安徽省合肥市高三英语第三次质量检测试题（含解析）

安徽省合肥市2020届高三英语第三次质量检测试题（含解析）（考试时间120分钟满分：150分）试卷采用闭卷、笔试形式。试卷由四个部分组成。其中，第一、二部分和第三部分的第一节为选择题。第三部分的第二节和第四部分为非选择题。试卷满分150分。考试时间120分钟。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、座位号、准考证号、县区和科类填写在答题卡和试卷规定的位置上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。3.回答非选择题时，必须用0.5毫米黑色签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应的位置，写在本试卷上无效。如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不能使用涂改液、胶带纸、修正带。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatisthemandoing?A.Askingforinformation.B.Offeringsuggestions.C.Talkingaboutthetraffic.2.Howdoesthemanfeelaboutthechange?A.Satisfied.B.Shocked.C.Disappointed.3.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.GettingZoeagift.B.Havingabirthdayparty.C.Makingaweekendplan.4.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inanoffice.B.Inagallery.C.Inarestaurant.5.Whydoesthemanseekanewjob?A.Toearnmoremoney.B.Tohavebettercolleagues.C.Togetpromotionopportunities.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatdidthemanplantodoatfirst?A.Exchangeashirt.B.Buyashirt.C.Returnashirt.7.Howmuchistheblueshirtatleast?A.$45.B.$50.C.$55.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whatdoesthemanlikebestaboutcycling?A.Itgiveshimpleasure.B.Ithelpscurediseases.C.Itdoesn'tharmtheenvironment.9.Whydoesthemanspeakofmoviestars?A.Topromotecycling.B.Toencouragethewoman.C.Topresenttheirlifestyles.10.Howdoesthewomansoundattheendoftheconversation?A.Humorous.B.Positive.C.Curious.听第8段材料,回答第11至13题。11.WhatwillthemandoonTuesday?A.Receivevisitors.B.Pickuphisboss.C.Attendameeting.12.Whenwillthespeakersgettogethernext?A.OnWednesday.B.OnThursday.C.OnFriday.13Whatwillthespeakerstalkaboutonthephone?A.Theirworkschedule.B.Theirmeetingplace.C.Theirdeparturedate.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Classmates.B.Salespersonandcustomer.C.Interviewerandinterviewee.15.WhatdoesthemansayaboutthebookSherlockHolmes?A.Itsplotisinteresting.B.Itslanguageisattractive.C.Itscharactersaresmart.16.Whydoesthemanpreferbookstotheirmovieversions?A.Bookscanleavereadersthinkingactively.B.Booksarereallygoodforreaders'minds.C.Booksmayofferreadersmanymoredetails.17.Whatwillthewomanprobablydonext?A.Writebooks.B.Readbooks.C.Purchasebooks.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.Whatdoesthespeakersayaboutherself?A.Sheisverypatient.B.Sheisinpoorhealth.C.Sheisabitindependent.19.Whydidthespeakersetuptheorganization?A.Toofferthoseinneedjobs.B.Tomakemoreprofits.C.Toproducemasks.20.Whatdoesthespeakermeanattheendofthetalk?A.Shewantsmorevolunteers.B.Shehasenoughmasksnow.C.Sheisreadytohelpothers.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AShanghaiUniversityofSport(SUS)InvitesGlobalTalentsThePhysicalFitnessteachingteamisoneoftheexcellentnational-levelcourseteachingteamsatSUS.ThemaincoursesofthisteamareTheoriesandMethodsofHealthyFitnessAssessment,SportsPrescriptionandSportsHealthManagement.Thefollowingpositionsareavailableforapplicantsworldwide.LeadingExpertQualifications:*APh.D.degreeoranMDdegreefromanaccredited(授权的)institutionisrequired.*Applicantshaveproductiveresearchactivities,including,butnotlimitedto,publications,conferencepresentations,andcopywriting.FacultyMemberQualifications:*APh.D.degreeoranMDdegreefromanaccreditedinstitutionisrequired.*Applicantshavesuccessfulteachingexperiencesattheundergraduateandgraduatelevel.*Disciplines:PhysicalHealthMonitoring,FitnessAssessment,PreventiveMedicine,Statistics,ChildHealth,NutritionandFoodSafety,andDataScience.PostdocFellowshipQualifications:*APh.D.degreefromanaccreditedinstitutionisobtainedwithinthelast3years;freshgraduatesaregivenpriorityinconsideration.*Thefirstauthorpublicationsinpeer-reviewedjournalsandastrongpublicationrecordarepreferred.*Strongcommunicationandcooperationskillsandaninterestinworkinginaninter-disciplinaryenvironmentarealsorequired.ResearchAssistantQualifications:*AnMDdegreefromanaccreditedinstitutionisobtainedwithinthelast3yearsinsportsrehabilitation(康复)medicineorcloselyrelatedfields.*Strongpublicationsintopinternationaljournals(thefirstauthor)arepreferred.*Goodhands-onskillsandgoodEnglishcommunicationskillsarerequired.PleaseemailallmaterialsasaPDFfiletoDr.KailimiLiatlikailimisus.edu.enwiththesubject:thetitleofthepositionforwhichyouareapplying.Applicationdeadline:July31,2020oruntilfilled.1.WhichpositionfavorsarecentgraduatewithaPh.D.degree?A.LeadingExpert. B.FacultyMember.C.PostdocFellowship. D.ResearchAssistant.2.WhoismostlikelytogetthepositionofFacultyMember?A.Aregularcontributortointernationaljournals.B.Aresearcherinsportsrehabilitationmedicine.C.Awritergivingmanyconferencepresentations.D.AprofessorteachingNutritionandFoodSafety.3.Whatisthecommonqualificationrequiredbyallthepositions?A.Adegreefromanaccreditedinstitution.B.Communicationandcooperationskills.C.Thefirstauthorpublicationrecord.D.AgoodcommandofEnglish.【答案】1.C2.D3.A【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了上海大学招聘的一些职位的具体要求。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据PostdocFellowshipQualifications:部分的*APh.D.degreefromanaccreditedinstitutionisobtainedwithinthelast3years;freshgraduatesaregivenpriorityinconsideration.(在过去三年内取得认可院校的博士学位；应届毕业生优先考虑)可推测，刚毕业的博士生会偏向于博士后奖学金。所以PostdocFellowship这个职位更适合刚毕业的博士故选C项。【2题详解】推理判断题。根据FacultyMemberQualifications部分下的*APh.D.degreeoranMDdegreefromanaccredited(授权的)institutionsrequired.(需获得认证机构授予的博士或医学博士学位)和*Disciplines:PhysicalHealthMonitoring,FitnessAssessment,PreventiveMedicine,Statistics,ChildHealth,NutritionandFoodSafety,andDataScience.(学科：身体健康检测、体能评估、预防医学、统计学、营养和食品安全、数据科学。)可知，一个教授营养和食品安全的教授更有可能获得FacultyMember的职位。D.AprofessorteachingNutritionandFoodSafety.(一个教授营养和食品安全的教授)符合推测，故选D项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据LeadingExpert部分下的*APh.D.degreeoranMDdegreefromanaccredited(授权的)institutionsrequired(需授权机构的博士或者医学博士学位)；FacultyMemberQualifications:部分下的*APh.D.degreeoranMDdegreefromanaccreditedinstitutionisrequired.(需认证机构的博士或医学博士学位)；PostdocFellowship部分下的*APh.D.degreefromanaccreditedinstitutionisobtainedwithinthelast3years;(在过去三年内取得认可院校的博士学位)和ResearchAssistantQualifications:部分下的*AnMDdegreefromanaccreditedinstitutionisobtainedwithinthelast3years(获得医学博士学位认证机构在过去三年体育康复医学或密切相关的领域)可知，所有职位的共同特点都是：需要获得认证机构授予的学位。A.Adegreefromanaccreditedinstitution.(获得认证机构的学位)符合以上说法，故选A项。BSharonOkpoehaslivedherentire17yearsinMakoko,knownastheworld’slargest“floatingslum(贫民窟)”,builtonalakeinLagos,Nigeria.Okpoe’sfatherisafisherman,andhermothersellssmokedfish.Asmanyastwo-thirdsofthecity’s21millionresidentsliveinslums.“Mostgirlsaretrappedinaterriblecycleofpoverty.Manyofthemarenotthinkingofeducation,aplanforthefuture,”AbisoyeAjayi-Akinfolarin,acomputerprogrammerinLagos,recalls.Butseveraltimesaweek,girlslikeOkpoegetaglimpseofanotherworldwhentheyattendGirlsCoding,afreeprogramrunbythePearlsAfricaFoundationthatseekstoeducateandexcitegirlsaboutcomputerprogramming.Since2012,thegrouphashelpedmorethan400disadvantagedgirlsgainthetechnicalskillsandconfidencetheyneedtotransformtheirlives.It’sthevisionofAjayi-Akinfolarin,wholeftasuccessfulcareertodevoteherselftothiswork.She'dnoticedhowfewwomenworkedinthisgrowingfield-a2013governmentsurveyfoundthatlessthan8%ofNigerianwomenwereemployedintechnologyjobs.Shewantedtofixthegendergap.“Technologyisaspacethat’sdominatedbymen.Whyshouldweleavethattoguys?”shesaid.“Ibelievegirlsneedopportunities.”Now,dozensofgirlsaged10to17gettrainedincomputerprogrammingtechnology.“Ibelieveyoucanstillfinddiamondsintheseplaces,”Ajayi-Akinfolarinsaid.“Theyneedtobeshownanotherlife.”Onewayherprogramdoesthisisbytakingthestudentstovisittechcompanies—notonlyshowingthemwhattechnologycando,butalsohelpingthemvisualizethemselvesjoiningtheindustry.Okpoe,forone,hastakenthistoheart.ShehelpedcreateanappcalledMakokoFreshthatwentlivethissummer,enablingfishermenlikeherfathertosellseafooddirectlytocustomers.SheevenwantstobecomeasoftwareengineerandhopestostudycomputerscienceatHarvard.“OnethingIwantmygirlstoholdontois,regardlessofwheretheyarecomingfrom,thattheycanmakeit,”Ajayisaid.“Theyarecoders.Theyarethinkers.Theirfutureisbright.”4.WhatcanwelearnaboutGirlsCoding?A.Itencouragesgirlstolandajobineducation.B.ItoffersNigeriangirlsinneedpart-timejobs.C.IthelpsgirlsworkinginLagostofightpoverty.D.ItteachesgirlsinMakokocomputerprogramming.5.WhatdidAjayi-AkinfolarinsayaboutthegrowingfieldinParagraph3?A.Mencoulddofarbetterintechnologyjobs.B.Girlsshouldgetequalworkopportunities.C.Mennormallygotpaidmorethanwomen.D.Girlstendedtodevotethemselvestowork.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“this”inParagraph4referto?A.Rebuildingthegirls’confidence.B.Trainingthegirlstofinddiamonds.C.Presentingadifferentlifetothegirls.D.Takingthegirlstotechnologycompanies.7.WhatcanweinferaboutOkpoefromthelastparagraph?A.Shegotfishermentobenefitfromherapp.B.ShewasadmittedtoHarvardUniversity.C.Shetookherfather’ssuggestiontoheart.D.Shemadesomechangestocomputerscience.【答案】4.D5.B6.C7.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Ajayi-Akinfolarin在贫民窟中教女孩们计算机编程技术，向她们展示另一种生活。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的Butseveraltimesaweek,girlslikeOkpoegetaglimpseofanotherworldwhentheyattendGirlsCoding,afreeprogramrunbythePearlsAfricaFoundationthatseekstoeducateandexcitegirlsaboutcomputerprogramming.可知，但是每周都有好几次，像奥克坡这样的女孩参加GirlsCoding，这是一个由珍珠非洲基金会运营的免费项目，旨在教育和激发女孩们对计算机编程的兴趣。由此可知，GirlsCoding在Makoko教女孩计算机编程。故选D项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段，Ajayi-Akinfolarin注意到在这个不断发展的领域工作的女性很少，她想要弥补性别差异，尤其是Ibelievegirlsneedopportunities.(我认为女孩需要机会)说明了在男性主导的这个不断发展的领域中，女孩应该得到平等的工作机会。故选B项。【6题详解】词句猜测题。根据第四段中划线词所在句Onewayherprogramdoesthisisbytakingthestudentstovisittechcompanies—notonlyshowingthemwhattechnologycando,butalsohelpingthemvisualizethemselvesjoiningtheindustry.可知，她做这个的计划的一种方法是通过学生访问科技公司——不仅教他们技术能做什么,还帮助他们想象自己加入这个行业。由此可知，指示代词this指代前文的内容，前一句Ajayi-Akinfolarin所说的话中Theyneedtobeshownanotherlife.(需要向她们展示另一种生活)。由此推断出，this指的是给女孩们带来不同的生活。故选C项。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段的ShehelpedcreateanappcalledMakokoFreshthatwentlivethissummer,enablingfishermenlikeherfathertosellseafooddirectlytocustomers.可知，她帮助开发了一款名为MakokoFresh的应用，该应用于今年夏天上线，让像她父亲这样的渔民可以直接向客户销售海鲜。由此可知，她让渔民们受益于她的应用程序。故选A项。【点睛】代词指代题要求同学们根据语境的逻辑关系、判断划线的人称代词或指示代词在文章中指代的对象，包括考查it(指动物，无生命的事物、特定的事件或人)，they/them(指代人、物、事件的复数名词)，he/she等人称代词的指代意义，以及指示代词this，that，these，those等在文章中的指代意义，考查同学们对文章中叙述特定的人，物，事件的认知能力。解答这类题时，同学们要认真阅读划线词所在句和前后临近句的内容，分析人称转换和动作变换的详细过程，理清来龙去脉和前后的因果关系，从而准确推断其指代的对象。CTiredofstandinginline?Waitabitlonger,andyoumayneverhavetoagain.EveryonefromAmazontoSiliconValleystartupsistryingtolinesinretailstores.Amazonhasopened24ofitsAmazonGostores,whichusecamerasandartificialintelligencetoseewhatyou'vetakenoffshelvesandchargeyouasyouwalkout.SomestartupsarecloselycopyingAmazon'sapproachtousingAI-poweredcamerasfixedinceilings.Butothersaretryinganentirelydifferentwaytoskipthecheckout:smartshoppingcarts.Thesecompanieshaveaddedcamerasandsensorstothecarts,andareusingAItotellwhatyou’veplacedinthem.Abuilt-inscaleweighsitems,incaseyouhavetopaybythepoundforanitem.Customerspaybyenteringacreditcard,orthroughanonlinepaymentsystem.Whenacustomerexitsthestore,agreenlightontheshoppingcartindicatesthattheirorderiscomplete,andthey’recharged.Thestartupsbehindthesmartcarts,includingCaperandVeeve,sayit’smucheasiertoaddtechnologytotheshoppingcartthantoanentirestore.Amazom'sGostoresrelyonhundredsofcamerasintheceiling.Theshelvesalsoincludesensorstotellwhenanitemisremoved.AhmedBeshry,co-founderofCaper,believesthetechnologytorunGoistooexpensivetouseinalarge­formatgrocerystore.NeitherCapernorVeevehavesaidhowmuchtheirsmartshoppingcartswillcost,makingitdifficulttocomparethedifferentformats.ShariqSiddiqui,CEOofVeeve,saidhe’sfindingincreasedinterestfromretailersgivenAmazon’ssteadyexpansionofGosinceopeningthefirststoreinSeattlein2018.“We’realwayshappywhenAmazonisdoingsomething,”Siddiquisaid.“Theyforceretailerstogetoutoftheiroldschoolthinking.”Eachtimeabusinessusesartificialintelligenceandcameras,itraisesquestionsaboutcustomerprivacyandtheimpactonjobs.Beshrynotesthatthecamerasinhisshoppingcartpointdownintothecart,soonlyacustomer’shandandpartoftheirarmwillbecapturedoncamera.8.Whatdoweknowaboutthesmartshoppingcarts?A.Theyarelinkedtothecamerasfixedintheceilings.B.Theycantellcustomerswheretofindwhattheywant.C.Theyflashthegreenlightwhentheorderiscancelled.D.Theyareabletorecognizepurchasesplacedinthem.9.WhatdoesBeshrythinkofthetechnologyappliedinAmazon’sGostores?A.Itisfarmoreexpensivethantheirshoppingcarts.B.Itmayincreasethecostofrunningastoregreatly.C.Ithasattractedmanymoreretailersthanbefore.D.Itislikelytohelpretailerstothinkdifferently.10.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.TheNewTechnologyPromotesRetailSalesB.AI-poweredCamerasAreUsedinRetailStoresCSmartShoppingCartsWillLetYouSkiptheLineD.ArtificialIntelligenceAffectstheFutureJobMarket【答案】8.D9.B10.C【解析】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了亚马逊Go商店中可以自动识别放置在车里的物品的智能购物车的工作情况，智能购物车现在面对的问题和智能购物车的未来。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中Thesecompanieshaveaddedcamerasandsensorstothecarts,andareusingAItotellwhatyou’veplacedinthem.可知，这些公司已经在购物车中添加了摄像头和传感器，并利用人工智能来判断你在购物车中放置了什么。由此可知，智能购物车能够识别放置在他们里面的商品。故选D。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中AhmedBeshry,co-founderofCaper,believesthetechnologytorunGoistooexpensivetouseinalarge­formatgrocerystore.可知，Caper的联合创始人AhmedBeshry认为，运行Go的技术过于昂贵，不适合在大型杂货店使用。由此可知，Beshry认为亚马逊的Go商店应用的技术可能会大大增加经营商店的成本。故选B。【10题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段Tiredofstandinginline?Waitabitlonger,andyoumayneverhavetoagain.EveryonefromAmazontoSiliconValleystartupsistryingtolinesinretailstores.可知，厌倦了排队？再等一段时间，你可能就再也不用这样做了。从亚马逊到硅谷的初创公司，所有人都在尝试在零售店排队。结合文章主要介绍了亚马逊Go商店中可以自动识别放置在车里的物品的智能购物车的工作情况，智能购物车现在面对的问题和智能购物车的未来。由此可知，C选项“智能购物车可以让你跳过排队”最符合文章标题，故选C。DWallsblanketedinmoss(苔鲜)arepoppingupinmajorcities,alongwithpromisesthattheycanreduceairpollution—butcanafewsquaremetresofplantmatterreallydealwiththesmog?ABerlin-basedfirm,GreenCitySolutions,believesso.Itsmosswalls,calledtheCityTree,areroughly4squaremetresinsize.ArmedwithWi-Fisensorstomonitorthehealthofmoss,aCityTreefunctionsautonomouslyandrequiresverylittlemaintenance(维护).Thewallcollectsrainwater,whichispumpedthroughabuilt-inirrigationsystemtotheplants,poweredbysolarenergy.Asaresult,thefirmsayseachCityTreeisableto“eat”around250gramsofparticulate(颗粒)matteraday(nearly90kgsayear)andremovesabout240metrictonsofCO2annually.Italsocoolsthesurroundingair.AwarethatgettingthesurroundingairincontactwiththemosswalliscrucialfortheCityTreetobeeffective,theinventorsensurethatthelocationofeachinstallation(安装)ischosencarefully.Spotswherepollutionisheavyduetotrafficandwhereairflowislimitedarepicked.Theimportanceofthisstepisexplainedbythefactthatthewastegasfromacargenerallygoesverticallyafewkilometresintotheair.Butthisdoesn’tmeanmosswallswillnecessarilyprotectpeoplefrompollution.IntheNetherlands,researchersfoundthateightwallsinstalledinAmsterdamfailedtoreducetheconcentrationofparticulatematter(PM)andnitrogendioxide(N02).Theirreportconcludedthatevendoublingthenumberofmosswallswoulddolittletoimprovetheireffectiveness.TheCityTreeisnotmeantforparksortosubstituteforstreettreesbuttoaddgreenerytoconcrete-heavyspaceswhereplantingisnotanoption.It’simportanttorememberthatstreettreesprovideawholehostofotherbenefits,includingshelterandhabitatforurbanwildlife,shadeandcoolingforpeopleonthestreet,andreductionofurbanheatislands.11.WhatdoweknowabouttheCityTree?A.Itcanabsorbsomeairpollutants. B.Itcanirrigateotherstreetplants.C.Itproduceselectricitytocoolwater. D.Itisaimedatsavingwaterincities.12.WhatisParagraph3mainlyabout?A.TheimportanceofCityTree.B.ThefunctionofCityTree.C.HowtooperateCityTree.D.WheretoplaceCityTree.13.WhyistheexampleofAmsterdammentionedinParagraph4?A.ToshowthatCityTreecan’talwaysworkwell.B.ToprovethatCityTreecanreduceairpollutants.C.Toemphasizethenecessityofbuildingmosswalls.D.Toanalyzethereasonsforthefailureoftheprogram.14.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsreplacingstreettreeswithmosswalls?A.Ambiguous. B.Disapproving.C.Supportive. D.Cautious.【答案】11.A12.D13.A14.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇议论文。文章主要以号称能够减少空气污染的，在大城市如雨后春笋般出现的CityTree—苔藓墙是否真的能对付雾霾展开了讨论，分别从其功能，严格选址，以及是否有效发挥作用方面进行了讲述。作者在文末提出个人观点：苔藓墙并不能够取代公园和街道树木。【11题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段内容：Asaresult,thefirmsayseachCityTreeisableto“eat”around250gramsofparticulatematteraday(nearly90kgsayear)andremovesabout240metrictonsofCO2annually.可知每棵“城市树”每天可以“吃”大约250克的颗粒物（每年近90公斤），每年可以消除约240吨的二氧化碳。因此它有吸收一些空气污染物的功能。故选A项。【12题详解】主旨大意题。通过阅读可知，该段首句内容为本段中心主旨句，“AwarethatgettingthesurroundingairincontactwiththemosswalliscrucialfortheCityTreetobeeffective,theinventorsensurethatthelocationofeachinstallationischosencarefully.(考虑到让周围的空气与苔藓墙接触对城市树的有效性至关重要，发明者确保每个装置的位置都是精心选择的。)”可知，本段主要在讲述苔藓墙的安装位置。故选D项。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据英文文章的写作特点可知，举例内容应是对本段主旨要点的支持或例证，题干中提及举例内容“Amsterdam”紧跟于本段主旨要点之后，是为了给与主旨句例证。结合主旨内容“Butthisdoesn’tmeanmosswallswillnecessarilyprotectpeoplefrompollution.(但这并不意味着苔藓墙一定会保护人们免受污染。)”由此判断出，该例子是为了证明苔藓墙并不一定会发挥作用。故选A项。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据文章末尾段内容“TheCityTreeisnotmeantforparksortosubstituteforstreettrees,buttoaddgreenerytoconcrete-heavyspaceswhereplantingisnotanoption.(“城市树”并不是为公园设计的，也不是用来替代街道上的树，而是为混凝土密集的空间增加绿色植物，在这些空间里不可以种植植物。)”可推知，对于用苔藓墙取代街道上树这种做法，作者是反对的。故选B项。【点睛】事实细节题在阅读理解题中，有相当一部分属于事实或细节题，特别是直接理解性题目比较简单，只要通读全文，了解文中所叙述的重要事实或细节，就可以解答出来，有的甚至可以从文章的原句中直接找到答案；另外还有一些题目要求对文中个别难词、关键词、词组或句子作出解释或需要对有关的上下文提供的语境和信息、甚至对整篇文章的内容建立准确、立体的理解和判断。比如文章的第1小题：1.WhatdoweknowabouttheCityTree?A.Itcanabsorbsomeairpollutants.B.Itcanirrigateotherstreetplants.C.Itproduceselectricitytocoolwater.D.Itisaimedatsavingwaterincities.分析题目内容可知，该题为直接理解性题目，根据题干关键词“CityTree”可利用寻读法定位到文章第二段内容：Asaresult,thefirmsayseachCityTreeisableto“eat”around250gramsofparticulatematteraday(nearly90kgsayear)andremovesabout240metrictonsofCO2annually.可知，该句主要讲述了“CityTree”可以吸收大约250克的颗粒物（每年近90公斤），每年可以消除约240吨的二氧化碳。选项A.Itcanabsorbsomeairpollutants.(它可以吸收一些空气污染物。)合理陈述了该句中的重要事实。选项A为正确答案。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。TheBestWaytoStopBadInformationAlotofmisinformationaboutadiseasecansometimesfloodtheInternetandexpertscallonthepublictopractice"informationhygiene(卫生)".Whatcanyoudotostopthespreadofbadinformation?___15___Beforeyouforwarditon,asksomebasicquestionsaboutwheretheinformationcomesfrom.It'sabigredflagifthesourceis"afriendofafriend"or"myaunt'scolleague'sneighbor."Werecentlytrackedhowamisleadingpostfromsomeone's"unclewithamaster'sdegree"wentviral(病毒式地传播)．Someofthedetailsinthepostwereaccurate—someversions,forexample,encouragedhandwashingtoslowthespreadofviruses.___16___Thatwaspotentiallyharmful.Coulditbefalse?Appearancescanbemisleading.Theymaypossiblypretendtobeofficialaccountsandauthorities,includingsomefamousnewsagenciesandthegovernment.Screenshotscanalsobechangedtomakeitlooklikeinformationhascomefromatrustedpublicbody.___17___Ifyoucan'teasilyfindtheinformation,itmightbeatrap.Andifapost,videooralinklooksfishy-itprobablyis.Don'tshareifunsurewhetherit'strue.___18___Youmightbedoingmoreharmthangood.Oftenwepostthingsintoplaceswhereweknowthereareexpertslikedoctorsormedicalprofessionals.ThatmightbeOK,butmakesureyou'reveryclearaboutyourdoubts.Thinkaboutyourpreference.Areyousharingsomethingbecauseyouknowit'strueorjustbecauseyouagreewithit?"We'remorelikelytosharepoststhatsupportourexistingbeliefs,"saysCarlMiller,researchdirectoroftheCentreoftheAnalysisofSocialMedia.It'swhenyou'reangrilynoddingyourheadthatyouareeasilytakenin.___19___A.Checkyoursource.B.Considertheiropinionscarefully.C.Checkknownandconfirmedaccountsandwebsites.D.Youcan'tforwardthingson"justincase"theymightbetrue.E.Butothersmadeunprovenclaimsabouthowtodiagnosetheillness.F.So,aboveall,youjustneedtoslowdowneverythingthatyoudoonline.G.Yourfollowersreadwhatyoushare,afterall,buttheymaydisagreewithyou.【答案】15.A16.E17.C18.D19.F【解析】这是一篇议论文。文章介绍了一些阻止不良、虚假信息传播的方法，要求读者在转发文章时考虑文章的出处，推敲文章观点的真实度。【15题详解】下文It'sabigredflagifthesourceis"afriendofafriend"or"myaunt'scolleague'sneighbour."(如果来源是“一个朋友的朋友”或者“我阿姨的同事的邻居”，这就是一个很大的危险信号)与A.Checkyoursource.(核实你的来源)承接自然，source是关键词，故选A项。【16题详解】下文Thatwaspotentiallyharmful.(那是潜在的伤害)与E.Butothersmadeunprovenclaimsabouthowtodiagnosetheillness.(但是其他人对如何诊断这种疾病发表了未经证实的声明)承接自然，下文的that就指代上文的内容，故选E项。【17题详解】上文Screenshotscanalsobechangedtomakeitlooklikeinformationhascomefromatrustedpublicbody.(截屏有时候可以修改，让它看起来像是来自一个值得相信的公共机构)与C.Checkknownandconfirmedaccountsandwebsites.(检查已知和确认的账户和网站)承接自然，因为截屏可以修改，所以要检查所有网站来确定信息的真实性，故选C项。【18题详解】上文Don'tshareifunsurewhetherit'strue.(如果不确定消息是否真实就不要转发)与D.Youcan'tforwardthingson"justincase"theymightbetrue.(你不能因为它们可能是真的就转发)承接自然，不确定真实性的东西不能为了可能它们是真的就转发，此外true是关键词，故选D项。【19题详解】上文"We'remorelikelytosharepoststhatsupportourexistingbeliefs,"saysCarlMiller,researchdirectoroftheCentreoftheAnalysisofSocialMedia.It'swhenyou'reangrilynoddingyourheadthatyouareeasilytakenin.(社交媒体分析公司的研究总监卡尔.米勒说：“我们更倾向于分享那些支持我们已有观念的帖子。”当你狂热地点头时，你很容易上当。)与F.So,aboveall,youjustneedtoslowdowneverythingthatyoudoonline.(所以，最重要的是，你上网时应该让一切慢下来)承接自然，只有我们放慢在网上的速度，才不容易上当，故选F项。第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。MusicissomethingIcouldneverlivewithout.Asalittlekid,singingmyheartoutandtryingoutfortheschoolplayreallymademe___20___.Therewasnothingthatcouldkeepmeawayfrommy___21___untilhighschool.Everyeighthgraderwhowantedtobeinthehighschoolshowchoir___22___theaudition(试唱)foraprogram.Whenitwasmy___23___toentertheroom,Igotvery___24___mythroatwasdryandmyheartraced.Theaudition___25___1Llikethis,theintroduction,thesongofchoiceandtherangecheck—thechoirdirectorplayedanoteonthepianowhichIhadto___26___.BeforeIknewit,theauditionwasover.Ifeltnothingbut___27___,forthevibrato(颤音)wasamazingandIalsohitevery___28___.Weekspassedandthelistofwhohadmadeitintotheshowchoirwasposted.WhenIwas____29____theshowchoirlist,Ifoundmyname.____30____,thiswasn’twhatIhadexpected.“Angelica—alternate(候补者).”Analternate?Wasmyauditionthat____31____?Ithoughttomyself.AfterIsawthis,my____32____disappeared.MyoutsideshowedIwasn't____33____butontheinsidemywholeworldhadbrokenup.Ihadno____34____oftakingtheshowchoiratall.Ayearlater,onedayIwasatarestaurantthatheldkaraoketothecustomers.Myparentsbeggedmetogoupandsing.IsaidnoatfirstbutfinallyIgotenough____35____togoup.Itmademe____36____atthebeginning,butIstartedoffmysongandgainedmoreconfidenceasIcontinued.WhenIhitthehighnotesin“IknowI'mnottheonlyone”,thepeopleeatingcheeredforme.I____37____Ihadn'tgotintooneprogrambutthatdidnotmeanIhadtogiveupallhope,andthatI____38____hadthatpassion.ThelessonIlearnedwasifyouare____39____ordonotgettheoutcomeyouwant,anditissomethingyou'reinlovewith,don'tgiveup.20.A.stressed B.quiet C.confused D.happy21.A.adventure B.curiosity C.passion D.sympathy22.A.attended B.held C.passed D.abandoned23.A.duty B.privilege C.habit D.turn24.A.calm B.touched C.nervous D.angry25.A.ended B.went C.occurred D.changed26.A.match B.take C.learn D.review27.A.guilt B.relief C.regret D.pain28.A.note B.target C.post D.wall29.A.drawingup B.handingin C.takingdown D.lookingthrough30.A.Otherwise B.Therefore C.However D.Instead31.A.familiar B.terrible C.impressive D.natural32.A.patience B.imagination C.independence D.confidence33.A.sad B.cool C.serious D.grateful34.A.wisdom B.chance C.intention D.impression35.A.courage B.knowledge C.luck D.permission36.A.march B.relax C.sweat D.complain37.A.doubted B.realized C.promised D.advocated38.A.just B.yet C.even D.still39.A.laidoff B.turneddown C.lookeddownupon D.madefunof【答案】20.D21.C22.A23.D24.C25.B26.A27.B28.A29.D30.C31.B32.D33.A34.C35.A36.C37.B38.D39.B【解析】这是一篇记叙文。主要记叙了作者很喜欢音乐，直到高中参加一个唱诗班的试唱，作者落选后自信消失了。一年后，作者再次站上舞台唱歌，才意识到如果你被拒绝了，或者没有得到你想要的结果，而这是你喜欢的东西，不要放弃。【20题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：作为一个小孩，唱出我的心声和尝试为学校演出真的让我高兴。A.stressed紧张的；B.quiet安静的；C.confused困惑的；D.happy高兴的，快乐的。结合上文MusicissomethingIcouldneverlivewithout.可推知作者喜欢音乐，因此能够唱出自己的心声和尝试为学校演出很让作者高兴。故选D。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：没有什么能让我远离我