天津商业大学2022年翻译硕士英语考研真题

天津商业大学2022年[翻译硕士英语]考研真题I.Choosetheoneanswerthatthatbestexplainstheunderlinedwordorphraseinthesentence.WriteyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET(20points).1.Withmutuallycherishedmemories,purelove,andanunyieldingpromise.Ipromiseinmyownnametotakeonallherlove,hopeandgriefforeverandforever.A.desiredB.plannedC.anticipatedD.envisaged2.Outragednetizensdisseminatedphotosoftheincident,forcingMr.Phuctoapologize-ararestepforaseniorofficialinVietnam’sauthoritarianregime.A.scatteredB.dissolvedC.pesteredD.prowled3.Profoundlytroublingsignsfromhumanactivities,includingbutnotlimitedtogrowinglivestockpopulations,globaltreecoverlossandhighercarbondioxideandothergreenhousegasemissions.A.effluentB.dischargeC.preservationD.reservation4.WithitsdecisiononOct15tonotbanHuaweifrombuildingits5Gnetwork,theGermangovernmenthasshownadmirablecourageandindependenceundermountingpressureandintimidationfromtheUnitedStatesadministration.A.humiliationB.violationC.threatD.danger5.Theymayberightonsomeindicators,butbyhopingthattheprivatesectorwouldhelpalleviatetheclimatecrisis,theyareatbestbeingnaïve,andatworstreflectingtheirhelplessness.A.increaseB.mitigateC.proceedD.stimulate6.Inancienttimes,theChinesepeopletooktheStartofWintertobethebeginningofthewinter.Infact,theStartofWinterinnotthebeginningofwinterintermsofmeteorology.Theclimateeveryyearisdifferent,sothebeginningofwintercouldbequitedifferent.AndwiththevastterritoryofChina,winterineveryareadoesn’tbeginatthesametime.A.biologyB.aerographyC.geologyD.astrology7.Financialconsultantsacknowledgethatthevalueofcommonstockisinherentlychangeable.A.relativelyB.intrinsicallyC.consequentlyD.accordingly8.Titled“ColorfulMaritimeSilkRoadandMutualLearningAmongCivilizations”,thesix-dayeventwillfeatureculturalperformances,forumsonartisticdevelopmentandexhibitionsofinternationalintangibleculturalheritagesrelatedtotheMaritimesSilkRoad.A.changeableB.untouchableC.valuableD.variable9.EstimatesarethatTianjin’sBinhainewareawillby2020haveseentherelocationthereofover1,200corporateheadquarters,financialinstitutionsandhigh-endindustrieswithaninvestmentworth400billionyuan.A.reinforcementB.re-positionC.re-accommodationD.reformation10.ThefirstMorinKhuurfestivalconcludedonSept8atInnerMongoliaArtsUniversityinHohhot,InnerMongoliaautonomousregion.Around50ChineseandinternationalexpertsandscholarsparticipatedinforumsattheeventtodiscussthedevelopmentoftheMorinKhuurandrelatedevents.A.attendedB.debatedC.discussedD.cooperated11.ThecompanyisoutrightdenyingitsreportedhesitationtoinvestigateRussianinterferenceonitsplatformduringthe2016presidentialelection,butseveralotherallegationsfromthestoryhavebeenexplainedbythecompanyinawaythatsuggeststhey’reatleastpartiallytrue.A.interruptionB.disturbanceC.annoyanceD.influence12.AgroupofSouthAfricansailorsneartheSouthPolehavehadanadorableinteractionwithabelugawhale,playingfetchwiththeapparentlywildanimalasthoughitwereanoversized,wetpuppy.A.dangerousB.safeC.endearingD.admirable13.YouTubemayterminateyouraccess,oryourGoogleaccount’saccesstoallorpartoftheServiceifYouTubebelieves,initssolediscretion,thatprovisionoftheServicetoyouisnolongercommerciallyviable.A.valuableB.acceptableC.availableD.beneficial14.AfteradayfilledwithmeetingsattheUnitedNationsGeneralAssembly，Trumptalkedtoreportersforoveranhour,facingquestionsoneverythingfromtradepolicytohisembattledSupremeCourtnomineeBrettKavanaugh.Hisanswerswereramblingandattimesincoherent,andevenforthoseaccustomtohisunusualrhetoricalstyle,thiswasawildride.A.agitatingB.troublesomeC.chaoticD.annoying15.Trumpdidn’toffermuchinthewayofconcreteanswersinresponsetoseveralquestionsaboutthemultiplesexualassaultallegationsagainstBrettKavanaugh,excepttoclaimitwasa“bigfatconjob”bytheDemocrats.A.crimeB.hurtC.attackD.offend16.Thepolicyincurredqueriesfromthepublic.Manysaidthatestablishingalinkbetweenemploymentrateandcollegecoursesisreasonablebecausecollegeshavetheresponsibilitytoprovideusefulhumanresourcestopromotesocialdevelopment,butdecidingamajor’sfatebasedsolelyonthatrate,however,innot.A.causedB.demandedC.eliminatedD.associated17.PresidentObama,whopurportedlygrewuparounddifferentlanguagesandcultures,understandsandsupportstheseefforts.A.allegedlyB.sluggishlyC.subjectivelyD.purposefully18.Theorganizersalsopreparedthematicinteractiveplatformsandphotozones,showingmilitarychroniclesanddomesticfilmsaboutthewarthroughouttheday.A.programsB.actionsC.annalsD.affairs19.AccordingtoBiancaNijhof,managingdirectoroftheNetherlandsWaterPartnership,thenetworkofDutchorganizationsinthewatersectorisafirstpointofcallforanyoneseekingDutchwaterexpertise,doitwasnocoincidencethatthisinventionanddevelopmenttstartedintheNetherlands.A.specialistB.equipmentC.specialknowledgeD.skillfulness20.There’snothingflashyaboutthishabit,butitworksforhim.“I’mnotamorningperson,soIneedmytimewithmypaperandteatowakeupandkindofgetgoing,”ChristinatoldSwinburne.A.gaudyB.fiscalC.manicD.piddling

II.Ineachofthefollowingsentences,therearefourunderlinedparts,markedwithA,B,CandD.Identifyandcorrectthepartthatisgrammaticallyincorrect.WriteyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET(10points)缺III.ReadingComprehension.TWOSECTIONSareincludedinthispart.SectionAconsistsofsomemultiple-choicequestionsandSectionBconsistsofsomeshort-answerquestions(40points).SECTIONAMULTIPLE-CHOICEQUESTIONSInthissectionthereare4passagesfollowedby17multiple-choicequestions.Foreachquestion,therearefoursuggestedanswersmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatyouthinkisthebestanswer.WriteyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.Passage1Beingaproblemisastrangeexperience,—peculiarevenforonewhohasneverbeenanythingelse,saveperhapsinbabyhoodandinEurope.Itisintheearlydaysofrollickingboyhoodthattherevelationfirstburstsuponone,allinaday,asitwere.Irememberwellwhentheshadowsweptacrossme.Iwasalittlething,awayupinthehillsofNewEngland,wherethedarkHousatonicwindsbetweenHoosacandTaghkanictohesea.Inaweewoodenschoolhouse,somethingputitintotheboys’andgirls’headstobuygorgeousvisiting-cards—tencentsapackage—andexchange.Theexchangewasmerry,tillonegirl,atallnewcomer,refusedmycard,—refuseditperemptorily,withaglance.ThenitdawneduponmewithacertainsuddennessthatIwasdifferentfromtheothers;orlike,mayhap,inheartandlifeandlonging,butshutoutfromtheirworldbyavastveil.Ihadthereafternodesiretoteardowntheveil,tocreepthrough;Iheldallbeyonditincommoncontempt,andlivedaboveitinaregionofblueskyandgreatwanderingshadows.ThatskywasbluestwhenIcouldbeatmymatesatexamination-time,orbeatthematafoot-race,orevenbeattheirstringyheads.Alas,withtheyearsallthisfinecontemptbegantofade;forthewordsIlongedfor,andalltheirdazzlingopportunities,weretheirs,notmine.Buttheyshouldnotkeeptheseprizes,Isaid;some,all,Iwouldwrestfromthem.JusthowIwoulddoitIcouldneverdecide:byreadinglaw,byhealingthesick,bytellingthewonderfultalesthatswaminmyhead,—someway.Withotherblackboysthestrifewasnotsofiercelysunny:theiryouthshrunkintotastelesssycophancy,orintosilenthatredofthepaleworldaboutthemandmockingdistrustofeverythingwhite;orwasteditselfinabittercry,WhydidGodmakemeanoutcastandastrangerinmineownhouse?Theshadesoftheprison-houseclosedroundaboutusall:wallsstraitandstubborntothewhitest,butrelentlesslynarrow,tall,andunscalabletosonsofnightwhomustploddarklyoninresignation,orbeatunavailingpalmsagainstthestone,orsteadily,halfhopelessly,watchthestreakofblueabove.AftertheEgyptianandIndian,theGreekandRoman,theTeutonandMongolian,theNegroisasortofseventhson,bornwithaveil,andgiftedwithsecond-sightinthisAmericanworld,—aworldwhichyieldshimnotrueself-consciousness,butonlyletshimseehimselfthroughtherevelationoftheotherworld.Itisapeculiarsensation,thisdouble-consciousness,thissenseofalwayslookingatone’sselfthroughtheeyesofothers,ofmeasuringone’ssoulbythetapeofaworldthatlooksoninamusedcontemptandpity.Oneeverfeelshistwoness,—anAmerican,aNegro;twosouls,twothoughts,twounreconciledstrivings;twowarringidealsinthedarkbody,whosedoggedstrengthalonekeepsitfrombeingtornasunder.ThehistoryoftheAmericanNegroisthehistoryofthisstrife,—thislongingtoattainself-consciousmanhood,tomergehisdoubleselfintoabetterandtruerself.Inthismerginghewishesneitheroftheolderselvestobelost.HewouldnotAfricanizeAmerica,forAmericahastoomuchtoteachtheworldandAfrica.HewouldnotbleachhisNegrosoulinafloodofwhiteAmericanism,forheknowsthatNegrobloodhasamessagefortheworld.HesimplywishestomakeitpossibleforamantobebothaNegroandanAmerican,withoutbeingcursedandspituponbyhisfellows,withouthavingthedoorsofOpportunityclosedroughlyinhisface.This,then,istheendofstriving:tobeaco-workerinthekingdomofculture,toescapebothdeathandisolation,tohusbandandusehisbestpowersandhislatentgenius.1.Theunderlinedworld“revelation”refersto___.A.theauthor’srealizationthatdespitetheirdifferentskincolorwhitesandblacksarefundamentallythesameB.theauthor’srealizationthatblacksarenotpartofthewhitepeople’sworldC.theauthor’learningthatnoteveryoneiskindD.theauthor’srealizationthathecouldbeathiswhiteclassmatesatexaminationsandinafoot-race2.Fromhisexperiencewiththevisiting-cardsthatnarratorlearnsthat___.B.whitepeopleacceptallblacksexcepthimC.heisfundamentallythesameaswhitepeoplebutseparatedfromthembytheirattitudestowardblacksD.whiteboysbutnotwhitegirlsaccepthim3.Theunderlinedword“end”inthelastparagraphmostnearlymeans___.A.conclusionB.closingstagesC.resultD.goal4.Themostappropriatetitleofthispassagewouldbe___.A.BlacksCanNeverBeFullyAmericanB.BlacksMustGiveUpTheirHeritagetoBeTrulyAmericanC.TheProblemofBlackIdentityinAmericaD.TheBlackExperienceinAmericaPassage2ThefirstprofessionalhighereducatorsintheWesternworldwerethegroupbrillianttalkersandkeenthinkerswhoappearedinGreeceduringthefifthcenturyB.C.Theywerecalled“sophists.”Theywereexclusivelylecturers.Allthatwehearofthemshowsthemasphenomenallygracefulandsubtletalkers,usuallytofairlylargeaudiences.Inthattheyarethedirectancestorsofthemodern“authority”whotoursthelargecitiesgivingacarefullypreparedspeechinwhichhisownpersonalpowerorcharmiscombinedwithwell-spacedjokesandmemorableepigrams,thewholevaryingverylittlefromonerepetitiontoanother.Likehim,theywerehighlypaidandwidelyadvertisedandwelcomedbyareceptioncommitteeandentertainedbyambitioushosts.Butunlikehim,someofthemprofessedtobeauthoritiesoneverything.Theysaidtheycouldlectureonanysubjectunderthesun.Oftentheywerechallengedtospeakonoddanddifficulttopics,andacceptedthedare.However,theydidnotpretendtoknowmorefactsthanothers,butrathertobeabletothinkandtalkbetter.Inthat,perhaps,theyaretheancestorsofthemodernjournalistswhohavetheknackofturningoutabrightandinterestingarticleonanynewsubject,withoutusingspecialorexpertinformation.Thesophistsdazzledeveryonewithoutconvincinganyoneofanythingpositive.Theyarguedunsystematicallyandunfairly,butpaintedoverthegapsintheirreasoningwithglossyrhetoric.Theyhadfewconstructiveideas,andwonmostapplausebytakingtraditionalnotionsandshowingtheywerebasedonconventionratherthanlogic.Theydemonstratedthatalmostanythingcouldbeprovedbyafasttalker—sometimestheymadeapowerfulspeechononesideofaquestioninthemorning,andanequallypowerfulspeechontheoppositesideintheafternoon.TosomeofhiscontemporariesSocrateslookedlikeasophist.Buthedistrustedandopposedthesophistswhereverpossible.Theymadecarefullypreparedcontinuousspeeches;heonlyaskedquestions.Theytookrichfeesfortheirteaching;herefusedregularpayment,livinganddyingpoor.Theywereelegantlydressed,withsecretariesandservants.Socratesworetheworkingman’sclothes,andbarefeet.Theyspokeinspeciallypreparedlecture-halls;hetalkedtopeopleatstreet-cornersandinthegymnasium,whereeveryafternoontheyoungmenexercised,andoldmentalked.Socratessaidhetrainedpeopletothink.Thesophistssaidtheykneweverythingandwerereadytoexplainit.Socratessaidheknewnothingandwastryingtofindout.Thesophistswerethefirstlecturers.Socrateswasthefirsttutor.Hisinventionwasmoreradicalthantheirs.Speechessuchastheydeliveredcouldbeheardelsewhere—inthenewdemocraticlaw-courts,wherecleveroratorstriedtoswaylargejuriesbydozensofnewlydevelopedoratoricaltricks,andinthetheatres,wheretragickings,queens,gods,andheroesaccusedanddefiedoneanotherinlongspeeches,andintheassembliesofthepeople,whereanycitizencouldspeakonthedestiniesofAthens.Andtravelingvirtuosilikethesophistswerefairlycommoninotherfields—touringmusicians,painters,andeminentpoets,wereallwelcomeinGreekcitiesandattherichcourtofthe“tyrants.”Itwasnottoohard,thenforthesophiststoworkoutaperformanceoftheirown,asbrilliantandsometimesasimpermanentasaharpist’recital.TheinnovationsSocratesmadeweretouseordinaryconversationasamethodofteaching,andtoactononesocietyonly,hisowncityofAthens,insteadofdetachinghimselfandtraveling.Andhemadetheotherfellowdomostofthetalking.Hemerelyaskedquestions.Butanyonewhohaswatchedacross-examinationincourtknowsthatthisismoredifficultthanmakingapreparedspeech.Socratesquestionedallsorts,fromschoolboystoelderlycapitalists,fromorthodoxmiddle-of-the-roadcitizenstoextremists,friendsandenemies,criticsandadmirers,thefamousandtheobscure,prostitutesandpoliticians,averageAtheniansandfamousvisitors.Itwasincrediblydifficultforhimtoadapthimselftosomanydifferentcharactersandoutlookers,andyetweknowthathedid.Socrateslookedugly.Hehadgoodmanners,butnoaristocraticpolish.Yethewasabletotalktothecleverestandthetoughestmindsofthisageandtoconvincethemthattheyknewnomorethanhedid.Hismethodswere,first,themodestdeclarationofhisownignorance—whichimperceptiblyflatteredtheothermanandmadehimeagertoexplaintosuchanintelligentbutnaïveinquirer;second,hisadaptability—whichshowedhimthesideonwhicheachmancouldbebestapproached;and,third,hisunfailinggoodhumor—whichallowedhimalwaystokeeptheconversationgoingandatcrises,whentheotherlosthistemper,todominateit.5.Whatisasophistmostlikely?___A.ascientistB.apainterC.adoctorD.apaidteacherofphilosophyandrhetoricinancientGreece6.Theunderlinedphrase“glossyrhetoric”mostnearlymeans___.A.colorfullanguageB.elaboratelanguagewithlittlemeaningC.speciousconclusionsD.fascinatingbutdistractingdetails7.AccordingtotheauthorallofthefollowingweretrueaboutthesophistsEXCEPT___.A.theymadespeechesthathadbeenpreparedinadvanceB.theywerewellpaidC.someofthemsaidthattheywereexpertsoneverythingD.theywerealwaysscrupulouslyfairinargument8.Themostappropriatetitleforthispassagewouldbe___.A.SophistsandSocratesB.TheGreekWorldattheTimeofSocratesC.TheInfluenceoftheSophistsonSocratesD.Socrates:AManinSearchofTruthPassage3WorkisaveryimportantpartoflifeintheUnitedStates.WhentheearlyProtestantimmigrantscametothiscountry,theybroughttheideathatworkwasthewaytoGodandheaven.Thisattitude,theProtestantWorkEthic,stillinfluencesAmericantoday.Workisnotonlyimportantforeconomicbenefits,thesalary,butalsoforsocialandpsychologicalneeds,thefeelingofdoingsomethingforthegoodofthesociety.Americansspendmostoftheirlivesworking,beingproductive.FormostAmericans,theirworkdefinesthem:theyarewhattheydo.Whathappensthen,whenapersoncannolongerwork?AlmostallAmericansstopworkingatagesixty-fiveorseventyandretire.Becauseworkissuchanimportantpartoflifeinthisculture,retirementcanbeverydifficult.Retireesoftenfeelthattheyareuselessandunproductive.Ofcourse,somepeoplearehappytoretire;butleavingone’sjob,whateveritis,isadifficultchange,evenforthosewholookforwardtoretiring.Manyretireesdonotknowhowtousetheirtimeortheyfeellostwithouttheirjobs.Retirementscanalsobringfinancialproblems.ManypeoplerelyonSocialSecuritycheckseverymonth.Duringtheirworkingyears,employeescontributeacertainpercentageoftheirsalariestothegovernment.Eachemployeralsogivesacertainpercentagetothegovernment.Whenpeopleretire,theyreceivethismoneyasincome.Thesechecksdonotprovideenoughmoneytoliveon,however,becausepricesareincreasingveryrapidly.Seniorcitizens,thoseoversixty-five,havetohavesavingsinthebankorotherretirementplanstomakeendsmeet.Therateofinflationisforcingpieceshighereachyear;SocialSecuritychecksalonecannotcoverthesegrowingexpenses.Thegovernmentofferssomeassistance,likeMedicareandwelfare,butmanyseniorcitizenshavetochangetheirlifestylesafterretirement.Theyhavetospendcarefullytobesurethattheycanaffordtobuyfood,fuelandothernecessities.Ofcourse,manyseniorcitizensarehappywithretirement.Theyhavetimetospendwiththeirfamiliesorenjoytheirhobbies.Somecontinuetoworkparttime;othersdovolunteerwork.Some,likethoseintheRetiredBusinessExecutivesAssociation,evenhelpyoungpeopletogetstartedinnewbusiness.Manyretiredcitizensalsobelongto“GoldenAge”groups.Theseorganizationplantripsandsocialevents.Therearemanychancesforretirees.Americansocietyisonlybeginningtobeconcernedaboutthespecialphysicalandemotionalneedsofitsseniorcitizens.Thegovernmentistakingstepstoeasetheproblemoflimitedincome.Theyarebuildingnewhousing,offeringdiscountsinstoresandmuseumsandonbuses,andprovidingotherservicessuchasfreecourses,foodservice,andhelpwithhousework.Retiredcitizensarearapidlygrowingpercentageofthepopulation.Thispartofthepopulationisveryimportantandwemustmeettheirneeds.Afterall,everycitizenwillbeaseniorcitizensomeday.9.TheauthorbelievesthatworkfirstbecameimportanttoAmericansbecauseof___.A.religionB.economyC.psychologyD.family10.Thepassageismainlyabout___.A.moneyandcheckB.seniorandjuniorC.workandretirementD.ProtestantsandAmericans11.WhenAmericansstopwork,it’sdifficultforthemto___.A.getSocialSecuritychecksB.feelproductiveC.enjoythemselvesD.bereligious12.Theauthormentions___examplesofthegovernment’sstepstoeasetheproblemoflimitedincome.A.twoB.threeC.fourD.fivePassage4Overthepastseveraldecades,theU.S.,Canada,andEuropehavereceivedagreatdealofmediaandevenresearchattentionoverunusualphenomenaandunsolvedmysteries.TheseincludeUFOsaswellassightingsandencounterswith“nonhumancreatures”suchasBigfootandtheLochNessmonster.OnlyrecentlyhasLatinAmericabeguntoreceivesomeattentionaswell.AlthoughthemysteriesoftheAztec,Mayan,andIncacivilizationshavebeenknownforcenturies,nowthepublicisalsobecomingawareofunusual,paranormalphenomenaincountriessuchasPeru.TheNazca“lines”ofPeruwerediscoveredinthe1930s.Theselinesaredeeplycarvedintoaflat,stonyplain,andformabout300intricatepicturesofanimalssuchasbirds,amonkey,andalizard.Seenatgroundlevel,thedesignsareajumbledsenselessmess.Theimagesaresolargethattheycanonlybeviewedataheightof1,000feet—meaningfromanaircraft.Yettherewerenoaircraftsin300B.C.,whenitisjudgedthedesignsweremade.Norweretherethen,oraretherenow,anynearbymountainrangesfromwhichtoviewthem.SohowandwhydidthenativepeopleofNazcacreatethesemarvelousdesigns?Oneanswerappearedin1969,whentheGermanresearcherandwriterErichvonDanikenproposedthatthelinesweredrawnbyextraterrestrialsasrunwaysfortheiraircraft.ThescientificcommunitydidnottakelongtoscoffatandabandonvonDaniken’stheory.Overtheyearsseveralothertheorieshavebeenputforth,butnonehadbeenacceptedbythescientificcommunity.TodaythereisanewandheightenedinterestintheNazcalines.ItisadirectresultofthecreationoftheInternet.Currentlythereareover60sitesdedicatedtot