江苏译林版六年级下学期英语期末复习知识点总结

六年级期末复习资料整理(一）关于四种时态A.一般现在时：（1）描述经常发生的事情，通常句子中会有提示词出现，如---often,usually,always.Sometimes,everyday(week,year…)onSundays等词连用等。（2）陈述客观事实。结构：主语+动词原形；当主语为第三人称单数即he,she,it,Tom,mymother,theboy等词时，动词后加s或es.特殊情况：当主语是第三人称单数时，动词也要使用第三人称单数形式。（可以简称为动词的三单形式。）肯定句否定句一般疑问句特殊疑问句Iamacook.IamnotacookAreyouacook?Whatdoyoudo?Hehelpssickpeople.Hedoesn’thelpsickpeople.Doeshehelpsickpeople?Whatdoeshedo?动词三单的变化：1.一般情况，词尾加s:work---works,get---gets,stay---stays,ask---asks2.以ch,sh,s,x或o结尾的，加es:watch---watches,wish---wishes

,fix---fixes,

do---does,go---goes,pass---passes,wash-washes,3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，变y为i，再加es:try---tries,study---studies,cry---cries,fly---flies2.不规则变化：be----is

are

,

have----has一般现在时的句型转换：（1）当句子中有be动词或情态动词时，则把be动词或情态动词(can等等)提到主语的前面变成疑问句;在be动词或情态动词后面加not变成否定句.例：①陈述句：Sheisastudent.疑问句→Issheastudent?

否定句→Sheisnotastudent.②陈述句：Icanswim.疑问句→Canyouswim？否定句→Icannotswim.（2）当句子中即没有be动词，也没有情态动词时，则在主语前加助动词do(you,以及复数),does（单数she,he,it）变成问句；在主语后谓语动词前加助动词don’t（I,you,以及复数),doesn’t（单数she,he,it）变成否定句，助动词后的动词要变成动词原形。例：①陈述句：Wegetupat7:00everymorning.疑问句→Doyougetupat7:00everymorning?否定句→Wedon’tgetupat7:00everymorning.②陈述句：Shehasalittlebrother.疑问句→Doesshehavealittlebrother?否定句→Shedoesn’thavealittlebrother.B.现在进行时：1.用法：①现在正在进行或发生的动作 例：IamreadinganEnglishbooknow.我现在正在读一本英语书。 ②当前一段时期内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作 例：TheyarelivinginBeijingthesedays.他们这些天一直住在北京。2.与现在进行时连用的时间状语有：now，thesedays，Look!，Listen!，Itis

seveno’clock.等的提示3.现在进行时的构成：主语+be+动词现在分词4.现在进行时态的肯定式、否定式、疑问式及简略回答：（1）肯定式：be＋v-ing

Sheissinginginthenextroom.（2）否定式：be＋not＋v-ing

Thestudentsaren’tcleaningtheroom.（3）一般问句：be动词提前。肯定答语Yes，主语＋be，否定答语No，主语＋benot。Areyouplayingthecomputergame?

Yes,Iam./No,Iamnot.（4）特殊问句：对谓语动词进行提问的：What＋be＋主语＋doing＋其他？Whatistheoldmandoingunderthetree?对其他成份进行提问的，疑问词＋一般疑问句？Whereistheboyswimming?Whoisshewaitingfor?5.动词现在分词的构成 :（1）大部分动词是在其原形后直接加-ing，如：do-doing,clean-cleaning,cook-cooking,eat-eating,help-helping,wash-washing,watch-watching以不发音e结尾的动词，先去掉e,再加-ing，如：make-making,write-writing,take-taking,skate-skating,have-having,ride-riding以重读闭音节结尾的动词，如果末尾只有一个辅音字母，则应先双写这个字母，再加-ing，如：sit-sitting,swim-swimming,put-putting,run-running6.有些动词的现在进行时表示将要发生，常见的有go,come,leave,fly,move,start,arrive,do 例：Iamcoming. 我马上就来（将会来）HeisleavingWuhanforBeijing. 他将离开武汉去北京（将离开）WhatisJimdoingonvacation? 吉姆度假打算做什么？（将做什么）C.一般过去时：表示发生在过去的事情或存在的状态，常与justnow;amomentago;…ago;yesterday;last(week;month;year;Monday;weekend);thismorning等词连用。结构：主语+be动词的过去式（was;were）或主语+动词的过去式。注意be动词与动词过去式不可同时使用。问句有be动词将be动词移前，没有be动词借助于did，后面动词还原；否定句有be动词在后面加not，没有借助于didn't后面动词还原。1、一般过去时的各种句型转换：(1)一般疑问句及其肯定和否定回答：e.g.:A:Didyoucatchanyfish?B:Yes,Idid./No,Ididn’t.(2)由Where,What和Why引导的特殊疑问句的问答：A:Wheredidyougofortheholiday?B:Iwenttoafarm.(重在回答地点)A:Whatdidyoudofortheholiday?B:IvisitedtheShanghaiMuseum.(重在事情。)A：Whydidyoucallme?B:BecauseIwantedtogiveyouthefish.(重在陈述原因。)(3)由How引导的特殊疑问句的问答：A：Howwasyourholiday?B:Itwasgreatfun.含有行为动词的过去式句型变化：例如：Theywenttotheparklastweekend.改为否定句：Theydidn’tgototheparklastweekend.第一步：主语后+didn’t(助动词否定式）第二步：将动词过去式还原went-----go改为一般疑问句：Didtheygototheparklastweekend.第一步：Did（助动词）置于句首第二步：将动词过去式还原went-----go第三步：将句号改为问号对划线部分提问：Theywenttotheparklastweekend.Whatdidtheydolastweekend?套用特殊疑问句：Whatdid...do...?2、therebe结构在一般过去时的各种句型转换：Therebe结构的组成：Therewas/were+名词短语+方位短语.(数量词+名词)(1)肯定句：e.g.:Longlongago,therewasaking./Therewerealotofpeopleinthestreet.(2)否定句：在be动词was或were后+not,some要改成any.e.g.:Thereweresomepeopleinthestreet.(否定句)Therewerenotanypeopleinthestreet.(3)一般疑问句及其肯定和否定回答：e.g.:A:Wasthereahouseonthemountain?B:Yes,therewas./No,therewasn’t.(4)有关therebe的特殊疑问句的问答：A1：Whatwasinfrontofthelion’shouse?(针对名词短语提问)B1:Thereweresomeflowers.A2:Howmanyhouseswerethereonthemountain?（针对数量词提问）B2:Therewasone.3、动词在一般过去时中的变化：a、be动词在一般过去时中的变化：was/were.b、规则动词的一般过去时的四种变化：直接+ed：work-worked，look-looked以不发音的e结尾+d：live–lived，hope-hoped，use-used辅音+y结尾的，变y为i，+ed：study-studied，carry-carried，worry-worried（4）末尾是辅音字母加一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再+ed：stop-stopped，shop-shopped,plan-planned4、规则动词过去式+ed的发音规律：清碰清读作/t/，浊碰浊读作/d/，元音之后要读/d/，/t//d/之后读/id/。一般过去时情态动词的句型转换：(1)could引导的一般过去时的否定句，在could之后加not：couldnot=couldn’tSixyearsago,Icouldwrite.(否定句)Sixyearsago,Icouldn’twrite.(2)could引导的一般过去时的一般问句，将could调至句首：Mikecouldreadanddraw.(一般问句)CouldMikereadordraw?(3)could引导的特殊问句：特殊疑问句+could引导的一般问句：Theycouldrideabike.(对画线部分提问)Couldtheyrideabike(用dowhat替换)？Whatcouldtheydo？D.一般将来时：表示将要发生的事或打算、计划、决定要做的事情。一般将来时的时间状语：1.含next的短语：nextweek/day/month/term。2.含tomorrow的短语：thedayaftertomorrow后天tomorrowmorning/evening/afternoon。3.含in的短语，后跟一段时间，表示“以现在为起点，多长时间后”。比如：intwodays在两天后，inamonth一个月以后。4.含this的短语，表示与现在相比较，将来的某个时候thisWednesday/Sunday/weekend。5.when引导的时间状语从句。6.单个短语。soon不久；tonight今晚；someday/oneday将来的某一天；inthefuture在未来；beforelong不久后；fromnowon从现在开始。句子结构：肯定句：①begoingtodo（do指动词原形，be有is,am,are三种形式，它随人称变化而变化）②will+do2.否定句：在be动词（am,is,are）后加not或情态动词will后加not成won't。例如：I'mgoingtohaveapicnicthisafternoon.→I'mnotgoingtohaveapicnicthisafternoon.3.一般疑问句：be或will提到句首，some改为any,and改为or，第一二人称互换。例如：Wearegoingtogoonanoutingthisweekend.→Areyougoingtogoonanoutingthisweekend?4.对划线部分提问：一般情况，一般将来时的对划线部分有以下几种情况。※问人，例如：I'mgoingtoNewYorksoon.→Who'sgoingtoNewYork？※问干什么，例如：Myfatherisgoingtowatcharacewithmethisafternoon.→Whatisyourfathergoingtodowithyouthisafternoon.※问什么时候，例如：She'sgoingtogotobedatnine.→Whenisshegoingtobed?※问地点，例如：Wearegoingtomeetattheschoolgate.→Whereareyougoingtomeet?同义句：begoingto=willIamgoingtogoswimmingtomorrow（明天）.=Iwillgoswimmingtomorrow.一般将来时也可以用“will”表示：will表示“将；将会；会，要”，表示将来的动作或状态。will作为助动词,本身无人称和数的变化，后跟动词原形。will与begoingto两者都可表示将来发生的事、将要去做某事，但他们有如下几点区别：1.will表示将来时间较远一些，begoingto表示近期、眼下就要发生的事情。如：Iwillwriteabookoneday.我将来有一天要写一本书。Iamgoingtodrawapicturethisevening.我今天晚上要画一幅画。2.will表示客观上将来势必发生的事情，begoingto表示根据主观判断将来肯定发生的事情。Hewillbetwentyyearsold.我要20岁了。3.begoingto含有“计划，准备”的意思，而“will”则没有这个意思。例如：Heisgoingtohaveapicnic.他打算去野营。Hewillbehereintwentyminutes.他在20分钟内到这里。4.在有条件从句的主句中，一般不用begoingto，而多用will。如：Ifitisrainytomorrow,I’llgowithyou.如果明天下雨，我会和你一起去。5.表示有迹象表明要发生某事，只能用begoingto，不能用will。例如：Lookattheclouds,it’sgoingtorainheavily.瞧瞧这些云，要下大雨。will句子结构：肯定句：主语+will+动词原形…，如：Hewillfindmanyinterestingthings.一般疑问句：Will+主语+动词原形…?如：WillshegototheparkthisSunday?这个星期天她要去公园吗？Willtheyhaveapicnictomorrow?明天他们要去野餐吗？否定句：主语+won’t(willnot的缩写)+动词原形…，如：Iwon’ttellhimaboutit.我不会告诉他这件事的。（二）关于动词、名词、形容词、副词、介词的用法总结一：动词1.加动词原形情态动词（can,could,shall,should,must,will,would,may）+动词原形.它们的否定形式也是加动词原形。help+动词原形haveto+动词原形Let+宾格+动词原形Let’s+动词原形shallwe+动词原形（我们做….好吗？）1）.Wemust__________(look)atthetrafficlights.2）.Mikeoftenhelpshismother_________(do)housework.3）.Itisgoingtorain.Ihaveto_______(go)homequickly.4）.It’sFridaytoday.Whatwillshe__________(do)thisweekend?5）.Weshouldn’t_________(eat)toomuchsweetfoodbecauseitisbadforteeth.6）.LetSuHai_________(help)you.SheisgoodatEnglish.2.加动词不定式(即介词to+动词原形)want+to++动词原形how+to++动词原形It’stime+to+动词原形need+to++动词原形wouldlike+to++动词原形behappy+to++动词原形Let+宾格+动词原形use…to+动词原形forget+to+动词原形try+to(do)(表示试着做某事)can’twait+to(do)(表示等不及做某事)reuse…..to……再利用…..来做……start+todobegin+todo开始做什么事练习：1）Hi,Tom.How_____________(到达你家)？2）Thegirlswants__________(go)shoppingwithhermother.3）Don’tforget_________(look)outforthecarswhenyoucrosstheroads.4）Iamveryhappy___________(be)yournewEnglishteacher.5）ToprotecttheEarth,wecanuseplasticbottles__________(make)vases.6）Weneed__________(buy)alotofthingsfortheparty.7）Youneed_________(clean)youdesk.8）Thestudentsaretrying_______(follow)theorders.9）Ican’twaitto_______(eat)thecake.10）Wereuseoldnewspapers_________(make)paperflowers.3.加动词ingbe+动词ing(现在进行时态)，go+动词ing(表示去干什么事，通常指去做某项运动)goswimming,gofishing,goshopping.No+动词ing(在标志类名称中：No+动词ing,Nosmoking,Nolittering,Noeatingordrinking,Noparking)finish+动词ing,(完成做什么事)like+动词inglove+动词ingstart+动词ingbegin++动词ingstop+动词inghowabout/Whatabout+动词ingbegoodat+动词ingdowellin+动词ing介词+动词ing不是祈使句，放在句子开头的动词要加ing1）No________(park)here.2）Helenlikes______(drink)colaverymuch.3）Stop_______(shout)soloudly,motherissleeping.4）Howabout_______(go)totheparkthisSaturdaymorning?5）LiuTaodoeswellin__________(play)tabletennis.6）__________(study)hardisagoodhabitforallthestudents.7）Tomwouldlike_______(go)__________(swim)with__________(he)fatherthisafternoon.4.加形容词的动词有：be动词，系动词(keep,look,feel,get,stay,become,make,smell,sound,turn.)1）.Weshouldkeepourclassroom__________(clean).2).Ididn’tdomyhomeworkyesterdayandmyEnglishteacher______(get)__________(angrily).5.V.sb.sth.=V.sth.tosb.1).showsb.sth.=showsth.tosb.给某人看某物/向某人展示某物showmeyournewclothes=showyournewclothestome为我看你的新衣服2).givesb.sth.=givesth.tosb.给某人某物/把某物给某人givehimabook=giveabooktohim给他一本书/把一本书给他3).sendanemailtoher=sendheranemail给她发封邮件/发封邮件给她4).write……to(写…..给谁)Shewritesanemailtome-----------Shewritesmeanemail.writeletterstothem=writethemletters给他们写信/写信给他们5).特别注意：buysbsth=buysthforsb给某人买某物/买某物给某人6.其它动词短语固定搭配（1）looklookat看……(=havealookat)lookattheblackboard看黑板lookfor寻找(强调过程)lookformykite寻找我的风筝find找到(强调结果)findmykite找到了我的风筝lookafter照顾lookaftertheirgrandparents照顾他们的爷爷奶奶takecareof爱护；照顾takecareofchildren’steeth照顾孩子们的牙齿careabout关心，在乎careaboutourteeth关心/在乎我们的牙齿lookout当心小心提防（提醒别人，作为固定词组单独使用）Lookout,theflooriswet.Danger!Pleaselookout.危险！当心！lookoutfor小心提防……..(后面需要跟小心提防什么事物)Lookoutforcarsandbikes.lookoutof…朝……看lookoutofthewindow朝窗外看（2）.here/there/home这三个地点副词前面没有tocomehere过来gothere去那儿getthere到达那come/gohome回家gethome到家例外：gotoyourhome去你家gettomyhome到我家（3）walkwalkon继续走walkby走过，路过walkthrough穿过（4）upwake…up吵醒，叫醒wakethelionup吵醒狮子pick…up捡起pickit/themup把它/它们捡起来(代词it,them放中间)climbup爬上climbupthehill爬上小山getup起床（5）.awayflyaway飞走drive…away赶走goaway走了，离开move…awayfrom…从…搬走（6）.into/ontopour…into把……倒入gointo走进，进入holdonto抓紧take…into…带入……turninto变成（7）其它词：about,with,from,for,around等cheerfor…欢呼cheerforthem为他们欢呼ask…forhelp向……求助askmeforhelp向我求助begoodfor…对……有益begoodforyourbody对你的身体有益bebadfor…对……有害bebadforyoureyes对你的眼睛有害belatefor…迟到belateforschool上学迟到bereadyfor…准备好……bereadyforclass准备好上课beafraidof…害怕……beafraidofbears害怕熊buy…for…为……买……buyapresentformyfriend为我的朋友买个礼物buy…from…从…..买……buythingsfromshops从商店里买东西make….for….为….做……makeacardforyourmother为你妈妈做张贺卡write…for…为……写……writestoriesforchildren为孩子们写故事bring…from…从……带……bringsomefruitfromhome从家里带些水果bring…for…为……带……bringabookforme为我带本书bring…to…带……去……bringsnackstotheparty带零食去派对get…from…从……得到……getredpacketsfrommygrandparents从我祖父母那得到红包waitfor…等待……waitforthebus等公交waitforme等我readnewspapersfornews读报获取新闻watchnewsontheInternet网上看新闻be/goonanouting远足haveapicnic野餐farfrom离……远come(be)from来自makeasentencewith…用……造句playwith…和……一起玩show…around带……参观travelaroundtheworld环游世界learnabout…学习……talkabout…谈论……tellyouaboutTheUK告诉你关于英国的事beexcitedabout对……兴奋ask…about….问….关于……askSamaboutBobby向山姆问关于鲍比的事askmeaboutthebook向我问那本书wanttobeacook想成为一个厨师leave…behind留下，丢下comeout/getout出来findout发现gobackto…回去howlong多久justthen就在那时justright正合适，正好let…go释放，放开nextto在……旁边brushone’steeth刷牙doone’shomework做家作makefriends交朋友like…verymuch非常喜欢……likerunningverymuch非常喜欢跑步haveagood(great)time,havealotoffun,havesomefun过得开心，玩得快乐betweentwoboys两个男孩之间haveatry试一试makesnowmen堆雪人flyakite(flykites)放风筝bebusy忙碌的fallinto摔倒slipon滑倒project课题doaproject做/研究个课题poster海报makeaposter做张海报little小的，年幼的alittleboy一个小男孩litter乱扔垃圾letter信二：量词：alotof/lotsof许多/some/any一些+可数名词复数或不可数名词,(alot,很，非常，后面不可跟名词，修饰动词，放在动词后，如：Don’teatalot.不要吃太多),many（许多）/afew（几个）+可数名词复数,much（许多）/alittle（一点儿）+不可数名词manytoys许多玩具alotofnoodles/bread许多面条/面包somevegetables/water一些蔬菜/水afeweggs几个鸡蛋alittlecola一点可乐对可数名词数量提问用howmany(多少)，对不可数名词数量提问用howmuchmuch(许多)+不可数名词muchtea许多茶toomany(太多)+可数名词复数toomanystudents太多学生toomuch(太多)+不可数名词toomuchmilk太多牛奶1.Drinking___________(toomany/toomuch)colaisbadforhealth.2.Itusuallyrains_______(alot/alotof)atthistimeofyear.三：冠词1.不定冠词：a/an，表示泛指，a用于以辅音音素开始的单词前，an用于以辅音音素开始的单词前2.定冠词the的用法（1）球类前面不加theplayfootball/tabletennis踢足球/打乒乓球（2）月份前面不加theinJanuary/February在一月/在二月（3）乐器前面加theplaythepiano/guitar弹钢琴/吉他（4）四个传统节日加theSpringFestival春节DragonBoatFestival端午节Mid-AutumnFestival中秋节DoubleNinthFestival重阳节（5）holiday前加thetheNationalDayholiday国庆节(onholiday度假中，没有the)（6）景点前加thetheBund(上海)外滩theShanghaiMuseum上海博物馆theGreatWall长城thePalaceMuseum故宫theSummerPalace颐和园(Tian’anmenSquare前面不加the)（7）序数词前加theonthesecondfloor在二楼thethirdgirl第三个女孩日期：the+序数词+of+月份（8）其他thenextday第二天四：介词：介词（for,about,of,at,in,on,…..）后面跟动词ing.介词后面的人称代词要用宾格。Mikeisgoodat_______(run).Whatabout______(go)fishing?在某个节日可以用on/at：(1)节日中有Day的用on,如：onChildren’sDayonChristmasDay(2)节日中没有Day用at,如：atSpringFestival,atHalloweenatChristmas.1.in的用法（1）.在…里/上inthekitchen在厨房intheforest在森林里intheplayground在操场上inthetree在树上(指不长在树上)theapplesonthetree树上的苹果onthetree在树上(指长在树上的)themonkeysonthetree树上的猴子（2）时间inthemorning/afternoon/evening在早上/下午/晚上inMay/June在五月/六月inthreedays三天内inthefuture在将来/未来（3）其它inahealthydiet在健康的饮食inyourmeals在你的餐点中goin进入infrontof在…前面(方位上的)before在……之前(时间上的)infrontofthehouse房子前面beforebedtime睡前2.on的用法（1）在某一天前面用on，onMonday/Tuesday/Wednesday/Thursday在周一/周二/周三/周四onthesecondofMarch在三月二日onMother’sDay在母亲节onyourbirthday在你生日（2）某一天的早中晚onFridaymorning在周五早上onSaturdayafternoon在周六下午（3）其它onyourleft/right在你左边/右边puton穿上(takeoff脱下)putonaplay上演/表演一出戏tryon试穿geton上车（getoff下车）fromthenon从那时起goon继续(gowell进展顺利)3.at的用法（1）.时间ateleven(o’clock)在十一点atnight在夜里atweekends在周末atatime一次atChristmas在圣诞节atChineseNewYear在中国新年atthisfestival在这个节日atfirst起先，最初atlast最后（2）地点atschool在学校athome在家atMike’shouse在麦克家attheparty在派对atasnackbar在小吃店atashoppingcentre在购物中心atParkStation在公园站atthetrainstation在火车站atthebusstop在公交车站atthetrafficlights在交通信号灯处attheschoolgate在校门口（3）其它pointat…指着，指向pointattheking指着国王laughat笑，大笑(laughed过去式)laughatme笑我shoutat朝……喊shoutatthatoldman朝那个老人喊4.介词+交通工具介词短语动词短语步行onfootwalkIgotoschoolonfoot.=Iwalktoschool.乘公交车bybustakeabusIgohomebybus.Itakeabushome.骑自行车bybikerideabike乘地铁bymetrotakeametro乘出租车bytaxitakeataxi乘飞机byplanetakeaplane乘小汽车bycartakeacar乘轮船byshiptakeaship乘船byboattakeaboat五：名词以“o”结尾的名词单数变成复数（1）植物类有生命的加es：tomatoes,potatoes,mangoes,(2)无生命的加s：pianos,radios,photos,2.名词以“oo”结尾的只加“s”：zoos,kangaroos.3.名词以“y”结尾的：(1)“以辅音字母+y”的名词单数变复数要去y加ies,名词有如：hobbies,diarieslibraries,babies.,families,parties动词原形变第三人称单数的有：flies.,tries,carries,studies,copies,(2)“元音字母+y”结尾的名词单数变复数直接加s,名词有如：holidays,monkeys,keys,days,ways,boys,toys动词原形变第三人称单数的有：plays,stays,says,buys,a.Forlunch,heeatssome___________(tomato)and_______(afew)rice.b.Thegirlusually_________(fly)kiteswith_______(she)friendsatweekends.六：形容词excited(兴奋的)，exciting(令人兴奋的)，interested(感兴趣的)，interesting(某物/事是有趣的)看主语，主语是人+ed,主语是物+ing.1.Thechildrenare_________(excited/exciting).2.Thefootballgameisvery_________(excited/exciting).3.Thetabletennismatchisvery_________(excited/exciting).Theyarewatching__________(excited/exciting/excitedly).4.Childrenare___________(interested/interesting)in____________games.七：副词：表示行为或状态特征的词，用来修饰动词，动词短语，加强描绘词组或整个句子的词。Thegirldances____________(beautiful)Theboys____________(高兴地喊)now.Samisvery__________today.Heiscrying____________.(sad)Myfatherisreadingnewspapers____________(quiet)inthestudy.You’re__________(real)goodatplayingfootball.其他1.be(am.is,are,was,were)+形容词Nancyisabeautifulgirl.MyEnglishisgood.2.感观动词（feel,look,sound,smell,taste）Ifeelhappy,Shelookssad.keep(保持)，stay(保持)，make(使…)后面跟形容词。Keepourclassroomclean.Staysafeontheroad.Be动词（am,isare,was,were）ThechildrenaretiredItwassunnyyesterday.3.be+天气类形容词（sunny,cloudy,windy,rainy,snowy,foggy------特征：以y结尾）It’srainytoday.Theweatherbecamewindyandcloudy.没有be就用动词：Itrainedheavilyyesterday.Itrainsalot区别：rain(动词，下雨)Itrainedyesterday.昨天下雨了rain(不可数名词，雨水)Thereisalotofraininsummerhere.这儿的夏天有大量的雨水。rainy(形容词，多雨的，雨天)itisrainytoday.今天是雨天。4.不可数名词：（1）液体类：milk,juice,coffee,cola,tea,oil,water,rain,porridge(2)难数的：hair,paper,bread,meat,fish,rice,coal,用单数is,（3）抽象类(或总称)：energy,plastic,wood,food,fruit,cereal,rubbish,sweetfood或过去的was.总是以复数形式食品类：vegetables,noodles,sweets,(2)特殊类：people,fish(活鱼的复数),(3)成双成对类：shoes,jeans,trousers,socks,gloves,chopsticks,glasses,（三）固定搭配动词不定式：It’stimetodo.=It’stimefor(doing)sth.该做某事了。wanttodo=wouldliketodo想要做某事go/cometodo去/来做某事howtodo怎样做某事trytodo试着做某事needtodo需要做某事动名词No+doing禁止做某事start\go\likedoing开始\去\喜欢做某事What\Howaboutdoing…?做某事怎么样begoodatdoingsth./dowellindoingsth.擅长做某事learnaboutdoingsth.学习关于……动词的常用固定词组：1．like+名词复数（喜欢某物）2．wouldlikesth.＝wantsth.(想要某物)wouldliketo+do＝wantto+do(想要做某事)3．knowknowalotaboutsth.（了解很多关于…）knowsb.well（很了解某人）4.talktalktosb.aboutsth.（和某人谈论某事）talkaboutsth.（谈论某事）talkto/withsb.(和某人交谈)5.askasksb.aboutsth.(问某人关于某事)asksb.todosth.(要求某人做某事)asksb.forhelp(向某人求助)6.looklookfor（寻找）注重过程find（找到）注重结果lookat看着lookafter照料lookaround环顾lookoutof(从……往外看)lookout(for)当心……7.playplay+球类playthe+乐器playwithsb.\sth.（和某人玩\拿某物玩）8．有两种表达方式的动词词组givesb.sth.=givesth.tosb.（给某人某物--把某物给某人）showsb.sth.=showsth.tosb.（给某人看某物--把某物给某人看）tellsb.sth.=tellsth.tosb.writesb.aletter\anemail=writealetter\anemailtosb.sendsb.aletter\anemail=sendaletter\anemailtosb.buysb.sth.=buysth.forsb.（为某人买某物—买某物给某人）9.其他动词词组makesth.forsb.（为某人做某物）helpsb.(to)dosth.（帮助某人做某事）letsb.dosth.(让某人做某事)wanttobe（想要成为……）showsb.around…（带某人参观某处）have…forbreakfast\lunch\dinner（吃……作为早餐|午餐\|晚餐）careaboutsth.（关心在意某事）move…awayfrom…(从某处搬走某物)wakesb.up（把某人叫醒）cheerforsb.（为某人欢呼、喝彩或加油）pour…into…(把……倒入……)take…into…（把……带进……）put…inorder（把……放得井井有条）holdonto…(抓紧抓牢某物)listento…（听……）pointat…（指着……）waitforsb,\sth.（等待某人\某物）10．pickit/themup把它（它们）捡起(it,them只能放中间)wakehimuptryitonpickthebookup=pickupthebook把书捡起(具体东西可放中间也可放后面,.与此相同用法的还有tryon、puton、takeoff这些词组)四、其它词组或固定用法。Howmany+可数名词复数（多少……）alotof=lotsof=many(许多，用于可数名词)alotof=lotsof=much(许多，用于不可数名词)afew+名词复数alittle+不可数名词beexcitedaboutsth.（对某事很激动兴奋）文化版块五年级Coffeeispopularinwesterncountries.TeaispopularinChina.咖啡在西方国家很流行。茶在中国很流行。2、IntheUK,thisisthegroundfloor.IntheUS,thisisthefirstfloor.在英国，一楼是thegroundfloor，二楼才是thefirstfloor.在美国，一楼是thefirstfloor.YoucanseepandasinChina.YoucanseebaldeaglesintheUS.YoucanseepolarbearsinCanada.YoucanseekangaroosinAustralia.你可以在中国看见熊猫。你可以在美国看见白头秃鹰。你可以在加拿大看见北极熊。你可以在澳大利亚看见袋鼠4、IntheUS,wecallapolicemana“cop”.IntheUK,wecallafirefightera“fireman”在美国，我们叫警察为“cop”.在英国，我们叫消防员为“fireman”WewriteChineseaddresseslikethis.WewriteEnglishaddresseslikethis.6、BasketballisverypopularintheUS.FootballisverypopularintheUK.TabletennisisverypopularinChina.篮球在美国和流行。足球在英国很流行。乒乓球在中国很流行。7、Ilikereadingfairytables.IlikereadingstoriesaboutthemonkeyKingandNezha.我喜欢读童话故事。我喜欢读美猴王和哪吒的故事。8、IntheUK,weask“Where’sthetoilet?”IntheUS,weask“Where’stherestroom?”在英国，我们问“厕所(toilet)在哪里？”在美国，我们问“洗手间（restroom）在哪里？”9、Youhaveafever.Yourtemperatureis102

ᵒF.102?It’s39

ᵒC.你发烧了，你的温度是102华氏度，39摄氏度。10、Ieatwithchopsticks.Ieatwithaknifeandfork.杨玲说：我用筷子吃。麦克说:我用刀叉吃。11、Halloweenisonthethirty-firstofOctober.Childrenusuallydressup.Theyknockonpeople’sdoorsandshout“Trickortreat”forsweets.万圣节在10月31日。孩子们通常乔装打扮。他们敲人们的门，并大声喊叫“不给糖就使坏”12、Peopleinthewestusuallyopentheirpresentsassoonastheyreceivethem在西方国家的人们通常一收到礼物就把他们打开。六年级文化常识AnAmericancowboywearsjeans.AScottishmanwearskilts.美国牛仔穿牛仔裤。苏格兰男人穿苏格兰格尼裙。（这是他们有特色的民族服装）TherearethreemainschoolholidaysintheUK.TheyaretheEasterholiday,thesummerholidayandtheChristmasholiday.在英国有三个主要的学校假期，他们是复活节（在每年春分3月21日月圆之后第一个星期日）假期，暑假和圣诞节假期（12.25）。Halloweenisonthethirty-firstofOctober.万圣节在10月31日，为西方的鬼节。人们wearmasks,makepumpkinlanterns,playagamecalled“trickortreat”(不招待就使坏)。TheAmericansinventedtheaeroplane.TheBritishinventedthetrain.美国人发明了滑翔机，英国人发明了火车。IntheUK,peoplecallthemetro“underground”.在英国，人们把地铁称为“underground”。IntheUS,peoplecallthemetro“subway”.在美国，人们把地铁称为“subway”。EarthDayison22ndApril.WorldEnvironmentDayison5thJune.地球日在4月22日。世界环境日在6月5日。ChristmasisthemostimportantholidayintheUK.圣诞节是英国最重要的假期。（其实，西方国家最重要的节日一般都是圣诞节）ChineseNewYearisthemostimportantfestivalinChina.Wealsocallit“SpringFestival”.中国农历新年是中国最重要的假期。我们也把它叫做春节。（NewYear.新年HappyNewYear.元旦快乐。ChineseNewYear中国农历新年，春节ChineseNewYear’sDay大年初一ChineseNewYear’sEve除夕）ThanksgivingisaveryimportantholidayintheUS.感恩节是美国一个重要的假期。ThisisAesop’sFables.Youcanfindmanyanimalstoriesinit.这是一本《伊索寓言》。你可以在里面找到许多动物故事。ThisisaChineseidiombook.Youcanalsofindmanyanimalstoriesinit.这是一本中国成语书。你可以在它里面找到许多动物故事。Chinesepeopleoftenhavesomeporridgeandsteamedbunsforbreakfast.中国人经常早饭喝粥，吃包子。Westernpeopleoftenhavecereal,bread,eggsandsausagesforbreakfast.西方人经常喝麦片，吃面包、鸡蛋和香肠当早餐。IntheUK,peopledriveontheleftsideoftheroad.在英国，人们靠左行驶。InChina,exceptHongKongandMacau,peopledriveontherightsideoftheroad.在中国，除了香港和澳门，人们都是靠右行驶。WhenyougotoaWesternparty,youshouldtakeagift.Donotarrivetooearly.Youcanbeafewminuteslate.当你去参加一个西方的聚会时，你应该带一个礼物。不要到得太早。你可以晚到几分钟。You’llfindtheGreatWallinChina.你将在中国找到长城。You’llfindYellowstoneNationalParkintheUS.你将在美国找到黄石国家公园。You’llfindStonehengeintheUK.你将在英国找到巨石阵。You’llfindtheGreatBarrierReefinAustralia.你将在澳大利亚找到大堡礁。You’llfindUluruinAustralia.你可以在澳大利亚找到乌鲁鲁巨石。You’llfindtheGrandCanyonintheUS.你可以在美国找到大峡谷。You’llfindBuckinghamPalaceintheUK.你可以在英国找到伯明翰宫。You’llfindNiagaraFallsinCanada.你可以在加拿大找到尼亚加拉大瀑布。You’llfindtheBigBen,theTowerBridgeandtheLondonEyeinLondon.你会在伦敦找到大本钟，伦敦塔桥和伦敦眼。You’llfindtheWhiteHouseintheUS.你会在美国找到白宫。英国国旗theUK/England,英国人British,英国的English,英格兰England,英语English美国国旗theUS/theUSA/America,美国人American(s),美国的American,英语English日本国旗Japan,日本人Japanese,日本的Japanese,日语Japanese澳大利亚国旗Australia,澳大利亚人Australian(s),澳大利亚的Australian,英语English法国国旗France,法国人Frenchman(Frenchmen),法国的French,法语French中国China,中国人Chinese,中国的Chinese,汉语Chinese.Sundayisthefirstdayofaweek.Saturdayisthelastdayofaweek.星期日是一周的第一天。星期六是一周的最后一天语音总结（一）辅音字母的发音1.b/b/Bigbooks,bigbooks,Bobhastwobigbigbooks.ballbirthdaybookrobot2.p/p/Upanddown,upanddown,Pauliswalkingupanddown.cappiesleepup3.r/r/Aruler,aruler,aredrobothasarulerandarubber.redrobotrubberrulerrun4.d/d/Bird,bird,don’tflyaway.Standonmydesk,andbemyfriend,OK?5.s/s/Six,seven,six,seven.Don’tfalltotheground.sevensistersixsorrythis6.t/t/Tick-tock,eighto’clock.It’stimetoeat.Tick-tock,eighto’clock.It’stimetomeet.eateightgettentime7.m/m/CleverTomfromthefarm,MakesicecreamforhisMum.farmicecreammakemumwe