Unit4+Natural+Disasters词汇讲义 高中英语人教版性必修第一册

Unit4disaster

/dɪˈzɑ:stə(r)/n.灾难;灾害原文呈现：listentonewsreportsaboutnaturaldisasteranddiscussdisastersafetymeasure.同义词：tragedyevilcalamitygrieftornado

/tɔ:ˈneɪdəʊ/n.(pl.-oesor-os)龙卷风;旋风例句：The

tornado

destroyed

everything

inits

path,

whichwashorrifying.drought

/draʊt/n.旱灾;久旱例句：Weekafterweek

the

drought

continued.landslide

/ˈlændslaɪd/n.(landfall)(山地或悬崖的)崩塌;滑坡例句：Their

house

wasburied

by

a

landslide.同义词：mudslideslide

/slaɪd/vi.&vt.(使)滑行;滑动例句：Eric

losthisfooting

and

beganto

slide

into

thepit.

\o"真人发音"短语：slidedown

滑下，往下滑；塌陷；同义词：sliptsunami

/tsu:ˈnɑ:mi/n.海啸例句：Morethan

600,000

people

were

displaced

by

thetsunami.同义词：groundseaflood

/flʌd/n.洪水;大量

vi.淹没;大量涌入

vt.使灌满水;淹没例句：Thefloodwaters

slowly

retreated.短语：floodin

涌入，大量地涌到afloodof

一大批…同义词：drownout淹没压过volcaniceruption

/vɔlˈkænɪkɪˈrʌpʃn/火山喷发例句：Whydid

therecent

volcanic

eruption

in

Iceland

create

so

much

ash?

magnitude

/ˈmægnɪtju:d/n.(地)震级;重大原文呈现：WhatwasthemagnitudeoftheearthquakeinEducator?rescue

/ˈreskju:/n.&vt.营救;救援原文呈现：Whataretherescueworkersandsoldiersdoingintheflood-hitarea?同义词：deliverancen.释放，解救；救助；判决damage

/ˈdæmɪdʒ/vt.损害;破坏n.损坏;损失原文呈现：WhichbuildingsweredamagedinSeoul?同义词：injuryharmdestroydestroy

/dɪ'strɔɪ/vt.摧毁;毁灭原文呈现：2400homedestroyed.同义词：destroyinjury派生词：destroyable

可毁灭的；可粉碎的 destroyer

驱逐舰；破坏者；起破坏作用的事物evacuate

/ɪˈvækjueɪt/vt.疏散;撤出vi.撤离例句：Remember

that

hearing

a

siren

or

tonealert

radio

doesnot

mean

you

should

evacuate.短语：evacuateto

疏散同义词：withdrawbeataretreat派生词：evacuation

疏散；撤离；排泄helicopter

/ˈhelɪkɒptə(r)/n.直升机例句：Thehelicopter

roseinto

theair.同义词：copterwhirlybirdverticraftdeath/deθ/n.死;死亡原文呈现：Nodeaths,noinjures.派生词：dead

无生命的；呆板的；废弃了的dying

临终的，垂死的affect

/ə'fekt/vt.影响;(疾病)侵袭;深深打动原文呈现：82killed,50000affected.同义词：influence派生词：affected

adj.受到影响的；做作的；假装的affection

n.喜爱，感情；影响；感染shelter

/'ʃeltə(r)/n.避难处;居所;庇护vt.保护;掩蔽vi.躲避(风、雨或危险)原文呈现：Workersbuiltsheltersforsurvivorswhosehomeshadbeendestroyed.同义词：haven避难所派生词：sheltered

adj受保护的；掩蔽的；免税的；为弱者提供方便的crack

/kræk/n.裂纹;裂缝vi.&vt.(使)破裂原文呈现：Thereweredeepcracksthatappearedinthewellwalls.短语：crackdown

镇压；取缔；劈啪击下crackdownon

镇压；制裁同义词：splitn.裂缝派生词：cracker

爆竹；饼干；胡桃钳；解密高手asif

似乎;好像;仿佛原文呈现：Itseemedasiftheworldwerecomingtoanend!ruin

/'ru:ɪn/n.&vt.破坏;毁坏原文呈现：Inlessthanoneminute,alargecitylayinruins.短语：inruins

严重受损;破败不堪同义词：destroyinjuryinruins

严重受损;破败不堪原文呈现：Inlessthanoneminute,alargecitylayinruins.percent

/pəˈsent/n.百分之……adj.&adv.每一百种原文呈现：About75percentofthecity’sfactoriesandbuildings,90percentofitshomes,andallofitshospitalsweregone.派生词：percentage

百分比；百分率，百分数brick

/brɪk/n.砖;砖块原文呈现：Brickscoveredthegroundlikeredautumnleaves.metal

/'metl/n.金属原文呈现：Therailwaytrackswerenowuselesspiecesofmetal.派生词：metalwork

金属制品；金属加工shock

/ʃɒk/n.震惊;令人震惊的事;休克vt.(使)震惊原文呈现：Peoplewereinshock—andthen,laterthatafternoon,anotherbigquakeshookTangshanagain.同义词：astoundvt.使惊骇；使震惊派生词：shocker

令人震惊的人或事物；耸人听闻的故事或小说inshock

震惊;吃惊原文呈现：Peoplewereinshock—andthen,laterthatafternoon,anotherbigquakeshookTangshanagain.electricity

/ɪˌlekˈtrɪsəti/n.电;电能原文呈现：Water,food,andelectricitywerehardtoget.派生词：electric

n.电；电气车辆；带电体electric

adj.电的；电动的；发电的；导电的；令人震惊的trap

/træp/vt.使落入险境;使陷入圈套n.险境;陷阱原文呈现：thearmysent150,000soldierstoTangshantodigoutthosewhoweretrappedandtoburythedead.短语：ontrap

可得的；随时可用的setatrap

设陷阱同义词：pitn.险境;陷阱bury

/ˈberi/vt.埋葬;安葬原文呈现：thearmysent150,000soldierstoTangshantodigoutthosewhoweretrappedandtoburythedead.派生词：burial

埋葬的breathe

/bri:ð/vi.&vt.呼吸原文呈现：Slowly,thecitybegantobreatheagain.短语：breathein

吸入breatheout

呼出breatheinto

注入同义词：respirevt.呼吸派生词：breath

呼吸，气息；一口气，revive

/rɪˈvaɪv/vt.&vi.复活;(使)苏醒原文呈现：Tangshanstartedtoreviveitselfandgetbackuponitsfeet.同义词：comebacktolifeagain派生词：revival

n.复兴；复活；苏醒；恢复精神；再生效revival

/rɪˈvaɪvl/n.振兴;复苏例句：Thereare

encouraging

signs

of

an

artistic

revival.同义词：reconstruction派生词：revive

使复兴；使苏醒；effort

/'efət/n.努力;艰难的尝试;尽力原文呈现：Withstrongsupportfromthegovernmentandthetirelesseffortsofthecity’speople,anewTangshanwasbuiltupontheearthquakeruins.短语：inaneffortto

企图（努力想）；试图要makeeveryeffort

尽一切努力同义词：achievementsuccessn.成就unify

/ˈju:nɪfaɪ/vi.&vt.统一;(使)成一体原文呈现：peoplemustunifyandshowthewisdomtostaypositiveandrebuildforabrighterfuture.同义词：accordwisdom

/ˈwɪzdəm/n.智慧;才智原文呈现：peoplemustunifyandshowthewisdomtostaypositiveandrebuildforabrighterfuture.同义词：wit.n.智慧；才智；智力派生词：wise

明智的；聪明的；博学的wisely

明智地；聪明地；精明地context

/ˈkɒntekst/n.上下文;语境;背景原文呈现：Usecontexttounderstandnewwords.短语：inthecontextof

在…情况下；在…背景下inthiscontext

关于这点；由此而论；由于这个原因；在这个背景下outofcontext

断章取义；脱离上下文派生词：contexture

n.组织，结构；编织（工艺或方式）contextual

adj.上下文的；前后关系的suffer

/ˈsʌfə/vt.遭受;蒙受vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦原文呈现：Somewerefoundalive,thoughtheyweresufferingfromtheterribleinjuries.翻译：一些人被发现时活着，尽管他们受了严重的伤。近义词：bear;endure反义词：enjoy享受派生词：sufferern.患者；受害者词组：sufferfrom忍受；遭受；sufferfor因......而遭受；sufferloss遭受损失volcano

/vɒlˈkeɪnəʊ/n.(pl.-oesor-os)火山原文呈现：Thecouplewholivenexttousvolunteeredtohelpafterthevolcanoerupted.翻译：在火山爆发后，住在我们旁边的夫妇自愿帮忙。erupt

/ɪˈrʌpt/vi.&vt.(火山)爆发;(岩浆、烟等)喷出原文呈现：Thecouplewholivenexttousvolunteeredtohelpafterthevolcanoerupted.近义词：break;blowup派生词：eruptionn.爆发，喷发supply

/səˈplaɪ/n.供应(量);补给;[pl.]补给品vt.供应;供给原文呈现：Thesupplieswhichwereprovidedtothedisasterareawerecollectedfromaroundthecountry.翻译：提供给灾区的物资是从全国各地搜集来的。近义词：provide;派生词：supplementaladj.补充的suppliern.供应厂商，供应国supplyingn.供应；补充词组：powersupplying电源watersupplying供水系统；水源typhoon

/taɪˈfu:n/n.台风例句：Herearesomeofthepeoplewhosehomesweredestroyedbythetyphoon.这是一些房屋被台风摧毁的人。intheopenair

露天;在户外原文呈现:Thenextday,peopleputoutsheltersintheopenairusinganythingthattheycouldfind.翻译：第二天，人们用他们能找到的任何东西在露天搭建避难所。反义词：indoors在室内；近义词：outdoors在户外hurricane

/ˈhʌrɪkən/n.(尤指大西洋的)飓风原句呈现：Severaldayslater,mostofthebuildingsthathadbeendamagedbythehurricanewererepaired.翻译：几天后，被飓风毁坏的大多数建筑物得到了修缮。survive

/səˈvaɪv/vi.生存;存活vt.幸存;艰难度过原句呈现：She’sfeedingthebabywhosurvivedtheearthquake.翻译：她正在喂养在地震中幸存的婴儿。反义词：die派生词：survivaln.幸存，残存；幸存者survivorn.幸存者；生还者power

/ˈpaʊə(r)/n.电力供应;力量;控制力原句呈现：Gotoanopenspaceawayfrombuildings,trees,orpowerlines.翻译：去一个空旷的地方，远离建筑物、树或者电线。近义词：energy;force;strength反义词：powerlessadj.无力的派生词：powerfuladj.强有力的；有权势的；有影响力的powerfulnessn.有力；强烈powerlesslyadv.无力地poweredadj.装有发动机的；产生动力的短语：inthepowerof在......的控制下；受.....支配inpower执政的；掌权的tap

/tæp/vi.&vt.轻叩;轻敲;轻拍n.水龙头;轻叩;轻敲原句呈现：Taponapipeorwallorwhistleforhelp.翻译：敲击管道或墙或者吹小哨寻求帮助。近义词：pat;派生词：tappern.轻敲者词组：tapwater自来水tapinto挖掘pipe

/paɪp/n.管子;管道原句呈现：Taponapipeorwallorwhistleforhelp.翻译：敲击管道或墙或者吹小哨寻求帮助。whistle

/ˈwɪsl/vi.吹口哨;发出笛声vt.吹口哨n.哨子(声);呼啸声原句呈现：Taponapipeorwallorwhistleforhelp.翻译：敲击管道或墙或者吹小哨寻求帮助。emergency

/iˈmɜ:dʒənsi/n.突发事件;紧急情况原句呈现：Callaemergencynumber.翻译：打急救电话近义词：urgence派生词：emergencies（名词复数）emergencen.出现，浮现；发生短语：inanemergency在紧急情况下emergencyresponse应急响应calm

/kɑ:m/adj.镇静的;沉着的vt.使平静;使镇静原句呈现：Staycalm翻译：保持冷静近义词：peace；quiet派生词:calmness冷静，镇静短语：calmdown平静下来；keepcalm&staycalm保持冷静；aid

/eɪd/n.援助;帮助;救援物资vi.&vt.(formal)帮助;援助kit

/kɪt/n.成套工具;成套设备firstaidkit

急救箱例句:Doyouhaveafirstaidkitinyourhouse?翻译：你家里有急救箱吗？onhand现有(尤指帮助)原句呈现：Weshouldsuggestalwayshavingonhandenoughwaterandfoodforthreedays.翻译：我们应该建议随时准备足够三天的水和食物。crash

/kræʃ/vt.&vi.碰撞;撞击n.撞车;碰撞原句呈现：Themostpowerfulearthquakeinthepast40yearscausedatsunamithatcrashedintocoastlinesacrossAsiayesterday....翻译：昨日，过去40年来最强烈的地震引发的海啸席卷了整个亚洲的海岸线....近义词：collision派生词:crashern.猛击；破碎机词组：carcrash车祸；骑车碰撞aircrash飞机失事sweep

/swi:p/vt.&vi.(swept,swept)打扫;清扫原句呈现：Fisherman,tourist,hotels,homes,andcarsweresweptaway....翻译：渔民、游客、酒店、住宅和汽车被卷走了....近义词：clean派生词：sweepingn.扫除；垃圾sweepingadj.彻底的；广泛的sweepinglyadv.扫荡地；彻底地sweepern.清洁工；清扫器词组：sweepaway消灭;彻底消除sweepthefloor扫地；清扫地面wave

/weɪv/n.海浪;波浪vi.&vt.挥手;招手原句呈现：Fisherman,tourist,hotels,homes,andcarsweresweptawaybyhugewavescausedbythestrongearthquake....翻译：这场强烈的地震引发的巨浪卷走了渔民、游客、酒店、住宅和汽车。近义词：roll派生词：wavingadj.波浪状的wavelikeadv.波状地wavern.动摇；挥动者strike

/straɪk/vi.&vt.(struck,struck/stricken)侵袭;突击;击打n.罢工;罢课;袭击原句呈现：Theunderseaquakestruckaround7:00a.m,Sundayoffthewe