短文改错专题复习

短文改错专题复习［复习讲义］英语复习短文改错专题nmet短文改错的解题基本思路应该是：一.以句为单位，找行中错误，每行必有一个判断(错词、多词、少词和正确)，而判断的依据一定是上下文，最小单位是一个完整的句子。二.以篇为单位，找句中错误。许多时候，就某一行或某一句单独而言常常难以判断其是否正确，错误何在，而必须以全篇为一整体才可对该句，进而对该行作出判断。具体解题过程中，应该注意把握九个一致问题：一.时态一致短文中谓语动词的时态与上下文，特定语言环境及该句的时间状语是否保持了呼应与一致。例1.myfavoritesportisfootball.iwasamemberofourfootballteam.(nmet'98)全文都是一般现在时，此句中was虽然与上下问不一致，应改为am。例2.irememberedherwordsandcalmdown.(nmet'XX)此处为一描述过去事件的语境，应与前文remembered保持一致，须 来源网络整理，仅供供参考改为calmedo例3.today,itismucheasiertobehealthythanitisinthepast.(nmet93)第一个is与时间状语today保持一致，地第二个is则应改为was,使之与其时间状语inthepast一致。二.主谓一致谓语动词在人称和数上是否与主语保持一致。例4.nowmypictureandtheprizeishanginginthelibrary.(nmet'XX)主语为aandb时，谓语动词一般为复数，应改为are。例5.thenewboyorgirlinschoolquicklybecomeoneoftheclassafterafewgames.(nmet’93)主语为aorb时，应由靠近谓语的主语来决定谓语的单复数，become应改为becomes.例6.playfootballnotonlymakesusgrowuptallandstrong…(nmet?98)此处与例4,例5不同，谓语动词makes与上下文保持一致，为正确的用法，而play须改playing才可与此处其它部分一致。三.平行一致notonly…butalso…,either…or…,neither…nor…以及and,but,or等并列连词或词组连接的结构可称为平行结构。在平行结构中，词性时态等形式须保持前后一致。例7.playingfootballnotonlymakes…butalsogiveusasenseoffair 来源网络整理，仅供供参考 2playandteamspirit.(nmet’98)依据平行一致原则，此处give应与前文makes保持一致，改为gives.例8.itwasverykindofthemtomeetmeattherailwaystationanddrovemetotheirhome.(nmet’96)此匕句中的drove应与前文tomeet保持平行，故改为driveo四.数的一致名词的数须与其修饰语保持一致例9.westudyquiteafewsubject,suchasmaths,Chinese…(nmet’97)quiteafew只修饰复数名词，保持一致,subject应改为subjects.例10.they…askedmelotsofquestion.(nmet’96)与lotsof保持一致的只能是复数名词，应改为questions.五.主饰一致句中的主要词(中心词)应与其修饰词间保持一致。共16页，当前第1页12345678910111213141516除了例9,例10外，还有例11.・・・sothati'llgetgoodmarksinallmysubject.(nmetXX)all若修饰可数名词时，其后名词应为复数。subject该为subjects。例12.shesaidthatsheandmyschoolmateallwishedmesuccess.(nmetXX)all修饰的主语部分应是三者以上，故schoolmate 来源网络整理，仅供供参考应为schoolmates.例13.unfortunate,therearetoomanypeople…(nmet’99)unfortunate应作状语，修饰整个句子，此时应为副词unfortunately才可保持一致。例14.i’msurewe’llhaveawonderfullytimetogether.(nmet95)修饰名词，应为awonderfultime.六.指代一致用于指代的各类代词应在数、格、性上与上下文保持一致。例15.thesmithsdidhisbesttomakemefeelathome.(nemt’96)thesmiths为一复数概念，故指代词也应为第三人称复数their.例16.iliveinbeijing,whereisthecapitalofchina.(nmet’97)此处应为作主语的关系代词which.例17.andican'tforgetthefoodyoucookedfori.(nmet'95)此处i应作介词的宾语，故改为me才可保持一致。七.语态一致句中谓语动词或非谓语动词应与上下文语态保持一致。例18.booksmaybekeepforfourweeks.(nemt?94)与其主语books相对应，此处应为被动语态，故keep应改为kept。 来源网络整理，仅供供参考 4八.搭配一致句中的固定搭配应保持完整并与上下文一致。例19.ifeltsonervousasishooklikealeaf.(nmet'XX)后跟从句，保持一致须用so…that结构这一固定搭配。as改为that.例20.ilookforwardtohearfromyousoon.(nmet’97)lookforwardto中to是介词，其后应为动名词hearing。例21.butitdidn'tmatterthatiwouldwinornot.(nmet’XX)与其后ornot保持一致时应用whethero例22.ihaveneitherbrothersnorsisters---inanyotherwords,iamanonlychild.(nmetXX)inanyotherwords意为“换言之"，应为inotherwords。九.逻辑一致这是一种隐蔽性较强且年年必考的错误，检查时应通篇考虑，重点在连词、代词，肯定与否定，及相对应的动词如come与go等。例23.shewassmilingbutnoddingatme.(nmet'XX)上下文看，应为she---myenglishteacher微笑且点头鼓励我，but应为ando例24.nowsomeoneathomereadsinstead.(nmet’99)从上文可知，因为无电视可看，人人都只好读书，someone改为 来源网络整理，仅供供参考everyone或everybody.例25.andtheymustnotbreaktherulestoooftenifwewanttowinthegame.(nmet’98)通读全文，都是用第一人称，这时突然用到they,显然不一致，应改为we.［实战演练一］⑴mostfamiliesinchinahopedtheirsinglechildrenwill76.共16页，当前第2页12345678910111213141516haveahappyfuture,sotheyareverystrictintheirchildren,77.sodoteachersinschools!manychildrenaregivensomuch78.homeworkthattheyhavehardlyanysparetimehavesports.79. thechildrenareforbiddentodoanythingbuttostudy.no80wondersomanychildrenaretiredoflessons.someeven81.attackorkillhisparentsandteachers!ibelievemanypeople82. alreadyreadthiskindofnewsinnewspapersormagazines.83.shouldn'twedrawlessonfromtheaccidents?ernmentismakingoutaplantosolvetheeducation 来源网络整理，仅供供参考 6problems.85.⑵nowadays,almosteveryfamilyhastvset,andalmost76. everyonelikeswatchingtv.tvhasbecomepartofourlives.77.tvhasmanyadvantages,forexample,itinformsusthe78latestnewswhichishappeningintheworld;itcanopenour79.eyes,enlargeourknowledgeandalsohelpustoseemore80.abouttheworld.but,italsohassomedisadvantages.people81. wastetoomuchtimeinwatchingtvandhisnormallife82.andworkareaffected,tothechildrenwhotheyspendtoo83.muchtimeinwatchingtv,itcandoharmfultotheirsight84.andhealthy.soweshouldcontrolthetimeofwatchingtv.85⑶afewmonthsafterreturningtheusfromgermany,itook76. partinacollegecourseinfrench.sinceihavelearned77.tosaygermanwellingermany,erestedtobeginstudyinganotherlanguage.atthe79.共16 来源网络整理，仅供供参考页，当前第3页12345678910111213141516firstclass,theteacheraskedustodoapronunciation80.exerciseinithewouldsayawordortwoinfrench,and81.eachstudentwoulddotheirbesttocopy.whenhegotto82.me,hekepthavingmetosaymorewords,andi83.finallyaskedhimwhy,“ifinditgreatfun,“sheexplained84.it.“in25yearsofteachingatschool,it?sthefirsttime85.i'veheardanamericanspeakfrenchwithagermanaccent.”⑷thehuaiheriverhasbeenseriouspolluted.dayandlionsoftonsofwastewaterisbeingpoureddowntofrom77.hundredsoffactories.thewastewaterisharmful.atpresent78.thereisnofishinit.theriverwatercannotbedrunk.peoplein79.eitherbankhavetodigwellstotakedrinkingwater.thehuaihe80.riverissuchdirtyandpoisonousthatpeopledontdareswim81.init.somethingmustbedonetostoppingthepollution. 来源网络整理，仅供供参考 8ernmentandthepeopleneartherivermusttrytoclearwater83.assoonaspossible.nowspecialattentionhaspaidtothe84.pollutionbythegovernmentandmorescientists.thepollution85. willbepreventedinthenearfuture.⑸dearabby,howareyou?todayi’vegotawonderfulnewstotellyou.76.ihaveofferedascholarshipatauniversityinaustraliaformy77.furthereducation.onehundredandtwentystudentstookexam forit,butonlyafewwaschosenandiwasoneofthem.however, myparentsarenothappyaboutit.theyarestrongagainstme共16页，当前第4页12345678910111213141516goingthere.theysayitistoofarawaythattheywillnotseeme 来源网络整理，仅供供参考forawholeyearandtheyareafraidofiwillfeellonely.they82.can’timagineagirlsoyounglivealone.theyadvisemetostudy83. inthecapitalinstead.theni'llbeabletocontinuelivingwith84.them.howcanipersuadethemtoacceptthefactihavegrownup?85.bestwishes,jane⑹aperson'sagenolongertellsyousomethingabout76.hissocialposition,marriageorhealthy.there'snolonger,77.aparticularyearwhichonegoestoschoolorgoesto78.workorgetsmarriedorstartafamily.thesocialclock79.thatkeptusontimeandtolduswhengotoschool,get80.ajob,orstopworkingisn'tasstrongasitwasusedtobe.81.itdoesn'tsurpriseustoheara28-year-olduniversity82.presidentora35-year-oldgrandmother,or70-year-old83.manwhohasbecomeafatherforthefirsttime.whatwe84.allknow,public'sideasarechangingnowadays.85. 来源网络整理，仅供供参考 10⑺itisdifficultforparentstoteachyourchildrentoberesponsible （有责任的）forhousework,butwithoneofthefollowedsuggestions,共16页，当前第5页12345678910111213141516youreallycangetyourchildrenhelpyouathome.ifyougiveyour childrentheimpressionwhichtheycanneverdoanythingquiteright, thentheywillregardthemselvesunfitorunablepersons.unlessthey believetheycansucceed,theywillneverbecometotallyindependence. don’talwaysscoldandgivelotsofpraiseinstead.talkabout whatthey’vedoneright,butaboutwhattheyhaven’tdone.ifyour childrencompleteadifficulttask,reward（酬劳）himwithasunday 来源网络整理，仅供供参考 triporaballgameofdad.85.⑻beforeiwenttoseniormiddleschool,somepeoplestold76. me.“alifeofseniormiddleschoolisunforgettable.”77.whileifirstenteredmyseniormiddleschool,everything78.seemedunpleasant.faceallthestrangethingsaroundme,79.ioftenmissmyoldfriendsandclassmates.ididn'twant80.totalkothersormakefriendswithothers.littlebylittle,my81.schoolrecordwentfrombadtoworse,especiallymy82.maths.icouldn'tevenpasstheexam.ilosttheheartand83.missedthehappytimesalldaylong.itoldme,“idon’t84.belongtoit.idon'tlikethelifehere.”85.⑼tomanddickarenextdoorneighbourwhowork76.共16页，当前第6页12345678910111213141516inthesameofficesotheywalkedtogethertoandfrom77. 来源网络整理，仅供供参考12office.somedayastheywerewalkinghometogetherit78.suddenstartedtorain.tomquicklyopenedhisumbrella79.andsaid,“mywifesurelyhasforesight（预见）.shesaid80.onthismorningitwouldrainandtoldmetocarrymy81.umbrellawithme."dicksmiledandwalkedtohim,said,82.“mywifehasevengreatforesight.shetoldmenotto83.carryanumbrellaandassheknewyouwouldcertainly84.havewithyou."85.⑽dearsirormadam,iseeyouradvertisementinastudentmagazineand76.i'minterestingtoknowmoreaboutyourdivingcourses.77.firstofall,ishouldexplainthatalthoughicanswimi'm78.notveryconfidentinthewater.butyoumentionedyour79.advertisementthatyourinstructorsarefullqualified称职）,80.soibelievethey'llabletoteachsomeonelikemetodive.81.ihaveoneweek'sholidayinthethreeweekofjune82.andwouldliketoknowthatifthere'sacourserunningat83.共13 来源网络整理，仅供供参考1316页，当前第7页12345678910111213141516thattime.howmuchdoesaweek'scourseworth?finally,84.ifidecidetogoahead,arethereanyspecialequipmenti85.needtobuyoriseverythingprovidedbyyourcompany?ilookforwardtohearingfromyou.sincerelyyours,tom(11)dearxiaohua,itisfourdayssincemotheracceptedtheoperation,76.sheisfeelingmuchmorebetter.thedoctorstoldme77.theoperationwassuccessful,butbecauseheroldage78.shehadtostayinhospitalforothertwoweeks.the79.doctorsalsosayitwasquitenecessaryforherto80.doso.weexpecttogetafullreportintwoandthree81.days.pleasetellthegoodnewstotherestoffamily82.assoonaspossible.youneedn'ttocomehere.i?m83.abletolookaftermotherbymyself.you'dbetter84. 来源网络整理，仅供供参考 14sendflowerstomother.shewillfeelhappily.85.yours,xiaohui共16页，当前第8页12345678910111213141516⑫footballismostpopulargameinengland:onehasonly76. togotooneoftheimportantmatchtoseethis.richand77.poor,youngandold,onecanseethemallthere,shoutand78.cheeringforonesideortheother.oneofthesurprised79.thingsaboutfootballinenglandtoastrangeristhegreat80.knowledgeofthegamewhichstillthesmallestboyseems81.tohaveit.hecantellyouthenamesoftheplayersinmost82.oftheimportantteam,hehasphotographsofthemand83.knowtheresultsoflargenumbersofmatches.hewilltell84.youhisopinionwhichisusualasvaluableasthatoftheadults. climbingismyfavouritesport.iamveryfoodit,76.especiallyinlaterautumn.onedayearlyinthemorning,77. 来源网络整理，仅供供参考myfriendsandiputonoursportsshoesandstartoff,78.afterclimbingforhalfanhour,wegotatthetopof79.themountain.therewehadagoodviewmilesaround.in80.thenorth,abigrivercrossedthecity.thereweremany81.shipssailbusily.alotofbeautifultreeswerethere,too.82.thesunstartedtogodown,foritwastimeforus83.togoback.ontheroadback,wewerelaughingand84.talkingallthetime.wehadagoodtimeonthatday.85.beforelunchallenhappenedtoseeamanfishedin76.aditchaboutfivemetreoutsideabar.allenstopped77.regardedhimlikeafoolishman.allen'sheartwentout79.共16页，当前第9页12345678910111213141516ofhim.hesaidkindlytofish-catcher,“hello,hebar?”themangladlyreceivedhisinvitation.82.afterbuyingthemanseveralcupssoft-drinks,83.allenasked,“youarefishingthere,right?mayi84. 来源网络整理，仅供供参考方knowhowmuchfishyouhavecaughtthismorning?”85.“youarethenumber8,”saidthemanhumorously.whatshouldyoudowhenyourparentsbecomeangry?if76. yourparentsgotmad,trytohaveaconversationwiththem77.aboutit.rememberingnottoshoutatthem.theyusually78.willtrytochange,buttheywilltakesometimebecause79.theygetangryalltheirlife,andthatisalltheyknow.you80.mighthavetochangeforyourmethodacoupleoftimes.81.doanynicethingsforyourparentsthattheydon'texpect82.一'likecooking,doingthedishes,washingclothes,orclean83. thefloors.ifthisdoesn'twork,bringinfriendthatyou84.feelcomfortable