现代英语词汇学概论最强版复习资料chapter

ndnd现代英词汇学概论强版复资料Chapter1AGeneralSurveyOfVocabularyTheDefinitionoftheterm“word”词的定义1.1ofEnglish英语词汇的发展史1.2ofWords词的分类1.0

TheDefinitionoftheterm”Word:afundamentalunitofspeechandform;withaofsound(bothlexicalandgrammatical),capableofperformingafunction.

aminimumlexicalgrammaticalmeaningBoundform粘着形式：Neversentences.自形：entirelyoftwoorlesser’sphrase，a1.1DevelopmentofVocabulary

Native:Celtic

1

st

OldEnglishAnglo-SaxonPeriod(OEorAS)

Celtic→Anglo-Saxonfrom/Norse/2period(1100-1500):MiddlePeriod(ME)(theNormanConquestin1066)3periodModernEnglishPeriodEarlyofModernGreekContemporaryEnglish(1700-present):Romance:Spanish,ItalianOtherEuropeanlanguages:Portuguese,German,…Non-Europeancolonization,Thegrowthofvocabularyitscauses.Markedprogressof，culturalchanges.ofcultures1.2ofWordscriteria:Byorigin:1.nativewords

本族词

外来词

Byofcommon普2.literary词3.colloquial4.words语5.technical术Bynotion:1.function2.content实Byorigin:1.native本词2.loanwords外来词Nativewords:wordsofAnglo-SaxonoriginorofoldEnglishFeaturesofnativewords:MostaremonosyllabicformingthemajoritystockLoan/borrowedwords:thoseborrowedfromotherlanguagesBasicwordstock:themostfrequentlyusedwords(essentialtolife)NationalcharacterStabilityWord-formingabilityAbilitytoformcollocationsBylevelusage:1.Commonwords普通词2.Literarywords书面词3.Colloquial口头词4.Slangwords俚语5.Technicalwords术语*Therearenoboundariestheclassesofwords.Commonwords普通词:connectedwiththeordinarythingsoractivitiesnecessarytoeverydaylifeThecoreofthecommonwordsisthebasicwordstock.StylisticallyneutralLiterarychieflyusedespeciallyelevatedstyle,inofficialdocuments,orinformalspeeches.MostareofFrench,LatinorGreekorigin.Amongtheliteraryword,twocategoriesarenoteworthy:

wordswords)words俚语:Language,orphrasesofvigorous,colorful,facetious,nature,inventedforusesfromuseofstandardvocabularygenerallyininformalconversationunlessthespeakersarethosedaringexpressionthathavenotbeenasstandardEnglishThechiefforuseofslang:secure术语:infields:trade,art,sportincreasingprecisioninoneLatinGreekinoriginnotion:1.functionwords功能词2.contentwords实义词Functiondeterminers,prepositions,nothavingmuchlexicallikegrammaticalExpressing