高考英语阅读策略之猜测词义

高考英语阅读策之猜测词义猜测词义是英语阅读的一种重要技巧，也是高考中常考的题型，是考查学生对文章上下文语境理解及词汇量等多方面综合能力。词义猜测题常见的考查形式：1)Whatisofinthe/doesthe2)Thephrase“”inthesentencebereplaced_________.3)word“…”intheparagraphrefersto______.4)Whichofthefollowingistheclosestinmeaningtothephrase…”?5)Bysaying…”inthefirst(secondparagraph,theauthorthat______.6)Whatdoyouthinkexpression“…”standfor?考查方向：1.熟词新意，即熟悉词汇陌生含义；2.复合词的含义的理解，于衍生词汇的理解能力；3.根据上下文对代词的指含义的理解能力；4.根据上下文对不认识单的词义判断能力；5.对谚语、俗语、俚语含的理解能力；6.通过近义词、反义词和识理解词汇的能力。Example11.Anthropologyisthescientificstudyof词义：2.Thetermjamainaorherselfinadifficult词义：_________3.Itwillbehardbrittlethatis,itwillbreak词义_________4.Theaftersheep,abouta词义:_________1通过定义或解来猜测定义常由定语从句或be，bebedefinedasconstitutereferto词汇或破折号，冒号，括号来引导。解释常由or,thatisinotherwords，toputitanotherway引出一些具体的解释性的短语。“Gettingthecoldshoulder”meansisinthatmakesyouunwanted.Theverycreateapicture:canimaginefriendturningawaythat,insteadofagreeting,onlyshoulder–“cold”shoulder.expression“getting”meansA.beingtreatedrudelypayingattentionyouB.youfriendlyC.youbyrubbingshoulderswithD.feedingyoucoldmeatExample21.Youmayborrowthelibraryanyperiodicals:Theof,English词义：2.Collinsdecidedalthoughthehazardsoftripweremany,forexample,unbearableheat,thepossibilityofgettinglost…词义：________spendlotsofonappliances,formachines,refrigeratorsandcolortelevisions.词义：________2通过举例猜测常用as,like,forforinstance引出例子。IleftwithgooddegreeinLiterature,butnoofwhatIwantedOverthesixIwasjusttryingtoearn

income.triedjournalism,Ididn’tthinkwasanythenwhichIhated.Finally,IgotarightsatIlovedworkingwiththatIwasdull.doestheunderlinedpartin1＿A.Iwaswaitingforgoodfortune.B.IwastofindadmirableC.Ibeingajob.D.Idoingforpayattime.Example31.AndrewisofthesuperciliousIknow.Hisinquitemodest.词义：________2.Smithtotalk,wifesimilarly词义upwaterwaysantask.Thejoblarge,thatmaynotbeabletosavesomeofrivershavebeen词义：________３：通过同义反义关系行猜测表示对比或转折的常见信息词有：but，onotheronininof等，有时也破折号或冒号表示对比。表示同义的常见信息词有：or,like,similarly等….…indicatorswouldpopupyouthecoffeeshoporcouldbeoutcomeintoviewrightonsidewalkfrontofTheunderlinedphrase“pop”inthethirdparagraphmeans“____”.rapidlygetquicklyC.immediatelyD.goautomaticallyExample4isthatitwillseein词义：(2)He’ssuchashrewdthathelosesnomoneyintrade.词义：________3.Onedestitutehasagreatneedfoodand词义：________4通过因果关系行猜测表示因果关系的信息词有：for,consequently,therefore,in,thisso/suchthat等。somekindofkillerwasoutrecently,foundthattheturnedoffproductlookweakineffective.itoninapackage-blueweofitTheunderlinedpart“thecoloursturnedthecustomers”meansthatthecolours＿＿＿.thestronglyB.hadweakontheC.thecustomersintoD.tointerestExample51.Billsecondinthesemifinalof词义：2.Theytooknottoprejudgetheissue.词义：3shouldattachimportancetheproblemsofchildren’snon-attendanceschool.词义：________5构词法合成有两个或更多的词合成一个词riverside

派生在词根上加上前、后缀构成另一个单词extraordinaryfrustrationantiwar转化将一种词性转化成另一种词性place中学英语中常见的前缀和后缀有：(超)mini-(极小的,微小的)micro-（极微小的）（再，反复）mis-（误，恶）im-（不）un-（不非）in-（不，非）（不，非）（能…的）-less不，无）-wards(向youtherightmicrowave________nonnatural________mispronouce________________Wehavebeentoldthatencouragingchild’sself-respectimportanttohissuccessinlife.nowtoomuchcanleadtoitmaysufferfromfacedwithtroublesomesituationTheunderlinedwords“Praiseholickidsreferstokidswhoare______.tiredofbeingB.worthypraisedC.veryproudofbeingpraisedD.ofExample6ISScrewmembersliveinspaceforleastquarterofyear.workfiveonandtwooffmimicthenormalwaydothingsasmuchpossible.thecrewvaluabletimetorestdoahoursofhousework.Theycommunicatefamilyfriendsbyemail,internetprivatevideodoesthe"mimic"inParagraph1mean?______findB.copyD.lose★Skill：生活常识：利用文化背景、生活常识猜测词义。读者可以运用逻辑推理能力，结合社会文化背景和自身的生活经验及生活常识，再根据上下文推测生词的含义。aanonagivesanaesthetictomakehimunconscious,henotwanthispatienttoortoknowwhatistohim.Whatdoesword“anaesthetic"in1probablymean?______AofbooksB.AofadviceC.AkindofmedicineD.AkindofExercise:1.TheresomeAglacierisariverof雪山B.树枝C.冰河D.冰2.Heisaman.Oncehemadeupmindtodosomething,won’tgivitupB.firmC.kindD.clever3.isnowworkingatPrincetonfarfromForhehastoatheofficeworks.租用B.借出C.购买D.参观4.Thethehisoccupationwas.ThemantoldthatheasanworkB.C.D.interest

5.TheoldwomanhasastrangehabittoovercatsinHerneighboraneccentriclady.爱猫的B.古怪的C.闲不住D.动物保护主义者6.Incountriestheretwofrompenurytogreatwealth.便士B.温饱C.非常贫困D.虚弱7.comerswerenotusedtolifeinthesuburbswhichfromthatcity.townB.capitalD.8.Thisboyisnotstupid,contrary,noonebeintelligent.勤奋的B.愚蠢的C.聪明的D.情报9.arealwaysTheysaythingslike“MyDad’scaribiggerthanyourDad’s,”“MyMomissmarterthanyours.”and“Myfamilyhasmoremoneythanyours.”The“boastingmeans_____.骄傲B.吹牛C.顽皮D.幼稚Passagecannotfeelspeed.Butourletthatpastthatweshaken.canfeelacceleration,anincreaseinnoticeitforonlyashortexamplewefeelitduringrunofAccelerationthefor_______.anykindofmovementtheofC.aspeedD.increaseinPassagerulerhadthattherevolutionAfewmembersofSenate(议院)butmajorityvotedthatshouldleavetheforTheunderlinedword“banished”mean_______.killedbystoningB.awayC.imprisonedD.punishedbyPassageMyjobtotheoxenthefields.Iwouldwalkanox,guidingwithstick.For1