2023届四川省棠湖中学高考适应性模拟检测英语试题（一）

成都棠湖中学高2023届高考适应性模拟检测英语试题(一)英语注意事项：1.答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2.回答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时,将答案写在答题卡上,写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)做题时,先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?A.Havebreakfast.B.Takeawalk.C.Callhisoffice.2.WhatwasGeorgedoinglastnight?A.Havingameeting.B.Flyinghome.C.Workingonaproject.3.Whydoesthemansuggestgoingtothepark?A.It’sbig.B.It’squiet.C.It’snew.4.Howdoesthewomansound?A.Annoyed.B.Pleased.C.Puzzled.5.Whereistheman’stable?A.Nearthedoor.B.Bythewindow.C.Inthecorner.第二节(共15小题;每小题分,满分分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。6.Whyisthewomanaskingforleave?ATogototheUKwithherparents.B.Totakecareofherparentsathome.C.Tospendsometimewithherparents.7.Whatisthewomanprobably?A.Astudent.B.Ateacher.C.Atourist.听第7段材料,回答第8、9题。8.Whatisthewoman?A.Adiver.B.Alifeguard.C.Adoctor.9.Whendidtheambulancearrive?A.Fiveminuteslater.B.Tenminuteslater.C.Twentyminuteslater.听第8段材料,回答第10至12题。10.Whatistheman?AArunner.B.Aswimmer.C.Acyclist.11.Howdoesthemantrainhimself?A.Tryinglongerdistances.B.Combiningdifferentsports.C.Trainingforonehourperday.12.Whatkeepsthemangoing?A.Hisloveforthesport.B.Hisambitiontowin.C.Hisdesiretogetfitter.听第9段材料,回答第13至16题。13.Whatdidthewomandotowhatthemansaid?A.Shewroteitdown.B.Sherepeatedit.C.Shetypeditout.14.Whatwasthegirlprobablydoingwhentheaccidenthappened?A.Ridingabike.B.Listeningtomusic.C.Gettingonacar.15.Whendidtheaccidenthappenaccordingtotheman?A.At7:20a.m.yesterday.B.At7:20a.m.today.C.At7:20p.m.today.16.Whatdoesthemanhavetodointheend?A.Signhisname.B.CopyhisIDcard.C.Recordtheirconversation.听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。17.Whatdidthespeakerdobeforetheyear2012?A.Afitnesscoach.B.Achessplayer.C.Amarathonrunner.18.Whywasthe2016Olympicsimportantforthespeaker?A.Hewonfifthplace.B.Hebrokeaworldrecord.C.HewasmotivatedbyBolt.19.Whichisthehardestforthespeaker?A.Gettingoveraninjury.B.Doingstrengthtraining.C.RepresentingBotswana.20.Whatisthespeakermainlytalkingabout?A.Hisplantogoforthegold.B.Hisexperienceonthetrack.C.Hisloveforhishomecountry.第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。AFourPre-CollegeSummerScienceProgramsSustainableAnimalHusbandry(畜牧业)This3-weekprogramisworthattending!Inadditiontosomelecturesandclassdiscussions,studentswillalsotouravarietyofanimalfarms,practiceanimalhandlingtechniques,andlearnabouttherelationshipsbetweendomesticanimalsandhumans.Where:CornellUniversity,Ithaca,NewYorkHowMuch:$6,310includingtuitionandroom&.boardBiologicalResearchandtheHealthProfessionsYouwillspendsixweeksexploringdifferentaspectsoflifeasaresearcherordoctorinthisprogram.Activitiesincludedissecting(解剖)achickenwithaworld-famouszoologist,learningaboutnon-traditionalmedicaltherapies,measuringelectricalcommunicationsignalsinlivingfish,talkingwithatopcancerresearcher,andmuch,muchmore.Where:CornellUniversity,Ithaca,NewYorkHowMuch:$12,825includingtuitionandroom&boardClarkScholarsProgramTheseven-weeksummerresearchprogramoffersstudentsanopportunityforhands-onpracticalresearchwithleadingresearchersandmembersofTexasTechUniversity.Thisuniqueopportunity,whichincludesweeklydiscussionsandfieldtrips,alsopaysstudentsa$750tax-freestipend(津贴)andprovidesroomandboard．Where:TexasTechUniversity,Lubbock,TexasHowMuch:Studentsreceivea$750tax-freestipendPrograminMathematicsforYoungScientistsMathematicsisanimportantpartofscience,andthis6-week‘programistheperfectsummerprogramforambitiousandmotivatedstudentstoimprovetheirmathskills.They’llteamupwithotherstudents,researchmathematicians,andprofessors,andvisitscientistsforatypicaldayofnumbertheory(数论)lectures,seminars,independentandgroupworkandresearch,hands-onexperiments,andplentyoffunactivities.Where:BostonUniversity,Boston,MassachusettsHowMuch:$6,600includingtuitionandroom&.board1.Whatcanwelearnabouttheprogram—SustainableAnimalHusbandry?A.Youcanlearnaboutnon-traditionalmedicaltherapies.B.Youcanhaveabetterunderstandingofdomesticanimals.C.IttakesplaceinBostonUniversity,Boston,Massachusetts.D.Youcanvisitscientistsforatypicaldayofnumbertheorylectures.2.Whichprogrambestsuitsastudentwhoshowsinterestinmedicine?A.ClarkScholarsProgram.B.SustainableAnimalHusbandry.C.PrograminMathematicsforYoungScientists.D.BiologicalResearchandtheHealthProfessions.3.Howmuchshouldyoupayifyouintendtojoinintheprograminmathematics?A.$750. B.$6,310. C.$6,600. D.$12,825.【答案】1.B2.D3.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了四个大学预科暑期科学项目。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据SustainableAnimalHusbandry(畜牧业)中“This3-weekprogramisworthattending!Inadditiontosomelecturesandclassdiscussions,studentswillalsotouravarietyofanimalfarms,practiceanimalhandlingtechniques,andlearnabouttherelationshipsbetweendomesticanimalsandhumans.”（这个为期三周的课程值得参加!除了一些讲座和课堂讨论，学生还将参观各种动物农场，练习动物处理技巧，并了解家畜和人类之间的关系。）可知，我们能从可持续畜牧业项目中了解到你可以更好地了解家畜。故选B项。【2题详解】推理判断题。根据BiologicalResearchandtheHealthProfessions中“Youwillspendsixweeksexploringdifferentaspectsoflifeasaresearcherordoctorinthisprogram.Activitiesincludedissectingachickenwithaworld-famouszoologist,learningaboutnon-traditionalmedicaltherapies,measuringelectricalcommunicationsignalsinlivingfish,talkingwithatopcancerresearcher,andmuch,muchmore.”（在这个项目中，你将花六周的时间作为研究人员或医生探索生活的不同方面。活动包括与世界著名的动物学家一起解剖鸡，学习非传统的医学疗法，测量活鱼的电子通信信号，与顶级癌症研究人员交谈等等。）可推知，生物研究和卫生专业课程最适合对医学感兴趣的学生。故选D项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据PrograminMathematicsforYoungScientists中“HowMuch:$6,600includingtuitionandroom.”（费用：6,600美元，包括学费和住宿。）可知，如果你打算参加数学课程，你应该支付6,600美元。故选C项。BIbegantogrowupthatwinternightwhenmyparentsandIwerereturningfrommyaunt’shouse,andmymothersaidthatwemightsoonbeleavingforAmerica.Wewereonthebusthen.Iwascrying,andsomepeopleonthebuswereturningaroundtolookatme.IrememberthatIcouldnotbearthethoughtofneverhearingagaintheradioprogramforschoolchildrentowhichIlistenedeverymorning.Idonotremembermyselfcryingforthisreasonagain.Infact,IthinkIcriedverylittlewhenIwassayinggoodbyetomyfriendsandrelatives.WhenwewereleavingIthoughtaboutalltheplacesIwasgoingtosee—thestrangeandmagicalplacesIhadknownonlyfrombooksandpictures.ThecountryIwasleavingandnevertocomebackwashardlyinmyheadthen.Thefouryearsthatfollowedtaughtmetheimportanceofoptimism,buttheideadidnotcometomeatonce.ForthefirsttwoyearsinNewYorkIwasreallylost—havingtostudyinthreeschoolsasaresultoffamilymoves.IdidnotquiteknowwhatIwasorwhatIshouldbe.Motherremarried,andthingsbecameevenmorecomplexforme.SometimepassedbeforemystepfatherandIgotusedtoeachother.Iwasoftensad,andsawnoendto“thehardtimes.”MyresponsibilitiesinthefamilyincreasedalotsinceIknewEnglishbetterthaneveryoneelseathome.Iwroteletters,filledoutforms,translatedatinterviewswithImmigrationofficers,tookmygrandparentstothedoctorandtranslatedthere,andevendiscussedtelephonebillswithcompanyrepresentatives.FrommyexperiencesIhavelearnedoneimportantrule:Almostallcommontroublesgoawayatlast!Somethinggoodiscertaintohappenintheendwhenyoudonotgiveup,andjustwaitalittle!Ibelievethatmylifewillturnoutallright,eventhoughitwillnotbethateasy.4.HowdidtheauthorgettoknowAmerica?A.FromherrelativesB.FromhermotherC.FrombooksandpicturesD.Fromradioprograms5.UponleavingforAmericatheauthorfelt________.A.confused B.excited C.worried D.amazed6.ForthefirsttwoyearsinNewYork,theauthor________.A.oftenlostherwayB.didnotthinkaboutherfutureC.studiedinthreedifferentschoolsD.gotonwellwithherstepfather7.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardlife?A.Pessimistic. B.Indifferent. C.Positive. D.Ambiguous.【答案】4.C5.B6.C7.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍作者通过自己到美国的经历，学到了一条非常重要的原则：几乎所有的困难最终都会解决掉的，只要不放弃。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“WhenwewereleavingIthoughtaboutalltheplacesIwasgoingtosee—thestrangeandmagicalplacesIhadknownonlyfrombooksandpictures.(当我们离开的时候，我想到了我要去的所有地方——那些我只从书本和图片上知道的奇怪而神奇的地方)”可知，作者是通过书和图片了解美国的。故选C。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Idonotremembermyselfcryingforthisreasonagain.Infact,IthinkIcriedverylittlewhenIwassayinggoodbyetomyfriendsandrelatives.WhenwewereleavingIthoughtaboutalltheplacesIwasgoingtosee—thestrangeandmagicalplacesIhadknownonlyfrombooksandpictures.ThecountryIwasleavingandnevertocomebackwashardlyinmyheadthen.(我不记得自己又因为这个原因哭了。事实上，我想当我和我的朋友和亲戚说再见的时候，我哭得很少。当我们离开的时候，我想到了我要去的所有地方——那些我只从书本和图片上知道的奇怪而神奇的地方。那个我要离开，再也不回来的国家，当时几乎不在我的脑海里)”可推断，作者要离开去美国的时候，想到的都是美国的地方，所以作者应该是感到兴奋的。故选B。6题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“ForthefirsttwoyearsinNewYorkIwasreallylost—havingtostudyinthreeschoolsasaresultoffamilymoves.(在纽约的头两年，我真的很迷茫——由于家庭搬迁，我不得不在三所学校学习)”可知，在纽约的头两年，作者在三所不同的学校学习。故选C。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“FrommyexperiencesIhavelearnedoneimportantrule:Almostallcommontroublesgoawayatlast!Somethinggoodiscertaintohappenintheendwhenyoudonotgiveup,andjustwaitalittle!Ibelievethatmylifewillturnoutallright,eventhoughitwillnotbethateasy.(从我的经历中，我学到了一个重要的规律：几乎所有常见的麻烦最终都会消失!只要你不放弃，再等一会儿，最后一定会有好事发生的！我相信我的生活最终会好起来的，尽管它不会那么容易)”可知，作者从自己的经历中学到了一条非常重要的原则：几乎所有的困难最终都会解决掉的，只要不放弃。由此推知，作者对生活的态度是积极乐观的。故选C。CLanguageshavebeencomingandgoingforthousandsofyears,butinrecenttimestherehasbeenlesscomingandalotmoregoing.Whentheworldwasstillpopulatedbyhunter-gatherers,small,tightlyknit(联系)groupsdevelopedtheirownpatternsofspeechindependentofeachother.Somelanguageexpertsbelievethat10,000yearsago,whentheworldhadjustfivetotenmillionpeople,theyspokeperhaps12,000languagesbetweenthem.Soonafterwards,manyofthosepeoplestartedsettlingdowntobecomefarmers,andtheirlanguagestoobecamemoresettledandfewerinnumber.Inrecentcenturies,trade,industrialization,thedevelopmentofthenation-stateandthespreadofuniversalcompulsoryeducation,especiallyglobalisationandbettercommunicationsinthepastfewdecades,allhavecausedmanylanguagestodisappear,anddominantlanguagessuchasEnglish,SpanishandChineseareincreasinglytakingover.Atpresent,theworldhasabout6,800languages.Thedistributionoftheselanguagesishugelyuneven.Thegeneralruleisthatmildzoneshaverelativelyfewlanguages.Oftenspokenbymanypeoplewhilehot,wetzoneshavelots,oftenspokenbysmallnumbers.Europehasonlyaround200Languages:theAmericasabout1,000,Africa2,400;andAsiaandthePacificperhaps3,200,ofwhichPapuaNewGuineaaloneaccountsforwellover800.Themediannumber(中位数)ofspeakersisamere6，000,whichmeansthathalftheworldslanguagesarespokenbyfewerpeoplethanthat.Alreadywellover400ofthetotalof6,800languagesareclosetoextinction(消亡),withonlyafewelderlyspeakersleft.Pick,atrandom,BusuuinCameroon(eightremainingspeakers),ChiapanecoinMexico(150).LipanApacheintheUnitedStates(twoorthree)orWadjiguinAustralia(one,withaquestion-mark):noneoftheseseemstohavemuchchanceofsurvival.8.Whatcanweinferaboutlanguagesinhunter-gatherertimes?A.Theydevelopedveryfast. B.Theywerelargeinnumber.C.Theyhadsimilarpatters. D.Theywerecloselyconnected9.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains"dominant"underlinedinparagraph2？A.Complex. B.Advanced.C.Powerful. D.Modern.10.Howmanylanguagesarespokenbylessthan6,000peopleatpresent?A.About6,800. B.About3,400C.About2,400 D.About1,200.11.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.Newlanguageswillbecreated.B.Peopleslifestylesarereflectedinlanguages.C.Humandevelopmentresultsinfewerlanguages.D.Geographydetermineslanguageevolution.【答案】8.B9.C10.B11.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了随着社会的发展人类语言越来越少及其原因。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段中的Whentheworldwasstillpopulatedbyhunter-gatherers,small,tightlyknit(联系)groupsdevelopedtheirownpatternsofspeechindependentofeachother...whentheworldhadjustfivetotenmillionpeople,theyspokeperhaps12,000languagesbetweenthem.可知，当世界以依靠狩猎为生的人组成的时候，小而联系紧密的群落形成了他们彼此之间独立的讲话模式……当世界上的人口数量不到一千万时，语言种类达到了12,000种。由此推知，当时的语言种类很多。故选B。【9题详解】猜测词义题。根据文章第二段中的dominantlanguagessuchasEnglish,SpanishandChineseareincreasinglytakingover.可知，英语、西班牙语和汉语正在快速替代其他语言。由此推知dominantlanguages意为“强有力的语言”。故选C。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的Atpresent,theworldhasabout6,800languages.和Themediannumber(中位数)ofspeakersisamere6,000,whichmeansthathalftheworld’slanguagesarespokenbyfewerpeoplethanthat.可知，目前世界上大约有6800种语言，但是讲的人数少于6000人的占一半即3400。故选B。【11题详解】主旨要义题。根据文章第一段中的主题句Languageshavebeencomingandgoingforthousandsofyears,butinrecenttimestherehasbeenlesscomingandalotmoregoing.可知，语言的产生和消失进行了几千年，但最近语言产生的少，消失的太多。故选C。点睛：长难句解读Inrecentcenturies,trade,industrialisation,thedevelopmentofthenation-stateandthespreadofuniversalcompulsoryeducation,especiallyglobalisationandbettercommunicationsinthepastfewdecades,allhavecausedmanylanguagestodisappear,anddominantlanguagessuchasEnglish,SpanishandChineseareincreasinglytakingover.分析：dominant前的and连接两个并列句，all和前面的名词短语trade,industrialisation,thedevelopmentofthenation-stateandthespreadofuniversalcompulsoryeducation,especiallyglobalisationandbettercommunications是同位语。句意：在最近的几个世纪，贸易、工业化、民族国家的发展和全球义务教育的普及，尤其是过去几十年来，全球化和更好的交流，这些都导致许多语言消失。而且像英语、西班牙语和汉语等主流语言正日益占据主导地位。DInaworldwithlimitedland,waterandothernaturalresources,theharmfromthetraditionalbusinessmodelisontherise.Actually,thepastdecadeshasseenmoreandmoreforestsdisappearingandtheglobebecomingincreasinglywarm.Peoplenowrealizethatthisunhealthysituationmustbechanged,andthatwemustbeabletodevelopinsustainableways.Thatmeansgrowthwithlowcarbonordevelopmentofsustainableproducts.Inotherwords,weshouldkeeptheearthhealthywhileusingitssupplyofnaturalresources.Today,sustainabledevelopmentisapropertrendinmanycountries.Accordingtoarecentstudy,theglobalmarketforlow-carbonenergywillbecomethreetimesbiggeroverthenextdecades.China,forexample,hassetitsmindonleadingthatmarket,hopingtoseizechancesinthenewroundoftheglobalenergyrevolution.Itisnowtryinghardtomakefulluseofwindandsolarenergy,andisspendingahugeamountofmoneymakingelectriccarsandhigh-speedtrains.Inaddition,wearealsoseeinggreatgrowthintheglobalmarketsforsustainableproductssuchaspalmoil(棕榈油),whichisproducedwithoutcuttingdownvaluablerainforest.Inrecentyearsthemarketsforsustainableproductshavegrownbymorethan50%.Governmentscanfullydevelopthepotentialofthesenewmarkets.First,theycansethightargetsforreducingcarbonemissions(排放)andtargetsforsavingandreusingenergy.Besides,strongerarrangementofpublicresourceslikeforestscanalsohelptospeedupthedevelopment.Finally,governmentscanavoidthehugepublicexpensesthataretakingusinthewrongdirection,andredirectingsomeofthoseexpensescanacceleratethechangefromthetraditionalmodeltoasustainableone.Themajorchallengeofthiscenturyistofindwaystomeettheneedsofgrowingpopulationwithinthelimitsofthissingleplanet.Thatisnosmalltask,butitoffersabundantnewchancesforsustainableproductindustries.12.ThetraditionalbusinessmodelisharmfulbecauseofallthefollowingEXCEPTthat.A.ItmakestheworldwarmerB.itconsumesnaturalresourcesC.itbringsseveredamagetoforestsD.itmakesgrowthhardtocontinue13.WhatcanweinferfromParagraph2?A.ChinalackswindandsolarenergyB.Chinaistheleaderofthelow-carbonmarketC.High-speedtrainsarealow-carbondevelopmentD.Palmoilismadeatthecostofvaluableforests14.Tofulldevelopthelow-carbonmarkets,governmentcan.A.cutpublicexpensesB.forbidcarbonemissionC.developpublicresourcesD.encourageenergyconservation15.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.TointroduceanewbusinessmodelB.TocomparetwobusinessmodelsC.TopredictachangeoftheglobalmarketD.Toadvocatesustainabledevelopment【答案】12.B13.C14.D15.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要是提倡大家过低碳环保生活，实现可持续发展。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Actually,thepastdecadeshasseenmoreandmoreforestsdisappearingandtheglobebecomingincreasinglywarm.”（事实上，在过去的几十年里，越来越多的森林消失了，全球变得越来越暖）可知A和C正确；根据第一段“Peoplenowrealizethatthisunhealthysituationmustbechanged,andthatwemustbeabletodevelopinsustainableways.”（人们现在认识到，必须改变这种不健康的状况，我们必须能够以可持续的方式发展）可知过去的生产方式让继续发展变得困难，所以才要可持续发展，D选项正确，B没有提及。故选B。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Itisnowtryinghardtomakefulluseofwindandsolarenergy,andisspendingahugeamountofmoneymakingelectriccarsandhigh-speedtrains.”（现在，中国正努力充分利用风能和太阳能，并投入巨资制造电动汽车和高速列车）可知中国正在迅速发展电动汽车和高速铁路，而中国想在低碳环保方面起领先地位，说明高铁是一种低碳发展。故选C。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Finally,governmentscanavoidthehugepublicexpensesthataretakingusinthewrongdirection,andredirectingsomeofthoseexpensescanacceleratethechangefromthetraditionalmodeltoasustainableone.”（最后，政府可以避免将我们带向错误方向的巨额公共开支，而重新调整其中一些开支可以加速从传统模式向可持续模式的转变）可知为了充分发展低碳市场，政府可以鼓励节约能源。故选D。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Peoplenowrealizethatthisunhealthysituationmustbechanged,andthatwemustbeabletodevelopinsustainableways.Thatmeansgrowthwithlowcarbonordevelopmentofsustainableproducts.Inotherwords,weshouldkeeptheearthhealthywhileusingitssupplyofnaturalresources.”（人们现在认识到，必须改变这种不健康的状况，我们必须能够以可持续的方式发展。这意味着低碳增长或可持续产品的开发。换句话说，我们应该保持地球健康，同时使用其供应的自然资源）结合全文内容，可知文章的主要目的是提倡大家过低碳环保生活，实现可持续发展。故选D。第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Fromredapplesandyellowlemonstoblueberriesandgreenmelons,fruitcomesinmanydifferentcolors.____16____Accordingtoscientists,fruitcolorsactuallycomefromtheirdifferentpigments,suchasredoryellowcarotenoidandblueorpurpleanthocyanin.Thesepigmentsappearindifferentamounts,dependingonthefruit’senvironment.Thiscausesthefruittoturnacertaincolor.____17____Theyfoundthatredfruittendstogrowincoolerplaces.Insteadofjustgrowinginoneplace,youcanfindthemgrowinginmanyplacesaroundtheworld.Blueandpurplefruitmostlygrowsinwarmplaces.____18____Thescientistsalsofoundthatthecloserthefruitistotheequator,thedarkeritscolorwillbe.____19____Animalseatfruitanddroptheseedsinotherplaceslater.Thishelpsthefruitspreadandgrowindifferentplaces.However,animalsseecolorsinadifferentway.Therefore,inordertoattractanimals,somefruitdevelopscolorsthatareeasyforanimalstosee.Forexample,birdscanseeredmoreeasilythanhumanscan.____20____ThelemursofMadagascararered-greencolorblind.Manyyellowfruitcanbefoundintheirhabitats,astheycaneasilyseethiscolor.A.Sotheretendstobemoreredfruitinareaswherebirdslive.B.Whydodifferentkindsoffruithavesomanycolors?C.Animalshavebettersightthananordinaryperson.D.Thesefruitstendtogrowalotitjustonespecificarea.E.However,adarkercolordoesn’tmeanabetterkindoffruit.F.Animalshavealsohadanimpactontheevolutionoffruitcolors.G.Scientistsstudiedmorethan280differentfruitcolorstofindouthowenvironmentaffectsfruitcolors.【答案】16.B17.G18.D19.F20.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了水果有许多不同的颜色的原因，包括温度和动物对颜色的影响。【16题详解】根据上文“Fromredapplesandyellowlemonstoblueberriesandgreenmelons,fruitcomesinmanydifferentcolors(从红色的苹果和黄色的柠檬到蓝莓和绿色的瓜，水果有很多不同的颜色)”以及下文“Accordingtoscientists,fruitcolorsactuallycomefromtheirdifferentpigments,suchasredoryellowcarotenoidandblueorpurpleanthocyanin(根据科学家的说法，水果的颜色实际上来自于它们不同的色素，比如红色或黄色类胡萝卜素和蓝色或紫色的花青素)”可知，此处是解释水果有多种颜色的原因。B选项“Whydodifferentkindsoffruithavesomanycolors?(为什么不同种类的水果有这么多颜色？)”符合题意。故选B。【17题详解】根据前文“Thesepigmentsappearindifferentamounts,dependingonthefruit’senvironment.Thiscausesthefruittoturnacertaincolor(这些色素的数量各不相同，这取决于水果所处的环境。这会导致水果变成某种颜色)”可推知，后文科学家将针对温度对颜色的影响进行研究。G选项“Scientistsstudiedmorethan280differentfruitcolorstofindouthowenvironmentaffectsfruitcolors.(科学家研究了280多种不同的水果颜色，以找出环境是如何影响水果颜色的)”符合题意。故选G。【18题详解】根据前文“Theyfoundthatredfruittendstogrowincoolerplaces.Insteadofjustgrowinginoneplace,youcanfindthemgrowinginmanyplacesaroundtheworld.Blueandpurplefruitmostlygrowsinwarmplaces.(他们发现红色的水果倾向于生长在凉爽的地方。它们不是只生长在一个地方，你可以发现它们在世界上很多地方生长。蓝色和紫色的水果大多生长在温暖的地方)”可知，水果往往在一个特定的地方生长很多。D选项“Thesefruitstendtogrowalotitjustonespecificarea.(这些水果往往在一个特定的区域里生长很多)”符合题意。故选D。【19题详解】根据后文“Animalscatfruitanddroptheseedsinotherplaceslater.Thishelpsthefruitspreadandgrowindifferentplaces.(动物吃水果，然后把种子掉在其他地方。这有助于水果在不同的地方传播和生长)”可知，本段讲述的是动物对水果生长的影响。F选项“Animalshavealsohadanimpactontheevolutionoffruitcolors.(动物对水果颜色的进化也有影响)”符合题意。故选F。【20题详解】根据前文“Therefore,inordertoattractanimals,somefruitdevelopscolorsthatareeasyforanimalstosee.Forexample,birdscanseeredmoreeasilythanhumanscan.(因此，为了吸引动物，一些水果会变成动物很容易看到的颜色。例如，鸟类比人类更容易看到红色)”可知，这就是有鸟的地方红色水果较多的原因。A选项“Sotheretendstobemoreredfruitinareaswherebirdslive.(因此，在鸟类生活的地方往往有更多的红色水果)”符合题意。故选A。第三部分语言知识运用(共两节,满分45分)第一节(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。In1665,JohannesVermeerdabbed(轻涂)thelastdropofpaintontoacanvasinhisDutchstudio,completinghismasterpiece“GirlWithaPearlEarring.”OnanAprilday357yearslater,Ms.Strongslowlystoppedherbike,pausedherfitnessapp,andwatchedasthesnakinglineofher____21____routedrewtheshapeofVermeer’s____22____overthestreetsofBrooklyn.Ms.Strong____23____whathascometobeknownas“GPSart”—a____24____thatusesthemappingcapabilities(地图绘画功能)ofmodernphoneappstocreate____25____drawingsusingarouteacrossthestreets.Thehobbyhasgrownwiththewidespread____26____ofsatellitetrackingforusebyordinarypeople.Itis____27____popularonStrava(afitnessapp)andoften____28____as“Stravaart”.Stravaarthasexistedsincethatapp’sreleasein2009,butit____29____asurge(激增)inuseduringthepandemic.Accordingtothecompany,morethanthreebillionactivities(动态)havebeen_____30_____toStravasincethebeginningof2020.This_____31_____usageofGPSdeviceshasresultedinmore_____32_____maps.Thus,ithasimprovedthe_____33_____andcomplexityoftheart.TheartformevenhasitsownGuinnessWorldRecordscategories.Acouple_____34_____a4,500-milerideacrossEurope(whilebloggingthejourney)that_____35_____a600-mile-wideGPSdrawingofabicycle—thelargestsuchdrawingon_____36_____.Eachcreatorusesaslightlydifferent_____37_____.Ms.Strongsaidshewillseeifthelinesofamapinspiresomething._____38_____,onavisittoaplaceshenoticedcertainstreetsformedthe_____39_____ofasharktail,andtookitfromthere.“Thecrazythingisthatyousortofdon’tknowwherethemaptakesyou;youjust_____40_____withit,”Ms.Strongsaid.“IalwaysendupwithwhatI’mlookingfor.”21.A.cycling B.walking C.running D.flying22.A.name B.masterpiece C.dream D.appearance23.A.explores B.predicts C.creates D.finds24.A.guess B.research C.theory D.practice25.A.classical B.emotional C.physical D.digital26.A.limitation B.availability C.concern D.consideration27.A.partly B.rarely C.particularly D.merely28.A.referredto B.attendedto C.devotedto D.addictedto29.A.demanded B.refused C.experienced D.expected30.A.delivered B.uploaded C.admitted D.turned31.A.increased B.related C.intended D.exposed32.A.interesting B.lively C.expensive D.detailed33.A.convenience B.quality C.difference D.possibility34.A.described B.prepared C.completed D.abandoned35.A.resultedin B.broughtin C.tookin D.calledin36.A.earth B.record C.sale D.average37.A.map B.paint C.tool D.process38.A.Inaddition B.Ingeneral C.Forexample D.Asusual39.A.habit B.house C.character D.shape40.A.go B.study C.live D.stand【答案】21.A22.B23.C24.D25.D26.B27.C28.A29.C30.B31.A32.D33.B34.C35.A36.B37.D38.C39.D40.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是斯特朗女士（Ms.Strong）创造的全新的艺术形式——利用GPS地图来创作艺术，并且这种艺术形式很受人们欢迎。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：357年后的一个4月的一天，斯特朗女士慢慢地停下自行车，暂停了健身应用，看着她骑自行车时蜿蜒的路线在布鲁克林的街道上勾勒出维米尔（Vermeer）这幅杰作的形状。A.cycling循环；B.walking散步；C.running跑步；D.flying飞行。根据上文中的“Ms.Strongslowlystoppedherbike,pausedherfitnessapp,andwatched”以及全文语境可知，此处指的是她的“骑行”创作出来作品。故选A项。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：357年后的一个4月的一天，斯特朗女士慢慢地停下自行车，暂停了健身应用，看着她骑自行车时蜿蜒的路线在布鲁克林的街道上勾勒出维米尔(Vermeer)这幅杰作的形状。A.name名字；B.masterpiece代表作；C.dream梦想；D.appearance。根据上文中的“In1665,JohannesVermeerdabbed(轻涂)thelastdropofpaintontoacanvasinhisDutchstudio,completinghismasterpiece“GirlWithaPearlEarring.””可知，此处为JohannesVermeer创作的“代表作”。故选B项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：斯特朗女士创作了一种被称为“GPS艺术”的作品，这种作品利用现代手机应用程序的地图绘画功能的实践，根据穿过街道的路线绘制数字图纸。A.explores探索；B.predicts预测；C.creates创造；D.finds发现。根据下文中的“thatusesthemappingcapabilities(地图绘画功能)ofmodernphoneappstocreate____5____drawingsusingarouteacrossthestreets.”可知，此处指的是“创造”出来的一种新型的艺术形式。故选C项。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：斯特朗女士创作了一种被称为“GPS艺术”的作品，这种作品利用现代手机应用程序的地图绘画功能的实践，根据穿过街道的路线绘制数字图纸。A.guess猜测；B.research研究；C.theory理论；D.practice实践。根据下文中的“thatusesthemappingcapabilities(地图绘画功能)ofmodernphoneappstocreate____5____drawingsusingarouteacrossthestreets.”可知，此处指的是一种新艺术形式的“实践”。故选D项。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：斯特朗女士创作了一种被称为“GPS艺术”的作品，这种作品利用现代手机应用程序的地图绘画功能的实践，根据穿过