2022-2023学年陕西省西安市高一（下）段考英语试卷（3月份）及参考答案

第=page11页，共=sectionpages11页2022-2023学年陕西省西安市高一（下）段考英语试卷（3月份）一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共37.5分）ACheckoutthe4must-seedestinationsforanybook-lovingtraveler.

ErnestHemingwayHouse

Florida，US，isfamousforitssunandsand，whichisactuallywhatattractsclassicartistslikeErnestHemingway.Hemingwayspentpartofhislifehere.Hisformerhomenowactsasamuseuminhishonor.YoucanlearnallaboutHemingway'swritingprocessandhistimehere.Thehomeholds40to50catsinmemoryofHemingway'spolydactyl（多趾的）cats.

JaneAustenCentre

ThecentreisdesignedtoshowthefamousEnglishwriterJaneAusten'sexperiencesinBath，England.YouwilllearnallaboutAusten'slifeinthecentreandhowitaffectedherwriting.VisitorscanenjoyanafternoonteaintheRegencyTeaRoom，explorethegiftshop，orevenstopbyfortheiryearlyfestival.

BookandBed

Bookloverswillbeexcitedatthisfascinatingchance.Thishostel（招待所）inTokyo，Japan，encouragesitsgueststoliedownonbedandreadduringtheirstay.Theirroomshavewallsofbookssothatanyonecanfindsomethingthattheymightenjoy.Whatmakesthehostelunusualisitsbedswhichareinsideanactualbookshelf—aplaceforyoutobreatheinthatfamousbooksmell.Youcanalsoenjoyacoffeeinthecafe.

Hay-on-Wye

ThislittletowninWalesdoublesasabookshop.Atjustabouteverycorner，peoplewillfindoneofthetown'sbookshops.PeopleintheU.K.oftenvisitthistinytowntogettheirhandsonsecond-handbooks.ThereareovertwentybookshopsinHay-on-Wye，whichiswhylocalsrefertoitasthe"townofbooks".1.WhatcanyouseeatErnestHemingwayHouse？______A.Classicpaintings. B.Manycats.

C.Alocalyearlyfestival. D.Famouswriters'works.2.WhatisspecialaboutthehostelinTokyo，Japan？______A.Itsbeddesign. B.Itsbookcollections.

C.Thelocation. D.Thecoffee.3.Whichplaceattractsthosewhowanttocollectrecycledbooks？______A.ErnestHemingwayHouse. B.JaneAustenCentre.

C.BookandBed. D.Hay-on-Wye.BAmotheranddaughterinEnglandhavebeenputtingsmilesonstrangers'faceswithrandom（随机的）actsofkindness.Everyweek，Sophie-LouiseCorriganallowsher5-year-olddaughterAminatochooserandomstrangerstoputasmileontheirfaces.

WhenCorriganiswithherdaughterAmina，Corriganwillletthelittlegirlgotowhoeversheisdrawn.Later，CorriganwillaskwhyAminaoptsforthem.Heranswerisalwaysbecauseshelikessomethingaboutthem，eithertheirtopsortheirhair.Aminaalwaystakesherpick.

It'satraditionthatstartedwithCorrigan'sownmother."MumandIusedtodoit.Wheneverwehadsomemoneyleftfromtheweeklyshoporifwereallywantedtodoitthatweek，wetookoutsomethingfromtheshoptomakesurewehadthemoney.Wewouldalwaysdoit，"saidCorrigan.

"Now，wedoiteverywhere，evenwhenwewentonholidaytoanothercity，wedidarandomactofkindnessthere.WefindflowersandchocolateswhetheritbeinOrmskirk，Liver-poolorWirral.Whereverwego，wedoit，"saidCorrigan.

"Thereactionisamazingandisoneofthereasonswhywecarryon.Anumberofpeoplewhospoketousdidn'tevenknowwhattosay.Theywerespeechless.TherewerealotofpeoplewhogaveAminaahugafterit.Shelovessuchahug.Therewereotherswhohadtearswellingup.Theysaidthattheyhadsuchaterribleweekeitherwithbillsorafamilydeath.Aminawillalwayssaytomethatalthoughthepersonwascrying，itwashappytears.Sheisintheprocessofunderstandinghowactsofkindnessworkandhowfeelingswork."4.WhatdoesCorriganaskAminatodoeveryweek？______A.Staywithhermother. B.Bekindtostrangers.

C.Makefriendswithothers. D.Buysomethingfromshops.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"optsfor"inparagraph2mean？______A.Respects. B.Enables. C.Chooses. D.Avoids.6.WhatdoesCorriganmeaninthelastparagraph？______A.Peopleneedhappiness.

B.Fewpeopleliveahardlife.

C.Somepeoplelikebeingsilent.

D.Mostpeoplearefriendlytoothers.7.Whatcanweconcludefromthetext？______A.Onlygoodpeoplehavefriends.

B.Wherethereislife，thereishope.

C.Kindnessislikearayofsunshine.

D.Akindmancangainmorefromothers.CInthepast30years，thenon-profitorganizationFriendsofTreesplantedtreesalongthestreetsofPortland，Oregon.Now，anewstudyshowsthateachtreeplantedwasconnectedwithsignificantreductionsinnon-accidentalandcardiovascular（心血管的）mortality（死亡率）.

Evidencepointingtoaconnectionbetweenexposuretonatureandlowermortalityisobvious.Between1990and2019，FriendsofTreesplanted49，246streettrees.Theresearchteamlookedatthenumberoftreesplantedinagivenareainthepast5，10or15years.Theyconnectedthisinformationwithmortalityduetocardiovascular，respiratory（呼吸的）ornon-accidentalcausesinthatsamearea，usingdatafromtheOregonHealthAuthority.Theresultsshowedthatinneighborhoodsinwhichmoretreeshadbeenplanted，mortalityrateswerelower.Thisconnectionwassignificantforcardiovascularandnon-accidentalmortality，particularlyformalesandpeopleovertheageof65.

Furthermore，theconnectiongotstrongerastreesagedandgrew：Thereductioninmortalityrateconnectedwithtreesplanted11to15yearsbeforewasdoublethatobservedwithtreesplantedinthepast1to5years.Thismeansthatoldertreesareconnectedwithlargerdecreasesinmortality，andthatprotectingexistinggrowntreesmaybeparticularlyimportantforpublichealth.Thisstudydoesn'tprovideadirectopinionintohowtreesimprovehealth.However，theresultthatlargertreeshaveagreaterhealtheffectthansmalleronesistelling，becauselargertreesarebetteratabsorbingairpollution，moderatingtemperatures，andreducingnoise.

"Weobservedtheeffectbothingreenandlessgreenneighborhoods，whichsuggeststhatstreettreeplantingbenefitsboth，"saidGeoffreyH.Donovan，firstauthorofthestudy."Be-sides，thebenefitsoftreeplantinggreatlyoutweigh（大于）thecost.Ourresultsprovideanimportantevidence-baseforclearmeasures（e.g.plantingtrees）toincreasethelifetimeofurbanpeople."8.HowlongdidittakeFriendsofTreestoplant49，246streettrees？______A.5years. B.10years. C.15years. D.30years.9.Whatdoweknowaboutthestudyfromparagraph3？______A.Womengainnobenefitfromtrees.

B.Treeplantingcancurerespiratorydiseases.

C.Oldertreescontributemoretopublichealth.

D.Newlyplantedtreescanbetterimprovepublichealth.10.WhatdoesDonovansuggestdoing？______A.Protectingtreesinforests.

B.Plantingmorestreettrees.

C.JoiningFriendsofTrees.

D.Gettingmorebenefitsfromnature.11.Howdoestheauthormainlydevelopthetopicofthetext？______A.Bylistingnumbers. B.Bystatingresults.

C.Bydescribingprocesses. D.Byraisingquestions.DTheaveragepersonmustthinkthefieldofartificialintelligenceorAIismakinggreatprogress.ThebossofatoptechcompanythinksthatinsearchofcreatingAIthathastheflexibilityofthehumanbrain，"thegameisover".Don'tbefooled.Weshouldseeitinareasonableway.Machinesmaysomedaybeassmartaspeopleandperhapsevensmarter，butthegameisfarfromover.ThereisstillalargeamountofworktobedoneinmakingAImachinesthatcantrulyunderstandandreasonabouttheworldaroundthem.Whatweneedrightnowismorebasicresearchtospeeditup.

AIismakingprogress.Artificialimageslookmoreandmorerealistic，andspeechrecognitioncanoftenworkinnoisyenvironments.Butwearestilllikelydecadesawayfromhuman-levelAIthatcanunderstandthetruemeaningsofarticlesandvideosordealwithunexpecteddifficulties.Thefieldisstuckonthesamechallengesthatscientistshavebeenpointingoutforyears：gettingAItobereliableandgettingittoflexiblydealwithunusualsituations.Unluckily，thefactisthatthesesystemsstillfailtoworkreliablyandstrugglewithnewsituations.

AlthoughdeeplearninghasadvancedtheabilityofAImachinestorecognizepatternsindata，ithasthreemaindisadvantages.Thepatternsthatitlearnsaresuperficial.Theresultsitcreatesarehardtoexplain.Andtheresultsaredifficulttouseintheotherprocesses，suchasmemoryandreasoning.AsHarvardUniversitycomputerscientistLeslieValiantnoted，"Thecentralchallengeinthefutureistounifytheformulations（统一公式）oflearningandreasoning."Youcan'tdealwithapersoncarryingastopsignifyoudon'treallyunderstandwhatastopsignevenis.

It'stimeforAIresearcherstogetoutofturningtothemediastraightlyforhelp，andaskimportantquestionsabouthowtobuildsystemsthatcanlearnandreasonatthesametime.12.WhatdoestheauthorexpectofAI？______A.It'llmakelessprogress.

B.It'llgetlessbasicresearch.

C.It'llreplacehumanworkforceinallfields.

D.It'llhavetherealabilitytounderstandandreason.13.Whatdoestheauthorstressabouthuman-levelAIinparagraph2？______A.Itscostandquality. B.Itsspeechandsound.

C.Itsreliabilityandflexibility. D.Itsappearanceandoperation.14.Whatisparagraphs3mainlyabout？______A.TheweaknessesofAImachines.

B.TheadvancesbroughtoutbyAI.

C.TheprocessesofmakingAImachines.

D.ThescientistsworkingonAIresearch.15.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext？______A.KeepAwayfromAI.

B.TreatAIReasonably.

C.TheUseofAIShouldBeReported.

D.AIIsTurningtotheMediaforHelp.二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共12.5分）Thoughitmayseemsimplerforyoutodealwiththingsastheycome，youmayfindyourselfalwaysdisorganizedandforgettingtasks.（1）______Thefollowingtipsmayhelpyoumakeit.

Obtainacalendarornotebook.Makesurethecalendarhasenoughspaceforyoutolistyourtasks.Somecalendarsofferweekly，daily，orhourlyforms.（2）______Choosewhateverbestsuitsyourwantsandneeds.Whateveryouchoose，sticktoyourchoice.Donottrytohaveoneplannerforwork，oneforschool，etc.Everythingshouldbeinoneplace.

（3）______Makeitahabittocheckyourcalendareverymorningandnighttoprepareforthedayahead.Eachdayyoushouldalsoscheduleafewminutes，maybeafteryougetyourmorningmilk，orduringyourclassbreaks，toreviewwhatneedstobedoneforthedayandtoaddnewthingsorcheckoldthingsoff.

Rewardyourself.（4）______Afteryou'vecompletedyourdutiesfortheday，treatyourselftoyourfavoriteTVshow，asweetsnackorarelaxingtravel.You'llfeelaccomplishedandde-servingofthoserewardswhenyou'veearnedthem.

Adjustyourscheduleasneeded.It'simportanttocheckineveryonceinawhileandfigureoutwhetheryourscheduleissuitableforyou.Onewaytodothisistolookatthetasklistforthedaywhilealsoevaluating（评估）yourownmoodandfeelings.Areyouseeingmanythingscheckedoffonthetasklistandgenerallyfeelingpositiveandproductive？（5）______

A.Anotebookcanalsobeused.

B.Checkyourcalendarornotebook.

C.Trytoleavesomespaceinyourschedule.

D.Ifyoufindthishappeningalot，giveyourselfmoretime.

E.Ifthatistrue，thenyourscheduleislikelyworkingwellforyou.

F.Keepingascheduleforyourdaygetsyoumoreincontrolofyourlife.

G.Itisimportanttorecognizeyourselfafteryou'vekepttoyourschedule.16.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G17.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G18.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G19.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G20.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G三、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）Doyouplayaninstrument？Haveyouevermadeone？TerjeIsungsetcanansweryestobothquestions.Asamusician，healsomakesinstruments（1）______somethingprettyspecial：（2）______!Hegetshismaterialfromthewild."It'snaturethatproducesthesoundoftheinstrument，"hesays.Isungsetgotthe（3）______foricemusicmorethan20yearsago.Here-calls，"WhenIwasinvitedtogiveaconcertinafrozenwaterfall，it（4）______methatmaybetheinstrumentscouldbemadeofice.

Asfarashecouldtell，therewasnosuchthingbefore，whichmadeita（5）______jobforhim."Therewerenopeopletoturnto，nobooksto（6）______andnothingrelatedfoundon-line，"hesays."Ihadto（7）______everythingbymyself.Itwasa（8）______fulloftrialanderror."

（9）______，in2006，IsungsetsucceededinstartingthefirstIceMusicFestivalinNorway.Eighteenicemusicfestivalsintotalhavebeenhostedsincethen.AlmosteverythingattheIceMusicFestivalis（10）______.Instrumentsincludedicebells，drumsandhorns（号）.Whatifourlipswerefrostbitten（冻伤的）fromanicehorn？His（11）______istoplaceasmallpieceofleatheronthehorn'smouthpiece."It'sthe（12）______partoftheinstrumentthatisnotmadeofice，"hesays.

Isungset'sinstrumentschangefromyeartoyear，withsomebasedon（13）______onesandothersfromhisimagination.Isungsetsays，"Ilike（14）______instruments，onesthatdon'texistbutarebasedonthe（15）______ofrealinstruments."21.

A.outof B.aheadof C.insteadof D.becauseof22.

A.metal B.stone C.wood D.ice23.

A.discovery B.inspiration C.explanation D.evidence24.

A.hit B.upset C.warned D.impressed25.

A.dangerous B.safe C.difficult D.voluntary26.

A.referto B.applyfor C.thinkabout D.takein27.

A.recognize B.choose C.describe D.explore28.

A.chance B.sign C.journey D.reward29.

A.Actually B.Finally C.Occasionally D.Obviously30.

A.frozen B.broken C.closed D.settled31.

A.activity B.excuse C.solution D.purpose32.

A.useful B.correct C.precious D.unique33.

A.specific B.natural C.random D.familiar34.

A.common B.fantastic C.realistic D.expensive35.

A.suggestions B.facts C.rules D.stories

答案和解析1~3.【答案】B、A、D【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据Ernest

Hemingway

House部分The

home

holds

40

to

50

cats

in

memory

of

Hemingway's

polydactyl（多趾的）cats.（家里养着40到50只猫，以纪念海明威的多趾猫。）可知你在欧内斯特•海明威故居能看到很多猫。故选B。

（2）细节理解题。根据Book

and

Bed部分What

makes

the

hostel

unusual

is

its

beds

which

are

inside

an

actual

bookshelf—a

place

for

you

to

breathe

in

that

famous

book

smell.（这家旅舍与众不同的是，它的床放在一个真正的书架里，是你呼吸著名书籍气味的地方。）可知日本东京的旅馆的特别之处它的床设计。故选A。

（3）推理判断题。根据Hay-on-Wye部分This

little

town

in

Wales

doubles

as

a

bookshop.At

just

about

every

corner，people

will

find

one

of

the

town's

bookshops.People

in

the

U.K.often

visit

this

tiny

town

to

get

their

hands

on

second-hand

books.There

are

over

twenty

bookshops

in

Hay-on-Wye，which

is

why

locals

refer

to

it

as

the"town

of

books".（威尔士的这个小镇兼作书店。在几乎每个角落，人们都会找到镇上的一家书店。英国人经常光顾这个小镇，购买二手书。Hayon-Wye有20多家书店，这就是当地人称之为"图书之乡"的原因。）可知Hay-on-Wye吸引了那些想收集回收书籍的人。故选D。

本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了对于任何爱书的旅行者来说四个必看的目的地。

阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。

4~7.【答案】B、C、A、C【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段AmotheranddaughterinEnglandhavebeenputtingsmilesonstrangers'faceswithrandom（随机的）actsofkindness.Everyweek，Sophie-LouiseCorriganallowsher5-year-olddaughterAminatochooserandomstrangerstoputasmileontheirfaces.（英国的一对母女用随意的善意举动让陌生人脸上露出笑容。每周，Sophie-LouiseCorrigan都会让她5岁的女儿Amina随机选择陌生人，让他们脸上挂着微笑）可知，Corrigan让Amina每周随机选择陌生人，并用善举让他们的脸上绽放笑容，即要善待陌生人。故选B。

（2）词句猜测题。根据第二段第一句When

Corrigan

is

with

her

daughter

Amina，Corrigan

will

let

the

little

girl

go

to

whoever

she

is

drawn.

（当Corrigan和她的女儿Amina在一起时，Corrigan会让小女孩去任何她被吸引的地方）以及划线单词下一句Her

answer

is

always

because

she

likes

something

about

them，either

their

tops

or

their

hair.Amina

always

takes

her

pick.

（她的回答总是因为她喜欢他们的一些东西，无论是上衣还是头发。Amina总是选她挑的）可知，Amina总是自己选择。由此可以推出划线部分意为"选择"。A．Respects.尊敬；B．Enables.使能够；C．Chooses.选择；D．Avoids.避免。故选C。

（3）推理判断题。根据最后一段的Amina

will

always

say

to

me

that

although

the

person

was

crying，it

was

happy

tears.She

is

in

the

process

of

understanding

how

acts

of

kindness

work

and

how

feelings

work.

（Amina会一直对我说，虽然那个人在哭，但那是幸福的眼泪。她正在了解善举的作用和情感的作用）可知，Corrigan让Amina做善事来帮助人们感到快乐，Corrigan让Amina懂得人们需要快乐。因此Corrigan在最后一段中的意思是人们需要幸福。故选A。

（4）主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述英国的一对母女一直在用她们的善举让陌生人的脸上绽放笑容。尤其文章最后一段讲到Amina

will

always

say

to

me

that

although

the

person

was

crying，it

was

happy

tears.She

is

in

the

process

of

understanding

how

acts

of

kindness

work

and

how

feelings

work.

（Amina会一直对我说，虽然那个人在哭，但那是幸福的眼泪。她正在了解善举的作用和情感的作用）推知，从本文我们可以得出的结论是：善良就如一缕阳光，温暖着别人。A．Only

good

people

have

friends.只有好人才有朋友；B．Where

there

is

life，there

is

hope.哪里有生命，哪里就有希望；C．Kindness

is

like

a

ray

of

sunshine.善良就像一缕阳光；D．A

kind

man

can

gain

more

from

others.一个善良的人可以从别人那里获得更多。故选C。

本文是记叙文。英国的一对母女一直在用她们的善举让陌生人的脸上绽放笑容。

一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。

阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。

二、看题干，带着问题读文章。

首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。

三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。

在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。

四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。

猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。

8~11.【答案】D、C、B、B【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第二段Between

1990

and

2019，Friends

of

Trees

planted

49，246

street

trees.（1990年至2019年期间，树之友种植了49246棵行道树。）可知1990至2019年，共三十年。故选D。

（2）推理判断题。根据第三段中的This

means

that

older

trees

are

connected

with

larger

decreases

in

mortality，and

that

protecting

existing

grown

trees

may

be

particularly

important

for

public

health.（这意味着，较老的树木与死亡率的大幅下降有关，而且保护现有的树木可能对公共健康特别重要）和However，the

result

that

larger

trees

have

a

greater

health

effect

than

smaller

ones

is

telling，because

larger

trees

are

better

at

absorbing

air

pollution，moderating

temperatures，and

reducing

noise.（然而，较大的树木比较小的树木对健康的影响更大的结果是很有说服力的，因为较大的树木在吸收空气污染、调节温度和降低噪音方面更好）可知，树龄较大的树木更有益于大众的健康。故选C。

（3）推理判断题。根据最后一段中的Our

results

provide

an

important

evidence-base

for

clear

measures

（e.g.planting

trees）

to

increase

the

lifetime

of

urban

people.（我们的研究结果为增加城市人口寿命的明确措施（如植树等）提供了重要的证据基础）可推知，Donovan会建议多种行道树。故选B。

（4）推理判断题。根据第一段中的Now，a

new

study

shows

that

each

tree

planted

was

connected

with

significant

reductions

in

non-accidental

and

cardiovascular

（心血管的）

mortality

（死亡率）.（现在，一项新的研究表明，每棵树的种植都与非意外和心血管疾病死亡率的显著降低有关）及第二段中的Evidence

pointing

to

a

connection

between

exposure

to

nature

and

lower

mortality

is

obvious.（有明显的证据表明，接触自然与较低的死亡率之间存在联系）和第三段中的Furthermore，the

connection

got

stronger

as

trees

aged

and

grew（此外，随着树木的老化和生长，这种联系变得更强）可推知，作者主要通过陈述结果来展开文本的主题的。A．By

listing

numbers.通过列举数字；B．By

stating

results.通过陈述结果；C．By

describing

processes.通过描述过程；D．By

raising

questions.通过提出问题。故选B。

本文是一篇说明文。一项新的研究表明，每种一棵树都有助于降低非意外死亡率和心血管病的死亡率。

一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。

阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。

二、看题干，带着问题读文章。

首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。

三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。

在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。

四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。

猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。

12~15.【答案】D、C、A、B【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段最后第二句There

is

still

a

large

amount

of

work

to

be

done

in

making

AI

machines

that

can

truly

understand

and

reason

about

the

world

around

them.

（要使人工智能机器能够真正理解周围的世界并进行推理，还有大量工作要做。）可知，作者期待人工智能能真正理解世界、进行推理。故选D项。

（2）推理判断题。根据第二段But

we

are

still

likely

decades

away

from

human-level

AI

that

can

understand

the

true

meanings

of

articles

and

videos

or

deal

with

unexpected

difficulties.The

field

is

stuck

on

the

same

challenges

that

scientists

have

been

pointing

out

for

years：getting

AI

to

be

reliable

and

getting

it

to

flexibly

deal

with

unusual

situations.Unluckily，the

fact

is

that

these

systems

still

fail

to

work

reliably

and

struggle

with

new

situations.

（但我们距离能够理解文章和视频的真正含义或处理意外困难的人类级别的人工智能可能还有几十年的时间。该领域陷入了科学家们多年来一直指出的挑战：让人工智能变得可靠，并让它灵活地应对异常情况。不幸的是，事实是这些系统仍然不能可靠地工作，并在新的情况下挣扎。）可知，作者强调了人类水平的AI的可靠性和灵活性。A．Its

cost

and

quality.它的成本和质量；B．Its

speech

and

sound.它的语音和声音；C．Its

reliability

and

flexibility.它的可靠性和灵活性；D．Its

appearance

and

operation.它的外观和操作。故选C项。

（3）段落大意题。根据第三段Although

deep

learning

has

advanced

the

ability

of

AI

machines

to

recognize

patterns

in

data，it

has

three

main

disadvantages.The

patterns

that

it

learns

are

superficial.The

results

it

creates

are

hard

to

explain.And

the

results

are

difficult

to

use

in

the

other

processes，such

as

memory

and

reasoning.

（尽管深度学习提高了人工智能机器识别数据模式的能力，但它有三个主要缺点。它学到的模式是肤浅的。它产生的结果很难解释。而且这些结果很难用于记忆和推理等其他过程。）可知，第三段阐述了人工智能的三个缺点，故选A项。

（4）标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是第一段The

average

person

must

think

the

field

of

artificial

intelligence

or

AI

is

making

great

progress.The

boss

of

a

top

tech

company

thinks

that

in

search

of

creating

AI

that

has

the

flexibility

of

the

human

brain，

'the

game

is

over'.Don't

be

fooled.We

should

see

it

in

a

reasonable

way.Machines

may

someday

be

as

smart

as

people

and

perhaps

even

smarter，but

the

game

is

far

from

over.There

is

still

a

large

amount

of

work

to

be

done

in

making

AI

machines

that

can

truly

understand

and

reason

about

the

world

around

them.What

we

need

right

now

is

more

basic

research

to

speed

it

up.

（一般人肯定认为人工智能领域正在取得巨大进步。一家顶级科技公司的老板认为，为了创造出具有人脑灵活性的人工智能，'游戏已经结束了'。别被骗了。我们应该以理性的方式看待它。机器有一天可能会和人一样聪明，甚至更聪明，但这场游戏还远没有结束。要使人工智能机器能够真正理解周围的世界并进行推理，还有大量工作要做。我们现在需要的是更多的基础研究来加速它）可知，文章认为对于人工智能，我们应该理性对待，下文对此进行了阐述。B项Treat

AI

Reasonably适合作文章标题。A．Keep

Away

from

AI.远离人工智能；B．Treat

AI

Reasonably.合理对待人工智能；C．The

Use

of

AI

Should

Be

Reported.应该报告人工智能的使用情况；D．AI

Is

Turning

to

the

Media

for

Help.人工智能在向媒体寻求帮助。故选B项。

本文为一篇说明文。人工智能领域正在取得巨大进步，但是人工智能机器能够真正理解周围的世界并进行推理，还有大量工作要做，所以作者认为应该理性对待人工智能。

一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。

阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。

二、看题干，带着问题读文章。

首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。

三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。

在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。

四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。

猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。

16~20.【答案】F、A、B、G、E【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据前文Though

it

may

seem

simpler

for

you

to

deal

with

things

as

they

come，you

may

find

yourself

always

disorganized

and

forgetting

tasks（尽管对你来说，处理事情可能看起来更简单，但你可能会发现自己总是杂乱无章，忘记了要做的事）；以及后文The

following

tips

may

help

you

make

it（以下技巧可能会帮助你成功），可知表示"为你的一天制定一个时间表可以让你更好地控制自己的生活"的选项F可以起到承上启下的作用，find

yourself

always

disorganized

and

forgetting

tasks和gets

you

more

in

control

of

your

life是关联词，故选F。

（2）推理判断题。根据主题句Obtain

a

calendar

or

notebook（获取日历或笔记本）；以及前文Make

sure

the

calendar

has

enough

space

for

you

to

list

your

tasks.Some

calendars

offer

weekly，daily，or

hourly

forms（确保日历有足够的空间供您列出任务。有些日历提供每周、每天或每小时的表格），可知表示"也可以使用笔记本"的选项A符合前后介绍选择合适的日历或笔记本的语境，a

calendar

or

notebook是关键词，故选A。

（3）主题判断题。根据后文Make

it

a

habit

to

check

your

calendar

every

morning

and

night

to

prepare

for

the

day

ahead.Each

day

you

should

also

schedule

a

few

minutes，maybe

after

you

get

your

morning

milk，or

during

your

classbreaks，to

review

what

needs

to

be

done

for

the

day

and

to

add

new

things

or

check

old

things

off（养成每天早上和晚上检查日历的习惯，为下一天做准备。每天你还应该安排几分钟的时间，也许是在你喝了早餐牛奶之后，或者是在课间休息期间，回顾一天需要做什么，添加新的东西或是剔除旧的东西），可知表示"检查你的日历或笔记本"的选项B可以作为本段的主题，check

your

calendar

every

morning

and

night关键词，故选B。

（4）推理判断题。根据主题句Reward

yourself（奖励自己），可知表示"在你遵守了自己的时间表之后，认可自己是很重要的"的选项G可以承接主题，Reward

yourself和recognize

yourself是关联词，故选G。

（5）推理判断题。根据前文Are

you

seeing

many

things

checked

off

on

the

task

list

and

generally

feeling

positive

and

productive（你是否看到任务清单上的很多事情都被勾选了，并且总体上感觉积极和