyofthemwerelikepromisestheGovernmenthadalreadymadebutnotyetdelivered.参考答案2023届上海市崇明区高三下学期二模英语试卷IV.SummaryWriting（共10分）TheDunning-Krugereffectreferstoaprinciplewherepeoplewhodon’tknowmuchincertainareastendtooverestimatethemselves.Theoppositesituationcanalsohappenwherecapablepeopleunderestimatethemselves.However,manypeoplemaynotrealizewheretheylackcompetence,soit’sadvisabletoadmittheexistenceoftheDunning-Krugereffectandkeephumbleandlearning.(57words)档次内容语言A55B44C33D22E11F00评分标准：1.本题总分为10分,其中内容5分,语言5分。2.评分时应注意的主要方面:内容要点、信息呈现的连贯性和准确性。3.词数超过60，酌情扣分。各档次给分要求:内容部分：A.能准确、全面地概括文章主旨大意，并涵盖主要信息。B.能准确概括文章主旨大意，但遗漏个别主要信息。C.能概括文章主旨大意，但遗漏部分主要信息。D.未能准确概括文章主旨大意，遗漏较多主要信息或留有过多细节信息。E.几乎不能概括文章的主旨大意，未涉及文中有意义的相关信息。F.完全未作答或作答与本题无关。语言部分：A.能用自己的语言连贯、正确地表述。B.能用自己的语言较连贯、正确地表述，但有个别语言错误。C.基本能用自己的语言连贯、正确地表述，但连贯性较差，且有少量不影响表意的语言错误。D.基本能用自己的语言表述，但连贯性较差，且严重语言错误较多。E.几乎不能用自己的语言连贯、正确地表述。F.完全未作答或作答与本题无关。2023届上海市嘉定区高三下学期二模英语试卷Summary:Beijingwillopenmoremuseumsthisyear.Withthepopularityofmuseums,therehasbeenincreasingparticipationamongteenagers.Thenumberofteenagervisitsincreaseseachyear.Toattractteenagers,somemuseumsaredevelopingmoreofflineeventsrelatedtoChineseculture,whileotherslaunchbranchesdedicatedtoteenagers.Besides,somemuseumsalsocreateonlinewebsitesforteenagers.(57words)2023届上海市奉贤区高三下学期二模英语试卷概要写作：(version1)Whenyoudoubtyourselfinjob-hunting,viewingyourownstoryfromadifferentperspectiveishelpful.First,lookforsomepossiblemotivesfromyourpreviousexperiences.Second,digyourstrengthsanddemonstratethemtotheemployers.Ifyoumakefulluseoftheseskills,itismorelikelyforyoutogetyourdreamjob.(55words)(version2)Youruniquestorycanhelpyougetyourdreamjobsuccessfully.Thekeyistomakegooduseofthestory.First,askyourselfwhyyouwanttodothisworkbyreferringtoyourpersonalexperiences.Second,figureouthowyoucandemonstrateyouruniquestrengthstotheemployers.Withtheseskills,youaremorelikelytogethired.(60words)2023届上海市杨浦区高三下学期二模英语试题IV.SummaryWritingLonelinessisapainfulfeelingnegatively