英语新导学人教版必修四讲义unit1periodone

Unit1Womenofachievement［单元核心素养：人与社会一伟大的女性】Whatwewomenneedtodo,insteadofworryingaboutwhatwedon'thave,isjustlovewhatwedohave.—CameronDiaz我们女人需要做的就是，与其担心、我们没有的东西，还不如去热爱我们已经拥有的东西。一卡梅隆♦迪亚兹厂单元话题美文MarieCurie'sdaughter-IreneCurieMostpeopleknowthatMarieCuriewasthefirstwomantowintheNobelPrize,andthefirstpersontowinit,fewpeopleknowthatshewasalsothemotherofaNobelPrizewinner.BominSeptember,1897,IreneCuriewasthefirstoftheCuries'twowithnineotherchildrenwhoseparentswerealsofamousscholars,Irenestudiedintheirownschool,andhermotherwasoneoftheenteredtheUniversityofParisin1914topreparefbradegreeinmathematicsandWorldWarIbegan,Irenewenttohelphermother,whowasusingX-rayfacilitiestohelpsavethelivesofwoundedcontinuedtheworkbydevelopingX-rayfacilitiesinmilitaryhospitalsinFranceandserviceswererecognizedintheformofaMilitary'sMedalbytheFrenchgovernment.In1918,Irenebecamehermother?sassistantattheCurieDecember1924,FredericJoliotjoinedtheInstitute,andIrenetaughthimthetechniquesrequiredforhissoonfellinloveandweremarriedindaughterHelenwasbornin1927andtheirsonPierrefiveyearslater.Likehermother,Irenecombinedfamilyandhermother,IrenewasawardedaNobelPrize,alongwithherhusband,in,alsolikehermother,shedevelopedleukaemiabecauseofherworkwithJoliot-CuriediedfromleukaemiaonMarch17,1956.玛丽・居里的女儿——艾琳,居里大多数人都知道玛丽•居里是第一位获得诺贝尔奖的女性，而且是第一位两次获得该奖项的人。然而，很少有人知晓她也是一位诺贝尔获奖者的母亲。艾琳・居里出生于1897年9月，是居里夫妇两个女儿中的大女儿。和其他九个父母也是著名学者的孩子一起，艾琳在他们自己的学校学习，她的母亲就是其中的一位老师。1914年艾琳考入巴黎大学，攻读数学和物理学学位。当第一次世界大战爆发时，艾琳去帮助她的母亲，当时居里夫人正使用X光设备来帮助拯救受伤士兵的生命。艾琳通过在法国和比利时的军队医院里研制X光设备继续着这一工作。她的工作得到了广泛认可，从而获得法国政府颁发的军事奖章。1918年，作为母亲的助手，艾琳成为居里研究所的一员。1924年12月，约里奥•弗里德wantyoutobeabletotakecareofyourselfandthedon'tyouthinkaboutwhatyou'dliketodoandgetthetrainingyou'11needtodoit?”IsignedupfortheentranceexamfbrnursingdayIreceivedaletterfromthewantedsobadlytoopenit,butwithmylackofconfidence,Ilaiditonthekitchencounter,saying,UVmnotinthemoodfbrarejectionlettertoday.vFinallyIforcedmyselftoopenit.uDearCarol,“Iread."Wearepleasedtoinformyouthatyousuccessfullypassedtheentranceexam.vAninsensitive（冷漠的）teacheroncestolemyyouhaveadream,exhausteveryefforttoreach'veworkedthirtyyearsnowasanurseandI'veneverbeenmorecertainthatthisiswhatIwasmeanttobe.语篇解读本文介绍了卡罗尔重拾梦想的故事。WhydidJohnadviseCaroltofindajob?Tosupportthefamily.Tobeabletoliveindependently.Toliveamorecolorfullife.Toprovidemoremoneyfbrherkids.答案B解析细节理解题。根据第四段最后两句可知，丈夫让她找工作是希望她可以独立生活，故答案为BoFromthetext,weknowwhattheteachersaid.A.savedCarolfromwastinghertimeB・helpedCarolfindhertrueinterestC・destroyedCarol'sdreamtobeanurseD.encouragedCaroltobecarefulinlearning答案C解析推理判断题。根据第二段内容及最后一段第一句可推知，老师所说的话摧毁了她的梦想，故答案为C。Afterreceivingtheletterfromtheschool,Carol.A.couldn,twaittoopenitB・hadnomoodtoreaditthenC・didn'ttakeitseriouslyatallD・wasuncertainabouttheresult答案D解析推理判断题。第五段提到卡罗尔收到一封信，但因为她没有把握通过考试，担心被拒绝，所以那天她没有打开信；第六段提到她打开了那封信，高兴地得知自己通过了考试。由此可推知，卡罗尔对信中的内容不确定，故答案为D。.Whatmaybethebesttitleforthetext?A.TooStupidtoBeaNurseB・ADreamtooHightoAchieveNevertooLatetoLearnAChancetooImportanttoMiss答案A解析标题归纳题。根据第二段第一句并结合全文可知，作者在借用这句话说明当时老师对她的影响，最后作者通过努力打破了这一观念，实现了护士梦。A项实际上含有调侃的意味，更能突出主题，故答案为A。II.七选五Theworldisaninterestingpeoplelikedifferentpeoplelikeloudpeopledon't.1Manypeoplelikesports,buttheydonotalllikethesamesomecountries,cricket（板球运动）isaverypopularothercountries,itisnotpopularatoneplaysitorwatchesiton,mostpeoplelikeWorldCupisverypopular.2Differentpeoplelikedifferentpeopledonotlikemeat.3Somepeopledonotlikepotatoesorpreferrice.4Mostpeoplehavetheirfavoritepeoplelikebrightpreferpalecolors.Manypeoplelikepeoplelikedifferentpeopleliketogotothelikethefreshpeopleliketogotothecities,becausetheylikeshopping.5Theylikesoftmusic.Noteveryonelikesthesamecolor.MillionsofpeoplewatchthegamesonTV.Differentpeoplelikedifferentkindsofpets.Theyeatfruitandvegetablesmostofthetime.Sotheydon'traisepigsintheircountries.Someotherpeopleenjoybeautifulplaceslikethemountainsorbeaches.语篇解读世界真奇妙，不同的人喜欢不同的东西。本文分别从运动、饮食、颜色和旅行四个方面讲述了不同人的不同喜好。.答案A解析空格前两句是对比关系，前面说有些人喜欢喧闹的音乐，那后面应该会提到另一些人喜欢轻音乐。故选A。.答案C解析空格前一句意为：世界杯非常受欢迎。选项C说成千上万的人从电视上看比赛，衔接自然，语意贯通。故选C。.答案E解析此段关于不同人的不同饮食习惯，选项中只有E项提到饮食。故选E。.答案B解析此段关于颜色的喜好，选项中只有B项提到颜色。故选B。.答案G解析此段关于旅游的喜好，不同的人喜欢去不同的地方，空格前面提到两种不同的喜好，G项提到了另一种不同的喜好，而且句子的结构与前面两句一致。故选G。里克参与了研究所的工作，艾琳教给他工作所需的一些技能。不久他们相爱了，并于1926年结婚。1927年他们的女儿海伦出生，五年后又有了他们的儿子皮埃尔。和她的母亲一样，艾琳把家庭和事业结合在了一起。1935年，和她的母亲一样，艾琳和丈夫一起获得了诺贝尔奖。不幸的是，同样和她的母亲一样，艾琳由于从事辐射能的工作而患上了白血病。1956年3月17日，艾琳•约里奥•居里死于白血病。PeriodOneWarmingUp&Reading——Pre-reading回归教材萃取文本主旨回归教材萃取文本主旨回归教材萃取文本主旨课文预读■读前清障回归教材萃取文本主旨匹配左边的单词和右边的汉语意思［第一组］1.connectionA.成就；功绩2.achievementB.组织；机构；团体3.specialistC.观察；观测4.organizationD.连接;关系5.observationE.1.connectionA.成就；功绩2.achievementB.组织；机构；团体3.specialistC.观察；观测4.organizationD.连接;关系5.observationE.专家;专业工作者答案［第二组］6.campaignA.行为;举止7.behaviourB.灵感;鼓舞8.entertainmentC.款待；娱乐9.shadeD.运动；战役inspirationE.巢；窝nestF.荫；阴凉处6.campaignA.行为;举止7.behaviourB.灵感;鼓舞8.entertainmentC.款待；娱乐9.shadeD.运动；战役inspirationE.巢；窝nestF.荫；阴凉处答案［第三组］12.welfareA.联系;纽带13.instituteB.学会;学院；协会14.bondC.福利;福利事业15.argumentD.童年;幼年时代16.childhoodE.争论;12.welfareA.联系;纽带13.instituteB.学会;学院；协会14.bondC.福利;福利事业15.argumentD.童年;幼年时代16.childhoodE.争论;争吵答案［第四组］arguearguerespectcrowdbehaveobserve答案［第五组］.outspokensupportprojectlandmineworthwhile答案r阅读导入arguerespectcrowdbehavearguerespectcrowdbehaveobserve答案［第五组］.outspokensupportprojectlandmineworthwhile答案r阅读导入A.尊敬；尊重B.讨论；争论C.挤满；使拥挤D.观察；遵守E.举动；表现A.地雷B.项目；工程；规划C.支持；拥护D.值得的；值得做的E.直言的；坦诚的I.Doyouknowanythingaboutthefollowinggreatwomen?DiscussinpairswhatmakesthemI.Doyouknowanythingaboutthefollowinggreatwomen?Discussinpairswhatmakesthemtrytomatchthenamesofthegreatwomenandwhattheydid.JaneGoodallJodyWilliamsSongQinglingJoanofArcA.TheonlywomanscientistwhowasawardedtwoNobelPrizes.Tohelpwomenandchildrenwiththeirillnessandhealth.Theonlyfemalemonarch（君主）ofChina.Toworkwithanimalsinthewild.LinQiaozhiI.Doyouknowanythingaboutthefollowinggreatwomen?Discussinpairswhatmakesthemtrytomatchthenamesofthegreatwomenandwhattheydid.JaneGoodallJodyWilliamsSongQinglingJoanofArcA.TheonlywomanscientistwhowasawardedtwoNobelPrizes.Tohelpwomenandchildrenwiththeirillnessandhealth.Theonlyfemalemonarch（君主）ofChina.Toworkwithanimalsinthewild.LinQiaozhiE.TodrivetheEnglishoutofFrance.MarieCurieWuZetianF.Topreventthemakinganduseoflandmines.G.Toworkfbrcivilrights,democracy（民主政治）andpeace.答案II.Doyouknowanyotherwomenwhohavemadegreatachievementstotheworld?Whoisyourmodelfemalefigure?Whathaveyoulearnedfromher?r课文理解Step1Fast-readingI.What'sthemainideaofthepassage?A.JaneGoodall?slifeinprotectingthewildlife.B・JaneGoodairslifeintheforestinAfrica.Chimps'lifeintheforest.Manywildanimalsareindanger.答案AII.Matchthemainideaofeachparagraph.Janehasachievedmanythingsthroughherefforts.Janehasdonemanythingsforchimps.Janehashelpedpeopletohaveabetterunderstandingofthebehaviourofchimps.ThegroupstudiedafamilyofchimpsinthewaythatJanedid.答案：D：C：B：AStep2CarefuLreadingI.Readthepassageandjudgewhetherthefollowingsentencesaretrue(T)orfalse(F).Thechimpsshowloveintheirfamilybytalkingtoeachother.(F)Janehashelpedtosetupspecialplacesforthewildanimalstolivein.(T)Shehasarguedthatchimpsshouldbeleftinthefbrest.(T)Shesupposesthatpeopleshouldnotusechimpsforentertainment.(T)Shehasspentlessthanfortyyearshelpingpeopleunderstandherwork.(F)II.Readthepassagecarefullyandchoosethebestanswer.Fromthefirstparagraph,wecanseethat.thegrouphappenedtoseeafamilyofchimpswakeupitmustbeatiringjobtofollowandwatchchimpfamiliesC・chimpsarefriendlytohumansD.chimpsofafamilyareusedtosleepingseparately答案BMostofthetime,chimpseitherfeedorcleaneachotherbecause.A・theyarehungryB・theyaredirtyC.theyarefriendlytoeachotherD・theyhavenothingtodo答案CWhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?Janehadtoworkwithanimalsintheirownenvironmentbecauseshewasn,tabletostudyatauniversity.ThankstoJane,swork,peopleknowalotmoreaboutthewildlifethanbefore.Janeagreedthattheanimalscouldbeleftinthewildandcouldbeusedfbrentertainmentandadvertisements.ThoughJaneworkedhardwithanimalsintheirownenvironment,shedidnJtgetadoctorsdegree.答案BWhatdoestheword“they”inthesentenceuThenwefollowastheywanderintotheforest.vmean?Jane'sfamily.Somefamiliesintheforest.Thechimpfamily.D,AGombefamily.答案CTheauthorwritesthispassageina(n)attitude.A.subjectiveB.admiringC.ironic(讽刺的)D.humorous答案BStep3Post-readingAfterreadingthepassage,pleasefillinthefollowingblanks.JaneGoodallhasstudiedthechimpsfbrmanyyearsandhelpedpeopleunderstandhowmuchtheybehavelikebeforeJaneLfully(full)understoodtheirherchildhoodshe2.hadwanted(want)toworkwithanimalsintheirown,thiswasnotshefirstarrivedinGombein1960,itwas3.unusual(usual)fbrawomantoliveintheafterhermothercametohelpherfbr4.thefirstfewmonthswassheallowedtobeginherspentmanyyears5.observing(observe)andrecordingtheirdailyalsodiscoveredhowchimpscommunicate6.witheachhasarguedthattheyshould7.beleft(leave)inthewildandnotusedfbrentertainmentorhashelpedtosetupspecialplaces8.wheretheycanlivehasachievedeverythingshewantedtodo,andshe9.isrespected(respect)bymanypeopleinthenowsheinspiresthosewhowanttocheerthe10.achievements(achieve)ofwomen.Step4Sentence-learningThismeansgoingbacktotheplacewhereweleftthefamilysleepinginatreethenightbefore.［句式分析］本句是一个复合句。goingbacktotheplace为动名词短语，作动词means的宾语。whereweleftthefamilysleepinginatreethenightbefore为定语从句，修饰先行词theplace,leftthefamilysleepinginatree为“leave+宾语+宾补”结构，因thefamily与sleep之间构成逻辑上的主谓关系，所以用sleeping作宾补。［自主翻译］这意味着我们要返回前一天晚上我们离开黑猩猩一家睡觉的大树旁。Forexample,oneimportantthingshediscoveredwasthatchimpshuntandeatmeat.［句式分析］本句是一个复合句。shediscovered为省略了关系代词的定语从句，修饰先行词thingothatchimpshuntandeatmeat为表语从句，由that引导，一般不可以省略，and连接表语从句中的两个动词。［自主翻译］比方说，她的一个重要发现是黑猩猩捕猎并吃肉。Shehasachievedeveiythingshewantedtodo：workingwithanimalsintheirownenvironment,gainingadoctor?sdegreeandshowingthatwomencanliveintheforestasmencan.［句式分析］本句是一个复合句。shewantedtodo为省略了关系代词that的定语从句。后面接连三个动名词短语workingwith...,gaining...,andshowing…作everything的同位语；thatwomencanliveintheforestasmencan为宾语从句，作动词show的宾语。［自主翻译］她已经完成了她想做的一切：在动物生活的环境中工作，获得博士学位，证明女人能像男人一样在森林里生活。课时跟踪练强化训练限时规范答题I.阅读理解AWomenhavebeenmakingscientificdiscoveriessinceancientwomenhavewontheNobelPrizefbrScience,oneofthehighesthonorsinthewomenscientistsnevermarried,someworkedwiththeirhusbands,andothersraisedlargehasbeendifficultforwomentobesuccessfulscientists.Intheearly1800sinEngland,MaryArmingbecameoneofthefirstwomenrecognizedforherdiscoveriesabouttheancienthistoryoftheandherfathercollectedfossils（化石）intheirvillageonthesouthcoastofGreatarepartsofplantsoranimalsthathavebeensavedinrocksfbrmillionsofyears.Whenshewasonlytwelveyearsold,Marybecamethefirstpersontofindthealmostcompleteskeletons（骨架）ofseveralanimalsthatnolongerexistedonthedidn'tbecomefamousforherdiscoveriesatthattimebecausesheoftensoldherfossilstogetmoneytosupportherfamily.In1891,ayoungPolishwomannamedMarieSklodowskatraveledtoParistostudydidsobecauseshecouldnotgetacollegeeducationinbeganworkinginthelaboratoryofamannamedPierreandPierreCuriegotmarriedandmademanydiscoveriesreceivedtheNobelPrizeforPhysicsin1903alongwithanotherCuriebecamethefirstpersontobeawardedasecondNobelPrizein1911,thistimefbrCuriewasoneofthefewwomenatthetimewhobecamefamousasascientist.语篇解读自古以来女性就在科学领域做出了巨大贡献，让我们了解其中的两位吧」Theauthorbelievesthatwomenscientists.A.havemoreopportunitiestobecomesuccessfulB・cannotgetthehighesthonorsintheworldgothroughdifficultiestobesuccessfulhadbetterpaymoreattentiontotheirfamilies答案c解析细节理解题。由第一段最后一句可知，作者认为女性科学家经历很多艰难才能走向成功。.MaryAnningwasoneofthefirstwomento.wintheNobelPrizeforScienceaftergettingmarriedmakeachievementsinthestudyofancientearthresearchanimalsandtheirbonesstudythemysteryofallkindsofplants答案B角星析细节理解题。由第二段中的a...forherdiscoveriesabouttheancienthistoryoftheearth.”可知选Bo.WhatcanwelearnaboutMarieSklodowska?ShestudiedphysicsinPolandandgotacollegeeducation.ShereceivedtheNobelPrizeforPhysicsin1903onherown.SheonlygotoneNobelPrizeduringherlifetime.Shemademanydiscoveriesaftershegotmarried.答案D解析推理判断题。由最后一段中的uMarieandPierreCuriegotmarriedandmademanydiscoveriestogether.v可知D项正确。.What'sthepassagemainlyabout?Ancientdiscoveries.Womenscientists.Successfulmarriages.D,Differentprizes.答案B解析主旨大意题。由主题段落第一段可知，作者主要讲述成功的女科学家的事迹，后文中的两个例子也体现了这一点。故选B。BMaria。718〜1799）wasafamousItalianwasdescribedinabookasfollows：”Mariawasachildprodigy（神童）,butwasalsoshy.”Shestayedathome,teachingtheyoungerchildrenandfollowingherownhermotherdiedaftergivingbirthtotwenty-onechildren,Mariatookovertherunningofthetheageoftwentyshestartedaten-yearproject,abookbringingtogethertheworkoncalculus（彳散积分学）ofLeibnitzandNewtontitledAnalyticInstitutions.Sometimesshewouldhavetroublewithaproblem,buthermindwentonworkingeveninhersleep；shewouldsleepwalktoherstudyandbacktothemorning,shewouldfindtheanswertotheproblemwaitingonherbookmadeherfamous；shewaslivingproofofwhatshehadarguedatnineyearsoldthatwomenhadarighttostudyMariahadotherinterestsinherlifeapartfromhadalwaysworkedwiththepoorpeopleinherarea,andshehadaskedherfatherfbrseparateroomsandturnedthemintoaprivateworkedatthehospital（andanother）untilshediedattheageofwroteanimportantbookonmathematics,aswellasanotherunpublishedranahouseholdofovertwentypeople,andsheworkedforpeoplewhohadnothadherluckandoneofthesethingswasremarkable,butshedidthemall.语篇解读本文是一篇人物传记。主要介绍了印度著名数学家玛丽亚的成功经历和她为一些穷人做出的贡献。.WeknowfromthetextthatMaria.A.wasamathsteacherwhenshewasyoungB-livedarichlifeinherchildhoodwasbominalargefamilywastooshytoteachothers答案c解析细节理解题。根据第二段第二句可知，她妈妈有21个孩子，所以她出生在一个大家庭。Itcanbeinferredfrom